Registration No. 333-
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
Form F-3
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Melco Crown Entertainment Limited
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
Not Applicable
(Translation of Registrants name into English)
Cayman Islands | Not Applicable | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
36th Floor, The Centrium
60 Wyndham Street
Central
Hong Kong
(+852) 2598-3600
(Address and telephone number of Registrants principal executive offices)
CT Corporation System
111 Eighth Avenue, 13th Floor
New York, NY 10011
(212) 894-8940
(Name, address and telephone number of agent for service)
Copies to:
Matthew D. Bersani, Esq.
Shearman & Sterling
12/F, Gloucester Tower,
The Landmark
15 Queens Road Central
Central, Hong Kong
(+852) 2978-8000
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after the effective date of this registration statement.
If only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box. ¨
If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box. x
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.C. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box. x
If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.C. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box. ¨
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
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Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered(1) |
Amount to be Registered(2) |
Proposed Maximum Offering Price per Share(2) |
Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price(2) |
Amount of Registration Fee(2) | ||||
Ordinary shares, par value US$0.01 per share |
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(1) | These ordinary shares are represented by American depositary shares, each of which represents three ordinary shares. The Registrants ADSs issuable on deposit of the ordinary shares registered hereby have been registered under a separate registration statement on Form F-6. |
(2) | An indeterminate aggregate number of securities is being registered as may from time to time be sold at indeterminate prices. In accordance with Rules 456(b) and 457(r), the Registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fee. |
PROSPECTUS
Melco Crown Entertainment Limited
(incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability)
American Depositary Shares
(each representing three Ordinary Shares)
and Ordinary Shares
The prospectus relates to the proposed sale from time to time by us or any selling shareholder of American depositary shares, or ADSs, or ordinary shares of Melco Crown Entertainment Limited. Each ADS represents three ordinary shares, par value US$0.01 per ordinary share, of Melco Crown Entertainment Limited. We will not receive any proceeds from the ADSs or the ordinary shares sold by any selling shareholder.
This prospectus may not be used to consummate sales of securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement which will describe the method and terms of the offering. We will provide the specific terms of any offering and the offered securities as well as information about the selling shareholders, if any, in one or more supplements to this prospectus. Any prospectus supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus.
Our ADSs are listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol MPEL.
Investing in our ADSs involves risks. You should carefully consider the Risk Factors beginning on page 25 of this prospectus or which may be included in any prospectus supplement.
We or any selling shareholder may sell the securities to or through underwriters, to other purchasers, through agents, or through a combination of these methods. The names of any underwriters will be stated in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is November 29, 2011.
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MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
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INDEX TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
H-1 |
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This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form F-3 that we filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, which we refer to as the SEC, utilizing a shelf registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we and the selling shareholders may sell the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we and the selling shareholders may offer. We may add, update or change information contained in this prospectus by means of a prospectus supplement or by incorporating by reference information that we file or furnish to the SEC. The registration statement that we filed with the SEC includes exhibits that provide more detail on the matters discussed in this prospectus. Before you invest in any securities offered by this prospectus, you should read this prospectus, any related prospectus supplements and the related exhibits filed with the SEC, together with the additional information described under the headings Where You Can Find More Information and Incorporation by Reference.
You should rely only on the information incorporated by reference or provided in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement. Neither we nor any of the selling shareholders has authorized anyone to provide you with different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. Neither we nor any of the selling shareholders will make an offer of these securities in any jurisdiction where it is unlawful. You should assume that the information in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement, as well as the information we have previously filed with the SEC or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, is accurate only as of the date of the documents containing the information.
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The following summary is qualified in its entirety by, and should be read in conjunction with, the more detailed information and financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference. In addition to this summary, we urge you to read the entire prospectus, any accompanying prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference carefully, especially the risks of investing in our ADSs discussed under Risk Factors, before deciding whether to purchase our ADSs.
Overview
We are a developer, owner and, through our subsidiary Melco Crown Gaming (Macau) Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Macau, or Melco Crown Gaming, operator of casino gaming and entertainment resort facilities focused on the Macau market. Our subsidiary Melco Crown Gaming is one of six companies licensed, through concessions or subconcessions, to operate casinos in Macau.
We were incorporated in 2004 as a joint venture between Melco International Development Limited, a company incorporated in Hong Kong, or Melco, and Publishing and Broadcasting Limited (now known as Consolidated Media Holdings Limited), an Australian-listed corporation, or PBL (whose gaming businesses and investments were acquired by Crown Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Victoria, Australia, or Crown, in 2007 as part of the demerger of PBLs media and gaming businesses). We currently operate two major casino based operations, namely, City of Dreams and Altira Macau, and non-casino based operations at our Mocha Clubs. Our operations cater to a broad spectrum of gaming patrons, from high-stakes rolling chip gaming patrons to gaming patrons seeking a broader entertainment experience. We seek to attract patrons from throughout Asia and in particular from Greater China.
We focus on the Macau gaming market, which we believe will continue to be one of the largest gaming destinations in the world. In 2008, 2009 and 2010, Macau generated gaming revenue of approximately US$13.6 billion, US$14.9 billion and US$23.5 billion, respectively, according to the Direcção de Inspecção e Coordenação de Jogos (the Gaming Inspection and Coordination Bureau), or DICJ; for the same periods, the Las Vegas Strip generated gaming revenue (excluding sports book and race book) of US$6.0 billion, US$5.5 billion and US$5.7 billion, respectively, according to the Nevada Gaming Control Board. Macau benefits from its proximity to one of the worlds largest pools of existing and potential gaming patrons and is currently the only market in Greater China, and one of only several in Asia, to offer legalized casino gaming.
Our major existing operations and our development project consist of:
City of Dreams. City of Dreams, an integrated resort development in Cotai, Macau which opened in June 2009, currently features a casino area of approximately 420,000 square feet with a total of approximately 400 gaming tables and approximately 1,300 gaming machines. The resort houses three luxury hotels, which collectively offer approximately 1,400 guest rooms, a collection of retail brands, a wet stage performance theater and other entertainment venues.
We are currently re-evaluating the next phase of our development plan at City of Dreams. We expect the next phase of development to include a five-star hotel with features of an apartment hotel or a general hotel and anticipate we will finance this phase separately from the rest of City of Dreams.
Altira Macau. Altira Macau (formerly known as Crown Macau) opened in May 2007 and currently features a casino area of approximately 173,000 square feet with a total of approximately 200 gaming tables and offers approximately 200 hotel rooms.
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Mocha Clubs. First opened in September 2003, we currently operate nine Mocha Clubs. With a combined total of more than 1,800 gaming machines, the clubs comprise the largest non-casino based operations of electronic gaming machines in Macau.
Studio City Project. We are reaching the final stages of our design plans, while working closely with the Macau government to complete the necessary approval process of the Studio City Project, an integrated resort comprising entertainment, retail and gaming facilities in which we own 60% of the equity interest. Other than utilizing internal cash flow, we are also evaluating financing plans in relation to the Studio City Project including a bank loan and other debt financing. Currently, we envision the Studio City Project as an integrated entertainment, retail and gaming resort located in Cotai, with gaming areas, four-star and/or five-star hotel offerings, and various entertainment, retail and food and beverage outlets to attract a wide range of customers, with a particular focus on the mass market segment in Asia and in particular from Greater China. All of the features of the Studio City Project described in this document are subject to change.
Our net revenues for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 were US$1,416.1 million, US$1,332.9 million and US$2,642.0 million, respectively. We incurred net losses of US$2.5 million, US$308.5 million and US$10.5 million in the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively. During the same periods, casino revenues accounted for 99.3%, 97.9% and 96.5% of our total net revenues, respectively. Our net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011 were US$1,141.2 million and US$1,766.5 million, respectively. We incurred a net loss of US$42.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and had a net income of US$73.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011. During the same periods, casino revenues accounted for 96.8% and 95.8% of our total net revenues, respectively.
Industry Background
The Macau market is dominated by gaming table play heavily skewed to baccarat, including rolling chip baccarat and non-rolling chip baccarat. A baccarat patron wagering under the rolling chip program will generally require credit in order to be able to buy-in to non-negotiable rolling chips and will earn a rebate derived from the rolling chip volume that the patron generates. Baccarat is also played in Macau on a non-rolling chip (or traditional cash chip) basis, which does not provide the patron with rebate based on volume of play and does not involve the provision of credit.
A substantial majority of the rolling chip baccarat segment revenue generated by casino operators in Macau is derived from patrons who collaborate with gaming promoters, primarily in order to access the credit that is then available. A gaming promoter, also known as a junket operator, is a person who, for the purpose of promoting rolling chip gaming activity, arranges customer transportation and accommodation and, subject to an agreement with a concessionaire or a subconcessionaire, provides credit in their sole discretion, food and beverage services and entertainment in exchange for commissions or other compensation from a concessionaire or subconcessionaire. Casino operators typically pay a commission to the gaming promoters based on either a percentage of monthly rolling chip volume or gaming wins and losses from the patrons they direct to the casinos.
Our Competitive Strengths
| Diversified Portfolio of High Quality Properties Targeting Multiple Customer Segments |
| Ability to Identify and Capture Innovative Growth Opportunities |
| Ability to Develop and Introduce Innovative Product and Service Concepts to the Market |
| Significant Experience of Our Controlling Shareholders and Seasoned Management Team |
| Strong Sales Reach and Customer Hosting and Loyalty Programs to Drive Business |
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| Development and Construction Experience |
| Strong Operating Performance to Fund Potential Growth Opportunities |
Our Strategies
| Develop a Balanced Product Portfolio of Well-Recognized Branded Experiences Tailored for a Broad Spectrum of Customer Segments |
| Utilize Melco Crown Gamings subconcession to Maximize Our Business and Revenue Potential |
| Develop Comprehensive Marketing and Customer Loyalty Programs |
| Create First Class Service Experiences |
| Maintain a Strong Balance Sheet and Conservative Capital Structure, De-Leverage and Remain Alert to Potential Growth Opportunities |
Risk Factors
Risks Relating to Our Business and Operations in Macau
| We have a short operating history, and so we are subject to significant risks and uncertainties. Our short operating history may not serve as an adequate basis to judge our future operating results and prospects. |
| We are dependent upon a limited number of properties for a substantial portion of our cash flow, we are and will be subject to greater risks than a gaming company with more operating properties. |
| Servicing our debt requires a significant amount of cash, and we may not generate a sufficient level of cash flow from our businesses to make scheduled payments on our debt. |
| Our business depends substantially on the continuing efforts of our senior management, and our business may be severely disrupted if we lose their services. |
| The success of our business may depend on our ability to attract and retain adequate qualified personnel. A limited labor supply and increased competition could cause labor costs to increase. |
| Our insurance coverage may not be adequate to cover all losses that we may suffer from our operations. In addition, our insurance costs may increase or we may not be able to obtain similar insurance coverage in the future. |
| Conducting business in Macau has certain political and economic risks that may lead to significant volatility and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. |
| The winnings of our patrons could exceed our casino winnings at particular times during our operations. |
| Win rates for our casino operations depend on a variety of factors, some beyond our control, which, at particular times, adversely impact our results of operations. |
| Our gaming business is subject to the risk of cheating and counterfeiting. |
| Because we depend upon our properties in Macau for all of our cash flow, we will be subject to greater risks than a gaming company that operates in more than one market. |
| Our gaming operations could be adversely affected by restrictions on the export of the Renminbi and limitations of the Pataca exchange markets. |
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| Terrorism and the uncertainty of war, economic downturns and other factors affecting discretionary consumer spending and leisure travel may reduce visitation to Macau and harm our operating results. |
| An outbreak of the highly pathogenic avian influenza caused by the H5N1 virus (avian flu or bird flu), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, or SARS, or H1N1 virus (swine flu) or other contagious disease may have an adverse effect on the economies of certain Asian countries and may adversely affect our results of operations. |
| Macau is susceptible to severe typhoons that may disrupt our operations. |
| Any fluctuation in the value of the HK dollar, U.S. dollar or Pataca may adversely affect our indebtedness, expenses and profitability. |
| All our future construction projects, including the next phase of City of Dreams and the Studio City Project, will be subject to significant development and construction risks, which could have a material adverse impact on related project timetables, costs and our ability to complete the projects. |
| We could encounter substantial cost increases or delays in the development of our projects, including the next phase of City of Dreams and the Studio City Project, which could prevent or delay the opening of such projects. |
| We are planning to develop the Studio City Project on a plot of land for which the development period has elapsed and for which we have not yet obtained the final approval of the Macau government for the amendment of the land concession on terms acceptable to us. If we do not obtain the extension of the development period and approval for the amendment of the land concession on terms acceptable to us, we could forfeit all or part of our investment in the Studio City Project and would not be able to open and operate that facility as planned. |
| Any simultaneous planning, design, construction and development of the next phase of City of Dreams and the Studio City Project may stretch our management time and resources, which could lead to delays, increased costs and other inefficiencies in the development of these projects. |
| We may undertake mergers, acquisitions or strategic transactions that could result in operating difficulties and distraction from our current business. |
| Litigation, disputes and regulatory investigations may adversely affect our profitability and financial condition. |
Risks Relating to the Gaming Industry in Macau
| We face intense competition in Macau and elsewhere in Asia. We may not be able to compete successfully and may lose or be unable to gain market share. |
| The Macau government could grant additional rights to conduct gaming in the future, which could significantly increase competition in Macau and cause us to lose or be unable to gain market share. |
| Gaming is a highly regulated industry in Macau and adverse changes or developments in gaming laws or regulations could be difficult to comply with or significantly increase our costs, which could cause our projects to be unsuccessful. |
| Melco Crown Gamings subconcession contract expires in 2022 and if we were unable to secure an extension of its subconcession in 2022 or if the Macau government were to exercise its redemption right in 2017, we would be unable to operate casino gaming in Macau. |
| Melco Crown Gamings tax exemption on complementary tax on income from gaming operations under the subconcession tax will expire in 2016, and we may not be able to extend it. |
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| We extend credit to a portion of our customers, and we may not be able to collect gaming receivables from our credit customers. |
| The current credit environment may limit availability of credit to gaming patrons and may negatively impact our revenue. |
| Our business may face a higher level of volatility due to the current weighting of rolling chip in our revenue base. |
| We depend upon gaming promoters for a portion of our gaming revenue and if we are unable to establish, maintain and increase the number of successful relationships with gaming promoters, our ability to attract rolling chip patrons may be adversely affected. |
| Ama and the Individual Guarantor might not be able to repay to us the amounts outstanding under the settlement agreements, and, consequently, we may not be able to fully recover the amounts in debt by Ama towards us, in the approximate amount of HK$249.2 million, in the expected time or at all. |
| We are impacted by the reputation and integrity of the parties with whom we engage in business activities and we cannot assure you that these parties will always maintain high standards or suitability throughout the term of our association with them. Failure to maintain such high standards or suitability may cause us and our shareholders to suffer harm to our own and the shareholders reputation, as well as impaired relationships with, and possibly sanctions from, gaming regulators. |
| Visitation to Macau may decline due to increased restrictions on visitations to Macau from citizens of mainland China. |
| We cannot assure you that AML policies that we have implemented, and compliance with applicable AML laws, will be totally effective to prevent our casino operations from being exploited for money laundering purposes. |
| If Macaus transportation infrastructure does not adequately support the development of Macaus gaming and leisure industry, visitation to Macau may not increase as currently expected, which may adversely affect our projects. |
| Any violation of the FCPA could have a negative impact on us. |
Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure and Ownership
| Our existing shareholders will have a substantial influence over us, and their interests in our business may be different than yours. |
| Business conducted by a collaboration of different corporate groups involves certain risks. |
| Melco and Crown may pursue additional casino projects in Asia, which, along with their current operations, may compete with our projects in Macau, which could have material adverse consequences to us and the interests of our minority shareholders. |
| Changes in our share ownership, including a change of control of our shares owned collectively by Melco and Crown, could result in our inability to draw loans or events of default under our indebtedness, or could require MCE Finance to make an offer to repurchase the Senior Notes or require us to make an offer to repurchase the RMB Bonds. |
| Crowns investment in our company is subject to regulatory review in several jurisdictions and if regulators in those jurisdictions were to find that we, Crown or Melco failed to comply with certain regulatory requirements and standards, Crown may be required to withdraw from the joint venture. |
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Risks Relating to Our Financing and Indebtedness
| Our current, projected and potential future indebtedness could impair our financial condition, which could further exacerbate the risks associated with our significant leverage. |
| We may require external debt or equity financing to complete our future investment projects, which may not be available on satisfactory terms or at all. |
| We may not be able to generate sufficient cash flow to meet our debt service obligations. |
| If we are unable to comply with the restrictions and covenants in our debt agreements, including, among others, the indenture governing the Senior Notes and the RMB Bonds agreement, there could be a default under the terms of these agreements or the indenture, which could cause repayment of our debt to be accelerated. |
| The terms of the 2011 Credit Facilities may restrict our current and future operations and harm our ability to complete our projects and grow our business operations to compete successfully against our competitors. |
| Our operations are restricted by the terms of the Senior Notes, which could limit our ability to plan for or to react to market conditions or meet our capital needs. |
| Our operations are restricted by the terms of the RMB Bonds which may limit our ability to respond to market conditions or to continue the growth of our business. |
| Drawdown or rollover of advances under our debt facilities involve satisfaction of extensive conditions precedent and our failure to satisfy such conditions precedent will result in our inability to access or roll over loan advances under such facilities. There is no assurance that we will be able to satisfy all conditions precedent under our current or future debt facilities. |
| Our failure to comply with the covenants contained in our or our subsidiaries indebtedness, including failure as a result of events beyond our control, could result in an event of default that could materially and adversely affect our cash flow, operating results and our financial condition. |
| Any inability to maintain current financing or obtain future financing could result in delays in our project development schedule and could impact our ability to generate revenue from operations at our present and future projects. |
Risks Relating to Our Shares and ADSs
| The trading price of our ADSs has been volatile since our ADSs began trading on Nasdaq and may be subject to fluctuations in the future. The market price for our shares may also be volatile, which could result in substantial losses to investors. |
| The liquidity of our shares on the HKSE may be limited and the effectiveness of the liquidity arrangements is subject to limitations. |
| We currently do not intend to pay dividends, and we cannot assure you that we will make dividend payments in the future. |
| Substantial future sales or perceived sales of our shares or ADSs in the public market could cause the price of our ADSs and shares to decline. |
| Holders of ADSs have fewer rights than shareholders and must act through the depositary to exercise those rights. |
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| You may be subject to limitations on transfers of your ADSs. |
| Your right to participate in any future rights offerings may be limited, which may cause dilution to your holdings and you may not receive cash dividends if it is unlawful or impractical to make them available to you. |
| We are a Cayman Islands exempted company and, because judicial precedent regarding the rights of shareholders is more limited under Cayman Islands law than that under U.S. law, you may have less protection for your shareholder rights than you would under U.S. law. |
| You may have difficulty enforcing judgments obtained against us. |
| We may become a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, which could result in adverse U.S. tax consequences to U.S. investors. |
| Holders of ADSs have fewer rights than shareholders and must act through the depositary to exercise those rights. |
| You may be subject to limitations on transfers of your ADSs. |
| Your right to participate in any future rights offerings may be limited, which may cause dilution to your holdings and you may not receive cash dividends if it is unlawful or impractical to make them available to you. |
| We are a Cayman Islands exempted company and, because judicial precedent regarding the rights of shareholders is more limited under Cayman Islands law than that under U.S. law, you may have less protection for your shareholder rights than you would under U.S. law. |
| You may have difficulty enforcing judgments obtained against us. |
| We may be treated as a passive foreign investment company, which could result in adverse United States federal income tax consequences to U.S. Holders. |
The Subconcession Contract
The subconcession contract expires on June 26, 2022. Unless it is extended beyond this date or legislation on reversion of casino premises is amended, all of our casino premises and gaming related equipment under Melco Crown Gamings subconcession will automatically be transferred to the Macau government without compensation and we will cease to generate revenues from such operations. Under the subconcession contract, beginning in 2017, the Macau government has the right to redeem the subconcession contract by providing us with at least one years prior notice. In the event the Macau government exercises this redemption right, we would be entitled to fair compensation or indemnity. The standards for the calculation of the amount of such compensation or indemnity would be determined based on the gross revenue generated by City of Dreams during the tax year immediately prior to the redemption, multiplied by the remaining term of the subconcession. We would not receive any further compensation (including for consideration paid to Wynn Resorts (Macau) S.A., or Wynn Macau, for the subconcession). We cannot assure you that Melco Crown Gaming would be able to renew or extend the subconcession contract on terms favorable to us, or at all. We also cannot assure you that if the subconcession was redeemed, the compensation paid would be adequate to compensate us for the loss of future revenues.
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KEY TERMS AND CONDITIONS RELATING TO THE SUBCONCESSION OF MELCO CROWN GAMING
Committed investment |
MOP4.0 billion (US$499.2 million)(1)(4) | |
Term |
to June 26, 2022 | |
Special gaming tax |
35.0% of gross gaming revenue(3) | |
Annual gaming premium |
MOP30.0 million (US$3.7 million) per annum fixed premium | |
MOP300,000 (US$37,437) per annum per VIP gaming table | ||
MOP150,000 (US$18,719) per annum per mass market gaming table | ||
MOP1,000 (US$125) per annum per electric or mechanical gaming machine including slot machines | ||
Special levies: |
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Contribution to a public foundation in Macau for promotion, development or study of culture, society, economy, education, science and charity events in Macau |
1.6% of gross gaming revenue(2)(3) | |
Contribution to Macau government for urban development, tourism promotion and social security in Macau |
2.4% of gross gaming revenue(2)(3) | |
Total |
4.0% of gross gaming revenue(2)(3) |
Notes:
(1) | Under the subconcession contract between Wynn Macau and Melco Crown Gaming, as authorized by the Macau government, Melco Crown Gaming is required to invest at least MOP4.0 billion in Macau for one resort-hotel-casino complex and a city club. |
(2) | The contribution percentages are subject to changes upon re-negotiation between the concessionaires or subconcessionaires and the Macau government. |
(3) | Gross gaming revenue is defined as all gaming revenue derived from casino or gaming areas. |
(4) | Under the subconcession contract, Melco Crown Gaming was responsible for investing MOP4.0 billion. In June 2010 the Macau government confirmed that as of that date, we have completed our committed investment. |
A summary of the key terms of the subconcession contract is as follows:
Development of Gaming Projects/Financial Obligations
The subconcession contract requires us to make a minimum investment in Macau of MOP 4.0 billion (US$499.2 million), including investment in fully developing Altira Macau and the City of Dreams, by December 2010. In June 2010, we obtained confirmation from the Macau government that as of the date of the confirmation, we had invested over MOP4.0 billion (US$499.2 million) in our projects in Macau.
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Payments
In addition to the consideration paid to Wynn Macau and the annual fixed and variable premium due to the Macau government, the Macau government also has the power to supervise subconcessionaires in order to assure financial stability and capacity. The subconcession premiums and taxes, computed in various ways depending upon the type of gaming or activity involved, are payable to the Macau government. The method for computing these fees and taxes may be changed from time to time by the Macau government. Depending upon the particular fee or tax involved, these fees and taxes are payable either monthly or annually and are based upon either:
| a percentage of the gross revenues; or |
| the number and type of gaming devices operated. |
In addition to special gaming taxes of 35% of gross gaming revenue, we are also required to contribute to the Macau government an amount equivalent to 1.6% of the gross revenue of our gaming business. Such contribution must be delivered to a public foundation designated by the Macau government whose goal is to promote, develop or study culture, society, economy, education and science and engage in academic and charitable activities. Furthermore, we are also obligated to contribute to Macau an amount equivalent to 2.4% of the gross revenue of the gaming business for urban development, tourism promotion and the social security of Macau. We are required to collect and pay, through withholding, statutory taxes on commissions or other remuneration paid to gaming promoters.
Termination Rights
The Macau government has the right, after notifying Wynn Macau, to unilaterally terminate Melco Crown Gamings subconcession in the event of non-compliance by us with our basic obligations under the subconcession and applicable Macau laws. Termination of the subconcession contract may be enforced by agreement between Melco Crown Gaming and Wynn Macau, but is independent of Wynn Macaus concession. A mutual agreement between the Macau government and Melco Crown Gaming can also result in termination of the subconcession. Neither Melco Crown Gaming nor Wynn Macau is granted explicit rights of veto, or of prior consultation. The Macau government has the exclusive right to unilaterally rescind the subconcession contract upon the following termination events:
| the operation of gaming without permission or operation of business which does not fall within the business scope of the subconcession; |
| abandonment of approved business or suspension of operations of our gaming business in Macau without reasonable grounds for more than seven consecutive days or more than 14 non-consecutive days within one calendar year; |
| transfer of all or part of Melco Crown Gamings operation in Macau in violation of the relevant laws and administrative regulations governing the operation of games of fortune or chance and other casino games in Macau and without Macau government approval; |
| failure to pay taxes, premiums, levies or other amounts payable to the Macau government; |
| refusal or failure to resume operations following the temporary assumption of operations by the Macau government; |
| repeated opposition to the supervision and inspection by the Macau government and failure to comply with decisions and recommendations of the Macau government, especially those of the DICJ, applicable to us; |
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| failure to provide or supplement the guarantee deposit or the guarantees specified in the subconcession within the prescribed period; |
| bankruptcy or insolvency of Melco Crown Gaming; |
| fraudulent activity harming the public interest; |
| serious and repeated violation of the applicable rules for carrying out casino games of chance or games of other forms or damage to the fairness of casino games of chance or games of other forms; |
| systematic non-compliance with the Macau Gaming Laws basic obligations; |
| the grant to any other person of any managing power over the gaming business of Melco Crown Gaming or the grant of a subconcession or entering into any agreement to the same effect; or |
| failure by a controlling shareholder in Melco Crown Gaming to dispose of its interest in Melco Crown Gaming, within 90 days from the date of the authorization given by the Macau government for such disposal, pursuant to written instructions received from the regulatory authority of a jurisdiction where the said shareholder is licensed to operate, which have had the effect that such controlling shareholder now wishes to dispose of the shares it owns in Melco Crown Gaming. |
These events could lead to the termination of Melco Crown Gamings subconcession without compensation to us regardless of whether any such event occurred with respect to us or with respect to our designated subsidiaries which will operate our Macau project including Altira Developments Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Macau, or Altira Developments, Altira Hotel Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Macau, or Altira Hotel and Melco Crown (COD) Developments Limited, a company incorporated in Macau, or Melco Crown (COD) Developments. Based on information from the Macau government, proposed amendments to the legislation with regard to reversion of casino premises are being considered. We expect that if such amendments take effect, on termination of Melco Crown Gamings subconcession only that portion of casino premises within our developments as then designated with the approval of the Macau government, including all gaming equipment, would revert to the Macau government automatically without compensation to us. Until such amendments come into effect upon such termination, all of our casino premises and gaming equipment would revert automatically without compensation to us and we would cease to generate any revenues from these operations. In many of these instances, the subconcession contract does not provide a specific cure period within which any such events may be cured and, instead, we may be dependent on consultations and negotiations with the Macau government to give us an opportunity to remedy any such default.
Ownership and Capitalization
Set out below are the key terms in relation to ownership and capitalization under the subconcession contract:
| any person who directly acquires voting rights in Melco Crown Gaming will be subject to authorization from the Macau government; |
| Melco Crown Gaming will be required to take the necessary measures to ensure that any person who directly or indirectly acquires more than 5% of the shares in Melco Crown Gaming would be subject to authorization from the Macau government, except when such acquisition is wholly made through the shares of publicly listed companies; |
| any person who directly or indirectly acquires more than 5% of the shares in Melco Crown Gaming will be required to report the acquisition to the Macau government (except when such acquisition is wholly made through shares tradable on a stock exchange as a publicly listed company); |
11
| the Macau governments prior approval would be required for any recapitalization plan of Melco Crown Gaming; and |
| the Chief Executive of Macau could require the increase of Melco Crown Gamings share capital if he deemed it necessary. |
Under the authorization for the transfer of obligations, the Macau government has imposed that the transfer of shares in any direct or indirect shareholders of Altira Hotel, Altira Developments and Melco Crown (COD) Developments is subject to authorization from the Macau government.
Redemption
Under the subconcession contract, beginning in 2017, the Macau government has the right to redeem the subconcession contract by providing us with at least one years prior notice. In the event the Macau government exercises this redemption right, we would be entitled to fair compensation or indemnity.
Others
The subconcession contract provides for the following:
| a special duty of cooperation which requires Melco Crown Gaming to make immediately available to the government any document, information or data which the government may consider necessary for its continuing monitoring of Melco Crown Gamings suitability; |
| a similar duty of cooperation applies to any document, information or data which the government may consider necessary for its continuing monitoring of Melco Crown Gamings financial capacity; |
| that, in the execution of its investment obligations, Melco Crown Gaming deploys qualified manpower and observes internationally accepted standards in construction and, in maintaining the properties that materialize the investment obligations, manages and keeps the properties in accordance with high international standards, promptly informs the government of any situations that may affect significantly the operation of the properties or of Melco Crown Gamings activities, |
| a special duty of cooperation which requires Melco Crown Gaming to make available to the government any data and information which the government may request with respect to its accounts; |
| a general duty of cooperation and, in this context, a requirement for Melco Crown Gaming to make available to the government any documents and information; |
| the obligation for Melco Crown Gaming to ensure the normal functioning of its casinos and require any parties performing work or providing services to Melco Crown Gaming to observe rules of good organization and functioning; |
| that Melco Crown Gaming may not engage in concerted practices with other gaming concessionaires or gaming managing companies that are likely to impede, restrict or disable fair competition. |
According to our Macau counsel and the confirmation obtained from DICJ dated November 23, 2011, Melco Crown Gaming had complied with all covenants and obligations as a gaming subconcessionaire in Macau since September 8, 2006 until November 23, 2011.
In addition, according to DICJs confirmation dated November 23, 2011, DICJ has confirmed full compliance by Melco Crown Gaming with all its obligations under the subconcession contract, all applicable gaming laws and regulations in force in Macau, and all laws and regulations related to anti-money laundering, or AML, and the prevention of financing of terrorism activities applicable and in force in Macau.
12
AML Procedures, Systems and Controls
See Risk Factors Risks Relating to the Gaming Industry in Macau We cannot assure you that AML policies that we have implemented, and compliance with applicable AML laws, will be effective to prevent our casino operations from being exploited for money laundering purposes.
We have exercised due diligence in carrying out our gaming operations in a manner consistent with applicable legal requirements and/or does not contravene the Gambling Ordinance (Chapter 148 of the Laws of Hong Kong), as amended, as required under the Gambling Activities Undertaken by Listing Applicants and/or Listed Issuers announcement issued by the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited, or HKSE, dated March 11, 2003.
As at November 23, 2011, our directors are not aware of any non-compliance with applicable laws and regulations (including the Gaming Regulations and AML regulations). We have obtained all necessary approvals, licenses, permits and qualifications, and all gaming promoters are officially licensed by the DICJ, whilst commission payments complied with the regulatory cap that has been effective since September 2009.
Summary of Material Indebtedness
We are a growing company with significant financial needs. We expect to have significant capital expenditures in the future as we continue to develop our Macau properties, in particular, the Studio City Project and potentially the next phase of City of Dreams. We have relied and intend in the future to rely on our operating cash flow and debt and equity funding to meet our financing needs and repay our indebtedness, as the case may be.
The timing of any future debt and equity financing activities will be dependent on our funding needs, our development and construction schedule, the availability of funds on acceptable terms to us, and prevailing market conditions. We may carry out activities from time to time to strengthen our financial position and ability to better fund our business expansion. Such activities may include refinancing existing debt, monetizing assets, sale-and-leaseback transactions or other similar activities.
13
The following tables contain some summary information about our material indebtedness. For more details, please see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Description of Material Indebtedness.
2011 Credit Facilities
Borrowing group |
Melco Crown Gaming and certain of our subsidiaries | |
Facility agent |
Deutsche Bank AG, Hong Kong branch | |
Security agent |
DB Trustees (Hong Kong) Limited | |
2011 Term Loan Facility |
HK$6.24 billion (approximately US$800 million) | |
Principal outstanding |
HK$6.24 billion (approximately US$800 million) as of November 23, 2011 | |
Repayment |
In quarterly installments according to an amortization schedule commencing on September 30, 2013 | |
2011 Revolving Credit Facility |
Up to HK$3.12 billion (approximately US$400 million) on a fully revolving basis | |
Outstanding amount |
HK$1.65 billion (approximately US$212.5 million) drawn down as of November 23, 2011 | |
Repayment |
In full on the last day of an agreed upon interest period ranging from one to six months, or roll over subject to compliance with covenants and satisfaction of conditions precedent | |
Interest and fee |
Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate, or HIBOR, plus a margin ranging from 1.75% to 2.75% per annum; commitment fee payable quarterly in arrears on the daily undrawn amount | |
Maturity date |
June 30, 2016 | |
Security |
Includes, among others, a first priority mortgage over all land and all present and future buildings on and fixtures to such land, and an assignment of land use rights under land concession agreements or equivalent held by the relevant entities in the borrowing group | |
Key covenants and financial ratios | (i) Leverage cannot exceed 3.00:1.00 for reporting periods ending September 30, 2011 up to June 30, 2013 and cannot exceed 2.50:1.00 for reporting periods ending September 30, 2013 and onwards; (ii) Total Leverage cannot exceed 4.50:1.00 for reporting periods ending September 30, 2011 up to June 30, 2013 and cannot exceed 4.00:1.00 for reporting periods ending September 30, 2013 and onwards; and (iii) Interest Cover must be greater than or equal to 4.00:1.00 for reporting periods ending September 30, 2011 onwards |
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RMB Bonds and Deposit-Linked Loan
RMB Bonds |
||
Issuer |
Melco Crown Entertainment Limited | |
Principal amount |
RMB2.3 billion (US$353.3 million) aggregate principal amount | |
Principal outstanding |
RMB2.3 billion (US$353.3 million) | |
Interest |
3.75% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on May 9 and November 9 of each year | |
Issue date |
May 9, 2011 | |
Maturity date |
May 9, 2013 | |
Use of proceeds |
To fund the payment for the acquisition of a 60% equity interest in Cyber One Agents Limited, and its direct and indirect subsidiaries, or Cyber One Group, and pre-fund certain scheduled interest payments on the RMB Bonds | |
Key covenants and financial ratios | As at the end of any twelve months period ending on December 31 or June 30, (i) Consolidated tangible net worth cannot be less than US$1 billion; and (ii) Maximum leverage ratio cannot exceed 2.50:1.00 | |
Deposit-Linked Loan |
||
Lender |
Bank of China Limited, Macau Branch | |
Principal amount |
HK$2,748.5 million (US$353.3 million) | |
Outstanding amount |
HK$2,748.5 million (US$353.3 million) | |
Interest |
2.88% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on May 8 and November 8 in each year | |
Maturity date |
May 20, 2013 | |
Security |
Deposit of RMB2.3 billion, bearing interest at 1.5% per annum, receivable semi-annually in arrears on May 8 and November 8 of each year | |
Use of proceeds |
To hedge exposure to RMB fluctuations under the RMB Bonds |
15
Senior Notes
Issuer |
MCE Finance | |
Principal amount |
US$600 million aggregate principal amount | |
Principal outstanding |
US$600 million | |
Interest |
10.25% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year | |
Issue date |
May 17, 2010 | |
Maturity date |
May 15, 2018 | |
Guarantors |
Our company, our subsidiary MPEL International and Melco Crown Gaming, MPEL Nominee One, Altira Hotel, Altira Developments, Melco Crown (COD) Hotels, Melco Crown (COD) Developments, Melco Crown (Cafe) Limited, Golden Future (Management Services) Limited, MPEL (Delaware) LLC, Melco Crown Hospitality and Services Limited, Melco Crown (COD) Retail Services Limited, Melco Crown (COD) Ventures Limited, COD Theatre Limited, Melco Crown COD (HR) Hotel Limited, Melco Crown COD (CT) Hotel Limited and Melco Crown COD (GH) Hotel Limited, or the Senior Note Subsidiary Group Guarantors | |
Security |
First priority pledge of the intercompany note under which MCE Finance on-lent to MPEL Investments an aggregate amount necessary to reduce our indebtedness under the project facility dated September 5, 2007 entered into between, among others, Melco Crown Gaming as borrower and certain other subsidiaries as guarantors, comprising of a term loan facility and a revolving credit facility for a total sum of US$1.75 billion, for the purposes of financing, among other things, certain project costs of City of Dreams, or the City of Dreams Project Facility | |
Use of proceeds |
To reduce indebtedness under the City of Dreams Project Facility | |
Key covenants |
Limitations on the ability of MCE Finance and its restricted subsidiaries to incur or guarantee additional indebtedness, make specified restricted payments, issue or sell capital stock, sell assets, create liens, enter into agreements that restrict the ability of the restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends, transfer assets or make intercompany loans, enter into transactions with shareholders or affiliates and effect a consolidation or merger |
The table below summarizes the maturity schedule of our indebtedness as of June 30, 2011.
Year Ending December 31, | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 and 2012 |
2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | thereafter | |||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions of US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 Credit Facilities |
| 128.3 | 256.7 | 256.7 | 373.0 | | 1,014.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
RMB Bonds |
| 355.9 | | | | | 355.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Loans from Shareholders |
| 115.6 | | | | | 115.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Deposit-Linked Loan |
| 353.3 | | | | | 353.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Senior Notes(1) |
| | | | | 600.0 | 600.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
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Total |
| 953.1 | 256.7 | 256.7 | 373.0 | 600.0 | 2,439.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Note: |
(1) | Before issue discount. |
The loans from shareholders were converted into shares on November 29, 2011, with an adjustment to ensure that Melco Leisure and Entertainment Group Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of BVI, or Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments, Pty Ltd., a company incorporated under Cayman Islands law, or Crown Asia Investments, maintain their interests in our company in equal proportions. See Corporate History and Structure Shareholder Loans for further details.
During the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and the six months ended June 30, 2011, we did not experience any non-compliance with the covenants contained in the debt instruments and loan facilities described above that was not waived or rectified. As of November 23, 2011, we were in compliance with the relevant covenants under the debt instruments and loan facilities described above.
Corporate Information
We were incorporated in the Cayman Islands on December 17, 2004 as an exempted company with limited liability, with registered number 143119.
Our principal executive offices are located at 36th Floor, The Centrium, 60 Wyndham Street, Central, Hong Kong. Our telephone number at this address is (+852) 2598 3600 and our fax number is (+852) 2537 3618.
Investor inquiries should be directed to us at the address and telephone number of our principal executive offices set forth above. Our website is www.melco-crown.com. The information contained on our website does not form part of this prospectus. Our agent for service of process in the United States is CT Corporation System, located at 111 Eighth Avenue, 13th Floor, New York, New York 10011.
Our ADSs have been listed on the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation System, or Nasdaq, Global Market since December 2006 and on the Nasdaq Global Select Market since January 2009.
Conventions That Apply to This Prospectus
Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires and for the purposes of this prospectus only:
| we, us, our and our company refer to Melco Crown Entertainment Limited and, as the context requires, its predecessor entities and its subsidiaries; |
| our board refers to the board of directors of our company or a duly constituted committee thereof; |
| shares and ordinary shares refer to our ordinary shares, par value US$0.01 per ordinary share; |
| ADSs refers to our American depositary shares, each of which represents three ordinary shares; |
| China, mainland China and PRC refer to the Peoples Republic of China and, solely for the purpose of this prospectus, exclude Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau, and Greater China refers to the Peoples Republic of China, Hong Kong and Macau; |
| Cyber One refers to Cyber One Agents Limited, a company incorporated in BVI with limited liabilities which is 60% owned by one of our subsidiaries and 40% owned by New Cotai Holdings, LLC; |
| Hong Kong or HK refers to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the PRC; |
| Macau refers to the Macau Special Administrative Region of the PRC; |
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| United States or U.S. refer to the United States of America, its territories, possessions and all areas subject to its jurisdiction; |
| BVI refers to the British Virgin Islands; |
| Cotai refers to an area of reclaimed land located between the islands of Taipa and Coloane in Macau; |
| Senior Note Guarantees refers to the guarantees provided by our company, MPEL International and the Senior Note Subsidiary Group Guarantors with respect to the Senior Notes; |
| Senior Note Guarantors refers to our company, MPEL International and the Senior Note Subsidiary Group Guarantors with respect to the Senior Notes; and |
| all references to RMB and Renminbi are to the legal currency of China, all references to U.S.dollars and US$ are to the legal currency of the United States, all references to MOP and Patacas are to the legal currency of Macau, all references to Hong Kong dollars and HK$ are to the legal currency of Hong Kong, all references to Australian dollars and A$ are to the legal currency of Australia. |
This prospectus contains translations of certain Hong Kong dollar and Pataca amounts into U.S. dollars at specified rates. Unless otherwise stated, all translations from Hong Kong dollars to U.S. dollars were made at the noon buying rate on June 30, 2011 in New York City for cable transfers in Hong Kong dollar per U.S. dollar, as certified for customs purposes by the H.10 weekly statistical release of the Federal Reserve Board of the United States, which were HK$7.78 to US$1.00. On November 25, 2011, the noon buying rate was HK$7.7957 to US$1.00.
The Pataca is pegged to the Hong Kong dollar at a rate of MOP1.03 to HK$1.00, as published by the Monetary Authority of Macau. Based on the aforementioned translations of Hong Kong dollars to U.S. dollars and Pataca to Hong Kong dollars, translations from Patacas to U.S. dollars as at June 30, 2011 were made at the rate of MOP8.01 to US$1.00.
This prospectus also contains translation of certain Renminbi amounts into U.S. dollars at specified rates. Unless otherwise stated, all translation from Renminbi to U.S. dollars were made at the rate of RMB0.83 to US$1.00 on June 30, 2011 based on the announcement by the Peoples Bank of China.
We make no representation that the Hong Kong dollar, Pataca, Renminbi or U.S. dollar amounts referred to in this prospectus could have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars, Renminbi, Pataca or Hong Kong dollar, as the case may be, at any particular rate or at all.
Industry Terms in This Prospectus
For purposes of this prospectus:
| average daily rate refers total room revenue (less service charges, if any) divided by total rooms occupied, i.e., average price of occupied rooms per day; |
| cage refers to a secure room within a casino with a facility that allows patrons to exchange cash for chips required to participate in gaming activities, or to exchange chips for cash; |
| chip refers to round token that is used on casino gaming tables in lieu of cash; |
| dealer refers to a casino employee who takes and pays out wagers or otherwise oversees a gaming table; |
| drop refers to the amount of cash and net markers issued that are deposited in a gaming tables drop box to purchase gaming chips plus gaming chips purchased at the casino cage; |
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| drop box refers to a box or container that serves as a repository for cash, chips, chip purchase vouchers, credit markers and forms used to record movements in the chip inventory on each table game; |
| expected hold percentage refers to casino win based upon our mix of games as a percentage of drop or rolling chip volume assuming theoretical house advantage is achieved; |
| front money refers to the funds required to be deposited by some gaming patrons at the casino cage which they can use for gaming purposes. Front money deposits enable a player to draw upon funds by signing chip purchase vouchers at the table games up to the amount of the deposit; |
| gaming machine handle (volume) refers to the total amount wagered in gaming machines in aggregate for the period cited; |
| gaming promoter aggregator model refers to a model where the gaming operator typically pays an additional level of remuneration above usual market commission rate to the gaming promoter which in return provides additional services by managing and providing credit to its collaborators; |
| gaming promoter or junket representative refers to an individual or corporate entity who, for the purpose of promoting rolling chip gaming activity, arranges customer transportation and accommodation, provides credit in its sole discretion (subject to an authorization agreement entered into with a concessionaire or subconcessionaire), and arranges food and beverage services and entertainment in exchange for commissions or other compensation from a gaming operator; |
| hold percentage refers to the amount of win (calculated before discounts and commissions) as a percentage of drop or rolling chip volume; |
| hotel occupancy rate refers to the average percentage of available hotel rooms occupied during a period; |
| integrated resort refers to a resort which provides customers with a combination of hotel accommodations, casinos or gaming areas, retail and dining facilities, MICE space, entertainment venues and spas; |
| junket player refers to a player sourced by gaming promoters to play in the VIP gaming rooms or areas; |
| Las Vegas Strip refers to the group of resort hotels and casinos located on Las Vegas Boulevard South in Clark County, Nevada. The Las Vegas Strip is home to the majority of the large-scale casinos and the source of the majority of gaming revenues in the Las Vegas metropolitan area; |
| marker refers to evidence of indebtedness by a player to the casino or gaming operator; |
| mass market patron refers to a customer who plays in the mass market segment; |
| mass market segment consists of both table games and slot machines played on public mass gaming floors by mass market patrons for cash stakes that are typically lower than those in the rolling chip segment; |
| MICE refers to Meetings, Incentives, Conventions and Exhibitions, an acronym commonly used to refer to tourism involving large groups brought together for an event or specific purpose; |
| non-negotiable chip refers to promotional casino chip that is not to be exchanged for cash; |
| non-rolling chip hold percentage refers to mass market table games win as a percentage of non-rolling chip volume; |
| non-rolling chip or traditional cash chip refers to chip used by mass market patrons to make wagers and can be exchanged for cash; |
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| non-rolling chip volume refers to the amount of table games drop in the mass market segment, therefore tracking the initial purchase of chips; |
| premium direct player refers to a rolling chip player who is a direct customer of the concessionaires or subconcessionaires and is attracted to the casino through direct marketing efforts and relationships with the gaming operator; |
| progressive jackpot refers to a jackpot for a slot machine or table game where the value of the jackpot increases as wagers are made. Multiple slot machines or table games may be linked together to establish one progressive jackpot; |
| revenue per available room or REVPAR refers to total room revenue (less service charges, if any) divided by total rooms available, thereby representing a summary of hotel average daily room rates and occupancy; |
| rolling chip refers to non-negotiable chip primarily used by rolling chip patrons to make wagers; |
| rolling chip hold percentage refers to rolling chip table games win as a percentage of rolling chip volume; |
| rolling chip patron refers to a player who is primarily a VIP player and typically receives various forms of complimentary services from the gaming promoters or concessionaires or subconcessionaires; |
| rolling chip segment consists of table games played in private VIP gaming rooms or areas by rolling chip patrons who are either premium direct players or junket players; |
| rolling chip volume refers to the amount of non-negotiable chips wagered and lost by the rolling chip market segment; |
| slot machine refers to traditional gaming machine operated by a single player and electronic multiple-player gaming machines; |
| table games win refers to the amount of wagers won net of wagers lost that is retained and recorded as casino revenue; |
| VIP gaming room or VIP gaming area refers to gaming rooms or areas that have restricted access to rolling chip patrons and typically offer more personalized service than the general mass market gaming areas; |
| wet stage performance theater refers to the approximately 2,000-seat theater specifically designed to stage The House of Dancing Water show; and |
| win percentage-gaming machines refers to actual win expressed as a percentage of gaming machine handle. |
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SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA
The summary consolidated statement of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and the summary consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The summary consolidated statement of operations data for each of the six-month periods ended June 30, 2010 and 2011 and summary consolidated balance sheet data as of June 30, 2011 have been derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus and have been prepared on the same basis as our audited consolidated financial statements. The unaudited summary financial data include all adjustments, consisting of only normally recurring adjustments, that we consider necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position and the results of operations for the interim unaudited period. You should read the summary consolidated financial data in conjunction with those financial statements and the related notes and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included elsewhere in this prospectus. Our audited and unaudited consolidated financial statements are prepared and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or U.S. GAAP. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected in any future period.
Year Ended December 31, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands of US$, except share and per share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net revenues |
1,416,134 | 1,332,873 | 2,641,976 | 1,141,245 | 1,766,542 | |||||||||||||||
Total operating costs and expenses |
(1,414,960 | ) | (1,604,920 | ) | (2,549,464 | ) | (1,142,479 | ) | (1,602,740 | ) | ||||||||||
Operating income (loss) |
1,174 | (272,047 | ) | 92,512 | (1,234 | ) | 163,802 | |||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
(2,463 | ) | (308,461 | ) | (10,525 | ) | (42,575 | ) | 73,808 | |||||||||||
(Loss) income per share |
||||||||||||||||||||
Basic |
(0.0019 | ) | (0.2104 | ) | (0.0066 | ) | (0.0267 | ) | 0.0461 | |||||||||||
(Loss) income per share |
||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted |
(0.0019 | ) | (0.2104 | ) | (0.0066 | ) | (0.0267 | ) | 0.0458 | |||||||||||
Weighted average shares used in calculating (loss) income per share |
||||||||||||||||||||
Basic |
1,320,946,942 | 1,465,974,019 | 1,595,552,022 | 1,595,281,416 | 1,599,631,942 | |||||||||||||||
Diluted |
1,320,946,942 | 1,465,974,019 | 1,595,552,022 | 1,595,281,416 | 1,611,770,624 |
As of December 31, | As of June 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands of US$) | ||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Balance Sheets Data: |
||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
815,144 | 212,598 | 441,923 | 1,026,851 | ||||||||||||
Restricted cash |
67,977 | 236,119 | 167,286 | 368,437 | ||||||||||||
Total assets |
4,495,442 | 4,862,845 | 4,884,440 | 5,555,011 | ||||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
447,289 | 521,643 | 675,604 | 469,602 | ||||||||||||
Total debts(1) |
1,529,195 | 1,798,879 | 1,839,931 | 2,432,420 | ||||||||||||
Ordinary shares |
13,216 | 15,956 | 16,056 | 16,069 | ||||||||||||
Total liabilities |
2,086,838 | 2,353,801 | 2,361,249 | 2,940,184 | ||||||||||||
Total equity |
2,408,604 | 2,509,044 | 2,523,191 | 2,614,827 |
(1) | Includes amounts due to shareholders within one year, loans from shareholders and current and non-current portion of long-term debt. |
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Other Financial and Operational Data
The following table sets forth our adjusted property EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011:
Year Ended December 31, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands of US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted property EBITDA(1)(3) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Mocha Clubs |
25,805 | 25,416 | 29,831 | 13,616 | 21,389 | |||||||||||||||
Altira Macau |
162,487 | 13,702 | 133,679 | 58,501 | 114,132 | |||||||||||||||
City of Dreams |
(23 | ) | 56,666 | 326,338 | 113,807 | 237,352 | ||||||||||||||
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|
|
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Total adjusted property EBITDA |
188,269 | 95,784 | 489,848 | 185,924 | 372,873 | |||||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA(2)(3) |
157,025 | 55,756 | 430,359 | 160,329 | 337,596 |
(1) | Adjusted property EBITDA is earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, pre-opening costs, development costs, share-based compensation, property charges and others, corporate and other expenses and other non-operating income and expenses. |
(2) | Adjusted EBITDA is earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, pre-opening costs, development costs, share-based compensation, property charges and others, and other non-operating income and expenses. |
(3) | We changed the name of our segment operating measure from adjusted EBITDA to adjusted property EBITDA, effective for annual and interim periods commencing January 1, 2010. Additionally, we introduced a new performance measure, adjusted EBITDA, which represents our total adjusted property EBITDA less corporate and other expenses. Disclosures for previous periods are also presented on this basis for comparative purposes. Our management uses adjusted property EBITDA to measure the operating performance of our Altira Macau, City of Dreams and Mocha Clubs businesses, and to compare the operating performance of our properties with those of our competitors. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted property EBITDA are also presented as supplemental disclosures because management believes they are widely used to measure performance and as a basis for valuation of gaming companies. Our management also uses adjusted property EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA because they are used by some investors as a way to measure a companys ability to incur and service debt, make capital expenditures and meet working capital requirements. Gaming companies have historically reported similar measures as a supplement to financial measures in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, in particular, U.S. GAAP or International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS. |
However, adjusted property EBITDA or adjusted EBITDA should not be considered in isolation, construed as an alternative to profit or operating profit, treated as an indicator of our U.S. GAAP operating performance, other operating operations or cash flow data, or interpreted as an alternative to cash flow as a measure of liquidity. Adjusted property EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA presented in this prospectus may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies operating in the gaming or other business sectors. While our management believes these figures may provide useful additional information to investors when considered in conjunction with our U.S. GAAP financial statements and other information in this prospectus, less reliance should be placed on adjusted property EBITDA or adjusted EBITDA as a measure in assessing our overall financial performance.
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The following reconciles adjusted property EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA to net (loss) income for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011:
Year Ended December 31, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands of US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted property EBITDA |
188,269 | 95,784 | 489,848 | 185,924 | 372,873 | |||||||||||||||
Corporate and other expenses |
(31,244 | ) | (40,028 | ) | (59,489 | ) | (25,595 | ) | (35,277 | ) | ||||||||||
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Adjusted EBITDA |
157,025 | 55,756 | 430,359 | 160,329 | 337,596 | |||||||||||||||
Pre-opening costs |
(21,821 | ) | (91,882 | ) | (18,648 | ) | (6,982 | ) | (1,285 | ) | ||||||||||
Development costs |
| | | | (1,110 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
(126,885 | ) | (217,496 | ) | (313,065 | ) | (152,112 | ) | (166,518 | ) | ||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
(6,855 | ) | (11,385 | ) | (6,043 | ) | (2,503 | ) | (3,856 | ) | ||||||||||
Property charges and others |
(290 | ) | (7,040 | ) | (91 | ) | 34 | (1,025 | ) | |||||||||||
Interest and other non-operating expenses, net |
(5,107 | ) | (36,546 | ) | (102,117 | ) | (41,484 | ) | (89,925 | ) | ||||||||||
Income tax credit (expense) |
1,470 | 132 | (920 | ) | 143 | (69 | ) | |||||||||||||
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Net (loss) income |
(2,463 | ) | (308,461 | ) | (10,525 | ) | (42,575 | ) | 73,808 | |||||||||||
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The table below sets forth our rolling chip volume, non-rolling chip volume, gaming machine handle and hold percentages for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011.
Year Ended December 31, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
(in millions of US$, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Altira Macau |
||||||||||||||||||||
Non-rolling chip volume |
353.2 | 273.0 | 377.1 | 147.6 | 287.3 | |||||||||||||||
Non-rolling chip hold percentage |
14.6 | % | 16.0 | % | 16.2 | % | 16.6 | % | 16.7 | % | ||||||||||
Rolling chip volume |
62,331.9 | 37,510.3 | 40,266.4 | 19,372.0 | 25,913.5 | |||||||||||||||
Rolling chip hold percentage |
2.85 | % | 2.55 | % | 2.91 | % | 3.01 | % | 2.96 | % | ||||||||||
Gaming machine handle |
166.9 | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Gaming machine hold percentage |
8.0 | % | | | | | ||||||||||||||
City of Dreams |
||||||||||||||||||||
Non-rolling chip volume |
| 912.6 | 2,059.4 | 963.1 | 1,397.5 | |||||||||||||||
Non-rolling chip hold percentage |
| 16.3 | % | 21.5 | % | 21.2 | % | 23.1 | % | |||||||||||
Rolling chip volume |
| 20,273.1 | 51,723.4 | 21,971.3 | 38,134.8 | |||||||||||||||
Rolling chip hold percentage |
| 2.65 | % | 2.92 | % | 2.60 | % | 2.69 | % | |||||||||||
Gaming machine handle |
| 738.1 | 1,849.9 | 899.1 | 1,080.2 | |||||||||||||||
Gaming machine hold percentage |
| 5.1 | % | 5.6 | % | 5.4 | % | 6.2 | % | |||||||||||
Mocha Clubs |
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Gaming machine handle |
2,064.5 | 2,179.1 | 2,625.8 | 1,253.4 | 1,458.8 | |||||||||||||||
Gaming machine hold percentage |
4.4 | % | 4.4 | % | 4.2 | % | 4.2 | % | 4.5 | % |
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The table below sets forth our average daily rate, occupancy rate and revenue per available room for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011.
Year Ended December 31, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
(in US$, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Altira Macau |
||||||||||||||||||||
Average daily rate |
236 | 219 | 166 | 166 | 198 | |||||||||||||||
Occupancy rate |
94 | % | 92 | % | 94 | % | 92 | % | 97 | % | ||||||||||
Revenue per available room |
222 | 201 | 156 | 153 | 192 | |||||||||||||||
City of Dreams |
||||||||||||||||||||
Average daily rate |
| 159 | 157 | 152 | 170 | |||||||||||||||
Occupancy rate |
| 84 | % | 80 | % | 78 | % | 89 | % | |||||||||||
Revenue per available room |
| 133 | 126 | 118 | 151 |
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You should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties described below, together with the other information contained in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement, including the documents incorporated by reference, before investing in any securities that may be offered pursuant to this prospectus. Any of the following risks could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations if they actually occur. In any such case, the market price of our ADSs could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.
Risks Relating to Our Business and Operations in Macau
We have a short operating history, and so we are subject to significant risks and uncertainties. Our short operating history may not serve as an adequate basis to judge our future operating results and prospects.
In significant respects, we remain in an early phase of our business operations and there is limited historical information available about our company upon which you can base your evaluation of our business and prospects. In particular, City of Dreams, which contributed 62.7% of our total net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2011, commenced operations on June 1, 2009, and progressively added to its operations with the opening of Grand Hyatt Macau in the fourth quarter of 2009 and the opening of The House of Dancing Water in the third quarter of 2010. The City of Dreams site is still under on-going development. Melco Crown Gaming acquired its subconcession in September 2006 and previously did not have any direct experience operating casinos in Macau. As a result, you should consider our business and prospects in light of the risks, expenses and challenges that we will face given our limited experience operating gaming businesses in an intensely competitive market. Among other things, we have continuing obligations to satisfy and comply with conditions and covenants under our existing credit facilities so as to be able to continue to roll over existing revolving loans drawn down under the facilities and to maintain the facilities.
We may encounter risks and difficulties frequently experienced by companies with early stage operations, and those risks and difficulties may be heightened in a rapidly developing market such as the gaming market in Macau. Some of the risks relate to our ability to:
| fulfill conditions precedent to draw down or roll over funds from current and future credit facilities; |
| comply with covenants under the Senior Notes (comprising the Initial Notes and the Exchange Notes), the RMB Bonds and credit facilities; |
| raise additional capital, as required; |
| respond to changing financing requirements; |
| operate, support, expand and develop our operations and our facilities; |
| attract and retain customers and qualified employees; |
| maintain effective control of our operating costs and expenses; |
| maintain internal personnel, systems, controls and procedures to assure compliance with the extensive regulatory requirements applicable to the gaming business as well as regulatory compliance as a public company; |
| respond to competitive market conditions; |
| respond to changes in our regulatory environment; |
| identify suitable locations and enter into new leases or right to use agreements (which are similar to license agreements) for new Mocha Clubs; and |
| renew or extend lease agreements for existing Mocha Clubs. |
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If we are unable to complete any of these tasks, we may be unable to operate our businesses in the manner we contemplate and generate revenues from such projects in the amounts and by the times we anticipate. We may also be unable to meet the conditions to draw on our existing or future financing facilities in order to fund various activities or may suffer a default under our existing or future financing facilities. If any of these events were to occur, it would cause a material adverse effect on our business and prospects, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.
We are dependent upon a limited number of properties for a substantial portion of our cash flow, we are and will be subject to greater risks than a gaming company with more operating properties.
We are primarily dependent upon City of Dreams, Altira Macau and Mocha Clubs for our cash flow. We acquired a 60% equity interest in, and a shareholder loan extended to, the developer of the Studio City Project on July 27, 2011. We intend to jointly develop this large scale integrated entertainment, retail and gaming resort with New Cotai Holdings, LLC, a company incorporated in Nevada, or New Cotai, LLC. The Studio City Project is not scheduled to commence operations until approximately 36 months from commencement of construction, which is currently expected in the first half of 2012 subject to receipt of all necessary government approvals and financing. Given that our operations are and will be conducted based on a small number of principal properties, we are and will be subject to greater risks than a gaming company with more operating properties due to the limited diversification of our businesses and sources of revenue.
Servicing our debt requires a significant amount of cash, and we may not generate a sufficient level of cash flow from our businesses to make scheduled payments on our debt.
Our ability to make scheduled payments of the principal of, to pay interest on or to refinance our indebtedness depends on our future performance, which is subject to certain economic, financial, competitive and other factors beyond our control. For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010, our earnings were insufficient to cover fixed charges. We may not generate cash flow from operations in the future sufficient to service our debt or make necessary capital repayments. If we are unable to generate such cash flow, we may be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as selling assets, restructuring debt, incurring additional indebtedness or obtaining additional equity capital on terms that may be onerous or highly dilutive. Our ability to refinance our indebtedness will depend on the financial markets and our financial condition at such time. We may not be able to engage in any of these activities or engage in these activities on desirable terms, which could result in a default on our debt obligations and a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of our operations.
Our business depends substantially on the continuing efforts of our senior management, and our business may be severely disrupted if we lose their services.
We place substantial reliance on the gaming, project development and hospitality industry experience and knowledge of the Macau market possessed by members of our senior management team, including our co-chairman and chief executive officer, Mr. Lawrence Ho. The loss of the services of one or more members of our senior management team could hinder our ability to effectively manage our business and implement our growth and development strategies. Finding suitable replacements for Mr. Lawrence Ho or other members of our senior management could be difficult, and competition for personnel of similar experience could be intense in Macau. In addition, we do not currently carry key person insurance on any members of our senior management team.
The success of our business may depend on our ability to attract and retain adequate qualified personnel. A limited labor supply and increased competition could cause labor costs to increase.
The pool of experienced gaming and other skilled and unskilled personnel in Macau is limited. Many of our new personnel occupy sensitive positions requiring qualifications sufficient to meet gaming regulatory and other requirements or are required to possess other skills for which substantial training and experience are needed.
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Moreover, competition to recruit and retain qualified gaming and other personnel is expected to continue, as well as our demand for qualified personnel. In addition, we are not currently allowed under Macau government policy to hire non-Macau resident dealers, croupiers and supervisors.
We cannot assure you that we will be able to attract and retain a sufficient number of qualified individuals to operate our properties or that costs to recruit and retain such personnel will not increase significantly. The inability to attract and retain qualified employees and operational management personnel could have a material adverse effect on our business. Further, the Macau government is currently enforcing a labor policy pursuant to which the ratio of local to foreign workers that may be recruited for construction works shall have to be 1:1. At our stage of development and operation, the impact of this policy is relatively minimal. This could have a material adverse effect on our ability to complete future works on our properties, for example, the Studio City Project, or the next phase of development at City of Dreams. Moreover, if the Macau government enforces similar restrictive ratios in other areas, such as the gaming, hotel and entertainment industries, this could have a materially adverse effect on the operation of our properties.
Our insurance coverage may not be adequate to cover all losses that we may suffer from our operations. In addition, our insurance costs may increase or we may not be able to obtain similar insurance coverage in the future.
We currently have various insurance policies providing coverage typically required by gaming and hospitality operations in Macau. Such coverage includes property damage, business interruption and general liability. These insurance policies provide coverage that is subject to policy terms, conditions and limits. There is no assurance that we will be able to renew such insurance coverage on equivalent premium cost, terms, conditions and limits upon policy renewals. The cost of coverage may in the future become so high that we may be unable to obtain the insurance policies we deem necessary for the operation of our projects on commercially practicable terms, or at all, or we may need to reduce our policy limits or agree to certain exclusions from our coverage.
We cannot assure you that any such insurance policies we may obtain will be adequate to protect us from material losses. For example, our property insurance coverage is in an amount that may be less than the expected full replacement cost of rebuilding properties if there was a total loss. If we incur loss, damage or liability for amounts exceeding the limits of our current or future insurance coverage, or for claims outside the scope of our current or future insurance coverage, our financial conditions and business operations could be materially and adversely affected. For example, certain casualty events, such as labor strikes, nuclear events, acts of war, loss of income due to cancellation of conventions or room reservations arising from fear of terrorism, contagious or infectious disease, deterioration or corrosion, insect or animal damage and pollution may not be covered under our policies. As a result, certain acts and events could expose us to significant uninsured losses. In addition to the damages caused directly by a casualty loss such as fire or natural disasters, we may suffer a disruption of our business as a result of these events or be subject to claims by third parties who may be injured or harmed. While we currently carry business interruption insurance and general liability insurance, such insurance may not, in the future, be available on commercially reasonable terms, or at all, and, in any event, may not be adequate to cover all losses that may result from such events.
There is limited available insurance in Macau and our insurers in Macau may need to secure reinsurance in order to provide adequate cover for our property and development projects. Our credit agreements, the subconcession contract, the indenture governing the Senior Notes and certain other material agreements require a certain level of insurance to be maintained, which must be obtained in Macau unless otherwise authorized by the Macau government. Failure to maintain adequate coverage could be an event of default under our credit agreements or the subconcession contract and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operations and results of cash flows.
27
Conducting business in Macau has certain political and economic risks that may lead to significant volatility and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
All of our operations are in Macau. Accordingly, our business development plans, results of operations and financial condition may be materially adversely affected by significant political, social and economic developments in Macau and China and by changes in government policies or changes in laws and regulations or the interpretations of these laws and regulations. In particular, our operating results may be adversely affected by:
| changes in Macaus and Chinas political, economic and social conditions; |
| tightening of travel restrictions to Macau which may be imposed by China; |
| changes in policies of the government or changes in laws and regulations, or in the interpretation or enforcement of these laws and regulations, particularly exchange control regulations, and repatriation of capital or measures to control inflation; |
| measures that may be introduced to control inflation, such as interest rate increases or bank account withdrawal controls; and |
| changes in the rate or method of taxation. |
Our operations in Macau are also exposed to the risk of changes in laws and policies that govern operations of Macau-based companies. Tax laws and regulations may also be subject to amendment or different interpretation and implementation, thereby adversely affecting our profitability after tax. Further, certain terms of our gaming subconcession may be subject to renegotiations with the Macau government in the future, including amounts we will be obligated to pay the Macau government in order to continue operations. Melco Crown Gamings obligations to make certain payments to the Macau government under the terms of its subconcession include a fixed annual premium per year and a variable premium depending on the number and type of gaming tables and gaming machines that we operate. The results of any renegotiations could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
We acquired a 60% equity interest in, and a shareholder loan extended to, the developer of the Studio City Project on July 27, 2011. We intend to jointly develop this large scale integrated entertainment, retail and gaming resort with New Cotai, LLC. The Studio City Project has an existing land grant but certain terms of our operations are subject to the approval of the Macau government.
As we expect a significant number of patrons to come to our properties from China, general economic conditions and policies in China could have a significant impact on our financial prospects. A slowdown in economic growth and tightening of credit availability or restrictions on travel imposed by China could adversely impact the number of visitors from China to our properties in Macau as well as the amounts they are willing to spend in our casinos, which could have a material adverse effect on the results of our operations and financial condition. In addition, in the event of an economic downturn, visitors to Macau from China may decrease, as well as the amounts they are willing to spend in our casinos, which could have a material adverse effect on the financial performance of our business.
The winnings of our patrons could exceed our casino winnings at particular times during our operations.
Our revenues are mainly derived from the difference between our casino winnings and the winnings of our casino patrons. Since there is an inherent element of chance in the gaming industry, we do not have full control over our winnings or the winnings of our casino patrons. If the winnings of our patrons exceed our casino winnings, we may record a loss from our gaming operations over a specific period, and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
28
Win rates for our casino operations depend on a variety of factors, some beyond our control, which, at particular times, adversely impact our results of operations.
In addition to the element of chance, theoretical win rates are also affected by other factors, including players skill and experience, the mix of games played, the financial resources of players, the spread of table limits, the volume of bets placed by our players and the amount of time players spend on gambling thus our actual win rates may differ greatly over short time periods, such as from quarter to quarter, and could cause our quarterly results to be volatile. Each of these factors, alone or in combination, have the potential to negatively impact our win rates, and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Our gaming business is subject to the risk of cheating and counterfeiting.
All gaming activities at our table games are conducted exclusively with gaming chips which, like real currency, are subject to the risk of alteration and counterfeiting. We incorporate a variety of security and anti-counterfeit features to detect altered or counterfeit gaming chips. Despite such security features, unauthorized parties may try to copy our gaming chips and introduce, use and cash in altered or counterfeit gaming chips in our gaming areas. Any negative publicity arising from such incidents could also tarnish our reputation and may result in a decline in our business, financial condition and results of operation.
Our existing surveillance and security systems, designed to detect cheating at our casino operations, may not be able to detect all such cheating in time or at all, particularly if patrons collude with our employees. In addition, our gaming promoters or other persons could, without our knowledge, enter into betting arrangements directly with our casino patrons on the outcomes of our games of chance, thus depriving us of revenues.
Our operations are reviewed to detect and prevent cheating. Each game has a theoretical win rate and statistics are examined with these in mind. Cheating may give rise to negative publicity and such action may materially affect our business, financial condition, operations and cash flows.
Because we depend upon our properties in Macau for all of our cash flow, we will be subject to greater risks than a gaming company that operates in more than one market.
We are and will be primarily dependent upon City of Dreams, Altira Macau and Mocha Clubs for our cash flow. Following construction and commencement of operations, the Studio City Project will also contribute to cash flows. Our current operations are and are expected to be conducted only at properties in Macau, so we will be subject to greater risks than a gaming company with operating properties in several markets. These risks include:
| dependence on the gaming and leisure market in Macau and limited diversification of our businesses and sources of revenue; |
| a decline in economic, competitive and political conditions in Macau or generally in Asia; |
| inaccessibility to Macau due to inclement weather, road construction or closure of primary access routes; |
| a decline in air or ferry passenger traffic to Macau due to higher ticket costs, fears concerning travel or otherwise; |
| travel restrictions to Macau imposed now or in the future by China; |
| changes in Macau governmental laws and regulations, or interpretations thereof, including gaming laws and regulations; |
| natural and other disasters, including typhoons, outbreaks of infectious diseases or terrorism, affecting Macau; |
| that the number of visitors to Macau does not increase at the rate that we have expected; |
29
| relaxation of regulations on gaming laws in other regional economies that would compete with the Macau market; and |
| a decrease in gaming activities at our properties. |
Any of these conditions or events could have a material adverse effect on our business, cash flows, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
Our gaming operations could be adversely affected by restrictions on the export of the Renminbi and limitations of the Pataca exchange markets.
Gaming operators in Macau are currently prohibited from accepting wagers in Renminbi, the currency of China. There are currently restrictions on the export of the Renminbi outside of mainland China, including to Macau. For example, Chinese traveling abroad are only allowed to take a total of RMB20,000 plus the equivalent of up to US$5,000 out of China. Restrictions on the export of the Renminbi may impede the flow of gaming customers from China to Macau, inhibit the growth of gaming in Macau and negatively impact our operations. Our revenues in Macau are denominated in HK dollars and Patacas, the legal currency of Macau. Any depegging may result in volatile fluctuations in the exchange rates for these currencies.
The currency market for Patacas is relatively small and undeveloped and therefore our ability to convert large amounts of Patacas into U.S. dollars over a relatively short period of time may be limited. As a result, we may experience difficulty in converting Patacas into U.S. dollars, which could hinder our ability to service a portion of our indebtedness and certain expenses denominated in U.S. dollars.
Terrorism and the uncertainty of war, economic downturns and other factors affecting discretionary consumer spending and leisure travel may reduce visitation to Macau and harm our operating results.
The strength and profitability of our business depends on consumer demand for casino resorts and leisure travel in general. Changes in Asian consumer preferences or discretionary consumer spending could harm our business. Terrorist acts could have a negative impact on international travel and leisure expenditures, including lodging, gaming and tourism. We cannot predict the extent to which future terrorist acts may affect us, directly or indirectly. In addition to fears of war and future acts of terrorism, other factors affecting discretionary consumer spending, including general economic conditions, amounts of disposable consumer income, fears of recession and lack of consumer confidence in the economy, may negatively impact our business. Consumer demand for hotel, casino resorts and the type of luxury amenities we currently offer and plan to offer in the future are highly sensitive to downturns in the economy. An extended period of reduced discretionary spending and/or disruptions or declines in airline travel could significantly harm our operations.
An outbreak of the highly pathogenic avian influenza caused by the H5N1 virus (avian flu or bird flu), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, or SARS, or H1N1 virus (swine flu) or other contagious disease may have an adverse effect on the economies of certain Asian countries and may adversely affect our results of operations.
During 2004, large parts of Asia experienced unprecedented outbreaks of avian flu which, according to a report of the World Health Organization, or WHO, in 2004, placed the world at risk of an influenza pandemic with high mortality and social and economic disruption. As of June 22, 2011, the WHO confirmed a total of 329 fatalities in a total number of 562 cases reported to the WHO, which only reports laboratory confirmed cases of avian flu since 2003. In particular, Guangdong Province, PRC, which is located across the Zhuhai Border from Macau, has confirmed several cases of avian flu. Currently, fully effective avian flu vaccines have not been developed and there is evidence that the H5N1 virus is evolving so there can be no assurance that an effective vaccine can be discovered in time to protect against the potential avian flu pandemic. In the first half of 2003, certain countries in Asia experienced an outbreak of SARS, a highly contagious form of atypical pneumonia, which seriously interrupted economic activities and caused the demand for goods and services to plummet in the affected regions.
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In April 2009, there was an outbreak of the Influenza A (H1N1) virus which originated in Mexico but has since spread globally including confirmed reports in Indonesia, Hong Kong, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, and elsewhere in Asia. More recently, the Influenza A (H1N1) virus have been detected in Africa and Asia. Human infections have been reported to WHO from Cambodia, Hong Kong, Egypt and Indonesia. Indonesia also recently confirmed its first Influenza A (H1N1) linked death. The Influenza A (H1N1) virus is believed to be highly contagious and may not be easily contained. There can be no assurance that an outbreak of avian flu, SARS, H1N1 (swine flu) or other contagious disease or the measures taken by the governments of affected countries against such potential outbreaks, will not seriously interrupt our gaming operations or visitation to Macau, which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. The perception that an outbreak of avian flu, SARS or other contagious disease may occur again may also have an adverse effect on the economic conditions of countries in Asia.
Macau is susceptible to severe typhoons that may disrupt our operations.
Macau is susceptible to severe typhoons. Macau consists of a peninsula and two islands off the coast of mainland China. In the event of a major typhoon or other natural disaster in Macau, our properties and business may be severely disrupted and our results of operations could be adversely affected.
Any fluctuation in the value of the HK dollar, U.S. dollar or Pataca may adversely affect our indebtedness, expenses and profitability.
Although the majority of our revenues are denominated in HK dollars, our expenses are denominated predominantly in Patacas. In addition, a significant portion of our indebtedness and certain expenses is denominated in U.S. dollars, and the costs associated with servicing and repaying such debt will be denominated in U.S. dollars. The value of the HK dollar and Patacas against the U.S. dollar may fluctuate and may be affected by, among other things, changes in political and economic conditions. To date we have not engaged in hedging transactions with respect to foreign exchange exposure of our revenues and expenses in our day-to-day operations. Instead, we maintain a certain amount of our operating funds in the same currencies in which we have obligations, thereby reducing our exposure to currency fluctuations. However, we occasionally enter into foreign exchange transactions as part of financing transactions and capital expenditure. We will consider our overall policy on hedging for foreign exchange risk from time to time. Any significant fluctuations in the exchange rates between HK dollars or Patacas to U.S. dollars may have a material adverse effect on our revenues and financial condition. For example, to the extent that we are required to convert U.S. dollar financings into HK dollars or Patacas for our operations, fluctuations in the exchange rates between HK dollars or Patacas against the U.S. dollar could have an adverse effect on the amounts we receive from the conversion.
All our future construction projects, including the next phase of City of Dreams and the Studio City Project, will be subject to significant development and construction risks, which could have a material adverse impact on related project timetables, costs and our ability to complete the projects.
All our future construction projects will be subject to a number of risks, including:
| lack of sufficient, or delays in availability of, financing; |
| changes to plans and specifications; |
| engineering problems, including defective plans and specifications; |
| shortages of, and price increases in, energy, materials and skilled and unskilled labor, and inflation in key supply markets; |
| delays in obtaining or inability to obtain necessary permits, licenses and approvals; |
| changes in laws and regulations, or in the interpretation and enforcement of laws and regulations, applicable to gaming, leisure, residential, real estate development or construction projects; |
| labor disputes or work stoppages; |
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| disputes with and defaults by contractors and subcontractors; |
| personal injuries to workers and other persons; |
| environmental, health and safety issues, including site accidents and the spread of viruses such as H1N1 or H5N1; |
| weather interferences or delays; |
| fires, typhoons and other natural disasters; |
| geological, construction, excavation, regulatory and equipment problems; and |
| other unanticipated circumstances or cost increases. |
The occurrence of any of these development and construction risks could increase the total costs, delay or prevent the construction or opening or otherwise affect the design and features of any future construction projects which we might undertake. We cannot guarantee that our construction costs or total project costs for future projects will not increase beyond amounts initially budgeted.
The Macau government has recently published for public consultation the proposed changes to Law no. 6/80/M of July 5, 1980, or the Land Law. Under the proposed changes to the Land Law the grant of land plots under lease shall be mandatorily subject to public tender unless the land grant is for housing civil servants or is based on public interest such as: (i) development of non-profitable activities in the education, cultural, health or sports fields; (ii) construction of public utility facilities; (iii) promotion of the diversification of the Macau industrial structure; or (iv) participation in the urban construction plans promoted by the Macau government.
Moreover, amendments to the purpose of land lease agreements of land grants which remain provisional, such as the City of Dreams and Altira Macau land grants, shall not be permitted until such land grants become definitive with completion of the development of the properties (except for changes required under any change of the applicable government urban planning).
The occurrence of any of these development and construction risks could increase the total costs, delay or prevent the construction or opening or otherwise affect the design and features of any future construction projects which we might undertake to complete. We cannot guarantee that our construction costs or total project costs for future projects will not increase beyond amounts initially budgeted.
We could encounter substantial cost increases or delays in the development of our projects, including the next phase of City of Dreams and the Studio City Project, which could prevent or delay the opening of such projects.
We have certain projects under development or intended to be developed pursuant to our expansion plan, including the next phase of City of Dreams and the Studio City Project. The completion of these projects is subject to a number of contingencies, such as those mentioned above in the risk factor on development and construction risks including, in particular, adverse developments in applicable legislation, delays or failures in obtaining necessary government concessions, licenses, permits or approvals. The occurrence of any of these developments could increase the total costs or delay or prevent the construction or opening of new projects, which could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. We will also require additional financing to develop our projects. Our ability to obtain such financing depends on a number of factors beyond our control, including market conditions, investors and lenders perceptions of, and demand for, debt and equity securities of gaming companies, credit availability and interest rates.
There is no assurance that the actual construction costs related to our projects will not exceed the costs we have projected and budgeted. In addition, construction costs, particularly labor costs, are increasing in Macau and we believe that they are likely to continue to increase due to the significant increase in building activity and the
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ongoing labor shortage in Macau. Immigration and labor regulations in Macau may limit or restrict our contractors ability to obtain sufficient laborers from China to make up for any gaps in available labor in Macau and help reduce construction costs. Continuing increases in construction costs in Macau will increase the risk that construction will not be completed on time, within budget or at all, which could materially and adversely affect our business, cash flow, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
We have not yet entered into all of the definitive contracts necessary for the construction and development of the Studio City Project.
We cannot assure you that we will be able to enter into definitive contracts with contractors with sufficient skill, financial strength and experience on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. We may not be able to obtain guaranteed maximum price or fixed contract price terms on the various subcontractor construction contract changes for the next phase of City of Dreams or the Studio City Project, which could cause us to bear greater risks of cost overruns and construction delays. If we are unable to enter into satisfactory construction contracts for the next phase of City of Dreams or the Studio City Project, or are unable to closely control the construction costs and timetables for these projects, our business, financial condition and prospects may be materially and adversely affected.
We are planning to develop the Studio City Project on a plot of land for which the development period has elapsed and for which we have not yet obtained the final approval of the Macau government for the amendment of the land concession on terms acceptable to us. If we do not obtain the extension of the development period and approval for the amendment of the land concession on terms acceptable to us, we could forfeit all or part of our investment in the Studio City Project and would not be able to open and operate that facility as planned.
Land concessions in Macau are issued by the Macau government and generally have a term of 25 years, which is renewable for further consecutive periods of up to 10 years in accordance with applicable law. The development period is typically set out in the contract and failure to develop the land within such period may entail penalties and, ultimately, reversion of the land to the Macau government. The amendment of existing land concession contracts is subject to an administrative procedure, which encompasses the submission of an amendment request, the presentation of an initial amendment proposal and, subsequently, a final amendment proposal to the Macau government, the payment of additional premium and the publication of the amendments in the official gazette. MSC Desenvolvimentos Limitada, a company incorporated under the laws of Macau, or MSC Desenvolvimentos, is the lessee of the plot of land designated as Lots G300, G310 and G400 (Cotai), registered with the Macau Real Estate Property Registry under no. 23059, located at Zona de Aterro entre as Ilhas da Taipa e Coloane (Cotai), Macau SAR, pursuant to the land concession granted under order of the Secretary for Transport and Public Works no. 100/2001, published in the Macau Official Gazette no. 42, II Series, of October 17, 2001, or the MSC Land Grant Concession, free and clear of all liens and encumbrances. Since 2005, the MSC Land Grant Concession has been in the process of being amended. The latest formal draft amendment to the MSC Land Grant Concession issued by the Macau government is dated September 26, 2008, and was accepted by MSC Desenvolvimentos by a letter dated October 8, 2008 filed with the Macau government on October 14, 2008. The Macau government issued on August 29, 2011 a letter in which it informed MSC Desenvolvimentos that the land grant amendment process would resume on the basis of the letter dated September 26, 2008. However, the amendment procedure has yet to be completed and we cannot assure you that it will be completed on terms acceptable to us. If the amendment is not completed on terms satisfactory to us and, in particular, if the necessary extensions to the development period are not granted and if all payments required, namely additional premium, are not made by us, we may not be able to complete and operate the Studio City Project as planned and we could lose all or a substantial part of our investment in the Studio City Project, which would in turn have material and adverse effect on our business, financial position and prospects.
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Any simultaneous planning, design, construction and development of the next phase of City of Dreams and the Studio City Project may stretch our management time and resources, which could lead to delays, increased costs and other inefficiencies in the development of these projects.
We expect some portions of the planning, design and construction of the next phase of City of Dreams and the development of the Studio City Project to proceed simultaneously. There may be overlap of the planning, design, development and construction periods of these projects involving the need for intensive work on each of the projects. Members of our senior management will be involved in planning and developing both projects at the same time, in addition to overseeing our day-to-day operations. Our management may be unable to devote sufficient time and attention to our development and construction projects, as well as our operating properties, and that may delay the construction or opening of one or both of our projects, cause construction cost overruns or cause the performance of our operating properties to be lower than expected, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We may undertake mergers, acquisitions or strategic transactions that could result in operating difficulties and distraction from our current business.
We may in the future acquire or make investments in companies or projects to expand or complement our existing operations. From time to time, we engage in discussions and negotiations with companies regarding our acquiring or investing in such companies or projects. Even if we do identify suitable opportunities, we may not be able to make such acquisitions or investments on commercially acceptable terms, adequate financing may not be available on commercially acceptable terms, if at all, and we may not be able to consummate a proposed acquisition or investment. In addition, if we acquire or invest in another company or project, the integration process following the completion of such acquisition may prove more difficult than anticipated. We may be subject to liabilities or claims that we are not aware of at the time of the investment or acquisition, and we may not realize the benefits anticipated at the time of the investment or acquisition. These difficulties could disrupt our ongoing business, distract our management and employees, increase our expenses and adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.
Litigation, disputes and regulatory investigations may adversely affect our profitability and financial condition.
We are, and may be in the future, subject to legal actions, disputes and regulatory investigations in the ordinary course of our business. For instance, if we are unsuccessful in defending our subsidiary against certain claims alleging that it received misappropriated or misapplied funds, this may require further improvements to our existing AML procedures, systems and controls and our business operations may be subject to greater scrutiny from relevant regulatory authorities, all of which may increase our compliance costs. No assurance can be provided that any provisions we have made for such matters will be sufficient. Our results of operations or cash flows may be adversely affected by an unfavorable resolution of any pending or future litigation, disputes and regulatory investigation.
Risks Relating to the Gaming Industry in Macau
We face intense competition in Macau and elsewhere in Asia. We may not be able to compete successfully and may lose or be unable to gain market share.
The hotel, resort and casino businesses are highly competitive. Our competitors in Macau and elsewhere in Asia include many of the largest gaming, hospitality, leisure and resort companies in the world. Some of these current and future competitors are larger than we are and may have more diversified resources and greater access to capital to support their developments and operations in Macau and elsewhere. See Business Competition.
We also compete to some extent with casinos located in other countries, such as Malaysia, South Korea, the Philippines, Cambodia, Australia, New Zealand and elsewhere in the world, including Las Vegas and Atlantic
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City in the United States. In addition, certain countries, such as Singapore have legalized casino gaming and others may in the future legalize casino gaming, including Japan, Taiwan and Thailand. Singapore awarded a casino license to Las Vegas Sands and a second casino license to the Genting Group in 2006. The Genting Group opened its casino in February 2010 and Las Vegas Sands opened its casino in April 2010. We also compete with cruise ships operating out of Hong Kong and other areas of Asia that offer gaming. The proliferation of gaming venues in Southeast Asia could also significantly and adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Currently, Macau is the only region in China offering legal casino gaming. There may be casinos in parts of mainland China that are operated illegally and without licenses. Competition from illegal casinos in mainland China could adversely affect our business, cash flow, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.
Our regional competitors also include Crowns Crown Entertainment Complex in Melbourne, Australia and Burswood Entertainment Complex in Perth, Australia and other casino resorts that Melco and Crown may develop elsewhere in Asia outside Macau. Melco and Crown may develop different interests and strategies for projects in Asia under their joint venture which conflict with the interests of our business in Macau or otherwise compete with us for Asian gaming and leisure customers. See Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure and Ownership.
The Macau government could grant additional rights to conduct gaming in the future, which could significantly increase competition in Macau and cause us to lose or be unable to gain market share.
Melco Crown Gaming is one of six companies authorized by the Macau government to operate gaming activities in Macau. Pursuant to the terms of Macau Law No. 16/2001, or the Gaming Law, the Macau government is precluded from granting more than three gaming concessions. The Macau government has announced that until further assessment of the economic situation in Macau there will not be any increase in the number of concessions or subconcessions. However, the policies and laws of the Macau government could change and the Macau government could grant additional concessions or subconcessions, and we could face additional competition which could significantly increase the competition in Macau and cause us to lose or be unable to maintain or gain market share.
Gaming is a highly regulated industry in Macau and adverse changes or developments in gaming laws or regulations could be difficult to comply with or significantly increase our costs, which could cause our projects to be unsuccessful.
Gaming is a highly regulated industry in Macau. Current laws, such as licensing requirements, tax rates and other regulatory obligations, including those for AML, could change or become more stringent resulting in additional regulations being imposed upon the gaming operations in the Altira Macau casino, the City of Dreams casino, the Mocha Clubs and other future projects including the Studio City Project and any other locations we may operate from time to time. Any such adverse developments in the regulation of the gaming industry could be difficult to comply with and could significantly increase our costs, which could cause our projects to be unsuccessful.
In September 2009, the Macau government set a cap on commission payments to gaming promoters, including allowances, of 1.25% of rolling chip volume. This policy, which is being enforced as of December 2009, may limit our ability to develop successful relationships with gaming promoters and attract rolling chip patrons. Any failure to comply with these regulations may result in the imposition of liabilities, fines and other penalties and may materially and adversely affect our gaming subconcession.
The Macau government has also recently approved smoking control legislation, which will prohibit smoking in casinos from January 1, 2013. The legislation however permits casinos to maintain designated smoking areas of up to 50% of their gaming areas which must be created on or before January 1, 2013. The Macau government is currently considering raising the minimum age required for the entrance in casinos in Macau from 18 years of
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age to 21 years of age. As far as employment is concerned, it is proposed that employees shall maintain their positions while in the process of reaching the minimum required age and it is further proposed that the director of the DICJ may authorize employees under 21 years of age to temporarily enter the casino when deemed required taking into consideration special technical qualifications. If implemented, this could adversely affect our ability to engage sufficient staff for the operation of our projects.
On March 2010, the Macau government announced that the number of gaming tables operating in Macau should not exceed 5,500 until the end of the first quarter of 2013. According to the DICJ, the number of gaming tables in Macau as of June 30, 2011, was 5,237. On September 19, 2011, the Secretary for Economy and Finance of the Macau government announced that for a period of 10 years from 2013, the total number of gaming tables to be authorized in Macau will be limited to an annual increase of 3%. This restriction may adversely affect the future expansion of our business. For instance, such a limit could inhibit our ability to develop and expand any gaming areas at the Studio City Project. These restrictions are of non-statutory nature and different policies, including on the annual increase rate in the number of gaming tables, may be adopted at any time by the relevant Macau government authorities. Also, the Macau government announced on April 22, 2008 that it intends to restrict the ability of operators to open slot lounges, such as our Mocha Clubs, in residential areas. This policy may limit our ability to find new sites or maintain existing sites for the operation of our Mocha Clubs. We currently only have one Mocha Club, Marina Plaza, in an area that may be considered to be a residential area. There is currently no formal definition of residential and non-residential areas and this is a matter subject to the determination of the Macau government. To date, the Macau government has not issued any formal specific instructions for Melco Crown Gaming to close or relocate such Mocha Club. If Melco Crown Gaming were to receive specific instructions from the Macau government, we intend that it complies with the Macau governments instructions.
Current Macau laws and regulations concerning gaming and gaming concessions and matters such as prevention of money laundering are, for the most part, fairly recent and there is little precedent on the interpretation of these laws and regulations. These laws and regulations are complex and a court or an administrative or regulatory body may in the future render an interpretation of these laws and regulations or issue new or modified regulations that differ from our interpretation, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
Our activities in Macau are subject to administrative review and approval by various agencies of the Macau government. For example, our activities are subject to the administrative review and approval by the DICJ, the Health Department, Labor Bureau, Land, Public Works and Transport Bureau, Fire Department, Finance Department and the Macau Government Tourism Office. We cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain all necessary approvals, which may materially affect our business and operations. Macau law permits redress to the courts with respect to administrative actions. However, such redress is largely untested in relation to gaming regulatory issues.
The harshest penalty that may be imposed on us for failure to comply with the complex legal and regulatory regime in Macau is revocation of the subconcession. Under the subconcession, the Macau government has the right to unilaterally terminate the subconcession in the event of non-compliance by Melco Crown Gaming with its basic obligations under the subconcession and applicable Macau laws. If such a termination were to occur, Melco Crown Gaming would be unable to operate casino gaming in Macau. We would also be unable to recover the US$900 million consideration paid to Wynn Macau for the issue of the subconcession. For a list of termination events, please see Regulations The Subconcession The Subconcession Contract Termination Rights. These events could lead to the termination of Melco Crown Gamings subconcession without compensation to Melco Crown Gaming. In many of these instances, the subconcession contract does not provide a specific cure period within which any such events may be cured and, instead, we would rely on consultations and negotiations with the Macau government to remedy any such violation.
Based on information from the Macau government, proposed amendments to the legislation with regard to reversion of casino premises are being considered. We expect that if such amendments take effect, on the expiry
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or any termination of Melco Crown Gamings subconcession, unless Melco Crown Gamings subconcession were extended, only that portion of casino premises within our developments as then designated with the approval of the Macau government, including all gaming equipment, would revert to the Macau government automatically without compensation to us. Until such amendments come into effect, all of our casino premises and gaming equipment would revert automatically without compensation to us.
The subconcession contract contains various general covenants, obligations and other provisions as to which the determination of compliance is subjective. For example, compliance with general and special duties of cooperation, special duties of information, and with obligations foreseen for the execution of our investment plan may be subjective. We cannot assure you that we will perform such covenants in a way that satisfies the requirements of the Macau government and, accordingly, we will be dependent on our continuing communications and good faith negotiations with the Macau government to ensure that we are performing our obligations under the subconcession in a manner that would avoid any violations.
Under Melco Crown Gamings subconcession, the Macau government is allowed to request various changes in the plans and specifications of our Macau properties and to make various other decisions and determinations that may be binding on us. For example, the Chief Executive of the Macau SAR has the right to require that we increase Melco Crown Gamings share capital or that we provide certain deposits or other guarantees of performance with respect to the obligations of our Macau subsidiaries in any amount determined by the Macau government to be necessary. Melco Crown Gaming is limited in its ability to raise additional capital by the need to first obtain the approval of the Macau governmental authorities before raising certain debt or equity. Melco Crown Gamings ability to incur debt or raise equity may also be restricted by our existing and any future loan facilities. As a result, we cannot assure you that we will be able to comply with these requirements or any other requirements of the Macau government or with the other requirements and obligations imposed by the subconcession.
Furthermore, pursuant to the subconcession contract, we are obligated to comply not only with the terms of that agreement, but also with laws, regulations, rulings and orders that the Macau government might promulgate in the future. We cannot assure you that we will be able to comply with any such laws, regulations, rulings or orders or that any such laws, regulations, rulings or orders would not adversely affect our ability to construct or operate our Macau properties. If any disagreement arises between us and the Macau government regarding the interpretation of, or our compliance with, a provision of the subconcession contract, we will be relying on the consultation and negotiation process with the applicable Macau governmental agency described above. During any such consultation, however, we will be obligated to comply with the terms of the subconcession contract as interpreted by the Macau government.
Melco Crown Gamings failure to comply with the terms of its subconcession in a manner satisfactory to the Macau government could result in the termination of its subconcession. We cannot assure you that Melco Crown Gaming would always be able to operate gaming activities in a manner satisfactory to the Macau government. The loss of its subconcession would prohibit Melco Crown Gaming from conducting gaming operations in Macau, which would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows and could result in defaults under our indebtedness agreements and a partial or complete loss of our investments in our projects.
Currently, there is no precedent on how the Macau government will treat the termination of a concession or subconcession upon the occurrence of any of the circumstances mentioned above. Some of the laws and regulations summarized above have not yet been applied by the Macau government. Therefore, the scope and enforcement of the provisions of Macaus gaming regulatory system cannot be fully assessed at this time.
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Melco Crown Gamings subconcession contract expires in 2022 and if we were unable to secure an extension of its subconcession in 2022 or if the Macau government were to exercise its redemption right in 2017, we would be unable to operate casino gaming in Macau.
The subconcession contract expires on June 26, 2022. Unless it is extended beyond this date or legislation on reversion of casino premises is amended, all of our casino premises and gaming related equipment under Melco Crown Gamings subconcession will automatically be transferred to the Macau government without compensation and we will cease to generate revenues from such operations. Under the subconcession contract, beginning in 2017, the Macau government has the right to redeem the subconcession contract by providing us with at least one years prior notice. In the event the Macau government exercises this redemption right, we would be entitled to fair compensation or indemnity. The standards for the calculation of the amount of such compensation or indemnity would be determined based on the gross revenue generated by City of Dreams during the tax year immediately prior to the redemption, multiplied by the remaining term of the subconcession. We would not receive any further compensation (including for consideration paid to Wynn Macau for the subconcession). We cannot assure you that Melco Crown Gaming would be able to renew or extend the subconcession contract on terms favorable to us, or at all. We also cannot assure you that if the subconcession was redeemed, the compensation paid would be adequate to compensate us for the loss of future revenues.
Melco Crown Gamings tax exemption on complementary tax on income from gaming operations under the subconcession tax will expire in 2016, and we may not be able to extend it.
Companies in Macau are subject to complementary tax of up to 12% of taxable income, as defined in relevant tax laws, and gaming revenues are subject to a 35% special gaming tax as well other levies of 4% under the subconcession contract. The other levies are subject to change on renegotiation of the subconcession contract and as a result of any change in relevant laws. The Macau government granted to Melco Crown Gaming the benefit of a corporate tax holiday from complementary tax on gaming income in Macau from 2007 to 2011 and the exemption has been extended for five years from 2012 to 2016. However, we cannot assure you that it will be extended beyond the expiration date.
Macau tax laws prescribe that dividends distributed are subject to complementary tax at progressive rates of up to 12% of estimated taxable income over MOP300,000 if not already subject to complementary tax calculated over income.
The Macau government has granted to our subsidiary Altira Hotel a declaration of utility purposes benefit, pursuant to which it is entitled to a vehicle tax holiday on certain vehicles purchased, provided there is no change in use or disposal of such vehicles within five years from the date of purchase and a property tax holiday for a period of 12 years. Additionally, under the property tax holiday, the entity will also be allowed to double the maximum rates applicable regarding depreciation and reintegration for purposes of assessment of complementary tax for the same 12 year period. The Macau government has also granted to our subsidiary, Melco Crown (COD) Hotels Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Macau, or Melco Crown (COD) Hotels, a declaration of utility purposes benefit in respect of Hard Rock Hotel, pursuant to which it is entitled to a vehicle tax holiday on certain vehicles purchased, provided there is no change in use or disposal of such vehicles within five years from the date of purchase and a property tax holiday for a period of 12 years. Additionally, under the property tax holiday, this entity will also be allowed to double the maximum rates applicable regarding depreciation and reintegration for purposes of assessment of complementary tax for the same 12 year period. We have applied for the same tax holiday for Melco Crown (COD) Hotels in relation to Crown Towers Hotel, but we cannot assure you that it will be granted by the Macau government on as favorable terms, or at all.
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We extend credit to a portion of our customers, and we may not be able to collect gaming receivables from our credit customers.
We have conducted, and expect to continue to conduct, our table gaming activities at our casinos on a credit basis as well as a cash basis. This credit is often unsecured, as is customary in our industry. High-end patrons typically are extended more credit than patrons who wager lower amounts.
We may not be able to collect all of our gaming receivables from our credit customers. We expect that we will be able to enforce our gaming receivables only in a limited number of jurisdictions, including Macau and under certain circumstances, Hong Kong. As most of our gaming customers are visitors from other jurisdictions, principally Hong Kong and the PRC, we may not have access to a forum in which we will be able to collect all of our gaming receivables because, among other reasons, courts of many jurisdictions do not enforce gaming debts. We may encounter forums that will refuse to enforce such debts, or we may be unable to locate assets in other jurisdictions against which to seek recovery of gaming debts. The collectability of receivables from international customers could be negatively affected by future business or economic trends or by significant events in the countries in which these customers reside. We may also in given cases have to determine whether aggressive enforcement actions against a customer will unduly alienate the customer and cause the customer to cease playing at our casinos. We could suffer a material adverse impact on our operating results if receivables from our credit customers are deemed uncollectible. In addition, in the event a patron has been extended credit and has lost back to us the amount borrowed and the receivable from that patron is deemed uncollectible, Macau gaming tax will still be payable on the resulting gaming revenue, notwithstanding our uncollectible receivable. An estimated allowance for doubtful debts is maintained to reduce our receivables to their carrying amounts, which approximate fair values.
The current credit environment may limit availability of credit to gaming patrons and may negatively impact our revenue.
We conduct our table gaming activities at our casinos on a credit basis as well as a cash basis and our gaming promoters conduct their operations by extending credit to gaming patrons. The general economic downturn and turmoil in the financial markets have placed broad limitations on the availability of credit from credit sources as well as lengthening the recovery cycle of extended credit. Continued tightening of liquidity conditions in credit markets may constrain revenue generation and growth and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our business may face a higher level of volatility due to the current weighting of rolling chip in our revenue base.
A substantial proportion of our casino revenues is generated from the rolling chip segment of the gaming market. The revenues generated from the rolling chip segment of the gaming market are acutely volatile primarily due to high bets, and the resulting high winnings and losses. As a result, our business and results of operations and cash flows from operations may be more volatile from quarter to quarter than that of our competitors and may require higher levels of cage cash in reserve to manage this volatility.
We depend upon gaming promoters for a portion of our gaming revenue and if we are unable to establish, maintain and increase the number of successful relationships with gaming promoters, our ability to attract rolling chip patrons may be adversely affected.
Gaming promoters, who organize tours for rolling chip patrons to casinos in Macau, are responsible for a portion of our gaming revenues in Macau. With the rise in casino operations in Macau, the competition for relationships with gaming promoters has increased. As of June 30, 2011, we had agreements in place with approximately 79 gaming promoters. If we are unable to utilize and develop relationships with gaming promoters, our ability to grow our gaming revenues will be hampered and we will have to seek alternative ways
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to develop and maintain relationships with rolling chip patrons, which may not be as profitable as relationships developed through gaming promoters. As competition intensifies we may therefore need to offer better terms of business to gaming promoters, including extensions of credit, which may increase our overall credit exposure. If our gaming promoters are not able to maintain relationships with patrons, our ability to maintain or grow casino revenues may be adversely affected.
A cap on commission payments to gaming promoters, including any allowances, is set by the Macau government at 1.25% of rolling chip volume. This cap was introduced in September 2009 and has been enforced from December 2009 and has affected our gaming promoters and the level of their incentives but has thus far not materially affected our revenues. If, however, the Macau government further reduces the cap on the commission rates payable to gaming promoters to a level lower than the maximum 1.25% we are currently permitted to pay, gaming promoters incentives to bring travelers to our casinos would be further diminished, and certain of our gaming promoters may be forced to cease operations. If this were to happen, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.
Ama and the Individual Guarantor might not be able to repay to us the amounts outstanding under the settlement agreements, and, consequently, we may not be able to fully recover the amounts in debt by Ama towards us, in the approximate amount of HK$249.2 million, in the expected time or at all.
On March 23, 2010, Melco Crown Gaming initiated executory proceedings against Ama International Limited, or Ama, and Ms. Mei Huan Chen, an individual guarantor of Ama, or Individual Guarantor, for recovery of certain amounts outstanding and owed by Ama, a former gaming promoter for Altira Macau. Considering the existence of a reasonable risk that the Individual Guarantor would likely dissipate her assets prior to a judicial attachment being obtained, Melco Crown Gaming also filed on March 25, 2010 an injunction pursuant to which it obtained the seizure of a number of assets of the Individual Guarantor, which were subsequently attached. Other court proceedings were initiated by Melco Crown Gaming, Ama and the Individual Guarantor during the course of the above mentioned executory proceedings, as a result thereof.
With respect to these disputes with Ama and the Individual Guarantor, on July 29, 2011, Melco Crown Gaming, Ama and the Individual Guarantor entered into settlement agreements. Pursuant to the settlement agreements, Ama and the Individual Guarantor agreed to pay in installments the outstanding amount of approximately HK$249.2 million (US$32.0 million). Each of the first four installments of HK$6.0 million (US$771,000) was paid on August 5, 2011, August 30, 2011, September 30, 2011 and October 30, 2011, respectively. Further 18 installments of HK$10.0 million (US$1.3 million) each are to be paid on a monthly basis from November 30, 2011 with the last installment of HK$1.1 million (US$141,000) to be paid on May 30, 2013. An additional installment of HK$44.1 million (US$5.7 million) is to be paid on or before January 15, 2012. The Individual Guarantor mortgaged and pledged certain assets to secure payment of the outstanding amount. As part of the settlement agreements, on September 1, 2011, Ama submitted a request to terminate the civil action filed against Melco Crown Gaming, and Ama and the Individual Guarantor filed all relevant requests to terminate all incidental procedures against Melco Crown Gaming. These requests have been sanctioned by the court. The payment by installments agreement which provides to the court certain of the above mentioned payment terms and requests the suspension of the executory proceedings was submitted to the court by Melco Crown Gaming on September 22, 2011. Following the request of Melco Crown Gaming, on September 28, 2011, the court ordered that the amounts deposited with the court be used to pay court fees and to pay the amounts due to Melco Crown Gaming under the settlement agreements. If Ama and the Individual Guarantor are unable to repay to us the amounts outstanding under the settlement agreements, we may not be able to fully recover the amounts in debt by Ama towards us, in the approximate amount of HK$249.2 million, in the expected time or at all.
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We are impacted by the reputation and integrity of the parties with whom we engage in business activities and we cannot assure you that these parties will always maintain high standards or suitability throughout the term of our association with them. Failure to maintain such high standards or suitability may cause us and our shareholders to suffer harm to our own and the shareholders reputation, as well as impaired relationships with, and possibly sanctions from, gaming regulators.
The reputation and integrity of the parties with whom we engage in business activities, in particular those who are engaged in gaming related activities, such as gaming promoters, and developers and hotel operators that do not hold concessions or subconcessions and with which we have or may enter into services agreements, are important to our own reputation and to Melco Crown Gamings ability to continue to operate in compliance with its subconcession. Under the Legal Framework of the Operation of games of fortune and chance in casino, approved by Law no. 16/2001, of September 24, 2001, Macau Gaming Law, Melco Crown Gaming has an obligation to supervise its gaming promoters to ensure compliance with applicable laws and regulations and serious breaches or repeated misconduct by its gaming promoters could result in the termination of its subconcession. For parties we deal with in gaming related activities, where relevant, the gaming regulators undertake their own probity checks and will reach their own suitability findings in respect of the activities and parties which we intend to associate with. In addition, we also conduct our internal due diligence and evaluation process prior to engaging such parties. Notwithstanding such regulatory probity checks and our own due diligence, we cannot assure you that the parties with whom we are associated will always maintain the high standards that gaming regulators and we require or that such parties will maintain their suitability throughout the term of our association with them. If we were to deal with any party whose probity was in doubt, this may reflect negatively on our own probity when assessed by the gaming regulators. Also, if a party associated with us falls below the gaming regulators suitability standards, we and our shareholders may suffer harm to our and the shareholders reputation, as well as impaired relationships with, and possibly sanctions from, gaming regulators with authority over our operations.
In particular, the reputations of the gaming promoters we deal with are important to our own reputation and Melco Crown Gamings ability to continue to operate in compliance with its subconcession. While we endeavor to ensure high standards of probity and integrity in the gaming promoters with whom we are associated, we cannot assure you that the gaming promoters with whom we are associated will always maintain such high standards. If we were to deal with a gaming promoter whose probity was in doubt or who failed to operate in compliance with Macau law consistently, this may be considered by regulators or investors to reflect negatively on our own probity and compliance records. If a gaming promoter falls below our standards of probity, integrity and legal compliance, we and our shareholders may suffer harm to our or their reputation, as well as worsened relationships with, and possibly sanctions from, gaming and other regulators with authority over our operations or us.
Visitation to Macau may decline due to increased restrictions on visitations to Macau from citizens of mainland China.
A significant number of our gaming customers come from mainland China. Any travel restrictions imposed by China could disrupt the number of patrons visiting our properties from mainland China. Since mid 2003, under the Individual Visit Scheme, or IVS, mainland Chinese citizens from certain cities have been able to travel to Macau on an individual visa application basis, and did not need to join a tour group which they would have otherwise been required to. In mid 2008, the Chinese government adjusted its IVS visa policy toward Macau and limited the number of visits that some mainland Chinese citizens may make to Macau in a given time period. In addition, in May 2009, China placed certain restrictions on the operations of below-cost tour groups that involve low up-front payments and compulsory shopping. It is not known when, or if, policies similar to those implemented previously restricting visitation by mainland Chinese citizens to Macau and Hong Kong, will be put in place and visa policies may be adjusted, without notice, in the future. A decrease in the number of visitors from mainland China may adversely affect our results of operations.
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We cannot assure you that AML policies that we have implemented, and compliance with applicable AML laws, will be totally effective to prevent our casino operations from being exploited for money laundering purposes.
Macaus free port, offshore financial services and free movements of capital create an environment whereby Macaus casinos could be exploited for money laundering purposes. We have implemented AML policies in compliance with all applicable AML laws and regulations in Macau. We cannot assure you that any such policies will be effective in preventing our casino operations from being exploited for money laundering purposes, including from jurisdictions outside of Macau. In the normal course of business, we expect to be required by regulatory authorities from Macau and other jurisdictions to attend meetings and interviews from time to time to discuss our operations as they relate to AML laws and regulations.
Any incident of money laundering, accusation of money laundering or regulatory investigations into possible money laundering activities involving us, our employees, our gaming promoters or our customers could have a material adverse impact on our reputation, business, cash flows, financial condition, prospects and results of operations. Any serious incident of or repeated violation of laws related to money laundering or regulatory investigation into money laundering activities may cause a revocation or suspension of the subconcession. For more information regarding Macaus AML regulations, see Regulations AML Regulations in Macau.
If Macaus transportation infrastructure does not adequately support the development of Macaus gaming and leisure industry, visitation to Macau may not increase as currently expected, which may adversely affect our projects.
Macau consists of a peninsula and two islands and is connected to China by two border crossings. Macau has an international airport and connections to China and Hong Kong by road, ferry and helicopter. To support Macaus planned future development as a gaming and leisure destination, the frequency of bus, plane and ferry services to Macau will need to increase. While various projects are under development to improve Macaus internal and external transportation links, these projects may not be approved, financed or constructed in time to handle the projected increase in demand for transportation or at all, which could impede the expected increase in visitation to Macau and adversely affect our projects.
Any violation of the FCPA could have a negative impact on us.
We are subject to regulations imposed by the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or FCPA, and other anti-corruption laws which if violated may result in severe criminal and civil sanctions as well as other penalties. There has been a general increase in FCPA enforcement activity in recent years by the SEC and U.S. Department of Justice. Both the number of FCPA cases and sanctions imposed have risen dramatically. We have in place an ongoing FCPA compliance program which includes internal policies, procedures and training aimed to prevent and detect compliance issues and risks with these laws. However, we cannot assure you that our employees, contractors and agents will continually adhere to our compliance programs. Should they not follow our programs, we could be subject to investigations, prosecutions and other legal proceedings and actions which could result in civil penalties, administrative remedies and criminal sanctions, any of which may result in a material adverse effect on our financial condition. As a U.S. listed company with gaming operations in Macau, compliance with U.S. laws and regulations that apply to our operations increases our cost of doing business. We also deal in significant amounts of cash in our operations and are subject to various reporting and AML regulations. Any violation of AML laws or regulations by us could have a negative effect on our results of operations.
Risks Relating to Our Corporate Structure and Ownership
Our existing shareholders will have a substantial influence over us, and their interests in our business may be different than yours.
Melco and Crown together own a substantial majority of our outstanding shares, with each beneficially holding approximately 33.65% of our outstanding shares (exclusive of any shares represented by ADSs held by
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Melco Crown SPV Limited, or SPV). Melco and Crown have entered into a shareholders deed regarding the voting of their shares of our company under which each agrees to, among other things, vote its shares in favor of three nominees to our board designated by the other. As a result, Melco and Crown, if they act together, will have the power, among other things, to elect directors to our board, including six of ten directors who are designated nominees of Crown and Melco, appoint and change our management, affect our legal and capital structure and our day-to-day operations, approve material mergers, acquisitions, dispositions and other business combinations and approve any other material transactions and financings. These actions may be taken in many cases without the approval of independent directors or other shareholders and the interests of these shareholders may conflict with your interests as minority shareholders.
Business conducted by a collaboration of different corporate groups involves certain risks.
Melco and Crown have been our controlling shareholders and each hold approximately 33.65% of our total shares issued and outstanding (exclusive of any ordinary shares represented by ADSs held by SPV). With Melco and Crown being the controlling shareholders, there are special risks associated with the possibility that Melco and Crown may: (i) have economic or business interests or goals that are inconsistent with ours or that are inconsistent with each others interests or goals, causing disagreement between them or between them and us which harms our business; (ii) have operations and projects elsewhere in Asia that compete with our businesses in Macau and for available resources and management attention within the joint venture group; (iii) take actions contrary to our policies or objectives; (iv) be unable or unwilling to fulfill their obligations under the relevant joint venture or shareholders deed; or (v) have financial difficulties. In addition, there is no assurance that the laws and regulations relating to foreign investment in Melcos or Crowns governing jurisdictions will not be altered in such a manner as to result in a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.
Melco and Crown may pursue additional casino projects in Asia, which, along with their current operations, may compete with our projects in Macau, which could have material adverse consequences to us and the interests of our minority shareholders.
Melco and Crown may take action to construct and operate new gaming projects located in other countries in the Asian region, which, along with their current operations, may compete with our projects in Macau and could have adverse consequences to us and the interests of our minority shareholders. We could face competition from these other gaming projects. We also face competition from regional competitors, which include Crown Melbourne in Melbourne, Australia and Burswood Entertainment Complex in Perth, Australia. We expect to continue to receive significant support from both Melco and Crown in terms of their local experience, operating skills, international experience and high standards. Should Melco or Crown decide to focus more attention on casino gaming projects located in other areas of Asia that may be expanding or commencing their gaming industries, or should economic conditions or other factors result in a significant decrease in gaming revenues and number of patrons in Macau, Melco or Crown may make strategic decisions to focus on their other projects rather than us, which could adversely affect our growth.
Casinos and integrated gaming resorts are becoming increasingly popular in Asia, giving rise to more opportunities for industry participants and increasing regional competition. We cannot guarantee you that Melco and Crown will make strategic and other decisions which do not adversely affect our business.
Changes in our share ownership, including a change of control of our shares owned collectively by Melco and Crown, could result in our inability to draw loans or cause events of default under our indebtedness, or could require MCE Finance to make an offer to repurchase the Senior Notes or require us to make an offer to repurchase the RMB Bonds.
The credit facilities entered into pursuant to an amendment agreement dated June 22, 2011, or the 2011 Credit Facilities, include provisions under which we may suffer an event of default or incur an obligation to
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prepay the facility in full upon the occurrence of a change of control with respect to Melco Crown Gaming, or a decline in the aggregate indirect holdings of Melco Crown Gaming shares by Melco and Crown, below certain thresholds which is accompanied by a ratings decline. Under the terms of the Senior Notes, a change of control in connection with a decrease of the holdings of Melco and Crown accompanied by a ratings decline will trigger a change of control, which would require MCE Finance Limited, a company incorporated in the Cayman Islands, or MCE Finance, to offer to repurchase the Senior Notes at a price equal to 101% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest, additional amounts and liquidated damages, if any, to the date of redemption. Under the terms of the RMB2.3 billion aggregate principal amount of 3.75% bonds due 2013 issued by our company on May 9, 2011, or the RMB Bonds, we must offer to redeem the RMB Bonds upon the occurrence of a change of control at a price equal to 101% of their principal amount, plus accrued interest up to, but excluding, the Put Settlement Date (as defined in the trust deed). Any occurrence of these events could be outside our control and could result in defaults and cross-defaults which cause the termination and acceleration of up to all of our credit facilities, the Senior Notes or the RMB Bonds and potential enforcement of remedies by our lenders, which would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Crowns investment in our company is subject to regulatory review in several jurisdictions and if regulators in those jurisdictions were to find that we, Crown or Melco failed to comply with certain regulatory requirements and standards, Crown may be required to withdraw from the joint venture.
Crown wholly owns and operates Crown Entertainment Complex in Melbourne, Australia and Burswood Entertainment Complex in Perth, Australia. Crown also fully owns and operates the Aspinalls Club in London. In addition, Crown owns a portfolio of gaming investments that have been accumulated to complement Crowns existing core businesses.
In all jurisdictions in which Crown, or any of its wholly owned subsidiaries, holds a gaming license or Crown has a significant investment in a company which holds gaming licenses, gaming regulators are empowered to investigate associates, including business associates of Crown, such as us, to determine whether the associate is of good repute and of sound financial resources. If, as a result of such investigation, the relevant gaming regulator determines that, by reason of its association, Crown has ceased to be suitable to hold a gaming license or to hold a substantial investment in the holder of a gaming license then the relevant gaming regulator may direct Crown to terminate its association or risk losing its gaming license or approval to invest in the holder of a gaming license in the relevant jurisdiction.
If actions by us or our subsidiaries or by Melco or Crown fail to comply with the regulatory requirements and standards of the jurisdictions in which Crown owns or operates casinos or in which companies in which Crown holds a substantial investment own or operate casinos or if there are changes in gaming laws and regulations or the interpretation or enforcement of such laws and regulations in such jurisdictions, Crown may be required to withdraw from its investment in our company or limit its involvement in one or more aspects of our gaming operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Withdrawal by Crown from its investment in our company could cause the failure of conditions to drawing loans under our credit facilities or the occurrence of events of default under our credit facilities.
Risks Relating to Our Financing and Indebtedness
Our current, projected and potential future indebtedness could impair our financial condition, which could further exacerbate the risks associated with our significant leverage.
We have incurred and expect to incur, based on current budgets and estimates, secured and unsecured long-term indebtedness, including the following:
| approximately US$1.2 billion under the 2011 Credit Facilities; |
| US$600 million from MCE Finances sale of the Senior Notes; |
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| RMB2.3 billion from the offering of the RMB Bonds and its related deposit-linked loan for approximately HK$2.7 billion; |
| financing for a significant portion of the costs of developing the next phase at the City of Dreams site and the Studio City Project, in an amount which is as yet undetermined. |
Our significant indebtedness could have material consequences. For example, it could:
| make it difficult for us to satisfy our debt obligations; |
| increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions; |
| impair our ability to obtain additional financing in the future for working capital needs, capital expenditure, acquisitions or general corporate purposes; |
| require us to dedicate a significant portion of our cash flow from operations to the payment of principal and interest on our debt, which would reduce the funds available to us for our operations or expansion of our existing operations; |
| limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate; |
| place us at a competitive disadvantage as compared to our competitors, to the extent that they are not as leveraged; |
| subject us to higher interest expense in the event of increases in interest rates to the extent a portion of our debt bears interest at variable rates; |
| cause us to incur additional expenses by hedging interest rate exposures of our debt and exposure to hedging counterparties failure to pay under such hedging arrangements, which would reduce the funds available for us for our operations; and |
| in the event we or one of our subsidiaries were to default, result in the loss of all or a substantial portion of our own and our subsidiaries assets, over which our lenders have taken or will take security. |
Any of these or other consequences or events could have a material adverse effect on our ability to satisfy our other debt obligations.
We may require external debt or equity financing to complete our future investment projects, which may not be available on satisfactory terms or at all.
We have in the past funded our capital investment projects through, among others, cash generated from our operations, credit facilities and the issuance of the Senior Notes and the RMB Bonds. We will require additional funding in the future for our capital investment projects, including the Studio City Project, which we may raise through external financing. As at November 23, 2011, our total estimated capital expenditure for design and construction costs of our major capital investment projects, namely the Studio City Project, is approximately US$1.9 billion. External debt or equity financing by us may require the approval of or communication to the Macau government, and may be subject to, among others, the terms of credit facilities, the Senior Notes and the RMB Bonds. In addition, our ability to obtain debt or equity financing on acceptable terms, depends on a variety of factors that are beyond our control, including market conditions, investors and lenders perceptions of, and demand for, debt and equity securities of gaming companies, credit availability and interest rates. As a result, we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain sufficient funding from external sources as required on terms satisfactory to us, or at all, to finance future capital investment projects. If we are unable to obtain such funding, our business, cash flow, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be materially and adversely affected.
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We may not be able to generate sufficient cash flow to meet our debt service obligations.
Our ability to make scheduled payments due on our existing and anticipated debt obligations, to refinance and to fund planned capital expenditure and development efforts will depend on our ability to generate cash. We will require generation of sufficient operating cash flow from our projects to service our current and future projected indebtedness. Our ability to obtain cash to service our existing and projected debts is subject to a range of economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. We may not be able to generate sufficient cash flow from operations to satisfy our existing and projected debt obligations, in which case, we may have to undertake alternative financing plans, such as refinancing or restructuring our debt, selling assets, reducing or delaying capital investments, or seek to raise additional capital on terms that may be onerous or highly dilutive. Our ability to refinance our indebtedness will depend on the financial markets and our financial condition at such time. We cannot assure you that any refinancing or restructuring would be possible, that any assets could be sold, or, if sold, of the timing of the sales or the amount of proceeds that would be realized from those sales. We cannot assure you that additional financing could be obtained on acceptable terms, if at all, or would be permitted under the terms of our various debt instruments then in effect. Our failure to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our existing and projected debt obligations, or to refinance our obligations on commercially reasonable terms, would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
If we are unable to comply with the restrictions and covenants in our debt agreements, including, among others, the indenture governing the Senior Notes and the RMB Bonds agreement, there could be a default under the terms of these agreements or the indenture, which could cause repayment of our debt to be accelerated.
If we are unable to comply with the restrictions and covenants in our current or future debt obligations and other agreements, or the indenture governing Senior Notes, there could be a default under the terms of these agreements. In the event of a default under these agreements, the holders of the debt could terminate their commitments to lend to us, accelerate repayment of the debt and declare all amounts borrowed due and payable or terminate the agreements, as the case may be. Furthermore, some of our debt agreements, including the indenture governing the Senior Notes and the RMB Bonds agreement, contain cross-acceleration or cross-default provisions. As a result, our default under one debt agreement may cause the acceleration of repayment of debt or result in a default under our other debt agreements, including the indenture governing the Senior Notes and the RMB Bonds agreement. If any of these events occur, we cannot assure you that our assets and cash flow would be sufficient to repay in full all of our indebtedness, or that we would be able to find alternative financing. Even if we could obtain alternative financing, we cannot assure you that it would be on terms that are favorable or acceptable to us.
The terms of the 2011 Credit Facilities may restrict our current and future operations and harm our ability to complete our projects and grow our business operations to compete successfully against our competitors.
The 2011 Credit Facilities and associated facility and security documents that Melco Crown Gaming has entered into also contain a number of restrictive covenants that impose significant operating and financial restrictions on Melco Crown Gaming and its subsidiaries, and therefore, effectively, on us. The covenants in the 2011 Credit Facilities restrict or limit, among other things, our and our subsidiaries ability to:
| incur additional debt, including guarantees; |
| create security or liens; |
| sell, transfer or dispose of assets; |
| make certain investments; |
| make loans, payments on certain indebtedness, distributions and other restricted payments or apply revenues earned in one part of our operations to fund development costs or cover operating losses in another part of our operations; |
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| make payments for fees or goods and services to our controlling shareholders, unless on normal commercial terms; |
| vary Melco Crown Gamings subconcession contract or the borrowing groups land concessions and certain other contracts; and |
| enter into contracts for construction or financing of an additional hotel tower in the City of Dreams unless approved under the terms of the 2011 Credit Facilities. |
In addition, the restrictions under the 2011 Credit Facilities contain financial covenants, including requirements that we satisfy certain tests or ratios such as leverage, total leverage and interest cover, each as defined in the 2011 Credit Facilities.
Restrictions also provide that should a change of control, as defined in the 2011 Credit Facilities, occur, the facility will be cancelled and all amounts outstanding thereunder become immediately due and payable. These covenants may restrict our ability to operate and restrict our ability to incur additional debt or other financing we may require, and impede our growth.
Our operations are restricted by the terms of the Senior Notes, which could limit our ability to plan for or to react to market conditions or meet our capital needs.
The indenture governing the Senior Notes includes a number of significant restrictive covenants. Such covenants restrict, among other things, the ability of MCE Finance and its subsidiaries to:
| incur or guarantee additional indebtedness; |
| make specified restricted payments, including dividends; |
| issue or sell capital stock of our restricted subsidiaries; |
| sell assets; |
| create liens; |
| enter into agreements that restrict the ability of the restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends, transfer assets or make intercompany loans; |
| enter into transactions with shareholders or affiliates; and |
| effect a consolidation or merger. |
These covenants could limit our ability to plan for or react to market conditions or to meet our capital needs. Our ability to comply with these covenants may be affected by events beyond our control, and we may have to curtail some of our operations and growth plans to maintain compliance.
Our operations are restricted by the terms of the RMB Bonds which may limit our ability to respond to market conditions or to continue the growth of our business.
The RMB Bonds agreement has certain covenants which restrict our ability to raise further funds. For example we must ensure that:
| we have satisfactory security in place for the RMB Bonds before we raise any additional secured indebtedness; |
| our Consolidated Tangible Net Worth (as defined in the RMB Bonds agreement) must not fall below US$1 billion; and |
| our total borrowings must not exceed more than 2.5 times our Consolidated Tangible Net Worth. |
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The amount of RMB2.3 billion under the RMB Bonds agreement will be due immediately in the event of a default (subject to certain grace periods and exceptions), such as:
| non-payment of principal or interest due under repayment terms of the RMB Bonds; |
| failure on the part of our Material Subsidiaries (as defined in the RMB Bonds agreement) to honor repayment terms under their debt obligations; |
| the initiation of insolvency proceedings by a third party against us or any of our Material Subsidiaries (as defined in the RMB Bonds agreement); and |
| the revocation of a gaming license held by us or any of our Material Subsidiaries (as defined in the RMB Bonds agreement). |
The above covenants may limit our ability to plan for or react to market conditions or to meet our capital needs. Our ability to comply with these covenants may be affected by events beyond our control, and we may have to curtail some of our operations and growth plans to maintain compliance with the RMB Bonds agreement and ensure that we do not trigger an event of default. The RMB Bonds agreement also has a change of control provision which states that any Change of Control (as defined in the RMB Bonds agreement) would entitle the holder to seek repayment of the total outstanding amount due under the RMB Bonds.
Drawdown or rollover of advances under our debt facilities involve satisfaction of extensive conditions precedent and our failure to satisfy such conditions precedent will result in our inability to access or roll over loan advances under such facilities. There is no assurance that we will be able to satisfy all conditions precedent under our current or future debt facilities.
Our current and future debt facilities, including the 2011 Credit Facilities, require and will require satisfaction of conditions precedent prior to the advance or rollover of loans under such facilities. The satisfaction of such conditions precedent may involve actions of third parties and matters outside of our control, such as government consents and approvals. If there is a breach of any terms or conditions of our debt facilities or other obligations and it is not cured or capable of being cured, such conditions precedent will not be satisfied. The inability to draw down or roll over loan advances in any debt facility may result in a funding shortfall in our operations and we may not be able to fulfill our obligations as planned; such events may result in an event of default under such debt facility and may also trigger cross default in our other obligations and debt facilities. We do not guarantee that all conditions precedent to draw down or roll over loan advances under our debt facilities will be satisfied in a timely manner or at all. If we are unable to draw down or roll over loan advances under any current or future facility, we may have to find a new group of lenders and negotiate new financing terms or consider other financing alternatives. If required, it is possible that new financing would not be available or would have to be procured on substantially less attractive terms, which could damage the economic viability of the relevant development project. The need to arrange such alternative financing would likely also delay the construction and/or operations of our future projects or existing properties, which would affect our cash flows, results of operations and financial condition.
Our failure to comply with the covenants contained in our or our subsidiaries indebtedness, including failure as a result of events beyond our control, could result in an event of default that could materially and adversely affect our cash flow, operating results and our financial condition.
If there were an event of default under one of our or our subsidiaries debt facilities, the holders of the debt on which we defaulted could cause all amounts outstanding with respect to that debt to become due and payable immediately. In addition, any event of default or declaration of acceleration under one debt facility could result in an event of default under one or more of our other debt instruments, with the result that all of our debt would be in default and accelerated. We cannot assure you that our assets or cash flow would be sufficient to fully repay borrowings under our outstanding debt facilities, either upon maturity or if accelerated upon an event of default, or that we would be able to refinance or restructure the payments on those debt facilities. Further, if we are
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unable to repay, refinance or restructure our indebtedness at our subsidiaries that own or operate our properties, the lenders under those debt facilities could proceed against the collateral securing that indebtedness, which will constitute substantially all the assets and shares of our subsidiaries. In that event, any proceeds received upon a realization of the collateral would be applied first to amounts due under those debt facilities. The value of the collateral may not be sufficient to repay all of our indebtedness.
Any inability to maintain current financing or obtain future financing could result in delays in our project development schedule and could impact our ability to generate revenue from operations at our present and future projects.
If we are unable to maintain our current debt facility or obtain suitable financing for our operations and our current or future projects (including any acquisitions we may make), this could adversely impact our existing operations, or cause delays in, or prevent completion of, the development of future projects or our pursuing of other opportunities. This may limit our ability to operate and expand our business and may adversely impact our ability to generate revenue. In addition, costs incurred by any new financing may be greater than currently anticipated.
Risks Relating to Our Shares and ADSs
The trading price of our ADSs has been volatile since our ADSs began trading on Nasdaq, and may be subject to fluctuations in the future. The market price for our shares may also be volatile, which could result in substantial losses to investors.
The trading price of our ADSs has been and may continue to be subject to wide fluctuations. Our ADSs were first quoted on the Nasdaq Global Market beginning on December 19, 2006, and were upgraded to trade on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on January 2, 2009. During the period from December 19, 2006 until November 23, 2011, the trading prices of our ADSs ranged from US$2.33 to US$22.20 per ADS and the closing sale price on November 23, 2011 was US$8.41 per ADS. The market price for our shares and ADSs may continue to be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in response to factors including the following:
| uncertainties or delays relating to the financing, completion and successful operation of our projects; |
| developments in the Macau market or other Asian gaming markets, including the announcement or completion of major new projects by our competitors; |
| regulatory developments affecting us or our competitors; |
| actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly operating results; |
| changes in financial estimates by securities research analysts; |
| changes in the economic performance or market valuations of other gaming and leisure industry companies; |
| changes in our market share of the Macau gaming market; |
| addition or departure of our executive officers and key personnel; |
| fluctuations in the exchange rates between the U.S. dollar, HK dollar, Pataca and Renminbi; |
| release or expiry of lock-up or other transfer restrictions on our outstanding shares; |
| sales or perceived sales of additional shares or ADSs or securities convertible or exchangeable or exercisable for shares or ADSs; and |
| rumors related to any of the above. |
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In addition, the securities market has from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are not related to the operating performance of particular companies. These market fluctuations may also have a material adverse effect on the market price of our ADSs and shares.
The liquidity of our shares on the HKSE may be limited and the effectiveness of the liquidity arrangements is subject to limitations.
Our shares have not been traded on the HKSE before the listing by way of introduction on the HKSE and there may be limited liquidity in our shares on the HKSE. Shareholders will be able to transfer the registration of our shares from New York to Hong Kong, and vice versa, but there is no certainty as to the number of ADSs that shareholders may elect to transfer to Hong Kong. This may adversely affect investors ability to purchase or liquidate shares on the HKSE. Accordingly, there is no guarantee that the price at which shares are traded on the HKSE will be substantially the same as or similar to the price at which shares are traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market or that any particular volume of shares will trade on the HKSE.
Throughout the 30-day period from and including the date of listing, or the liquidity period, Credit Suisse Securities (Hong Kong) Limited and Deutsche Securities Asia Limited, as the designated dealers intend to carry out liquidity activities between the Nasdaq and Hong Kong markets. Such liquidity activities are intended to contribute to the liquidity of our shares on the Hong Kong market. You should be aware, however, that the liquidity arrangements are subject to the designated dealers ability to sell our shares or obtain sufficient number of shares for settlement on the Hong Kong market, as well as the existence of adequate price differentials between the Hong Kong and Nasdaq markets.
There is no guarantee that the liquidity arrangements will attain and/or maintain liquidity in our shares at any particular level on the HKSE, nor is there assurance that an open market will in fact develop. The liquidity arrangements will also terminate and cease to continue beyond the liquidity period.
The liquidity arrangements do not create any obligation on the designated dealers to undertake any liquidity or other transactions in our shares. Accordingly, there is no guarantee that the price at which our shares are traded on the HKSE will be substantially the same as or similar to the price at which our shares are traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market or that any particular volume of our shares will trade on the HKSE. The liquidity arrangements being implemented in connection with the listing by way of introduction on the HKSE are not equivalent to the price stabilization activities which may be undertaken in connection with an initial public offering. In addition, the designated dealers are not acting as a market maker and does not undertake to create or make a market in our shares on the HKSE.
We currently do not intend to pay dividends, and we cannot assure you that we will make dividend payments in the future.
We may pay dividends to shareholders in the future. Such payments will depend upon a number of factors, including our results of operations, earnings, capital requirements and surplus, general financial conditions, contractual restrictions and other factors considered relevant by our board. We currently intend to retain all of our earnings to finance the development and expansion of our business. Accordingly, we do not intend to declare or pay cash dividends on our shares in the near to medium term. Except as permitted under the Companies Law, Cap. 22 of the Cayman Islands (as amended), or Cayman Companies Law, and the common law of the Cayman Islands, we are not permitted to distribute dividends unless we have a profit, realized or unrealized, or a reserve set aside from profits which our directors determine is no longer needed. We currently have no reserve set aside from profits for the payment of dividends. We cannot assure you that we will make any dividend payments on our shares in the future. Our ability to pay dividends, and our subsidiaries ability to pay dividends to us, is further subject to restrictive covenants contained in the 2011 Credit Facilities, the Senior Notes and in other facility agreements governing indebtedness we and our subsidiaries may incur. Such restrictive covenants contained in the 2011 Credit Facilities include satisfaction of certain financial tests and conditions such as continued compliance with specified interest cover and leverage ratios and, if a cash distribution, ensuring that the dividend payment amount does not exceed a certain amount of our cash and cash equivalent investments and
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that as a result of such dividend payment we still hold a certain amount of cash and cash equivalent investments. The Senior Notes also contain certain covenants restricting payment of dividends by MCE Finance and its subsidiaries. For more details, please see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Description of Material Indebtedness.
Substantial future sales or perceived sales of our shares or ADSs in the public market could cause the price of our ADSs and shares to decline.
Sales of our ADSs or shares in the public market, or the perception that these sales could occur, could cause the market price of our shares and ADSs to decline. Upon expiration of the lock-up agreements, all of the shares beneficially held by Melco and Crown are available for sale, subject to volume and other restrictions, as applicable, under Rule 144 under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, or U.S. Securities Act, and subject to the terms of their shareholders deed. To the extent these or other shares are sold into the market, the market price of our shares and ADSs could decline. The ADSs represent interests in the shares of our company. We would, subject to market forces, expect there to be a close correlation in the price of our ADSs and the price of the shares and any factors contributing to a decline in one market is likely to result to a similar decline in another.
In addition, Melco and Crown have the right to cause us to register the sale of their shares under the U.S. Securities Act, subject to the terms of their shareholders deed. Registration of these shares under the U.S. Securities Act would result in these shares becoming freely tradable as ADSs without restriction under the U.S. Securities Act immediately upon the effectiveness of the registration statement. Sales of these registered shares in the public market could cause the price of our share and ADSs to decline.
Any decision by us to raise further equity in the markets in the U.S. or Hong Kong, which would result in dilution to existing shareholders, could cause the price of our ADSs and shares to decline.
Holders of ADSs have fewer rights than shareholders and must act through the depositary to exercise those rights.
Holders of ADSs do not have the same rights of our shareholders and may only exercise the voting rights with respect to the underlying ordinary shares of the depositary and in accordance with the provisions of the deposit agreement. Under our amended and restated articles of association, the minimum notice period required to convene a general meeting is seven days. When a general meeting is convened, you may not receive sufficient notice of a shareholders meeting to permit you to withdraw your ordinary shares to allow you to cast your vote with respect to any specific matter. In addition, the depositary and its agents may not be able to send voting instructions to you or carry out your voting instructions in a timely manner. We will make all reasonable efforts to cause the depositary to extend voting rights to you in a timely manner, but we cannot assure you that you will receive the voting materials in time to ensure that you can instruct the depositary to vote your ADSs. Furthermore, the depositary and its agents will not be responsible for any failure to carry out any instructions to vote, for the manner in which any vote is cast or for the effect of any such vote. As a result, you may not be able to exercise your right to vote and you may lack recourse if your ADSs are not voted as you requested. In addition, in your capacity as an ADS holder, you will not be able to convene a shareholder meeting.
You may be subject to limitations on transfers of your ADSs.
Your ADSs are transferable on the books of the depositary. However, the depositary may close its transfer books at any time or from time to time when it deems expedient in connection with the performance of its duties. In addition, the depositary may refuse to deliver, transfer or register transfers of ADSs generally when our books or the books of the depositary are closed, or at any time if we or the depositary deem it advisable to do so because of any requirement of law or of any government or governmental body, or under any provision of the deposit agreement, or for any other reason.
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Your right to participate in any future rights offerings may be limited, which may cause dilution to your holdings and you may not receive cash dividends if it is unlawful or impractical to make them available to you.
We may from time to time distribute rights to our shareholders, including rights to acquire our securities. However, we cannot make rights available to you in the United States unless we register the rights and the securities to which the rights relate under the U.S. Securities Act or an exemption from the registration requirements is available. Also, under the deposit agreement, the depositary bank will not make rights available to you unless the distribution to ADS holders of both the rights and any related securities are either registered under the U.S. Securities Act, or exempted from registration under the U.S. Securities Act. We are under no obligation to file a registration statement with respect to any such rights or securities or to endeavor to cause such a registration statement to be declared effective. Moreover, we may not be able to establish an exemption from registration under the U.S. Securities Act. Accordingly, you may be unable to participate in our rights offerings and may experience dilution in your holdings.
In addition, the depositary of our ADSs has agreed to pay to you the cash dividends or other distributions it or the custodian receives on our ordinary shares or other deposited securities after deducting its fees and expenses. You will receive these distributions in proportion to the number of ordinary shares your ADSs represent. However, the depositary may, at its discretion, decide that it is unlawful, inequitable or impractical to make a distribution available to any holders of ADSs. For example, the depositary may determine that it is not practicable to distribute certain property through the mail, or that the value of certain distributions may be less than the cost of mailing them. In these cases, the depositary may decide not to distribute such property and you will not receive such distribution.
We are a Cayman Islands exempted company and, because judicial precedent regarding the rights of shareholders is more limited under Cayman Islands law than that under U.S. law, you may have less protection for your shareholder rights than you would under U.S. law.
Our corporate affairs are governed by our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, the Cayman Companies Law (as amended) and the common law of the Cayman Islands. The rights of shareholders to take action against our directors, actions by minority shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors to us under Cayman Companies Law are to a large extent governed by the common law of the Cayman Islands. The common law of the Cayman Islands is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the Cayman Islands as well as that from English common law, which has persuasive, but not binding, authority on a court in the Cayman Islands. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary duties of our directors under Cayman Islands law are not as clearly established as they would be under statutes or judicial precedent in some jurisdictions in the United States. In particular, the Cayman Islands has a less developed body of securities laws than the United States. In addition, some U.S. states, such as Delaware, have more fully developed and judicially interpreted bodies of corporate law than the Cayman Islands.
As a result of all of the above, public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interests in the face of actions taken by management, members of our board or controlling shareholders than they would as shareholders of a U.S. public company.
You may have difficulty enforcing judgments obtained against us.
We are a Cayman Islands exempted company and substantially all of our assets are located outside of the United States. All of our current operations, and administrative and corporate functions are conducted in Macau and Hong Kong. In addition, substantially all of our directors and officers are nationals and residents of countries other than the United States. A substantial portion of the assets of these persons are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for you to effect service of process within the United States upon these persons. It may also be difficult for you to enforce in Cayman Islands, Macau and Hong Kong courts judgments obtained in U.S. courts based on the civil liability provisions of the U.S. federal securities laws against us and our
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officers and directors, most of whom are not residents in the United States and the substantial majority of whose assets are located outside of the United States. In addition, there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of the Cayman Islands, Macau or Hong Kong would recognize or enforce judgments of U.S. courts against us or such persons predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state. In addition, it is uncertain whether such Cayman Islands, Macau or Hong Kong courts would be competent to hear original actions brought in the Cayman Islands, Macau or Hong Kong against us or such persons predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state. See Enforcement of Civil Liabilities.
We may become a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, which could result in adverse U.S. tax consequences to U.S. investors.
Based on the projected composition of our income and valuation of our assets, we do not currently expect to be a PFIC for our current taxable year ending December 31, 2011. A non-U.S. corporation generally will be a PFIC for a taxable year if either (1) 75% or more of its gross income for such taxable year is passive income or (2) 50% or more of the value (determined based on a quarterly average) of its assets is attributable to assets that produce, or are held for the production of, passive income, including cash. The determination of whether we are or will be a PFIC for a taxable year depends on the application of complex U.S. federal income tax rules and generally cannot be made until the close of the taxable year in question. In addition, the determination of whether or not we are a PFIC will depend on the nature and composition of our income and assets, including goodwill, throughout a taxable year and will be based, in part, on the market price of our ordinary shares and ADSs, which may fluctuate. Accordingly, we can provide no assurance that we are not, and we will not become, a PFIC for our current taxable year or any future taxable year. If we were treated as a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold our ADSs or ordinary shares, certain adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences, and additional reporting requirements could apply to you. See Taxation United States Federal Income Tax Considerations Passive Foreign Investment Company.
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This prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference herein and any related prospectus supplement, contains forward-looking statements that relate to future events, including our future operating results and conditions, our prospects and our future financial performance and condition, all of which are largely based on our current expectations and projections. All statements other than statements of historical fact in this prospectus, the documents incorporated by reference and any related prospectus supplement are forward-looking statements. Known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performances or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Moreover, because we operate in a heavily regulated and evolving industry, may become highly leveraged, and operate in Macau, a market that has recently experienced extremely rapid growth and intense competition, new risk factors may emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of these factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in any forward-looking statement.
In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by words or phrases such as may, will, expect, anticipate, aim, estimate, intend, plan, believe, potential, continue, is/are likely to or other similar expressions. We have based the forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and financial trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, results of operations, business strategy and financial needs. These forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements relating to:
| our ability to refinance and raise additional financing; |
| our future business development, results of operations and financial condition; |
| growth of the gaming market in and visitation to Macau; |
| our anticipated growth strategies; |
| the liberalization of travel restrictions on PRC citizens and convertibility of the Renminbi; |
| the availability of credit for gaming patrons; |
| the uncertainty of tourist behavior related to spending and vacationing at casino resorts in Macau; |
| fluctuations in occupancy rates and average daily room rates in Macau; |
| increased competition and other planned casino hotel and resort projects in Macau and elsewhere in Asia, including in Macau from Sociedade de Jogos de Macau, S.A., or SJM, Venetian Macao, S.A., or VML, Wynn Macau, Galaxy Casino, S.A., or Galaxy, and MGM Grand Paradise, S.A., or MGM Grand Paradise; |
| the formal grant of an occupancy permit for certain areas of City of Dreams that remain under construction or development; |
| the development of the Studio City Project; |
| the next phase of the City of Dreams; |
| our entering into new development and construction and new ventures; |
| construction cost estimates for our development projects, including projected variances from budgeted costs; |
| government regulation of the casino industry, including gaming license approvals and the legalization of gaming in other jurisdictions; |
| the completion of infrastructure projects in Macau; |
| the outcome of any current and future litigation; and |
| other factors described under Risk Factors. |
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The forward-looking statements made in this prospectus relate only to events or information as of the date on which the statements are made in this prospectus. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, after the date on which the statements are made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. You should read this prospectus and the documents that we referenced in this prospectus and have filed as exhibits to the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part, completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.
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Except as may be described otherwise in an accompanying prospectus supplement, (i) we intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of securities by us to fund capital expenditures and for other general corporate purposes and (ii) we will not receive any proceeds from the sale of our securities by any selling securityholder.
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We have not in the past declared or paid any dividends, nor do we have any present plan to pay any cash dividends on our shares or ADSs in the near to medium term. We currently intend to retain most, if not all, of our available funds and any future earnings to finance the construction and development of our projects, to service debt and to operate and expand our business.
Our board has complete discretion on whether to pay dividends, subject to the approval of our shareholders in the case of annual dividends. Even if our board decides to pay dividends, the form, frequency and amount will depend upon our future operations and earnings, capital requirements and surplus, general financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that our board may deem relevant. Dividends will be declared and paid in Hong Kong dollars for holders of ordinary shares and U.S. dollars for holders of ADSs.
All of our subsidiaries incorporated in Macau are required to set aside a minimum of 10% to 25% of the entitys profit after taxation to the legal reserve until the balance of the legal reserve reaches a level equivalent to 25% to 50% of the entitys share capital in accordance with the provisions of the Macau Commercial Code. The legal reserve sets aside an amount from the subsidiaries statements of operations and is not available for distribution to the shareholders of the subsidiaries. The appropriation of legal reserve is recorded in the subsidiaries financial statements in the year or period in which it is approved by the boards of directors of the relevant subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and June 30, 2011, the balance of the reserve amounted to approximately US$3,000, respectively.
Our 2011 Credit Facilities, the Senior Notes and other indebtedness we may incur contain, or may be expected to contain, restrictions on payment of dividends to us, which is expected to affect our ability to pay dividends in the foreseeable future. See Risk Factors Risks Relating to Our Shares and ADSs We currently do not intend to pay dividends, and we cannot assure you that we will make dividend payments in the future.
Under the Cayman Companies Law, our share premium may be distributed, subject to the provisions of our memorandum of association or articles of association and provided that immediately following the date on which the dividend is proposed to be distributed, we will be in a position to pay off our debts as and when they fall due in the ordinary course of business.
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ENFORCEMENT OF CIVIL LIABILITIES
We are incorporated in the Cayman Islands to take advantage of certain benefits associated with being a Cayman Islands exempted company, such as:
| political and economic stability; |
| an effective judicial system; |
| a favorable tax system; |
| the absence of exchange control or currency restrictions; and |
| the availability of professional and support services. |
However, certain disadvantages accompany incorporation in the Cayman Islands. These disadvantages include:
| the Cayman Islands has a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States and provides significantly less protection to investors; and |
| Cayman Islands companies do not have standing to sue before the federal courts of the United States. |
Our constituent documents do not contain provisions requiring that disputes, including those arising under the securities laws of the United States, between us, our officers, directors and shareholders, be arbitrated.
Substantially all of our current operations, including our administrative and corporate operations, are conducted in Macau and Hong Kong, and substantially all of our assets are located in Macau. A majority of our directors and officers are nationals or residents of jurisdictions other than the United States and a substantial portion of their assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for a shareholder to effect service of process within the United States upon us or such persons, or to enforce against us or them judgments obtained in United States courts, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States.
We have appointed CT Corporation System as our agent to receive service of process with respect to any action brought against us in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York under the federal securities laws of the United States or of any state in the United States or any action brought against us in the Supreme Court of the State of New York in the County of New York under the securities laws of the State of New York.
Walkers, our counsel as to Cayman Islands law, and Manuela António Lawyers and Notaries, our counsel as to Macau law, have advised us, respectively, that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of the Cayman Islands and Macau, respectively, would:
| recognize or enforce judgments of United States courts obtained against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States; or |
| entertain original actions brought in each respective jurisdiction against us or our directors or officers predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state in the United States. |
Walkers has further advised us that a final and conclusive judgment in the federal or state courts of the United States under which a sum of money is payable, other than a sum payable in respect of taxes, fines, penalties or similar fiscal or revenue obligations and which was neither obtained in a manner nor is of a kind enforcement of which is contrary to natural justice or the public policy of the Cayman Islands, may be subject to enforcement proceedings as a debt in the courts of the Cayman Islands under the common law doctrine of obligation.
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Manuela António Lawyers and Notaries has advised further that a final and conclusive monetary judgment for a definite sum obtained in a federal or state court in the United States would be treated by the courts of Macau as a cause of action in itself so that no retrial of the issues would be necessary, provided that: (1) such court had jurisdiction in the matter and the defendant either submitted to such jurisdiction or was resident or carrying on business within such jurisdiction and was duly served with process; (2) due process was observed by such court, with equal treatment given to both parties to the action, and the defendant had the opportunity to submit a defense; (3) the judgment given by such court was not in respect of penalties, taxes, fines or similar fiscal or tax revenue obligations; (4) in obtaining judgment there was no fraud on the part of the person in whose favor judgment was given or on the part of the court; (5) recognition or enforcement of the judgment in Macau would not be contrary to public policy; (6) the proceedings pursuant to which judgment was obtained were not contrary to natural justice; and (7) any interest charged to the defendant does not exceed three times the official interest rate, which is currently 9.75% per annum, over the outstanding payment (whether of principal, interest fees or other amounts) due.
We have been advised by our Hong Kong legal counsel, Shearman & Sterling, that Hong Kong has no arrangement for the reciprocal enforcement of judgments with the United States. However, under Hong Kong common law, a foreign judgment (including one from a court in the United States predicated upon U.S. federal or state securities laws) may be enforced in Hong Kong by bringing an action in Hong Kong court, and then seeking summary or default judgment on the strength of the foreign judgment, provided that the foreign court is a court of competent jurisdiction, the foreign judgment is for a debt or definite sum of money and is final and conclusive on the merits.
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The following is a summary of our selected financial results for the three months ended September 30, 2011. Our selected financial results for the three months ended September 30, 2011 are derived from our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for that period, which are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and include all adjustments, consisting only of normal and recurring adjustments, which we consider necessary for a fair presentation of our operating results for the period presented. Our financial results for the three months ended September 30, 2011 may not be indicative of our full year results for 2011 or any future interim periods.
Our net revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2011 were US$1.1 billion, representing an increase of 45.3% from US$727.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010. The increase in net revenues was primarily due to increases in rolling chip and non-rolling chip volumes, significant improvements in non-rolling chip hold percentages and increased contributions from hotel sales, food and beverage outlets and other non-gaming amenities, including a full quarter of contribution from The House of Dancing Water.
City of Dreams. City of Dreams rolling chip volume for the three months ended September 30, 2011 was US$20.3 billion, an increase of 41.0% from US$14.4 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2010. Rolling chip hold percentage (calculated before discounts and commissions) was 3.11% for the three months ended September 30, 2011, slightly above our expected range of 2.7% to 3.0% and a decrease from 3.40% for the three months ended September 30, 2010. In the mass market table games segment, non-rolling chip volume was US$730.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011, an increase of 39.5% from US$523.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010. Non-rolling chip hold percentage was 25.5% for the three months ended September 30, 2011, within our expected range for that period of 23.0% to 26.0% and an increase from 21.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2010.
Gaming machine handle for the three months ended September 30, 2011 was US$530.2 million, an increase of 21.2% from US$437.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010. Total non-gaming revenues at City of Dreams for the three months ended September 30, 2011 were US$55.1 million, an increase of 73.8% from US$31.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010. City of Dreams occupancy rate and average daily rate was 93% and US$170, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2011, compared to 77% and US$158, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2010.
Altira Macau. Altira Macaus rolling chip volume for the three months ended September 30, 2011 was US$13.2 billion, an increase of 38.9% from US$9.5 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2010. Rolling chip hold percentage (calculated before discounts and commissions) was 3.24% for the three months ended September 30, 2011, above our expected range of 2.7% to 3.0% and an increase from 2.72% for the three months ended September 30, 2010. In the mass market table games segment, non-rolling chip volume was US$149.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011, an increase of 54.5% from US$97.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010. Non-rolling chip hold percentage was 15.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2011, within our expected range for that period of 15.0% to 17.0% and a decrease from 17.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2010. Total non-gaming revenues at Altira Macau for the three months ended September 30, 2011 were US$7.9 million, an increase of 11.3% from US$7.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010. Altira Macaus occupancy rate and average daily rate was 98% and US$192, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2011, compared to 95% and US$161, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2010.
Mocha Clubs. Mocha Clubs average net win per gaming machine per day for the three months ended September 30, 2011 was US$208, an increase of 10.1% from US$189 for the three months ended September 30, 2010.
Our Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended September 30, 2011 was US$240.3 million, an increase of 76.3% from US$136.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010. The significant increase in
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profitability was driven by continued improvements in mass market operations at City of Dreams, strong rolling chip volumes at both City of Dreams and Altira Macau along with a consistent approach to junket commissions, strong contributions from non-gaming segments such as hotel, food and beverage and The House of Dancing Water, and our ongoing company-wide focus on cost control. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Description of Certain Line Items of Our Consolidated Statement of Operations Adjusted Property EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA.
Depreciation and amortization expense was US$90.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011, of which US$14.3 million was related to the amortization of our gaming subconcession and US$10.7 million was related to the amortization of land use rights. Depreciation and amortization expense increased by 15.5% from US$78.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010, primarily due to a full quarter of depreciation of The House of Dancing Water and amortization of the Studio City Projects land use rights.
Total non-operating expense for the three months ended September 30, 2011 was US$36.9 million, which included net interest expense of US$30.7 million, other finance costs of US$3.4 million, a loss on foreign exchange of US$2.7 million in relation to our offshore cash balances and transaction costs of US$4.2 million associated with the proposed Hong Kong listing, partially offset by a gain of US$3.3 million in relation to a change in fair value of an existing interest rate swap arrangement. There was no capitalized interest during the three months ended September 30, 2011.
As a result of the foregoing, net income for the three months ended September 30, 2011 was US$113.3 million, or US$0.21 per ADS, compared to US$15.8 million, or US$0.03 per ADS, for the three months ended September 30, 2010.
As of September 30, 2011, we had US$1,450.5 million in cash and cash equivalents, including US$360.1 million of restricted cash. Our total debt was US$2.4 billion as of September 30, 2011.
On July 27, 2011, we completed the acquisition of 60% equity interest in Cyber One Group at which time we acquired the assets and liabilities of the Studio City Project. Cyber One Group did not have any operation and revenue before the acquisition. We principally acquired a parcel of land and related construction in progress through the acquisition of Cyber One Group and this transaction was accounted for as acquisition of assets and liabilities. The land use right and construction in progress recognized at the date of acquisition amounted to US$546.6 million and US$139.2 million, respectively.
Apart from the above assets acquired on July 27, 2011, capital expenditures for the three months ended September 30, 2011 totaled US$22.6 million, which comprised of US$8.1 million related to design and preliminary costs associated with the Studio City Project, US$4.9 million for the development of the new Mocha Clubs site, with the remainder predominantly attributable to various projects at City of Dreams.
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MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results and the timing of selected events could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under Risk Factors and elsewhere in this prospectus.
Overview
We are a holding company that, through our subsidiaries, develops, owns and operates casino gaming and entertainment resort facilities in the Macau market. Our future operating results are subject to significant business, economic, regulatory and competitive uncertainties and risks, many of which are beyond our control.
Our primary business segments consist of:
City of Dreams
City of Dreams, opened in June 2009, currently features a casino area of approximately 420,000 square feet with a total of approximately 400 gaming tables and approximately 1,300 gaming machines; approximately 1,400 hotel rooms and suites; over 20 restaurants and bars; 69 retail outlets; a wet stage performance theater; an audio visual multimedia experience; recreation and leisure facilities, including health and fitness clubs, three swimming pools, spa and salons and banquet and meeting facilities. A wet stage performance theater with approximately 2,000 seats opened in September 2010 featuring the The House of Dancing Water show produced by Franco Dragone. The Club Cubic nightclub, with approximately 26,210 square feet of live entertainment space, opened at City of Dreams in April 2011. City of Dreams targets premium mass market and rolling chip players from regional markets across Asia.
We continue to evaluate the next phase of our development plan at City of Dreams, which we currently expect to include a five-star hotel featuring either an apartment hotel or a general hotel. Our decision on the development plan on such phase is subject to various considerations, including, among others, general market conditions, other business opportunities and the availability of additional financing. For the year ended December 31, 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2011, net revenues generated from City of Dreams amounted to US$1,638.4 million and US$1,108.3 million, representing 62.0% and 62.7% of our total net revenues, respectively.
Altira Macau
Altira Macau currently features a casino area of approximately 173,000 square feet with a total of approximately 200 gaming tables, approximately 200 hotel rooms, several fine dining and casual restaurants and recreation and leisure facilities. Altira Macau is designed to provide a casino and hotel experience that caters to Asian rolling chip players sourced primarily through gaming promoters. For the year ended December 31, 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2011, net revenues generated from Altira Macau amounted to US$859.8 million and US$577.0 million, representing 32.5% and 32.7% of our total net revenues, respectively.
Mocha Clubs
We currently operate nine Mocha Clubs with a total of more than 1,800 gaming machines in operation. Mocha Clubs focus primarily on leisure mass market gaming patrons, including day-trip customers, outside the conventional casino setting. For the year ended December 31, 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2011, net revenues generated from Mocha Clubs amounted to US$112.0 million and US$66.1 million, representing
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4.2% and 3.7% of our total net revenues, respectively. The source of revenue was substantially all from slot machines. For the year ended December 31, 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2011, slot machine revenues represented 98.5% and 98.6%, respectively, of net revenues generated from Mocha Clubs.
Corporate and Others
Our Corporate and Others segment primarily includes Taipa Square Casino, a casino on Taipa Island, Macau operating within Hotel Taipa Square, which we operate under a right-to-use agreement, and other corporate costs. For the year ended December 31, 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2011, net revenues generated from Corporate and Others segment amounted to US$31.8 million and US$15.2 million, representing 1.2% and 0.9% of our total net revenues, respectively.
Recent Development Studio City Project
On July 27, 2011, we acquired a 60% equity interest in the developer of the planned Studio City Project, which we envision as a large integrated entertainment, retail and gaming resort located in Cotai, with gaming areas, four-star and/or five-star hotel offerings, and various entertainment, retail and food and beverage outlets to attract a wide range of customers, with a particular focus on the mass market segment in Asia and in particular from Greater China. See Business Our Development Project Studio City Project.
Our net revenues for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 were US$1,416.1 million, US$1,332.9 million and US$2,642.0 million, respectively. We incurred net losses of US$2.5 million, US$308.5 million and US$10.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively. During the same periods, casino revenues accounted for 99.3%, 97.9% and 96.5% of our total net revenues, respectively. Our net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011 were US$1,141.2 million and US$1,766.5 million, respectively. We incurred a net loss of US$42.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and had a net income of US$73.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011. During the same periods, casino revenues accounted for 96.8% and 95.8% of our total net revenues, respectively.
Factors Affecting Our Operating Results
Growth of Gaming and Leisure Market in Macau
Our business is and will be influenced most significantly by the growth of the gaming market in Macau. Rapid growth in the Macau gaming market commenced with the decision to grant new gaming concessions by the Macau government in late 2001, and this growth has been facilitated by a number of drivers and initiatives which include, among others, favorable population demographics and economic growth across each of our Asian tourism source markets; substantial capital investment made by concessionaires and subconcessionaires, including us, into the development of branded and diversified destination resort properties; and the commitment by central and local governments to improve or develop infrastructure connecting Macau with its wider geography.
We expect that the local government will continue its focus of promoting the future development of Macau as a popular international destination for gaming patrons, other customers of leisure and hospitality services and MICE attendees, with the stated intention of increasing the potential universe of visitors to Macau and to extend the average length of visitor stay which has been historically short. Our business performance is expected to be impacted by changes in visitation patterns to Macau.
One of the primary drivers of Macaus growth in both gaming and non-gaming revenues has been Chinas rapid economic growth and the rapid expansion of a middle class exhibiting high savings rates and low personal debt with the opportunity to travel overseas. Continued and stable progress in the economic expansion of the domestic economy in China, any future appreciation of the Renminbi and further development of policy
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measures designed to advance economic co-operation between the Pearl River Delta, Hong Kong and Macau, transforming the region into a globally competitive hub of economic activity, is expected to serve to underpin the future development of our business opportunities.
In addition, gaming is a highly regulated industry in Macau and any adverse developments in the regulation of the gaming industry could have significant impact on our operations. For example, the Macau government has recently approved smoking control legislation, which will prohibit smoking in casinos from January 1, 2013. The legislation permits casinos to maintain designated smoking areas of up to 50% of their gaming areas which must be created by January 2013. Similar new laws or regulations may increase our costs of doing business and expose us to potential penalties and fines. See Risk Factors Risks Relating to the Gaming Industry in Macau Gaming is a highly regulated industry in Macau and adverse changes or developments in gaming laws or regulations could be difficult to comply with or significantly increase our costs, which could cause our projects to be unsuccessful for more information.
Current Economic and Operating Environment
Economic conditions have a significant impact on our business. We benefited materially from the generally strong economic environment in 2007 and the first half of 2008. Beginning in the second half of 2008 and continuing into 2009, a number of factors, including a slowdown in the global economy, contracting credit markets, reduced consumer spending, visa restrictions on travel to Macau imposed by China and fears of H1N1 influenza, negatively impacted the gaming industry in Macau and our business performance. Since the second half of 2009, the economic environment has improved and visa restrictions imposed by China have eased, with gaming win, visitation, revenue growth and other key performance measures gaining strength. Our own results have improved along with the economic recovery although there can be no assurance that this will continue to remain the case. See Risk Factors Risks Relating to Our Business and Operations in Macau Terrorism and the uncertainty of war, economic downturns and other factors affecting discretionary consumer spending and leisure travel may reduce visitation to Macau and harm our operating results.
The Development and Opening of Our Properties
Our results of operations are significantly affected by the development and opening of our properties. The commencement of operations of a property can be, and historically has been, the primary driver for changes in our results of operations. When a property commences operations, we begin recording the related revenues and expenses as well as depreciation and interest expenses. For example, the opening of City of Dreams in June 2009 had a significant impact on our results of operations as a whole in 2009 and 2010. We expect that the planned construction, development and opening of the Studio City Project will also have a significant impact on our business operations, prospects and results of operations.
Relationships with Gaming Promoters
A significant number of our rolling chip customers are brought to us by gaming promoters, also known as junket operators. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011, approximately 85.2%, 71.8%, 62.3%, 61.0% and 61.6% of our casino revenues from the rolling chip market segment were derived from customers sourced through our gaming promoters, respectively. Gaming promoters have historically played a critical role in the Macau gaming market and are important to the revenues of our casino business. Gaming promoters introduce high-spending rolling chip players to us and often assist those clients with their travel and entertainment arrangements. In addition, gaming promoters often extend credit to their players.
In exchange for their services, we pay the gaming promoters a commission based on either a percentage of the win/loss, the amount of turnover that we win or lose, or a percentage of the monthly rolling chip volume, the amount of rolling chips played at the tables. Under the revenue share-based arrangements, the gaming promoter
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participates in our gaming win/loss from the rolling chip patrons brought in by the gaming promoter. Under the monthly rolling chip volume-based arrangements, commission rates vary but do not exceed the 1.25% regulatory cap on gaming promoter commissions. In addition, to encourage gaming promoters to use our resort facilities for their rolling chip patrons in order to induce their rolling chip patrons to play at our casinos, our gaming promoters may receive complimentary allowances for food and beverage, hotel accommodation and transportation. Macau laws require that gaming promoter commissions, including the allowances offered to them, must be capped at 1.25% of rolling chip volume, regardless of the commission structure.
We believe we have good relationships with our gaming promoters and our commission levels broadly have remained stable throughout our operating history.
Competition
The Macau gaming market is rapidly evolving and increasingly competitive. At present, there are a total of six licensed gaming operators, including our subsidiary Melco Crown Gaming, under concessions and subconcessions in Macau. The existing concessions and subconcessions do not place any limit on the number of gaming facilities that may be operated under each concession or subconcession. Each of the current six operators has commenced casino operating activities and several have expansion plans announced or underway. Currently, there are 34 casinos in Macau, including 20 operated by SJM. Most of the gaming facilities scheduled to open in the next several years, including the Studio City Project, will be concentrated in Cotai, which is expected to feature a cluster of new casino resorts that are being designed on a larger scale and in the style of casino resorts located on the Las Vegas Strip. In addition, regionally, new gaming jurisdictions such as Singapore have opened in Asia, which has added to the overall competitive landscape. We compete to some extent with these new destinations. For more information, see Risk Factors Risks Relating the Gaming Industry in Macau We face intense competition in Macau and elsewhere in Asia. We may not be able to compete successfully and may lose or be unable to gain market share.
Casino Mix
Our results of operations are also affected by changes in our casino mix, in particular, the relative numbers of (i) our rolling chip gaming tables and non-rolling chip gaming tables, (ii) patrons sourced through our self-operated marketing networks and collaboration with gaming promoters and (iii) different table and machine games. As different market segments and operating formats have different revenue generation and cost structures, changes in our casino mix will have a significant impact on our operating results. For example, we provide extensive complementary services and incur certain expenses with respect to our rolling chip patrons, as a result, margins derived from our rolling chip market segment are generally lower than those from our mass market segment. In addition, margins derived from self-sourced gaming patrons are generally higher than those sourced from gaming promoters, primarily due to the higher commissions paid to the gaming promoters that we cooperate with. Furthermore, the respective rolling chip and non-rolling chip hold percentages for each of our gaming properties are different due to the differences in the mix of table and machine games, each of which has its own theoretical hold percentage, which, in turn, affect our results of operations.
Financing
We are a growing company with significant financial needs. We expect to have significant capital expenditures in the future as we continue to develop our Macau properties, in particular, the Studio City Project and potentially the next phase of City of Dreams. We have relied and intend in the future to rely on our operating cash flow and debt and equity funding to meet our financing needs and repay our indebtedness, as the case may be. See Description of Material Indebtedness.
The timing of any future debt and equity financing activities will be dependent on our funding needs, our development and construction schedule, the availability of funds on acceptable terms to us, and prevailing market
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conditions. We may carry out activities from time to time to strengthen our financial position and ability to better fund our business expansion. Such activities may include refinancing existing debt, monetizing assets, sale-and-leaseback transactions or other similar activities.
Key Performance Indicators, or KPIs
We use the following KPIs to evaluate our casino operations, including table games and gaming machines:
Table Games:
| Table games win: the amount of wagers won net of wagers lost that is retained and recorded as casino revenue. |
| Drop: the amount of cash and net markers issued that are deposited in a gaming tables drop box to purchase gaming chips, plus gaming chips purchased at the casino cage. |
In the rolling chip market segment, customers purchase identifiable chips known as non-negotiable chips, or rolling chips, from the casino cage, and there is no deposit into a gaming tables drop box of rolling chips purchased from the cage. We also use additional indicators to monitor table games performance for rolling chip and mass market segments;
| Rolling chip volume: the amount of non-negotiable gaming chips wagered and lost by the rolling chip market segment. |
| Rolling chip hold percentage: rolling chip table games win as a percentage of rolling chip volume. |
| Non-rolling chip volume: the amount of table games drop in the mass market segment. |
| Non-rolling chip hold percentage: mass market table games win as a percentage of non-rolling chip volume. |
Rolling chip volume and non-rolling chip volume are not equivalent. Rolling chip volume is a measure of amounts wagered and lost. Non-rolling chip volume measures buy in. Rolling chip volume is generally substantially higher than non-rolling chip volume. As these volumes are the denominator used in calculating hold percentage, with the same use of gaming win as the numerator, the hold percentage is generally lower in the rolling chip market segment than in the mass market segment.
Gaming Machines:
| Gaming machine handle (volume): the total amount wagered in gaming machines in aggregate for the period cited. |
| Gaming machine hold percentage: actual win expressed as a percentage of gaming machine handle. |
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The table below sets forth our rolling chip volume, non-rolling chip volume, gaming machine handle and hold percentages for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011.
Year Ended December 31, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
(in millions of US$, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Altira Macau |
||||||||||||||||||||
Non-rolling chip volume |
353.2 | 273.0 | 377.1 | 147.6 | 287.3 | |||||||||||||||
Non-rolling chip hold percentage |
14.6 | % | 16.0 | % | 16.2 | % | 16.6 | % | 16.7 | % | ||||||||||
Rolling chip volume |
62,331.9 | 37,510.3 | 40,266.4 | 19,372.0 | 25,913.5 | |||||||||||||||
Rolling chip hold percentage |
2.85 | % | 2.55 | % | 2.91 | % | 3.01 | % | 2.96 | % | ||||||||||
Gaming machine handle |
166.9 | | | | | |||||||||||||||
Gaming machine hold percentage |
8.0 | % | | | | | ||||||||||||||
City of Dreams |
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Non-rolling chip volume |
| 912.6 | 2,059.4 | 963.1 | 1,397.5 | |||||||||||||||
Non-rolling chip hold percentage |
| 16.3 | % | 21.5 | % | 21.2 | % | 23.1 | % | |||||||||||
Rolling chip volume |
| 20,273.1 | 51,723.4 | 21,971.3 | 38.134.8 | |||||||||||||||
Rolling chip hold percentage |
| 2.65 | % | 2.92 | % | 2.60 | % | 2.69 | % | |||||||||||
Gaming machine handle |
| 738.1 | 1,849.9 | 899.1 | 1,080.2 | |||||||||||||||
Gaming machine hold percentage |
| 5.1 | % | 5.6 | % | 5.4 | % | 6.2 | % | |||||||||||
Mocha Clubs |
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Gaming machine handle |
2,064.5 | 2,179.1 | 2,625.8 | 1,253.4 | 1,458.8 | |||||||||||||||
Gaming machine hold percentage |
4.4 | % | 4.4 | % | 4.2 | % | 4.2 | % | 4.5 | % |
Our combined expected rolling chip hold percentage (calculated before discounts and commissions) across our properties is in the range of 2.7% to 3.0%. Our combined expected non-rolling chip hold percentage is in the range from 18% to 22%, which is based on the mix of table games at our casino properties as each table game has its own theoretical hold percentage. Our combined expected gaming machine hold percentage is in the range from 5% to 6%.
We use the following KPIs to evaluate our hotel operations:
| Average daily rate: calculated by dividing total room revenue (less service charges, if any) by total rooms occupied, i.e., average price of occupied rooms per day. |
| Occupancy rate: the average percentage of available hotel rooms occupied during a period. |
| Revenue per available room, or REVPAR: calculated by dividing total room revenue (less service charges, if any) by total rooms available, thereby representing a summary of hotel average daily room rates and occupancy. |
Complimentary rooms, which are set at a discount from standard walk-in rates, are included in the calculation of these measures. As not all available rooms are occupied, average daily room rates are normally higher than revenue per available room.
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The table below sets forth our average daily rate, occupancy rate and revenue per available room for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011.
Year Ended December 31, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
(in US$, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Altira Macau |
||||||||||||||||||||
Average daily rate |
236 | 219 | 166 | 166 | 198 | |||||||||||||||
Occupancy rate |
94 | % | 92 | % | 94 | % | 92 | % | 97 | % | ||||||||||
Revenue per available room |
222 | 201 | 156 | 153 | 192 | |||||||||||||||
City of Dreams |
||||||||||||||||||||
Average daily rate |
| 159 | 157 | 152 | 170 | |||||||||||||||
Occupancy rate |
| 84 | % | 80 | % | 78 | % | 89 | % | |||||||||||
Revenue per available room |
| 133 | 126 | 118 | 151 |
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Managements discussion and analysis of our results of operations and liquidity and capital resources are based on our consolidated financial statements. Our consolidated financial statements were prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP. Certain of our accounting policies require that management apply significant judgment in defining the appropriate assumptions integral to financial estimates. On an ongoing basis, management evaluates those estimates, including those relating to the estimated lives of depreciable assets, asset impairment, fair value of restricted shares and shares options granted, allowances for doubtful accounts, accruals for customer loyalty rewards, revenue recognition, income tax and fair value of derivative instruments and hedging activities. Judgments are based on historical experience, terms of existing contracts, industry trends and information available from outside sources, as appropriate. However, by their nature, judgments are subject to an inherent degree of uncertainty, and therefore actual results could differ from our estimates.
We believe that the critical accounting policies discussed below affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Property and Equipment and Other Long-lived Assets
During the construction and development stage of our casino gaming and entertainment resort facilities, direct and incremental costs related to the design and construction, including costs under the construction contracts, duties and tariffs, equipment installation, shipping costs, payroll and payroll-benefit related costs, depreciation of plant and equipment used, applicable portions of interest and amortization of deferred financing costs, are capitalized in property and equipment. The capitalization of such costs begins when the construction and development of a project starts and ceases once the construction is substantially completed or development activity is suspended for more than a brief period. Pre-opening costs, consisting of marketing and other expenses related to our new or start-up operations and resort facilities are expensed as incurred.
Depreciation and amortization expense related to capitalized construction costs and other property and equipment is recognized from the time each asset is placed in service. This may occur at different stages as casino gaming and entertainment resort facilities are completed and opened.
Property and equipment and other long-lived assets with a finite useful life are depreciated and amortized on a straight-line basis over the assets estimated useful life. The estimated useful lives are based on factors including the nature of the assets, its relationship to other assets, our operating plans and anticipated use and other economic and legal factors that impose limits. The remaining estimated useful lives of assets are periodically reviewed, including when changes in our business and the operating environment could result in a change in our use of those assets.
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Estimated useful lives are as follows:
Classification |
Estimated useful life | |
Buildings |
7 to 25 years or over the term of the land use right agreement, whichever is shorter | |
Furniture, fixtures and equipment |
2 to 10 years | |
Plant and gaming machinery |
3 to 5 years | |
Leasehold improvements |
10 years or over the lease term, whichever is shorter | |
Motor vehicles |
5 years |
Our land use rights in Macau under the land concession contracts for Altira Macau and City of Dreams are being amortized over the estimated lease term of the land on a straight-line basis. The expiry dates of the leases of the land use rights of Altira Macau and City of Dreams are March 2031 and August 2033, respectively. The maximum useful life of assets at Altira Macau and City of Dreams is therefore deemed to be the remaining life of the land concession contract. The amortization of land use rights is recognized from the date construction commences.
We will evaluate whether the term of the land concession contract is to be extended when it is probable that definitive registration will be obtained prior to the end of the land grant term.
Costs of repairs and maintenance are charged to expense when incurred. The cost and accumulated depreciation of property and equipment retired or otherwise disposed of are eliminated from the respective accounts and any resulting gain or loss is included in operating income or loss.
Our total capital expenditures for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011 were US$1,191.2 million, US$828.7 million, US$119.7 million, US$64.4 million and US$15.8 million, respectively, of which 96.4%, 97.5%, 78.8%, 95.5% and 77.7%, were attributable to City of Dreams, respectively. The decreases in our capital expenditures for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011 were in line with the decreased level of construction and development activities of City of Dreams. In July 2011, we acquired a 60% interest in the developer of the Studio City Project, for which we expect to incur significant capital expenditures. See Capital Expenditures for more information.
We also evaluate the recoverability of our property and equipment and other long-lived assets with finite lives whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of the carrying value of those assets to be held and used is measured by first grouping our long-lived assets into asset groups and, secondly, estimating the undiscounted future cash flows that are directly associated with and expected to arise from the use of and eventual disposition of such asset group. We define an asset group as the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities and estimate the undiscounted cash flows over the remaining useful life of the primary asset within the asset group. If the carrying value of the asset group exceeds the estimated undiscounted cash flows, we record an impairment loss to the extent the carrying value of the long-lived asset exceeds its fair value with fair value typically based on a discounted cash flow model. If an asset is still under development, future cash flows include remaining construction costs. All recognized impairment losses, whether for assets to be disposed of or assets to be held and used, are recorded as operating expenses.
During the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2009, impairment losses of US$17,000 and US$282,000, respectively, were recognized to write off gaming equipment due to the reconfiguration of the casino at Altira Macau to meet the evolving demands of gaming patrons and target specific segments. During the year ended December 31, 2009, an impairment loss of US$2.9 million was recognized to write off the construction in progress carried out at the Macau Peninsula site following termination of the related acquisition agreement in December 2009. In May 2006, we entered into a conditional agreement to acquire a third development site,
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which is located on the shoreline of Macau Peninsula. The targeted purchase completion date for the acquisition passed and certain condition precedent to completion was not satisfied. The acquisition agreement was terminated by the relevant parties on December 17, 2009. Our decision to terminate the agreement to acquire the Macau Peninsula site was based on our view that Cotai has established itself as the primary location for future development projects. No impairment loss was recognized during the year ended December 31, 2010 and the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011.
Gaming Subconcession
The Macau government granted Melco Crown Gaming the right to operate its gaming business in Macau, for a period of 16 years, until the expiration of the subconcession on June 26, 2022. Melco Crown Gaming paid consideration of US$900 million to Wynn Macau for the subconcession. See Regulations The Subconcession. Our subconcession is amortized using the straight-line method over the term of subconcession contract which is due to expire on June 26, 2022. As of June 30, 2011, the carrying amount of our subconcession was US$628.1 million.
Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets
We review the carrying value of goodwill and purchased intangible assets with indefinite useful lives, representing the trademarks of Mocha Clubs, arose from the acquisition of Mocha Slot Group Limited and its subsidiaries by our company in 2006, for impairment at least on an annual basis or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. To assess potential impairment of goodwill, we perform an assessment of the carrying value of our reporting units at least on an annual basis or when events and changes in circumstances occur that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of our reporting units below their carrying value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, we would perform the second step in our assessment process and record an impairment loss to earnings to the extent the carrying amount of the reporting units goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. We estimate the fair value of our reporting units through internal analysis and external valuations, which utilize income and market valuation approaches through the application of capitalized earnings, discounted cash flow and market comparable methods. These valuation techniques are based on a number of estimates and assumptions, including the projected future operating results of the reporting unit, appropriate discount rates, long-term growth rates and appropriate market comparables.
A detailed evaluation was performed as of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and each computed fair value of our reporting unit was significantly in excess of the carrying amount, respectively. As a result of this evaluation, we determined that no impairment of goodwill existed as of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010.
Trademarks of Mocha Clubs are tested for impairment at least annually or when significant adverse events occur that would impact the recoverability of the carrying value, using the relief-from-royalty method and we determined that no impairment of trademarks existed as of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010. Under this method, we estimate the fair value of the trademarks through internal and external valuations, mainly based on the incremental after-tax cash flow representing the royalties that we are relieved from paying given we are the owner of the trademarks. These valuation techniques are based on a number of estimates and assumptions, including the projected future revenues of the trademarks, calculated using an appropriate royalty rate, appropriate discount rate and long-term growth rates.
Share-based Compensation
We issued restricted shares and share options under a share incentive plan adopted and revised by our board on November 28, 2006 and March 17, 2009 and approved by the shareholders on December 1, 2006 and May 19 2009, respectively, or the 2006 Share Incentive Plan. After our listing on the HKSE, all awards will be granted under a share incentive plan conditionally adopted by us pursuant to a resolution passed by our shareholder at an extraordinary general meeting on October 6, 2011, or the 2011 Share Incentive Plan. We measure the cost of
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employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award and recognize the cost over the service period in accordance with applicable accounting standards. We use the Black-Scholes valuation model to value the equity instruments issued. The Black-Scholes valuation model requires the use of highly subjective assumptions of expected volatility of the underlying stock, risk-free interest rates and the expected term of options granted. Management determines these assumptions through internal analysis and external valuations utilizing current market rates, making industry comparisons and reviewing conditions relevant to us.
The expected volatility and expected term assumptions can impact the fair value of restricted shares and share options. Because of our limited trading history in the United States as a public company, we estimate the expected volatility based on the historical volatility of a peer group of publicly traded companies, and estimate the expected term based upon the vesting term or the historical expected term of publicly traded companies. We believe that the valuation techniques and the approach utilized in developing our assumptions are reasonable in calculating the fair value of the restricted shares and share options we granted. For 2011 awards, a 10% change in the volatility assumption would have resulted in a US$0.6 million change in fair value and a 10% change in the expected term assumption would have resulted in a US$0.3 million change in fair value. These assumed changes in fair value would have been recognized over the vesting schedule of such awards. It should be noted that a change in expected term would cause other changes, since the risk-free rate and volatility assumptions are specific to the term; we did not attempt to adjust those assumptions in performing the sensitivity analysis above.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue at the time persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the service is provided or the retail goods are sold, prices are fixed or determinable and collection is reasonably assured.
Casino revenues are measured by the aggregate net difference between gaming wins and losses less accruals for the anticipated payouts of progressive slot jackpots, with liabilities recognized for funds deposited by customers before gaming play occurs and for chips in the customers possession.
We follow the accounting standards on reporting revenue gross as a principal versus net as an agent, when accounting for the operations of the Taipa Square Casino and the Grand Hyatt Macau hotel. For the operations of Taipa Square Casino, given that we operate the casino under a right to use agreement with the owner of the casino premises and have full responsibility for the casino operations in accordance with our gaming subconcession, we are the principal and casino revenue is therefore recognized on a gross basis. For the operations of Grand Hyatt Macau hotel, we are the owner of the hotel property and Hyatt operates the hotel under a management agreement as hotel manager, providing management services to us, and we receive all rewards and take substantial risks associated with the hotel business. As such, we are the principal and the transactions of the hotel are therefore recognized on a gross basis.
Rooms, food and beverage, entertainment, retail and other revenues are recognized when services are performed. Advance deposits on rooms and advance ticket sales are recorded as customer deposits until services are provided to the customer. Minimum operating and right to use fee, adjusted for contractual base fee and operating fee escalations, are included in entertainment, retail and other revenues and are recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the related agreement.
Revenues are recognized net of certain sales incentives which are required to be recorded as a reduction of revenue; consequently, our casino revenues are reduced by discounts, commissions and points earned in customer loyalty programs, such as the players club loyalty program.
The retail value of rooms, food and beverage, entertainment, retail and other services furnished to guests without charge is included in gross revenues and then deducted as promotional allowances. The estimated cost of providing such promotional allowances is reclassified from rooms costs, food and beverage costs, and entertainment, retail and other services costs and is primarily included in casino expenses.
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Accounts Receivable and Credit Risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject our company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of casino receivables. We issue credit in the form of markers to approved casino customers, including our gaming promoters, following investigations of creditworthiness. Such accounts receivable can be offset against commissions payable and any other valued items held by us for the respective customer. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011, approximately 85.2%, 71.8%, 62.3%, 61.0% and 61.6% of our casino revenues were derived from customers sourced through our gaming promoters, respectively. Business or economic conditions, the legal enforceability of gaming debts, or other significant events in foreign countries could affect the collectability of receivables from customers and gaming promoters residing in foreign countries. Accounts are written off when management deems it is probable the receivable is uncollectible. Recoveries of accounts previously written off are recorded when received. An estimated allowance for doubtful debts is maintained to reduce our receivables to their carrying amounts, which approximate fair values. The allowance is estimated based on our specific review of customer accounts, either on an individual account basis or for groups of similar types of gaming credit accounts, as well as managements experience with collection trends in the casino industry, including our own collection efforts to date and current economic and business conditions. Such factors are used by us to determine and apply our standard reserve percentages for each group of similar type aged account balance. For those balances over a specified dollar amount, our review is based upon the age of the specific account balance, the customers financial condition, collection history and any other known information. At June 30, 2011, a 100 basis-point change in the estimated allowance for doubtful debts as a percentage of casino receivables would change the provision for doubtful debts by approximately US$3.0 million. As of October 31, 2011, the settlement amount for the accounts receivable as of June 30, 2011 was US$199.9 million, representing 65.5% of the accounts receivable before doubtful debts provision.
Income Tax
Deferred income taxes are recognized for all significant temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities are individually classified as current and non-current based on the characteristics of the underlying assets and liabilities. Current income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws of the relevant taxing authorities. As of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and June 30, 2011, we recorded valuation allowances of US$16.1 million, US$33.1 million, US$47.2 million and US$50.6 million, respectively, as management does not believe that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized. Our assessment considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and severity of current and cumulative losses, forecasts of future profitability, and the duration of statutory carryforward periods. To the extent that the financial results of our operations improve and it becomes more likely than not that the deferred tax assets are realizable, the valuation allowance will be reduced.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
We seek to manage market risk, including interest rate risk associated with variable rate borrowings and exchange rate risk associated with interest payment of the borrowings denominated in foreign currencies, through balancing fixed-rate and variable-rate borrowings with the use of derivative financial instruments such as floating-for-fixed interest rate swap agreements and forward exchange rate contracts. We account for derivative financial instruments in accordance with applicable accounting standards. All derivative instruments are recognized in the consolidated financial statements at fair value at the balance sheet date. Any changes in fair value are recorded in the consolidated statement of operations or in accumulated other comprehensive losses, depending on whether the derivative is designated and qualifies for hedge accounting, the type of hedge transaction and the effectiveness of the hedge. The estimated fair values of our derivative instruments are based
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on a standard valuation model that projects future cash flows and discounts those future cash flows to a present value using market-based observable inputs such as interest rate yields and market forward exchange rates.
Description of Certain Line Items of Our Consolidated Statement of Operations
Net Revenues
The following table sets out a breakdown of our net revenues by type for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011.
Year Ended December 31, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands of US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Casino |
1,405,932 | 1,304,634 | 2,550,542 | 1,104,839 | 1,692,361 | |||||||||||||||
Rooms |
17,084 | 41,215 | 83,718 | 39,335 | 49,323 | |||||||||||||||
Food and beverage, entertainment, retail and others |
21,503 | 40,057 | 89,358 | 38,167 | 70,508 | |||||||||||||||
Less: Promotional allowances |
(28,385 | ) | (53,033 | ) | (81,642 | ) | (41,096 | ) | (45,650 | ) | ||||||||||
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Net revenues |
1,416,134 | 1,332,873 | 2,641,976 | 1,141,245 | 1,766,542 | |||||||||||||||
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We generate revenues from our casino, rooms, food and beverage, entertainment, retail and other operations. Our casino revenues from the rolling chip table game segment is generated from premium direct players who independently visit us or customers that are referred to us by our associated gaming promoters. Our casino revenues from mass market table games segment is generated by table games customers who visit the property independent of a gaming promoter. Our casino revenues from gaming machine operations is based on the amount of handle that is retained by us. Both City of Dreams and Altira Macau also operate hotel rooms and suites.
The following table sets out a breakdown of our net revenues by segment for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011.
Year Ended December 31, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands of US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||
City of Dreams |
| 552,141 | 1,638,401 | 645,644 | 1,108,276 | |||||||||||||||
Altira Macau |
1,313,047 | 658,043 | 859,755 | 427,846 | 576,952 | |||||||||||||||
Mocha Clubs |
91,967 | 97,984 | 111,984 | 53,638 | 66,142 | |||||||||||||||
Corporate and Others(1) |
11,120 | 24,705 | 31,836 | 14,117 | 15,172 | |||||||||||||||
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Total net revenues |
1,416,134 | 1,332,873 | 2,641,976 | 1,141,245 | 1,766,542 | |||||||||||||||
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Note:
(1) | Includes Taipa Square Casino. |
City of Dreams. Net revenues generated from City of Dreams business amounted to US$552.1 million and US$1,638.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010, respectively, and US$645.6 million and US$1,108.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011, respectively. Our City of Dreams net revenues mainly consist of casino revenues from rolling chip table games segment, mass market table games segment and gaming machines operations. The remaining revenues are rooms and other non-casino revenues, including revenues generated from The House of Dancing Water, which opened in September 2010.
Altira Macau. Net revenues generated from Altira Macau amounted to US$1,313.0 million, US$658.0 million and US$859.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively, and US$427.8 million and US$577.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011, respectively. Our Altira Macaus net revenues mainly consist of casino revenues from rolling chip table games segment and mass market table games segment. The remaining revenues are rooms and other non-casino revenues.
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Mocha Clubs. Net revenues generated from Mocha Clubs amounted to US$92.0 million, US$98.0 million and US$112.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively, and US$53.6 million and US$66.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011, respectively. Our Mocha Clubs net revenues are mainly generated from gaming machine operations.
Operating Costs and Expenses
Operating costs and expenses consist of casino, rooms, food and beverage, entertainment, retail and other costs and expenses, general and administrative expenses, depreciation and amortization, amortization of gaming subconcession, amortization of land use rights, pre-opening costs and property charges and others.
Casino expenses. Casino expenses consist primarily of gaming taxes, a gaming premium, commissions paid to our associated gaming promoters (net of amounts indirectly rebated to customers), payroll expenses and gaming supplies. Gaming taxes include a 35% special gaming tax and a 4.0% special levy on gaming revenues payable to the Macau government. The annual premium consists of a fixed premium and a variable premium based on the number of VIP gaming tables, mass market gaming tables and gaming machines. Commissions paid to our associated gaming promoters (net of amounts indirectly rebated to customers) amounted to US$253.9 million, US$180.9 million and US$238.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 respectively, and US$104.1 million and US$161.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011, respectively. Estimated costs of providing promotional allowances, which include rooms, food and beverage, entertainment, retail and other services furnished to guests without charge, are also primarily included in casino expenses.
Room expenses. Room expenses consist primarily of payroll expenses, supplies and laundry expenses.
General administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses include payroll, marketing and advertising and other property operating expenses.
Pre-opening costs. Pre-opening costs relate primarily to personnel training, marketing, advertising and other administrative costs in connection with new or start-up operations, which are expensed as incurred.
Adjusted Property EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA
Our adjusted property EBITDA were US$188.3 million, US$95.8 million and US$489.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively, and US$185.9 million and US$372.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011, respectively. Adjusted property EBITDA of Altira Macau, City of Dreams and Mocha Clubs were US$133.7 million, US$326.3 million and US$29.8 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2010 and US$114.1 million, US$237.4 million and US$21.4 million, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2011. Our adjusted EBITDA were US$157.0 million, US$55.8 million and US$430.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively, and US$160.3 million and US$337.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011, respectively. Our management uses adjusted property EBITDA to measure the operating performance of our Altira Macau, City of Dreams and Mocha Clubs businesses, and to compare the operating performance of our properties with those of our competitors. Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted property EBITDA are also presented as supplemental disclosures because management believes they are widely used to measure performance and as a basis for valuation of gaming companies. Our management also uses adjusted property EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA because they are used by some investors as a way to measure a companys ability to incur and service debt, make capital expenditures and meet working capital requirements. Gaming companies have historically reported similar measures as a supplement to financial measures in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, in particular, U.S. GAAP or IFRS.
However, adjusted property EBITDA or adjusted EBITDA should not be considered in isolation, construed as an alternative to profit or operating profit, treated as an indicator of our U.S. GAAP operating performance,
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other operating operations or cash flow data, or interpreted as an alternative to cash flow as a measure of liquidity. Adjusted property EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA presented in this prospectus may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies operating in the gaming or other business sectors. While our management believes these figures may provide useful additional information to investors when considered in conjunction with our U.S. GAAP financial statements and other information in this document, less reliance should be placed on adjusted property EBITDA or adjusted EBITDA as a measure in assessing our overall financial performance.
Results of Operations
Our historical financial results may not be characteristic of our potential future results as we continue to expand and refine our service offerings at our properties. In addition to our debt facility, we currently rely on operating cash flows from three businesses, City of Dreams, Altira Macau and Mocha Clubs, all of which are in Macau, which expose us to certain risks that competitors, whose operations are more diversified, may be better able to control. The following summarizes the results of our operations for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011.
Year Ended December 31, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands of US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net revenues |
1,416,134 | 1,332,873 | 2,641,976 | 1,141,245 | 1,766,542 | |||||||||||||||
Total operating costs and expenses |
(1,414,960 | ) | (1,604,920 | ) | (2,549,464 | ) | (1,142,479 | ) | (1,602,740 | ) | ||||||||||
Operating income (loss) |
1,174 | (272,047 | ) | 92,512 | (1,234 | ) | 163,802 | |||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
(2,463 | ) | (308,461 | ) | (10,525 | ) | (42,575 | ) | 73,808 |
The opening of City of Dreams in June 2009 and the progressive addition to its operations, including the opening of Grand Hyatt Macau in the fourth quarter of 2009 and the opening of The House of Dancing Water in September 2010, have significant impact on our results of operations for the periods presented.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2011 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2010
Revenues
Our total net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2011 were US$1.77 billion, an increase of US$625.3 million, or 54.8%, from US$1.14 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2010. The increase in total net revenues was primarily driven by the significant improvements in operating performance at City of Dreams and Altira Macau, as well as contributions from The House of Dancing Water.
Our total net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2011 comprised of US$1.69 billion of casino revenues, representing 95.8% of our total net revenues, and US$74.2 million of net non-casino revenues (total non-casino revenues after deduction of promotional allowances). Our total net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2010 comprised of US$1.10 billion of casino revenues, representing 96.8% of our total net revenues, and US$36.4 million of net non-casino revenues.
Casino. Casino revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2011 were US$1.69 billion, representing a US$587.5 million, or 53.2%, increase from casino revenues of US$1.10 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2010, primarily due to an increase in casino revenues at City of Dreams of US$424.6 million, or 68.8%, and at Altira Macau of US$149.4 million, or 35.5%. This increase was primarily driven by increased rolling chip and non-rolling chip volume at both City of Dreams and Altira Macau.
Altira Macau. Altira Macaus rolling chip volume for the six months ended June 30, 2011 was US$25.9 billion, representing an increase of US$6.5 billion, or 33.8%, from US$19.4 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2010. Rolling chip hold percentage (calculated before discounts and commissions) was 2.96% for the
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six months ended June 30, 2011, within our expected level of 2.7% to 3.0%, and a slight decrease from 3.01% for the six months ended June 30, 2010. In the mass market table games segment, non-rolling chip volume was US$287.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011, representing an increase of 94.6% from US$147.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010. The non-rolling chip hold percentage was 16.7% for the six months ended June 30, 2011, within our expected range for that period of 16.0% to 20.0% and a slight increase from 16.6% for the six months ended June 30, 2010.
City of Dreams. City of Dreams rolling chip volume for the six months ended June 30, 2011 of US$38.1 billion represented an increase of US$16.2 billion, or 73.6%, from US$22.0 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2010. Rolling chip hold percentage (calculated before discounts and commissions) was 2.69% for the six months ended June 30, 2011, slightly below our expected range of 2.7% to 3.0%, and an improvement from 2.60% for the six months ended June 30, 2010. In the mass market table games segment, non-rolling chip volume was US$1,397.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011 which represented an increase of US$434.4 million, or 45.1%, from US$963.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010. The non-rolling chip hold percentage was 23.1% in the six months ended June 30, 2011, which is within our expected range for that period of 21.0% to 25.0% and increased from 21.2% for the six months ended June 30, 2010. Average net win per gaming machine per day was US$286 for the six months ended June 30, 2011, an increase of US$80, or 38.8%, from US$206 for the six months ended June 30, 2010.
Mocha Clubs. Mocha Clubs average net win per gaming machine per day for the six months ended June 30, 2011 was US$229, an increase of approximately US$43, or 23.1%, from US$186 for the six months ended June 30, 2010.
Rooms. Room revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2011 were US$49.3 million, representing a US$10.0 million, or 25.4%, increase from room revenues of US$39.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 primarily due to increase in visitation and positive impact from the opening of The House of Dancing Water in September 2010. Altira Macaus average daily rate, occupancy rate and REVPAR were US$198, 97% and US$192, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2011, as compared to US$166, 92% and US$153, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2010. City of Dreams average daily rate, occupancy rate and REVPAR were US$170, 89% and US$151, respectively for the six months ended June 30, 2011, as compared to US$152, 78% and US$118, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2010.
Food, beverage and others. Other non-casino revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2011 included food and beverage revenues of US$29.3 million, and entertainment, retail and other revenues of approximately US$41.2 million. Other non-casino revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2010 included food and beverage revenues of US$27.4 million, and entertainment, retail and other revenues of approximately US$10.8 million. The increase of US$32.3 million in food, beverage and other revenues from the six months ended June 30, 2010 to the six months ended June 30, 2011 was primarily due to an increase in visitation and positive impact from the opening of The House of Dancing Water, in September 2010.
Operating costs and expenses
Total operating costs and expenses were US$1.60 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2011, representing an increase of US$460.3 million, or 40.3%, from US$1.14 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2010. The increase in operating costs was primarily due to an increase in operating costs at City of Dreams and Altira Macau in line with the increased gaming volume and associated increase in revenues, as well as the increase in operating costs associated with the opening of The House of Dancing Water in September 2010.
Casino. Casino expenses increased by US$407.9 million, or 47.1%, to US$1.27 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2011 from US$865.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 primarily due to additional gaming tax and other levies and commission expenses of US$317.1 million and US$57.8 million, respectively, as a result of the increased casino revenues as well as other operating costs, such as payroll and utility expenses of US$33.0 million.
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Rooms. Room expenses, which represent the costs in operating the hotel facilities at Altira Macau and City of Dreams, increased by 33.4% to US$9.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011 from US$6.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, primarily due to increased occupancy as a result of increased visitation.
Food, beverage and others. Food, beverage and others expenses increased by US$26.2 million, or 134.7%, to US$45.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011 from US$19.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, primarily driven by the increased visitation of The House of Dancing Water, which opened in September 2010.
General and administrative. General and administrative expenses increased by US$13.0 million, or 14.2%, to US$104.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011 from US$91.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, primarily due to an increase in payroll expenses, utilities and transportation costs to support the substantially improved performance at City of Dreams and Altira Macau.
Pre-opening costs. Pre-opening costs were US$1.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011 as compared to US$7.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010. Such costs relate primarily to personnel training, marketing, advertising and other administrative costs in connection with new or start-up operations. Pre-opening costs for the six months ended June 30, 2011 related to the opening of Club Cubic at City of Dreams in April 2011 and the pre-opening costs for six months ended June 30, 2010 related to the opening of The House of Dancing Water.
Amortization of gaming subconcession. Amortization of our gaming subconcession continued to be recognized on a straight-line basis at US$28.6 million for each of the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011.
Amortization of land use rights. Amortization of land use rights expenses was US$9.8 million for each of the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense increased by US$14.4 million, or 12.7%, to US$128.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011 from US$113.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 primarily due to depreciation of assets placed into service associated with the opening of The House of Dancing Water in September 2010.
Property charges and others. Property charges and others for the six months ended June 30, 2011 were US$1.0 million, which related to a donation made to support relief efforts for the Japan earthquake. Property charges and others for the six months ended June 30, 2010 were a gain of US$34,000 attributable to the reversal of provision made in 2009 for re-branding of Altira Macau.
Non-operating expenses
Non-operating expenses consist of interest income, interest expenses, net of capitalized interest, amortization of deferred financing costs, loan commitment fees, foreign exchange gain, net, costs associated with debt modification, loss on extinguishment of debt and reclassification of accumulated losses of interest rate swap agreements from accumulated other comprehensive losses.
Interest income was US$0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011, as compared to US$0.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010. The increase is primarily driven by improvements in our operating cash flows as a result of the significant improvements in operating performance during the six months ended June 30, 2011.
Interest expenses were US$54.9 million with no interest capitalized for the six months ended June 30, 2011, compared to US$36.9 million, net of capitalized interest of US$8.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010. The increase in net interest expenses of US$17.9 million was primarily due to US$23.3 million of higher
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interest expenses associated with the issuance of the Senior Notes in May 2010 as a full half-year of fixed interest was recognized for the six months ended June 30, 2011, an increase of US$3.0 million for interest charges on the RMB Bonds and the deposit-linked loan issued in May 2011, together with a decrease in capitalized interest of US$8.2 million as such charges were not eligible for capitalization following the opening of The House of Dancing Water in September 2010, offset in part by a decrease of US$16.3 million of interest charges on our City of Dreams Project Facility, net of interest on interest rate swap agreements, primarily due to a lower outstanding balance as a result of repayments made in accordance to the amortization schedule.
Other finance costs for the six months ended June 30, 2011 of US$8.7 million, included US$8.2 million of amortization of deferred financing costs and loan commitment fees of US$0.5 million. Other finance costs for the six months ended June 30, 2010 of US$2.6 million, included US$6.9 million of amortization of deferred financing costs and a credit amount of US$4.3 million of loan commitment fees. The increase in amortization of deferred financing costs compared to the six months ended June 30, 2010 was primarily due to the amortization of additional costs capitalized as deferred financing costs relating to the RMB Bonds issued in May 2011 and recognition of a full half year of amortization of such costs related to the issuance of the Senior Notes in May 2010. The credit amount of loan commitment fees during the six months ended June 30, 2010 included a reversal of commitment fee not required of US$4.6 million.
Costs associated with debt modification of US$3.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 related to the amendment of the City of Dreams Project Facility in May 2010 which included a write off on the balance of unamortized deferred financing costs relating to the reduced borrowing capacity of the revolving credit facility granted under the City of Dreams Project Facility, originally for a sum of US$250.0 million. There were no costs associated with debt modification for the six months ended June 30, 2011.
The amendment of the City of Dreams Project Facility completed on June 30, 2011, as described in Description of Material Indebtedness, was primarily accounted for as an extinguishment of debt resulting in a loss on extinguishment of US$25.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011. There were no loss on extinguishment of debt for the six months ended June 30, 2010.
The reclassification of US$4.3 million relating to the accumulated losses of interest rate swap agreements from accumulated other comprehensive losses to consolidated statements of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2011 was required as such swap agreements no longer qualified for hedge accounting immediately after the amendment of the City of Dreams Project Facility on June 30, 2011.
Income tax credit (expenses)
The effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2011 was a positive rate of 0.1%, as compared to a positive rate of 0.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2010. Such rates for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 differ from the statutory Macau complementary tax rate of 12% primarily due to the effect of change in valuation allowance on the net deferred tax assets for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 and the effect of a tax holiday of US$25.3 million and US$5.0 million on the net income of our Macau gaming operations during the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively due to our income tax exemption in Macau, which is set to expire in 2016. Our management does not anticipate recording an income tax benefit related to deferred tax assets generated by our Macau operations; however, to the extent that the financial results of our Macau operations improve and it becomes more likely than not that the deferred tax assets are realizable, we will be able to reduce the valuation allowance through earnings.
Net income (loss)
As a result of the foregoing, we had a net income of US$73.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011, compared to a net loss of US$42.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010.
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Year Ended December 31, 2010 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2009
Revenues
Our total net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2010 were US$2.64 billion, an increase of US$1.31 billion, or 98.2%, from US$1.33 billion for the year ended December 31, 2009. The increase in total net revenues was primarily driven by the improvement in results, and a full year operation in 2010, of City of Dreams which opened in June 2009 and generated US$1.09 billion more in net revenues as compared to the year ended December 31, 2009, as well as an increase in rolling chip volume and hold percentage at Altira Macau.
Our total net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2010 comprised of US$2.55 billion of casino revenues, representing 96.5% of our total net revenues, and US$91.4 million of net non-casino revenues (total non-casino revenues after deduction of promotional allowances). Our total net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2009 comprised of US$1.30 billion of casino revenues, representing 97.9% of our total net revenues, and US$28.2 million of net non-casino revenues.
Casino. Casino revenues for the year ended December 31, 2010 were US$2.55 billion, representing a US$1.25 billion, or 95.5%, increase from casino revenues of US$1.30 billion for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the casino revenues of US$1.03 billion attributable to a full-year operation and improvement in results of City of Dreams which opened in June 2009, and an increase in casino revenues generated by Altira Macau from US$653.0 million to US$846.9 million which was primarily driven by an increase in rolling chip volume and higher rolling chip hold percentage.
Altira Macau. Altira Macaus rolling chip volume for the year ended December 31, 2010 was US$40.3 billion, representing an increase of US$2.8 billion from US$37.5 billion for the year ended December 31, 2009. Rolling chip hold percentage (calculated before discounts and commissions) was 2.91% for the year ended December 31, 2010, within our expected level of 2.7% to 3.0%, and an increase from 2.55% for the year ended December 31, 2009. In the mass market table games segment, non-rolling chip volume was US$377.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, representing an increase of 38.2% from US$273.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. The non-rolling chip hold percentage was 16.2% for the year ended December 31, 2010, within our expected range of 16.0% to 20.0% and an increase from 16.0% for the year ended December 31, 2009.
City of Dreams. City of Dreams rolling chip volume for the year ended December 31, 2010 of US$51.7 billion represented an increase of US$31.5 billion from US$20.3 billion for the year ended December 31, 2009. Rolling chip hold percentage (calculated before discounts and commissions) was 2.92% for the year ended December 31, 2010, within our expected level of 2.7% to 3.0% and an increase from 2.65% for the year ended December 31, 2009. In the mass market table games segment, non-rolling chip volume was US$2.06 billion for the year ended December 31, 2010 which increased by 126% from US$912.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. The non-rolling chip hold percentage was 21.5% for the year ended December 31, 2010, which was within our expected range of 18.0% to 22.0% and significantly increased from 16.3% for the year ended December 31, 2009. The non-rolling chip hold percentage of 16.3% for the year ended December 31, 2009 at City of Dreams was within the range expected for the first six months of a new property. The expected range of non-rolling chip hold percentage is different for Altira Macau and City of Dreams due to a difference in the mix of table games, each of which has its own theoretical hold percentage. Average net win per gaming machine per day at City of Dreams was US$219 for the year ended December 31, 2010, an increase of US$82 from the year ended December 31, 2009.
Mocha Clubs. Mocha Clubs average net win per gaming machine per day for the year ended December 31, 2010 was US$192, an increase of approximately US$11 over the year ended December 31, 2009.
Rooms. Room revenues for the year ended December 31, 2010 were US$83.7 million, representing a US$42.5 million, or 103.1%, increase from room revenues of US$41.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the opening of City of Dreams in June 2009, resulting in approximately 1,650 hotel rooms
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available for a full-year across both properties. Altira Macaus average daily rate, occupancy and REVPAR were US$166, 94% and US$156, respectively, for 2010, as compared to US$219, 92% and US$201, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2009. The decrease in Altira Macaus average daily rate for the year ended December 31, 2010 was attributable to a greater proportion of rooms being allocated to gaming customers, to whom we typically provide additional discounts and promotional services, in line with our casino revenue growth. City of Dreams average daily rate, occupancy and REVPAR were US$157, 80% and US$126, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2010 as compared to US$159, 84% and US$133, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2009.
Food, beverage and others. Other non-casino revenues for the year ended December 31, 2010 included food and beverage revenues of US$56.7 million, and entertainment, retail and other revenues of approximately US$32.7 million. Other non-casino revenues for the year ended December 31, 2009 included food and beverage revenue of US$28.2 million, and entertainment, retail and other revenues of approximately US$11.9 million. The increase of US$49.3 million in non-casino revenues was primarily due to a full-year of operation of City of Dreams in 2010, increased retail leased space at City of Dreams and the opening of The House of Dancing Water in September 2010.
Operating costs and expenses
Total operating costs and expenses were US$2.55 billion for the year ended December 31, 2010, representing an increase of US$944.5 million, or 58.9%, from US$1.60 billion for the year ended December 31, 2009. The increase in operating costs of US$944.5 million was primarily due to the commencement of operations at City of Dreams in June 2009, followed by the opening of Grand Hyatt in the fourth quarter of 2009 and The House of Dancing Water in September 2010, and an increase in operating costs at Altira Macau associated with the increase in revenues as described above.
Casino. Casino expenses increased by US$818.7 million, or 72.4%, to US$1.95 billion for the year ended December 31, 2010 from US$1.13 billion for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to an increase in casino revenues as a result of the full-year operation of City of Dreams in 2010, as well as additional gaming tax and other levies of US$624.5 million, charged at a rate of 39%.
Rooms. Room expenses, which represent the costs in operating the hotel facilities at Altira Macau and City of Dreams, increased by 153.8% to US$16.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 from US$6.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the full-year operation of City of Dreams in 2010.
Food, beverage and others. Food, beverage and other expenses increased by US$31.8 million, or 152.5%, to US$52.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 from US$20.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to the full-year operation of City of Dreams in 2010 and the opening of The House of Dancing Water in September 2010.
General and administrative. General and administrative expenses increased by US$68.8 million, or 52.6%, to US$199.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 from US$131.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to an increase of US$56.9 million for the full-year operation of City of Dreams in 2010 and US$14.1 million of increased corporate payroll and other costs. The increase primarily related to payroll expenses, utilities, transportation costs and bank charges. Corporate payroll and other costs increased in line with our planned growth.
Pre-opening costs. Pre-opening costs were US$18.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 as compared to US$91.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. Such costs relate primarily to personnel training, marketing, advertising and other administrative costs in connection with new or start-up operations. Pre-opening costs for the year ended December 31, 2010 related to the opening of The House of Dancing Water in September 2010 and the pre-opening costs for the year ended December 31, 2009 related to the opening of City of Dreams in June 2009.
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Amortization of gaming subconcession. Amortization of our gaming subconcession continued to be recognized on a straight-line basis at an annual rate of US$57.2 million for both the year ended December 31, 2009 and the year ended December 31, 2010.
Amortization of land use rights. The increase in amortization of land use rights expenses to US$19.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 from US$18.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 was due to the increase in land premium associated with the increase of the developed gross floor area by approximately 1.6 million square feet of Cotai Land in Macau where the City of Dreams site is located, commencing in November 2009, when we accepted in principle the initial terms for such revision of the land lease agreement.
Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense increased by US$94.4 million, or 66.6%, to US$236.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 from US$141.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to depreciation of assets placed into service associated with the opening of City of Dreams in June 2009 and Grand Hyatt Macau and The House of Dancing Water which were progressively added to City of Dreams operations in the fourth quarter of 2009 and September 2010, respectively.
Property charges and others. Property charges and others generally include costs related to the remodeling and rebranding of a property which might include the retirement, disposal or write-off of assets. Property charges and other for the year ended December 31, 2010 were less than US$0.1 million. Property charges and others for the year ended December 31, 2009 were US$7.0 million which primarily included US$4.1 million related to the re-branding of Altira Macau and US$2.9 million related to asset write-offs as a result of our termination of the Macau Peninsula project.
Non-operating expenses
Non-operating expenses consists of interest income, interest expenses, net of capitalized interest, amortization of deferred financing costs, loan commitment fees, foreign exchange gain, net, costs associated with debt modification as well as other non-operating income, net.
Interest income was US$0.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, as compared to US$0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009.
Interest expenses were US$93.4 million, net of capitalized interest of US$11.8 million, for the year ended December 31, 2010, compared to US$31.8 million, net of capitalized interest of US$50.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. The increase in interest expenses of US$61.5 million was primarily due to a US$38.9 million interest related to the Senior Notes issued in May 2010 together with a decrease in capitalized interest of US$38.7 million due to the decrease in interest eligible for capitalization following the opening of City of Dreams, Grand Hyatt and The House of Dancing Water in June 2009, the fourth quarter of 2009 and September 2010, respectively, offset in part by a decrease of US$13.1 million of interest charges on our City of Dreams Project Facility, net of interest rate swap agreements, primarily as a result of reducing the indebtedness by US$444.1 million by applying a portion of the net proceeds from the sale of the Senior Notes.
Other finance costs for the year ended December 31, 2010 included US$14.3 million of amortization of deferred financing costs net of capitalization, which primarily increased from the year ended December 31, 2009 due to the ineligibility for further capitalization following the completion and opening of City of Dreams in June 2009, and a credit of US$3.8 million of loan commitment fees related to our City of Dreams Project Facility. Other finance costs for 2009 included US$6.0 million of amortization of deferred financing costs net of capitalization and US$2.3 million of loan commitment fees related to our City of Dreams Project Facility.
Costs associated with debt modification of US$3.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 related to the amendment of City of Dreams Project Facility which includes a write off on the balance of unamortized deferred financing costs relating to the reduced borrowing capacity of the revolving credit facility. There were no costs associated with debt modification for the year ended December 31, 2009.
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Income tax credit (expenses)
The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2010 was a negative rate of 9.6%, as compared to a positive rate of 0.04% for the year ended December 31, 2009. Such rates differ from the statutory Macau complementary tax rate of 12% primarily due to the effect of change in valuation allowance on the net deferred tax assets for the year ended December 31, 2009 and the year ended December 31, 2010, the impact of a net loss of Macau gaming operations during the year ended December 31, 2009 and the effect of tax holiday of US$28.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2010 due to our income tax exemption in Macau. Our management does not anticipate recording an income tax benefit related to deferred tax assets generated by our Macau operations; however, to the extent that the financial results of our Macau operations improve and it becomes more likely than not that the deferred tax assets are realizable, we will be able to reduce the valuation allowance through earnings.
Net loss
As a result of the foregoing, there was a net loss of US$10.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, compared to a net loss of US$308.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009.
Year Ended December 31, 2009 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2008
Revenues
Our total net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2009 were US$1.33 billion, a decrease of US$83.3 million, or 5.9%, from US$1.42 billion for the year ended December 31, 2008. The decrease in total net revenues was primarily due to a decline in global economic conditions combined with low rolling chip hold percentage at Altira Macau, partially offset by the opening of City of Dreams in June 2009, which contributed US$552.1 million in net revenues.
Our net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2009 were comprised of US$1.30 billion in casino revenues, representing 97.9% of our total net revenues, and US$28.2 million of net non-casino revenues. Our net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2008 were comprised of US$1.41 billion in casino revenues, representing 99.3% of our total net revenues, and US$10.2 million of net non-casino revenues.
Casino. Casino revenues for the year ended December 31, 2009 were US$1.30 billion, representing a US$101.3 million, or 7.2%, decrease from casino revenues of US$1.41 billion for the year ended December 31, 2008, primarily due to a decrease in casino revenues at Altira Macau by US$651.0 million to US$653.0 million, mainly as a result of a decline in rolling chip volume combined with lower rolling chip hold percentage, partially offset by casino revenues of US$532.5 million attributable to the opening of City of Dreams in June 2009.
Altira Macau. Altira Macaus rolling chip volume for the year ended December 31, 2009 was US$37.5 billion, representing a decrease of US$24.8 billion from US$62.3 billion for the year ended December 31, 2008, primarily due to the global financial crisis and an increasingly competitive business environment. Altira Macaus hold percentage for rolling chip table games (calculated before discounts and commissions) was 2.55% for the year ended December 31, 2009, below our expected level of 2.85% and a decrease from 2.85% for the year ended December 31, 2008. In the mass market table games segment, non-rolling chip volume was US$273.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, representing a decrease of 22.7% from US$353.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. The non-rolling chip hold percentage was 16.0% for the year ended December 31, 2009, which was within our expected range of 16.0% to 20.0% and an increase from 14.6% for the year ended December 31, 2008.
City of Dreams. City of Dreams rolling chip volume was US$20.3 billion and hold percentage for rolling chip table games (calculated before discounts and commissions) was 2.65% for the year ended December 31, 2009, below our expected level of 2.85%. In the mass market table games segment, non-rolling chip volume totaled US$912.6 million and the hold percentage was 16.3%, which was within our expected range of 16.0% to 20.0% for the year ended December 31, 2009. Average net win per gaming machine per day was US$137.
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Mocha Clubs. Mocha Clubs average net win per gaming machine per day for the year ended December 31, 2009 was US$182, a decrease of approximately US$54 over the year ended December 31, 2008.
Rooms. Room revenues for the year ended December 31, 2009 were US$41.2 million, representing a US$24.1 million, or 141.2%, increase from room revenue of US$17.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, primarily due to the opening of City of Dreams, with approximately 1,650 hotel rooms across both properties. Altira Macaus average daily rate, occupancy and REVPAR were US$219, 92% and US$201, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2009, as compared to US$236, 94% and US$222, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2008. City of Dreams average daily rate, occupancy and REVPAR were US$159, 84% and US$133, respectively for the year ended December 31, 2009.
Food, beverage and others. Other non-casino revenues for the year ended December 31, 2009 included food and beverage revenues of US$28.2 million, and entertainment, retail and other revenue of approximately US$11.9 million. Other non-casino revenue for the year ended December 31, 2008 included food and beverage revenue of US$16.1 million, and entertainment, retail and other revenue of approximately US$5.4 million. The increase of US$18.6 million was primarily due to the opening of City of Dreams in June 2009, offset in part by a decrease in other non-casino revenues at Altira Macau as a result of reduced visitation.
Operating costs and expenses
Our total operating costs and expenses were US$1.60 billion for the year ended December 31, 2009, representing an increase of US$190.0 million, or 13.4%, from US$1.41 billion for the year ended December 31, 2008. The increase was primarily related to the commencement of operations at City of Dreams in June 2009, which was partially offset by a decrease in operating costs at Altira Macau primarily due to cost-savings initiatives.
Casino. Casino expenses decreased by US$29.6 million, or 2.6%, to US$1.13 billion for the year ended December 31, 2009 from US$1.16 billion for the year ended December 31, 2008, primarily due to decreases in the gaming tax of US$328.3 million and in casino-related expenses of US$140.9 million associated with payroll-related expenses and our rolling chip program at Altira Macau. This decrease was offset by an increase of US$440.7 million in casino expenses attributable to the opening of City of Dreams in June 2009.
Rooms. Room expenses, which comprised of the costs in operating the hotel facilities at Altira Macau and City of Dreams, increased by 373.7% to US$6.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 from US$1.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, primarily due to the commencement of operations at City of Dreams in June 2009.
Food, beverage and others. Food, beverage and other expenses increased by US$6.9 million, or 49.1%, to US$20.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 from US$14.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, primarily due to the commencement of operations at City of Dreams in June 2009, offset in part by a decrease in expenses at Altira Macau in line with the decrease in non-casino revenues.
General and administrative. General and administrative expenses increased by US$40.3 million, or 44.4%, to US$131.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 from US$90.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, primarily due to the commencement of operations at City of Dreams in June 2009. The increase primarily related to payroll expenses, utilities, transportation costs and bank charges. Corporate payroll and other costs increased as we were building our corporate infrastructure to support our planned growth.
Pre-opening costs. Pre-opening costs of US$91.9 million were incurred for the year ended December 31, 2009 relating to the opening of City of Dreams. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we incurred pre-opening costs associated with City of Dreams of US$21.8 million. Such costs relate primarily to personnel training, marketing, advertising and other administrative costs in connection with the opening of the property.
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Amortization of gaming subconcession. Amortization of our gaming subconcession recorded on a straight-line basis remained stable at US$57.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 and the year ended December 31, 2009.
Amortization of land use rights. Amortization of land use rights expenses for the year ended December 31, 2009 of US$18.4 million remained relatively consistent with those from the year ended December 31, 2008 of US$18.3 million.
Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization expense increased by US$90.5 million, or 176.1%, to US$141.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 from US$51.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, primarily due to depreciation of assets of City of Dreams following its opening in June 2009.
Property charges and others. Property charges and others generally includes costs related to the remodeling and rebranding of a property which might include the retirement, disposal or write-off of assets. Property charges and others for the year ended December 31, 2009 was US$7.0 million, which primarily included US$4.1 million related to the re-branding of Altira Macau and US$2.9 million related to asset write-offs as a result of our termination of the Macau Peninsula project. Property charges and others for the year ended December 31, 2008 was US$0.3 million related to a minor reconfiguration of the casino at Altira Macau.
Non-operating expenses
Non-operating expenses consists of interest income, interest expenses (net of capitalized interest), amortization of deferred financing costs, loan commitment fees, foreign exchange gain, net as well as other non-operating income.
Interest income decreased by US$7.7 million, or 93.9%, to US$0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, mainly due to a decline in interest rates and a decrease in average cash balances as a result of increased investment in completing the construction of City of Dreams.
Total interest expenses, which primarily included interest paid or payable on shareholder loans, the City of Dreams Project Facility and interest rate swap agreements for the year ended December 31, 2008 and the year ended December 31, 2009 totaled US$49.6 million and US$82.3 million respectively, of which US$49.6 million and US$50.5 million was capitalized, respectively. Interest expenses, net of capitalized interest increased by US$31.8 million, primarily due to cessation of capitalizable interest following the opening of City of Dreams in June 2009 together with additional borrowings under the City of Dreams Project Facility.
Other finance costs included US$6.0 million of amortization of deferred financing costs net of capitalization and US$2.3 million of loan commitment fees related to the City of Dreams Project Facility. The decrease from the year ended December 31, 2008 was attributable to decreases in the undrawn commitments as a result of drawdowns on the City of Dreams Project Facility during the second half of 2008 and the first half of 2009.
Net foreign exchange gains for the year ended December 31, 2009 were US$0.5 million, mainly resulting from foreign exchange transaction gains on Australian dollars, compared to US$1.4 million of net foreign exchange gains for the year ended December 31, 2008. Other non-operating income increased to US$2.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 from US$1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.
Income tax credit
Our effective income tax rate was a positive rate of 0.04% for the year ended December 31, 2009, as compared to a positive rate of 37.4% for the year ended December 31, 2008. The positive effective income tax rates for the year ended December 31, 2008 and the year ended December 31, 2009 differed from the statutory Macau complementary tax rate of 12% primarily due to the effect of a change in valuation allowance on the net
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deferred tax assets for the year ended December 31, 2008 and the year ended December 31, 2009, the impact of the net loss of Macau gaming operations during the year ended December 31, 2009 and the effect of a tax holiday of US$8.9 million on the net income of Macau gaming operations during the year ended December 31, 2008 due to our income tax exemption in Macau. Our management does not anticipate recording an income tax benefit related to deferred tax assets generated by our Macau operations; however, to the extent that the financial results of our Macau operations improve and it becomes more likely than not that the deferred tax assets are realizable, we will be able to reduce the valuation allowance through earnings.
Net loss
As result of the foregoing, there was a net loss of US$308.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, compared to a net loss of US$2.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We generally funded our operations and development projects from cash generated from our operations, our debt and equity financings and shareholder loans.
As of June 30, 2011, we held unrestricted and restricted cash and cash equivalents of approximately US$1,026.9 million and US$368.4 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2011, HK$1.47 billion (approximately US$188.6 million) of the 2011 Credit Facilities remained available for future drawdown. In June 2011, we completed an amendment to the City of Dreams Project Facility, known as the 2011 Credit Facilities, which reduced and removed certain restrictions on our business that were imposed by the covenants of the City of Dreams Project Facility and extended the maturity date, thereby increasing our financial flexibility. The 2011 Credit Facilities include a revolving credit facility that we have presented as a long-term liability as we have both the intent and the ability to refinance these borrowings on a long-term basis.
As of June 30, 2011, the non-current portion of restricted cash of RMB2.3 billion (approximately US$355.9 million) represents the RMB Bonds proceeds deposited into a bank account for securing the deposit-linked loan while the current portion of restricted cash of US$12.5 million consists of cash deposited into bank accounts restricted for repayment of the City of Dreams Project Facility and payment of City of Dreams project costs in accordance with the City of Dreams Project Facility. The current portion of restricted cash has been released upon approval obtained from the lenders in July 2011. See Description of Material Indebtedness The RMB Bonds and the deposit-linked loan for more information.
We believe that our operating cash flow, existing cash balances, funds available under the 2011 Credit Facilities and additional equity or debt financings will be adequate to satisfy our current and anticipated operating, debt and capital commitments, including our development project plans, as described in Capital Expenditures and Capital Commitments and Contingencies, and maintain compliance with the financial covenants of our credit facilities, for a period of 12 months following the date of this prospectus. For any additional financing requirements, we cannot provide assurance that future borrowings will be available. See Risk Factors Risks Relating to Our Financing and Indebtedness for more information. We have significant indebtedness and we will continue to evaluate our capital structure and opportunities to enhance it in the normal course of our activities.
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The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011:
Year Ended December 31, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands of US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities |
(11,158 | ) | (112,257 | ) | 401,955 | 73,339 | 320,820 | |||||||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(913,602 | ) | (1,143,639 | ) | (190,310 | ) | (117,471 | ) | (295,717 | ) | ||||||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
904,485 | 653,350 | 17,680 | 126,766 | 559,651 | |||||||||||||||
Effect of foreign exchange on cash and cash equivalents |
| | | | 174 | |||||||||||||||
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|
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Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents |
(20,275 | ) | (602,546 | ) | 229,325 | 82,634 | 584,928 | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year/period |
835,419 | 815,144 | 212,598 | 212,598 | 441,923 | |||||||||||||||
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|
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|
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Cash and cash equivalents at end of year/period |
815,144 | 212,598 | 441,923 | 295,232 | 1,026,851 | |||||||||||||||
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|
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Operating Activities
Operating cash flows are generally affected by changes in operating income and accounts receivable with VIP table games play and hotel operations conducted on a cash and credit basis and the remainder of the business including mass market table games play, gaming machine play, food and beverage, and entertainment are conducted primarily on a cash basis.
Net cash provided by operating activities was US$320.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011, compared to US$73.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities was mainly attributable to significant improvement in casino revenues, as well as opening of The House of Dancing Water in September 2010. Net cash provided by operating activities was US$402.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, compared to net cash used in operating activities of US$112.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. There was an increase in operating cash flow mainly attributable to the improvement in results and a full-year of operation of City of Dreams which opened in June 2009. Net cash used in operating activities was US$112.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, compared to US$11.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. The increase in net cash used in operating activities was mainly attributable to a decline in gaming revenues primarily as a result of the global economic downturn, increased working capital for City of Dreams and Altira Macau and increased pre-opening activities for City of Dreams.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was US$295.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011, compared to US$117.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, primarily due to an increase in the restricted cash and a deposit payment of US$65.0 million for the acquisition of a 60% equity interest in the Cyber One Group, offset in part by a reduction in construction and development activities relating to The House of Dancing Water.
There was a net increase of US$198.5 million in the amount of restricted cash primarily due to the deposit of proceeds from issuance of the RMB Bonds of US$353.3 million pledged for the deposit-linked loan, offset in part by settlement of US$10.3 million of City of Dreams project costs, settlement of interest and principal repayments of US$133.7 million in accordance with the City of Dreams Project Facility, and release of US$10.8 million to unrestricted cash upon the completion of amendment of the City of Dreams Project Facility on June 30, 2011.
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Our total capital expenditures payments for the six months ended June 30, 2011 were US$22.9 million. We also paid US$7.6 million for the scheduled installment of City of Dreams land premium payment during the six months ended June 30, 2011.
Net cash used in investing activities was US$190.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, compared to US$1,143.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to a reduction in construction and development activities relating to City of Dreams.
Our total capital expenditures payments for the year ended December 31, 2010 were US$197.4 million. We also paid US$29.8 million for City of Dreams land use rights and US$27.1 million for entertainment production costs for The House of Dancing Water for the year ended December 31, 2010.
There was a net decrease of US$69.1 million in the amount of restricted cash primarily due to the settlement of US$210.3 million of City of Dreams costs in accordance with the City of Dreams Project Facility, offset in part by a net increase of US$97.5 million in the balance associated with the issuance of the Senior Notes as described below and an increase of US$47.0 million of cash set aside in accordance with the City of Dreams Project Facility, both of which were for future repayments of the City of Dreams Project Facility.
Net cash used in investing activities was US$1,143.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, compared to US$913.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, primarily due to increased construction and development activities relating to City of Dreams contributing to our total capital expenditures for the year ended December 31, 2009 of US$937.1 million, payment of the City of Dreams land use rights of US$30.6 million and an increase of US$168.1 million in the amount of restricted cash due to a deposit of cash into bank accounts restricted in accordance with the City of Dreams Project Facility.
In July 2011, we acquired a 60% equity interest in the developer of the Studio City Project, for which we expect to incur significant capital expenditures in the near future. We are also re-evaluating the next phase of our development plan at City of Dreams. See Capital Expenditures for more information.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities amounted to US$559.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011, primarily due to proceeds from the issuance of the RMB Bonds and draw down of the deposit-linked loan totaling US$706.6 million in May 2011, offset in part by the repayment of the City of Dreams Project Facility of US$117.1 million and payment of debt issuance costs primarily associated with the RMB Bonds, the deposit-linked loan and the 2011 Credit Facilities of US$34.0 million.
Net cash provided by financing activities amounted to US$126.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, primarily due to net proceeds from the issuance of the Senior Notes amounting to US$592.0 million, of which US$444.1 million was used to repay the City of Dreams Project Facility, and payment of deferred financing costs mainly associated with the Senior Notes of US$21.2 million.
Net cash provided by financing activities amounted to US$17.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, primarily due to proceeds from the issuance of the Senior Notes amounting to US$592.0 million, offset in part by the repayment of long term debt of US$551.4 million, of which US$444.1 million was used to repay the City of Dreams Project Facility, and payment of deferred financing costs primarily associated with the Senior Notes of US$22.9 million.
Net cash provided by financing activities amounted to US$653.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, primarily due to drawdown proceeds of US$270.7 million from the City of Dreams Project Facility and proceeds from our follow-on public offerings in May 2009 and August 2009 totaling US$383.5 million after deducting the offering expenses.
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Net cash provided by financing activities amounted to US$904.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, primarily due to drawdown proceeds of US$912.3 million from the City of Dreams Project Facility.
Description of Material Indebtedness
The following table presents a summary of our indebtedness as of June 30, 2011:
As of June
30, 2011 |
||||
(in thousands of US$) |
||||
2011 Credit Facilities |
1,014,729 | |||
Loans from shareholders |
115,647 | |||
Senior Notes, net(1) |
592,796 | |||
RMB Bonds |
355,938 | |||
Deposit-linked loan |
353,278 | |||
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|
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2,432,388 | ||||
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Notes:
(1) | Net of issue discount. |
The following table presents a summary of a breakdown of our indebtedness by maturity date as of June 30, 2011:
Year Ending December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 and 2012 |
2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | thereafter | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions of US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2011 Credit Facilities |
| 128.3 | 256.7 | 256.7 | 373.0 | | 1,014.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
RMB Bonds |
| 355.9 | | | | | 355.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Loans from Shareholders |
| 115.6 | | | | | 115.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Deposit-linked loans |
| 353.3 | | | | | 353.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Senior Notes(1) |
| | | | | 600.0 | 600.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Total |
| 953.1 | 256.7 | 256.7 | 373.0 | 600.0 | 2,439.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Note:
(1) | Before issue discount. |
The loans from shareholders were converted into shares on November 29, 2011, with an adjustment to ensure that Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments maintain their interests in our company in equal proportions. See Corporate History and Structure Shareholder Loans for further details.
Save as otherwise disclosed in this prospectus, and apart from intra-group liabilities, we did not have outstanding as of June 30, 2011 any loan capital issued and outstanding or agreed to be issued, bank overdrafts, loans or other similar indebtedness, liabilities under acceptances or acceptance credits, debentures, mortgages, charges, hire purchases commitments, guarantees or other material contingent liabilities.
2011 Credit Facilities
Overview
On June 30, 2011, the City of Dreams Project Facility was amended as the 2011 Credit Facilities pursuant to an amendment agreement dated June 22, 2011 between the facility agent, the security agent, Melco Crown Gaming and certain of our subsidiaries specified as guarantors under the City of Dreams Project Facility. The
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amendment reduced the size of the facilities from US$1.75 billion to HK$9.36 billion (approximately US$1.2 billion) and amended the structure whereby the term loan facility under the City of Dreams Project Facility which was originally US$1.5 billion was reduced to HK$6.24 billion (approximately US$800 million) (subsequently known as the 2011 Term Loan Facility), and the revolving credit facility under the City of Dreams Project Facility which was originally US$250 million was increased to HK$3.12 billion (approximately US$400 million) (subsequently known as the 2011 Revolving Credit Facility). The 2011 Credit Facilities also reduced and removed certain restrictions on our business that were imposed by the original covenants, extended the maturity date and provided for the removal of MPEL (Delaware) LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Melco Crown Gaming from the borrowing group under the City of Dreams Project Facility.
For further details of the City of Dreams Project Facility, please refer to Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Maturity Date
The final maturity date of the 2011 Credit Facilities is June 30, 2016 or, if earlier, the date of repayment, prepayment or cancellation in full of the 2011 Credit Facilities.
Drawdowns
We have fully drawn down the 2011 Term Loan Facility and, as of November 23, 2011, had also drawn down HK$1.65 billion (approximately US$212.5 million) under the 2011 Revolving Credit Facility. The 2011 Revolving Credit Facility is available on a fully revolving basis to the date that is one month prior to the final maturity date of the 2011 Revolving Credit Facility. The rollover of existing revolving loans drawn under the 2011 Credit Facilities is subject to compliance with covenants and satisfaction of conditions precedent. Melco Crown Gaming has the right to undertake a program to hedge exposures to interest rate fluctuations under the 2011 Credit Facilities and in certain circumstances, currency fluctuations. The interests of the hedging counterparties under the hedging agreements relating to interest rate and/or currency exposure under the 2011 Credit Facilities are secured on a pari passu basis with the lenders under the 2011 Credit Facilities.
Repayment
The 2011 Term Loan Facility will be repaid in quarterly installments according to an amortization schedule that will commence on September 30, 2013. Each 2011 Revolving Credit Facility loan will be repaid in full on the last day of an agreed upon interest period ranging from one to six months, or it will be rolled over subject to compliance with covenants and satisfaction of conditions precedent. Melco Crown Gaming may make voluntary prepayments in respect of the 2011 Term Loan Facility and the 2011 Revolving Credit Facility, subject to certain conditions, without premium or penalty other than (if not made on an interest payment date) break costs, in minimum amounts of HK$160 million (approximately US$20.6 million). Voluntary prepayments under the 2011 Term Loan Facility will be applied to the term loan principal outstanding on the 2011 Credit Facilities and to maturities on a pro-rata basis and amounts prepaid under the 2011 Term Loan Facility will not be available for redrawing. Mandatory prepayments must be made in respect of the following amounts within the borrowing group under the 2011 Credit Facilities, including but not limited to: (i) the net proceeds paid in respect of the compulsory transfer, seizure or acquisition by any governmental authority of the assets of any member of the borrowing group (subject to certain exceptions); (ii) the net proceeds of any asset sale, subject to reinvestment rights and certain exceptions, which are in excess of US$15 million; (iii) net termination, claim or settlement proceeds paid under the subconcession contract or the borrowing groups land concessions (subject to certain exceptions); (iv) insurance proceeds net of expenses to obtain such proceeds under the property insurances relating to the total loss of all or substantially all of the Altira Macau gaming business; and (v) other insurance proceeds net of expenses to obtain such proceeds under any property insurances, subject to reinvestment rights and certain exceptions, which are in excess of US$15 million.
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Accounts
The terms of the 2011 Credit Facilities require that, subject to certain exceptions, all of the bank accounts of members of the borrowing group are secured in favor of the security agent for the benefit of the lenders and that certain receipts in respect of mandatory prepayments and amounts for reinvestment or excluded from mandatory prepayments are required to be deposited thereto.
Interest and Fees
The HK dollar denominated drawdowns under the 2011 Credit Facilities bear an initial interest rate from June 30, 2011 and continues as of the date of this prospectus of HIBOR, plus a margin ranging from 1.75% to 2.75% per annum as adjusted in accordance with the leverage ratio, as discussed below, in respect of the borrowing group. We are obligated to pay a commitment fee quarterly in arrears from June 30, 2011 throughout the availability period, which is payable on the daily undrawn amount under the available portion of the 2011 Revolving Credit Facility.
Security
Security for the 2011 Credit Facilities and related hedging agreements and the subconcession bank guarantee request letter dated September 1, 2006 issued by us and the bank guarantee number 269/2006 extended by Banco Nacional Ultramarino, S.A., in favor of the Macau government, or SBGF Agreement, include, among others:
| a first priority mortgage over all land and all present and future buildings on and fixtures to such land, and an assignment of land use rights under land concession agreements or equivalent held by the relevant entities in the borrowing group; |
| charges over the bank accounts in respect of the borrowing group, subject to certain exceptions; |
| assignment of the borrowing groups rights under certain insurance policies and other contracts; |
| subject to certain exceptions, first priority security over the borrowing groups chattels, receivables and other assets which are not subject to any security under any other security documentation; |
| subordination and assignment of shareholder and other intra-group loans; |
| pledges over certain intellectual property used by the borrowing group and over equipment and tools used in the gaming business by Melco Crown Gaming; and |
| first priority charges over the issued share capital of the borrowing group. |
Covenants
The borrowing group must comply with certain negative and affirmative covenants. These covenants include, among others, that, without obtaining consent from the Majority Lenders (as defined in the 2011 Credit Facilities) or, in certain circumstances, the facility agent, they may not:
| create or permit to subsist further charges or any form of encumbrance over its assets, property or revenues except as permitted under the 2011 Credit Facilities; |
| sell, transfer or dispose of any of its assets unless (subject to certain exceptions) such sale is conducted on an arms length basis at a fair market value and is permitted in accordance with the terms of the 2011 Credit Facilities and certain proceeds from the sale shall be credited to the relevant accounts over which the lenders have a first priority charge; |
| make any payment of fees or other amounts for goods and services under any agreement with Melco or Crown (or their affiliates) which are in excess of the actual, arms length costs or better of such goods and services plus an agreed margin permitted in accordance with the terms of the 2011 Credit Facilities or enter into agreements with Melco or Crown (or their affiliates) except in certain limited circumstances; |
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| make any loan or incur or guarantee indebtedness except for certain identified loans, indebtedness and guarantees permitted in accordance with the terms of the 2011 Credit Facilities (which include the Senior Note Guarantees provided by the Senior Note Subsidiary Group Guarantors); |
| subject to certain exceptions, vary the subconcession contract or the borrowing groups land concessions and certain other contracts (including the Intercompany Note or the Senior Note Guarantees); |
| create any subsidiaries except as permitted under the 2011 Credit Facilities, such as those necessary for operation of City of Dreams; make investments other than within agreed upon limitations; or |
| enter into any contracts for the construction or financing of an additional hotel tower in connection with the development of City of Dreams except in accordance with plans approved by lenders in accordance with the terms of the 2011 Credit Facilities. |
The borrowing group is required to comply with certain financial ratios and financial covenants each quarter, such as:
| Leverage, as defined in the 2011 Credit Facilities, which cannot exceed 3.00 to 1.00 for the reporting periods ending September 30, 2011, December 31, 2011, March 31, 2012, June 30, 2012, September 30, 2012, December 31, 2012, March 31, 2013 and June 30, 2013 and cannot exceed 2.50 to 1.00 for the reporting periods ending September 30, 2013 onwards; |
| Total Leverage, as defined in the 2011 Credit Facilities, which cannot exceed 4.50 to 1.00 for the reporting periods ending September 30, 2011, December 31, 2011, March 31, 2012, June 30, 2012, September 30, 2012, December 31, 2012, March 31, 2013 and June 30, 2013 and cannot exceed 4.00 to 1.00 for the reporting periods ending September 30, 2013 onwards; and |
| Interest Cover, as defined in the 2011 Credit Facilities, which must be greater than or equal to 4.00 to 1.00 for the reporting periods ending September 30, 2011 onwards. |
In addition, the 2011 Credit Facilities contain certain restrictions on payment of dividends by the borrowing group which include satisfaction of certain financial tests and conditions such as continued compliance with specified interest cover and leverage ratios and, if a cash distribution, ensuring that the dividend payment amount does not exceed a certain amount of our cash and cash equivalent investments and that as a result of such dividend payment we still hold a certain amount of cash and cash equivalent investments.
Events of Default
The 2011 Credit Facilities contain customary events of default including, subject to certain grace periods and exceptions: (i) the failure to make any payment when due; (ii) the breach of financial covenants; (iii) a cross-default triggered by any other event of default in the facility agreements or other documents forming the indebtedness of the borrower and/or guarantors; (iv) the breach of the credit facility documents, the subconcession contract and land concessions; (v) insolvency or bankruptcy events; (vi) misrepresentations on the part of the borrower and guarantors in statements made in the loan documents delivered to the lenders; (vii) various change of control events involving us; and (viii) the imposition of fines in certain circumstances by the relevant governmental authority for the failure to complete the development of City of Dreams by construction of an additional hotel tower in compliance with the terms of the land concession.
Senior Notes
Overview
On May 17, 2010, MCE Finance issued US$600 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes with an interest rate of 10.25% per annum and a maturity date of May 15, 2018. The Senior Notes are listed on the Official List of the Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited, or SGX-ST, and the issue price was 98.671% of the principal amount, resulting in net proceeds to us of approximately US$577.1 million after
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deducting US$22.9 million for the initial purchasers discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. The net proceeds from the offering were used to reduce our indebtedness under the City of Dreams Project Facility. The Senior Notes are (i) general obligations of MCE Finance, (ii) pari passu in right of payment to all existing and future senior indebtedness of MCE Finance, (iii) senior in right of payment to any existing and future subordinated indebtedness (as defined in the indenture) of MCE Finance, (iv) effectively subordinated to all of MCE Finances existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt and (v) unconditionally guaranteed by the guarantors.
Maturity Date and Interest
The Senior Notes bear interest at a rate of 10.25% per annum, payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, and will mature on May 15, 2018.
Use of Proceeds
On May 26, 2010, we applied US$444.1 million of the net proceeds from the sale of the US$600 million aggregate principal of the Senior Notes, or Initial Notes, to reduce our indebtedness under our City of Dreams Project Facility. On December 6, 2010, we further reduced our indebtedness under the City of Dreams Project Facility by an additional US$107.3 million, of which US$35.7 million was paid from a City of Dreams Project Facility debt service accrual account funded with the balance of the net proceeds from the sale of the Initial Notes. Following such repayment, approximately US$97.5 million remained in such debt service accrual account as of December 31, 2010 and was fully utilized for repayment of the City of Dreams Project Facility during the six months ended June 30, 2011.
Guarantees
Our company, our subsidiary, MPEL International Limited, a company incorporated in the Cayman Islands, or MPEL International, and the Senior Note Subsidiary Group Guarantors, jointly and severally guarantee the due and punctual payment of the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on, and all other amounts payable under the Senior Notes and the indenture.
The guarantees provided by our company and MPEL International are (i) general obligations of our company and MPEL International, (ii) pari passu in right of payment with all existing and future senior indebtedness of our company and MPEL International and (iii) senior in right of payment to any existing and future subordinated indebtedness of our company and MPEL International.
The guarantees provided by the Senior Note Subsidiary Group Guarantors (i) are a general obligation of each such Senior Note Subsidiary Group Guarantor, (ii) were subordinated in right of payment to indebtedness of such Senior Note Subsidiary Group Guarantors under the City of Dreams Project Facility and the SBGF Agreement and (iii) are senior in right of payment to any existing and future subordinated indebtedness of such Senior Note Subsidiary Group Guarantors. These guarantees were subordinated in right of payment to indebtedness of such Senior Note Subsidiary Group Guarantors under the City of Dreams Project Facility and the SBGF Agreement and were amended to rank pari passu in right of payment to indebtedness of such Senior Note Subsidiary Group Guarantors under the 2011 Credit Facilities and in priority to in right of payment under the SBGF Agreement as part of the further amendment of the City of Dreams Project Facility completed on June 30, 2011.
Security
On May 17, 2010, MCE Finance on-lent to MPEL Investment Limited, a company incorporated in the Cayman Islands, or MPEL Investments, under the Intercompany Note an aggregate amount necessary to reduce our indebtedness under the City of Dreams Project Facility. The face value of the Intercompany Note is US$600 million and interest accrues on the Intercompany Note at a rate at least equal to the interest rate payable on the
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Senior Notes, subject to certain adjustments. The Intercompany Note is repayable at the same time as the repayment in full or in part of amounts due under the Senior Notes. The Senior Notes and the Senior Note Guarantees provided by our company, MPEL International and the Senior Note Subsidiary Group Guarantors are secured by a first priority pledge of the Intercompany Note.
Covenants
The Senior Notes, the indenture and the guarantees include (subject to certain exceptions) certain limitations on the ability of MCE Finance and its restricted subsidiaries to, among other things:
| incur or guarantee additional indebtedness; |
| make specified restricted payments, including dividends; |
| issue or sell capital stock of our restricted subsidiaries; |
| sell assets; |
| create liens; |
| enter into agreements that restrict the ability of the restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends, transfer assets or make intercompany loans; |
| enter into transactions with shareholders or affiliates; and |
| effect a consolidation or merger. |
Optional Redemption of the Senior Notes
Prior to May 15, 2014, MCE Finance at its option may redeem the Senior Notes, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Senior Notes plus the applicable make-whole premium, plus accrued and unpaid interest, additional amounts and liquidated damages, if any, to the redemption date. At any time after May 15, 2014, MCE Finance at its option may redeem the Senior Notes, in whole or in part, at the redemption prices set forth below plus accrued and unpaid interest, additional amounts and liquidated damages, if any, to the redemption date.
Year |
Percentage | |||
2014 |
105.125 | % | ||
2015 |
102.563 | % | ||
2016 and thereafter |
100.000 | % |
At any time prior to May 15, 2013, MCE Finance may redeem up to 35% of the principal amount of the Senior Notes, with the net cash proceeds of one or more equity offerings at a redemption price of 110.25% of the principal amount of the Senior Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest, additional amounts and liquidated damages, if any, to the redemption date.
Repurchase of Senior Notes upon a Change of Control
Upon the occurrence of a Change in Control (as defined in the indenture), MCE Finance will make an offer to repurchase all outstanding Senior Notes at a purchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest, additional amounts and liquidated damages, if any, to the repurchase date.
Redemption for Taxation Reasons
Subject to certain exceptions, MCE Finance may redeem the Senior Notes, in whole but not in part, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, together with accrued and unpaid interest, additional amounts and liquidated damages, if any, to the date fixed by MCE Finance for redemption, if MCE Finance or a guarantor would become obliged to pay certain additional amounts as a result of certain changes in specified tax laws or certain other circumstances.
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Gaming Redemption
The indenture grants MCE Finance the power to redeem the Senior Notes if the gaming authority of any jurisdiction in which our company, MCE Finance or any of their respective subsidiaries conducts or proposes to conduct gaming requires that a person who is a holder or the beneficial owner of Senior Notes be licensed, qualified or found suitable under applicable gaming laws and such holder or beneficial owner, as the case may be, fails to apply or become licensed or qualified within the required time period or is found unsuitable.
Registration Rights Agreement
In connection with the private placement of the Initial Notes, MCE Finance and the Senior Note Guarantors entered into a registration rights agreement with the initial purchasers, in which MCE Finance and the Senior Note Guarantors agreed, among other things, to conduct an offer to exchange up to all of the outstanding Initial Notes for up to US$600 million of 10.25% Senior Notes due 2018 that have been registered under the U.S. Securities Act, or the Exchange Notes. The exchange offer commenced on November 17, 2010 and expired on December 21, 2010. Tenders with respect to 99.96% of the Initial Notes were received prior to the expiration of the exchange offer. MCE Finance completed the exchange offer, issued the Exchange Notes and listed the Exchange Notes on the SGX-ST on December 27, 2010.
The RMB Bonds and the Deposit-Linked Loan
Overview
On May 9, 2011, we issued RMB2.3 billion (US$353.3 million) aggregate principal amount of 3.75% bonds due 2013 and listed on the Official List of SGX-ST, and on May 20, 2011, we entered into the deposit-linked loan for HK$2.7 billion (US$353.3 million), which is secured by a deposit of RMB2.3 billion (US$353.3 million) principally funded by the net proceeds of the RMB Bonds.
The RMB Bonds are direct, general, unconditional, unsubordinated and unsecured obligations of our company which will at all times rank pari passu without any preference or priority among themselves and at least pari passu with all of our companys other present and future unsecured and unsubordinated obligations, except that such obligations may be preferred by provisions of law that are both mandatory and of general application. The RMB Bonds were issued at par and bear interest at a rate of 3.75% per annum payable semi-annnually in arrears on May 9 and November 9 in each year. The RMB Bonds will mature on the interest payment date on or nearest to May 9, 2013.
The deposit-linked loan matures on May 20, 2013, or at any time with 30 days prior notice given to the lender, we may prepay the whole or any part of not less than HK$500 million (US$64.3 million) of the deposit-linked loan outstanding. The deposit-linked loan bears interest at a rate of 2.88% per annum and is payable semi-annually in arrears on May 8 and November 8 of each year, commencing on November 8, 2011. The secured deposit bears interest at a rate of 1.5% per annum and is receivable semi-annually in arrears on May 8 and November 8 each year, commencing on November 8, 2011.
We intend to use the deposit-linked loan (i) to fund potential future growth and expansion opportunities, which may include acquisitions, (ii) to repay existing debt, (iii) to partially pre-fund certain scheduled interest payments on the RMB Bonds, (iv) for working capital requirements; and (v) for general corporate purposes. As of November 23, 2011, US$325 million of the deposit-linked loan was used to make payments related to the acquisition of a 60% equity interest in the developer of the Studio City Project.
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Negative Pledge and Financial Covenants
So long as any RMB Bonds remains outstanding, we shall not create or permit to subsist any security interest upon the whole or any part of our present or future undertaking, assets or revenues to secure any relevant indebtedness or guarantee of relevant indebtedness without:
(i) at the same time or prior thereto securing the RMB Bonds equally and rateably therewith to the satisfaction of the trustee under the RMB Bonds; or (ii) providing such other security for the RMB Bonds as the trustee may in its absolute discretion consider to be not materially less beneficial to the interests of the holders of the RMB Bonds or as may be approved by an extraordinary resolution of bondholders. In addition, we shall not directly or indirectly permit, as at the end of any twelve month period ending on December 31 or June 30, (i) consolidated tangible net worth to be less than US$1 billion; and (ii) the maximum leverage ratio to exceed 2.50:1.00.
Optional Redemption
We may redeem the RMB Bonds at our option in whole, but not in part, at any time after May 9, 2012 at the principal amount, together with accrued interest.
Redemption on a Change of Control
At any time following the occurrence of a change of control (as defined in the trust deed), the holder of any RMB Bonds will have the right, at such holders option, to require us to redeem all but not some only of that holders RMB Bonds at 101% of the principal amount, together with accrued interest.
Redemption for Tax Reasons
We may redeem the RMB Bonds at our option in whole, but not in part, at the principal amount together with accrued interest in the event that as a result of any change in the laws of the Cayman Islands or any political subdivision or any authority thereof or therein having power to tax or any change in the application or official interpretation of such law or regulation after May 9, 2011, we satisfy the trustee that we have or will be required to pay additional amounts in respect of the RMB Bonds and such obligation cannot be avoided by us taking reasonable measures available to us.
Redemption for Gaming License Reasons
If the gaming authority of any jurisdiction in which we or any of our subsidiaries conducts or proposes to conduct gaming requires that a person who is a holder or beneficial owner of RMB Bonds be licensed, qualified or found suitable under applicable gaming laws and such holder or beneficial owner, as the case may be, fails to apply or become licensed or qualified within the required period or is found unsuitable, we may redeem the RMB Bonds of a relevant holder of the RMB Bonds at our option in whole, but not in part, at 100% of the principal amount together with accrued interest.
Clean-up Call
We may redeem the RMB Bonds at our option in whole, but not in part, at any time upon notice, at the principal amount together with applicable interests, if immediately before giving such notice, at least 90% in principal amount of the RMB Bonds originally issued has already been previously redeemed, or purchased and cancelled.
Cross Acceleration
The RMB Bonds contain a cross acceleration provision in respect of us and our material subsidiaries, subject to a threshold of US$10.0 million.
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During the relevant periods of the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and the six months ended June 30, 2011, we did not experience any noncompliance with the covenants contained in the debt instruments and loan facilities described above that was not waived or rectified. As of November 23, 2011, we were in compliance with the relevant covenants under the debt instruments and loan facilities described above.
Shareholder Loans and Contributions
We had HK$899.7 million (approximately US$115.6 million) of outstanding shareholder loans from Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments as of June 30, 2011 in the form of fixed term loans repayable in May 2013. As of June 30, 2011, the outstanding shareholder loans carried interest of three-month HIBOR per annum with the remaining balance of HK$251,000 (approximately US$32,000) repayable on demand and non-interest bearing. These shareholder loans were converted into our ordinary shares on November 29, 2011. See Corporate History and Structure Shareholder Loans for further details.
No fees or proceeds are payable to Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments in return for their contributions to us or our subsidiaries and their future economic interest in us is solely based on their share ownership in our company.
Other Financing
We may obtain financing in the form of, among other things, equity or debt, including additional bank loans or high yield, mezzanine or other debt, or rely on our operating cash flow to fund the development of our projects.
We are a growing company with significant financial needs. We expect to have significant capital expenditures in the future as we continue to develop our Macau properties, in particular, the Studio City Project and potentially the next phase of City of Dreams. We have relied and intend in the future to rely on our operating cash flow and debt and equity funding to meet our financing needs and repay our indebtedness, as the case may be.
The timing of any future debt and equity financing activities will be dependent on our funding needs, our development and construction schedule, the availability of funds on acceptable terms to us, and prevailing market conditions. We may carry out activities from time to time to strengthen our financial position and ability to better fund our business expansion. Such activities may include refinancing existing debt, monetizing assets, sale-and-leaseback transactions or other similar activities.
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Working Capital
The following table sets out our current assets, current liabilities and net current assets as of June 30, 2011:
As of December 31, | As of June
30, 2011 |
|||||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||
(in thousands of US$) |
||||||||||||||||
Current Assets: |
||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
815,144 | 212,598 | 441,923 | 1,026,851 | ||||||||||||
Restricted cash |
67,977 | 236,119 | 167,286 | 12,499 | ||||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
69,908 | 262,176 | 259,521 | 241,413 | ||||||||||||
Amounts due from affiliated companies |
650 | 1 | 1,528 | 1,949 | ||||||||||||
Income tax receivable |
| | 198 | | ||||||||||||
Inventories |
3,344 | 9,425 | 14,990 | 14,192 | ||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
16,382 | 16,877 | 15,026 | 20,873 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
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Total current assets |
973,405 | 737,196 | 900,472 | 1,317,777 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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Current liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable |
2,494 | 8,719 | 8,880 | 9,676 | ||||||||||||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
439,824 | 460,243 | 462,084 | 457,869 | ||||||||||||
Income tax payable |
1,954 | 768 | 934 | 1,277 | ||||||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
| 44,504 | 202,997 | | ||||||||||||
Amounts due to affiliated companies |
1,985 | 7,384 | 673 | 748 | ||||||||||||
Amounts due to shareholders |
1,032 | 25 | 36 | 32 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total current liabilities |
447,289 | 521,643 | 675,604 | 469,602 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net current assets |
526,116 | 215,553 | 224,868 | 848,175 | ||||||||||||
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Current Ratio
As of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and June 30, 2011, our current ratios of assets to liabilities were 2.2, 1.4, 1.3 and 2.8, respectively.
As of June 30, 2011, our current ratio of assets to liabilities had improved primarily as a result of increased cash and cash equivalents due to the growth of our business and enhancements in our capital structure. Enhancements in our capital structure were driven by the amending of the City of Dreams Project Facility to the 2011 Credit Facilities, which extended the maturity date to June 2016 and amended the amortization schedule, with the next repayment date at September 30, 2013 and the issuance of the RMB Bonds and entering into the deposit-linked loan which are not required to be repaid prior to May 2013 unless certain terms and conditions are met.
Gearing Ratio
As of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and June 30, 2011, our gearing ratios were 34.0%, 37.0%, 37.7% and 43.8%, respectively. Our gearing ratio had increased as of June 30, 2011 primarily as a result of increased indebtedness from the issuance of the RMB Bonds and drawdown of the deposit-linked loan.
Accounts Receivable
Our accounts receivable, net as of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and June 30, 2011 were US$69.9 million, US$262.2 million, US$259.5 million and US$241.4 million, respectively. During the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, we had provided allowance for doubtful debts of US$5.4 million, US$16.1 million and US$32.2 million, respectively, and had written off accounts receivables of nil, US$0.6 million and
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US$0.9 million, respectively, during the same periods. During the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011, we had provided allowance for doubtful debts of US$17.9 million and US$20.2 million, respectively, and had written off accounts receivables of US$3,000 and nil, respectively, during the same periods. Provision for doubtful debts increased from US$41.5 million as of December 31, 2010 to US$63.7 million as of June 30, 2011. The increase in allowance for doubtful debts of US$22.2 million, or 53.5%, was primarily due to increasing rolling chip volume across City of Dreams and Altira Macau, of which a 54.9% increase in rolling chips volume was achieved in the first half of 2011 compared with the first half of 2010; and a 26.5% increase in rolling chips volume was achieved in the first half of 2011 compared with the second half of 2010. During the year ended December 31, 2010 and the six months ended June 30, 2011, the provided allowance for doubtful debts consistently represented 1.8% and 1.7% of VIP gross gaming revenues, respectively. As of October 31, 2011, the settlement amount for the accounts receivable as of June 30, 2011 was US$199.9 million, representing 65.5% of the accounts receivable before doubtful debts provision. The majority of the accounts receivable, net balance is from our associated gaming promoters and premium direct players. The increased accounts receivable during the same periods was primarily due to the increase in credit extended to our increased numbers of gaming promoters and premium direct players over the period.
We grant unsecured credit lines to gaming promoters based on pre-approved credit limits. We typically issue markers to gaming promoters with a credit period of 30 days. There are some gaming promoters for whom credit is granted on a revolving basis based on our monthly credit risk assessment of such gaming promoters. Credit lines granted to all gaming promoters are subject to monthly review and settlement procedures. For other approved casino customers, we typically allow a credit period of 14 days to 28 days on issuance of markers following investigations of creditworthiness. An extended repayment term of typically 90 days may be offered to casino customers with large gaming losses and established credit history. The following is an analysis of accounts receivable by age presented based on payment due date, net of allowance:
As of June 30, 2011 | ||||
(in thousands of US$) | ||||
Current |
155,088 | |||
1-30 days |
31,137 | |||
31-60 days |
3,094 | |||
61-90 days |
5,280 | |||
Over 90 days |
46,814 | |||
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|
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Total accounts receivable, net |
241,413 | |||
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Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
As of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and June 30, 2011, our accrued expenses and other current liabilities were US$439.8 million, US$460.2 million, US$462.1 million and US$457.9 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2010 and June 30, 2011, the accrued expenses and other current liabilities mainly represented operation accruals and comprised of outstanding gaming chips and tokens, Macau gaming tax accruals, operating expenses accruals and customer deposits. For a breakdown of accrued expenses and other current liabilities, please refer to Note 7 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
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Capital Expenditures
The following table sets forth our capital expenditures by segment for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011.
Year Ended December 31, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands of US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Mocha Clubs |
15,491 | 11,448 | 13,140 | 1,645 | | |||||||||||||||
Altira Macau |
6,275 | 6,712 | 7,784 | 480 | 3,462 | |||||||||||||||
City of Dreams |
1,148,098 | 808,424 | 94,279 | 61,528 | 12,296 | |||||||||||||||
Corporate and Others |
21,334 | 2,152 | 4,457 | 741 | 67 | |||||||||||||||
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Total capital expenditures |
1,191,198 | 828,736 | 119,660 | 64,394 | 15,825 | |||||||||||||||
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Our capital expenditures for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011 decreased significantly primarily due to the completion of construction and opening of City of Dreams in 2009.
On July 27, 2011, we acquired a 60% equity interest in the developer of the Studio City Project. We are reaching the final stages of our design plans, while working closely with the Macau government to complete the necessary approval process of the Studio City Project. Site preparation for the Studio City Project has been completed, and the construction period is estimated to be 36 months from commencement of construction, which we currently expect to commence in the first half of 2012, subject to receipt of all necessary government approvals and financing. We currently estimate on a preliminary basis that the construction cost for the Studio City Project will be approximately US$1.9 billion. However, this preliminary cost estimate may be revised depending on a number of variables, including receipt of all necessary government approvals, the final design and development plan, funding costs, the availability of financing on terms acceptable to us, and prevailing market conditions.
We continue to evaluate the next phase of our development plan at City of Dreams, which we currently expect to include a hotel featuring either an apartment hotel or a general hotel.
Both the Studio City Project and the next phase of City of Dreams are subject to further financing. Our investment plans are preliminary and subject to change based upon the execution of our business plan, the progress of our capital projections, market conditions and outlook on future business.
Our total capital expenditures from June 30, 2011 to December 31, 2011 is estimated to be approximately US$63 million.
Taking into consideration our companys financial resources, including our operating cash flow, existing cash balances, funds available under the 2011 Credit Facilities, our directors are of the opinion that our company has sufficient working capital to meet our working capital requirement for at least the next 12 months from the date of this prospectus.
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Contractual Obligations
During the six months ended June 30, 2011, we issued the RMB Bonds, drew down the deposit-linked loan and amended the City of Dreams Project Facility as the 2011 Credit Facilities. Our total long-term indebtedness and other known contractual obligations are summarized below as of June 30, 2011.
Payments Due by Period | ||||||||||||||||||||
Less than 1 year |
1-3 years | 3-5 years | More than 5 years |
Total | ||||||||||||||||
(in millions of US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt obligations: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Loans from shareholders(1) |
| 115.6 | | | 115.6 | |||||||||||||||
Other long-term debt(2) |
| 965.9 | 758.0 | 600.0 | 2,323.9 | |||||||||||||||
Fixed interest payments |
85.0 | 143.4 | 123.0 | 115.8 | 467.2 | |||||||||||||||
Variable interest payments(3) |
32.1 | 53.9 | 29.8 | | 115.8 | |||||||||||||||
Operating lease obligations: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Leases for office space, VIP lounge, recruitment and training center, staff quarter and Mocha Clubs locations |
11.7 | 12.3 | 5.5 | 6.3 | 35.8 | |||||||||||||||
Other contractual commitments: |
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Government land use fees payable for Altira Macau land(4) |
0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 2.5 | 3.3 | |||||||||||||||
Government land use fees payable for City of Dreams land(5) |
1.2 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 20.2 | 26.2 | |||||||||||||||
Interest on land premium for City of Dreams land(5) |
1.4 | 0.6 | | | 2.0 | |||||||||||||||
Construction, plant and equipment acquisition commitments(6) |
9.1 | | | | 9.1 | |||||||||||||||
Buses and limousines services commitments |
2.5 | | | | 2.5 | |||||||||||||||
Premium on gaming subconcession(7) |
9.4 | 18.7 | 18.7 | 56.1 | 102.9 | |||||||||||||||
Trademark and memorabilia license fee commitments |
0.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 7.1 | |||||||||||||||
Consultancy and other services commitments |
5.1 | 4.8 | | | 9.9 | |||||||||||||||
Entertainment show operations commitments |
7.8 | 17.2 | | | 25.0 | |||||||||||||||
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Total contractual obligations |
166.4 | 1,336.9 | 939.5 | 803.5 | 3,246.3 | |||||||||||||||
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(1) | Excludes the working capital loans provided by Melco and Crown, which had an outstanding balance of US$32,000 as of June 30, 2011. As of June 30, 2011, the balance of the outstanding term loans from Melco and Crown, amounting to approximately US$115.6 million was repayable in May 2013. The term loans from Melco and Crown as of June 30, 2011 both are bearing interest at three-month HIBOR per annum. |
The shareholders loans were converted into shares, according to the loan capitalization agreement dated November 18, 2011 based on a conversion price, which is one-third of the volume weighted average price of our companys ADS over the period of the five Nasdaq trading days immediately preceding November 29, 2011, as each ADS represents three ordinary shares. |
(2) | Other long-term debt represents outstanding amounts under the 2011 Credit Facilities, Senior Notes, RMB Bonds and Deposit-linked loan. The 2011 Credit Facilities consists of the 2011 Term Loan Facility of HK$6.24 billion (approximately US$800 million) and the 2011 Revolving Credit Facility of HK$3.12 billion (approximately US$400 million). As of June 30, 2011, we have fully drawn down the 2011 Term Loan Facility and HK$1.65 billion (approximately US$212.5 million) under the 2011 Revolving Credit Facility. The final maturity date of the 2011 Credit Facilities is June 30, 2016 or, if earlier, the date of repayment, prepayment or cancellation in full of the 2011 Credit Facilities. The 2011 Term Loan Facility will be repaid in quarterly installments according to an amortization schedule commencing on September 30, 2013. Each 2011 Revolving Credit Facility loan will be repaid in full on the last day of an agreed upon interest period, ranging from one to six months, or it will be rolled over subject to compliance with covenants and satisfaction of conditions precedent. |
On May 17, 2010, MCE Finance issued US$600 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes, which are listed on the SGX-ST. The Senior Notes will mature on May 15, 2018. |
On May 9, 2011, we issued RMB2.3 billion (US$353.3 million) RMB Bonds and listed on the SGX-ST, and on May 20, 2011, we entered into the deposit-linked loan for HK$2.7 billion (US$353.3 million), which is secured by a deposit of RMB2.3 billion (US$353.3 million) principally funded by the net proceeds of the RMB Bonds. The RMB Bonds and the deposit-linked loan will mature on May 9 and May 20, 2013, respectively. |
(3) | Amounts for all periods represent our estimated future interest payments on our debt facilities based upon amounts outstanding and three-months and six-months HIBOR (at June 30, 2011) plus the applicable interest rate spread in accordance with the respective debt agreements. |
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(4) | Annual government land use fees payable is approximately MOP 1.4 million (US$171,000) and is adjusted every five years as agreed between the Macau government and Altira Developments in accordance with the applicable market rates from time to time. |
(5) | In February 2008, Melco Crown (COD) Developments and Melco Crown Gaming accepted in principle an offer from the Macau government to acquire the Cotai Land in Macau, where the City of Dreams site is located and required us to pay a land premium of approximately MOP 842.1 million (US$105.1 million). We paid MOP 300.0 million (US$37.4 million) of the land premium upon our acceptance of the final terms on February 11, 2008. On August 13, 2008 the Macau government formally granted the land concession to Melco Crown (COD) Developments of which approximately MOP 586.3 million (US$73.2 million) had been paid as of June 30, 2011 and the remaining amount of approximately MOP 255.8 million (US$31.9 million), accrued with 5% interest per annum, will be paid in four biannual installments. In November 2009, Melco Crown (COD) Developments and Melco Crown Gaming accepted in principle the initial terms for the revision of the land lease agreement from the Macau government for the increased developable gross floor area for City of Dreams and recognized additional land premium of approximately MOP 257.4 million (US$32.1 million) payable to the Macau government. In March 2010, Melco Crown (COD) Developments and Melco Crown Gaming accepted the final terms for the revision of the land lease agreement and fully paid the additional land premium to the Macau government. The land grant amendment process was completed on September 15, 2010. The total outstanding balances of the land use right have been included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and land use right payable as of June 30, 2011. We have also provided a guarantee deposit of approximately MOP 3.4 million (US$424,000), upon our acceptance of the final terms in February 2008. According to the terms of the revised land grant from the Macau government, payment in the form of government land use fees in an aggregate amount of approximately MOP 9.5 million (US$1.2 million) per annum is payable to Macau government and such amount may be adjusted every five years as agreed between the Macau government and Melco Crown (COD) Developments in accordance with the market rates from time to time. |
(6) | The amount as of June 30, 2011 mainly represents construction contracts for the construction and plant and equipment acquisitions of City of Dreams of approximately US$8.2 million. The balance includes the remaining payment obligations for Altira Macau, Mocha Clubs and Corporate. |
(7) | The amount represents fixed annual premium of MOP 30.0 million (US$3.7 million) and minimum variable premium of MOP45.0 million (US$5.6 million) per year based on number of gaming table and slot machine. |
Capital Commitments
As of June 30, 2011, we had capital commitments contracted for but not provided mainly for the construction and acquisition of property and equipment for City of Dreams totaling US$9.1 million.
Contingencies
As of June 30, 2011, we had issued a promissory note of approximately US$68.6 million (MOP 550 million) to a bank in respect of bank guarantees issued to the Macau government as required by the subconcession contract.
As of June 30, 2011, we have entered into two deeds of guarantee with third parties totaling US$10.0 million to guarantee certain payment obligations of the City of Dreams operations.
For further details for our commitments and contingencies, please refer to Note 13 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Off-balance Sheet Arrangements
Except as disclosed in Note 13(d) to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, we have not entered into any material financial guarantees or other commitments to guarantee the payment obligations of any third parties. We have not entered into any derivative contracts that are indexed to our shares and classified as shareholders equity, or that are not reflected in our consolidated financial statements.
Furthermore, we do not have any retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support to such entity. We do not have any variable interest in any unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit support to us or engages in leasing, hedging or research and development services with us.
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Other Liquidity Matters
While we expect that we will fund our operations, debt and capital commitments from our operating cashflow, existing cash balances, funds available under our 2011 Credit Facilities and additional equity or debt financings, there can be no assurance that such sources of funds will be sufficient and that, if needed, we will be able to refinance any of our indebtedness on acceptable terms or at all. New development projects or enhancements and refinements to our resort facilities will continue to be made in the ordinary course of business to deliver improvements in operating results. New business developments or unforeseen events may result in the need to raise additional funds. There can be no assurance regarding prospects with respect to new business opportunities. Any other business development would require us to obtain additional financing.
Inflation
Our management does not consider inflation to be a significant risk to expenses in the current and foreseeable economic environment. Over the past several years, inflation in Macau has fluctuated, but has not materially impacted our results of operations. According to the Direcção dos Serviços de Estatística e Censos, a department of the Public Administration of Macau, or DSEC, inflation rates in Macau were 8.6%, 1.2%, 2.8% and 5.1% for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2011, respectively.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices. We believe our and our subsidiaries primary exposure to market risk will be interest rate risk associated with our substantial indebtedness.
Interest Rate Risk
We entered into interest rate swaps in connection with our drawdowns under the City of Dreams Project Facility in accordance with our lenders requirements at such time under the City of Dreams Project Facility. We incurred substantial indebtedness which bore interest at floating rates based on London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR, and HIBOR plus a margin of 2.75% per annum until December 31, 2009, at which time, the floating interest rate was reduced to LIBOR or HIBOR plus a margin of 2.50% per annum. Our 2011 Credit Facilities bear interest rate at HIBOR plus a margin ranging from 1.75% to 2.75% per annum as adjusted in accordance with the leverage ratio of the borrowing group. Accordingly, we are subject to fluctuations in HIBOR. We may hedge our exposure to floating interest rates in a manner we deem prudent. Interests in security we provide to the lenders under our credit facilities, or other security or guarantees, are required by the counterparties to our hedging transactions, which could increase our aggregate secured indebtedness. We do not intend to engage in transactions in derivatives or other financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes and we expect the provisions of our existing and any future credit facilities to restrict or prohibit the use of derivatives and financial instruments for purposes other than hedging.
As of December 31, 2008 and 2009, all of our borrowings were at floating rates, respectively, and as of December 31, 2010, approximately 32% of our long-term debt was based on fixed rates due to the issuance of our Senior Notes in May 2010. As of June 30, 2011, approximately 54% of our long-term debt was based on fixed rates due to the issuance of the RMB Bonds and the drawdown of the deposit-linked loan in May 2011. Based on December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and June 30, 2011 debt and interest rate swap levels, an assumed 100 basis point change in the HIBOR and LIBOR would cause our annual interest cost to change by approximately US$6.8 million, US$9.6 million, US$7.6 million and US$6.4 million, respectively.
Foreign Exchange Risk
The HK dollar is the predominant currency used in gaming transactions in Macau and is often used interchangeably with the Pataca in Macau. The HK dollar is pegged to the U.S. dollar within a narrow range and
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the Pataca is in turn pegged to the HK dollar. Although we have certain expenses and revenues denominated in Patacas, our revenues and expenses are denominated predominantly in HK dollars and, in connection with most of our indebtedness and certain expenses, U.S. dollars. We cannot assure you that the current peg or linkages between the U.S. dollar, HK dollar and Pataca will not be broken or modified. See Risk Factors Risks Relating to Our Business and Operations in Macau Any fluctuation in the value of the HK dollar, U.S. dollar or Pataca may adversely affect our indebtedness, expenses and profitability. In addition, all payments of interest and principal with respect to the RMB Bonds we issued in May 2011 will be made in Renminbi. As a result, the value of these Renminbi payments in HK dollar terms may vary with the prevailing exchange rates in the marketplace. The value of Renminbi against the HK dollar and other foreign currencies fluctuates and is affected by changes in China and international political and economic conditions and by many other factors. In May 2011, we entered into the deposit-linked loan for future settlement of principal amount on the RMB Bonds and two RMB forward exchange rate contracts for future settlement of interest on the RMB Bonds to hedge our exchange rate exposure. Furthermore, we accept foreign currencies from customers at all our properties. We do not currently engage in hedging transactions with respect to foreign exchange exposure of our revenues and expenses in our day-to-day operations.
Credit Risk
We conduct, and expect to continue to conduct, our table gaming activities at our casinos on a limited credit basis as well as a cash basis. As is common practice in Macau, we grant credit to our gaming promoters and certain of our premium direct players. The gaming promoters bear the responsibility for issuing to, and subsequently collecting credit, from their players. We have established controls over the issuance of credit and aim to pursue aggressively overdue debt from gaming promoters and premium direct players. This collection activity includes, as applicable, frequent personal contact with the debtor, delinquency notices, the use of external collection agencies and litigation. We expect that most of our gaming credit play will be through gaming promoters, who will therefore bear the direct credit risk from their players. However, we may not be able to collect all of our gaming receivables from our credit customers and gaming promoters. We expect that we will be able to enforce our gaming receivables only in a limited number of jurisdictions, including Macau. As most of our premium direct players are expected to be visitors from other jurisdictions, principally the PRC, where gaming debts are unenforceable, and Hong Kong, we may not have access to a forum in which we will be able to collect all of our gaming receivables. The collectability of receivables from international customers could be negatively affected by future business or economic trends, significant events and local legislation preventing enforcement of gaming debts in the countries in which these customers reside. We currently conduct and plan to continue to conduct credit evaluations of our customers and generally do not require collateral or other security from them. We have established an allowance for doubtful receivables primarily based upon the age of the receivables and factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers. In the event a customer who has been extended credit loses back to us the amount borrowed and the receivable from that customer is deemed uncollectible, Macau gaming tax will still be payable. See BusinessLegal Proceedings for more information.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued guidance regarding fair value measurement amendments to achieve common fair value measurement and disclosure requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRS. The guidance improves the comparability of fair value measurements presented and disclosed in accordance with U.S. GAAP and IFRS by changing the wording used to describe many of the requirements in U.S. GAAP for measuring fair value and disclosure of information. The amendments to this guidance provide explanations on how to measure fair value but do not require any additional fair value measurements and do not establish valuation standards or affect valuation practices outside of financial reporting. The amendments clarify existing fair value measurements and disclosure requirements to include application of the highest and best use and valuation premises concepts; measuring fair value of an instrument classified in a reporting entitys equity; and disclosures requirements regarding quantitative information about unobservable inputs categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. In addition, clarification is provided for measuring the fair value of financial
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instruments that are managed in a portfolio and the application of premiums and discounts in a fair value measurement. The guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011. We do not expect this guidance to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In June 2011, the FASB issued guidance regarding the presentation of comprehensive income. The guidance improves the comparability, consistency, and transparency of financial reporting and increases the prominence of items reported in other comprehensive income. The amendments to the guidance requires entities to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. Entities are no longer permitted to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in equity. Any adjustments for items that are reclassified from other comprehensive income to net income are to be presented on the face of the entities financial statement regardless of the method of presentation for comprehensive income. The amendments do not change items to be reported in comprehensive income or when an item of other comprehensive income must be reclassified to net income, nor do the amendments change the option to present the components of other comprehensive income either net of related tax effects or before related tax effects. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning on or after December 15, 2011. The application of this guidance will require the change of our presentation of comprehensive income.
In September 2011, the FASB issued amendments in relation to the goodwill impairment test. The amendments allow an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. Under these amendments, an entity would not be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. The amendments include a number of events and circumstances for an entity to consider in conducting the qualitative assessment. The amendments are effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. Early adoption is permitted. The application of these amendments will require us to change our assessment on goodwill impairment. We do not expect these amendments to have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.
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Unless otherwise indicated, the information in the section below has been derived, in part, from various government publications, including information obtained from DSEC, DICJ and National Bureau of Statistics of China, and various public database sources such as International Monetary Fund and CEIC Data Company Limited. We have endeavored to obtain the most recent sources available. This information has not been independently verified by us or any of our affiliates or advisors.
Asian Gaming Market Overview
Asia is the fastest-growing gaming market in the world and Macau has been the worlds largest gaming destination in terms of gross gaming revenues since 2006. Malaysia, Singapore, Japan, South Korea, the Philippines, Vietnam and Cambodia are the other notable destinations of Asias casino and gaming markets. In terms of gross gaming revenues in 2010, the size of Macau market was more than 2.5 times that of the Las Vegas Strip and Atlantic City markets combined. The success of Macau as a gaming and entertainment destination has led to the legalization, regulation and proliferation of gaming across the Asia Pacific region, and has initiated the development and construction of numerous casino-entertainment resorts, such as the opening of two integrated resorts in Singapore in early 2010 with a combined total investment of more than HK$80 billion. In turn, the industry has supported each local economy within the broader pan-Asian region through enhanced tourism, job creation, tax revenues and the influx of domestic and foreign capital and other resources. The expansion of the gaming industry has also spurred investment and employment activities in ancillary industries, the most prominent are retail, dining, entertainment, conference and convention sectors. The industrys growth and success are largely driven by gamings particular appeal in Asian culture, the relatively low penetration in supply, an enormous population base, the worlds fastest urbanization rate and the emergence of an affluent, middle-class population segment which has a proclivity towards leisure and entertainment.
Macau Gaming Market Overview
Macau is a Special Administrative Region of the PRC located on the Pearl River Delta on the southern coastline of Guangdong Province, one of Chinas wealthiest and most urbanized provinces. It is an hour away via high-speed ferry from Hong Kong, an international tourism hub in the region and home to Chinas only approved casino gaming region. Macau attracts visitors from Guangdong Province, which had a population of approximately 96 million in 2009, and from the rest of China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, India and the Philippines, which are all within approximately five hours by flight from Macau and together had a combined population of approximately 3.2 billion in 2010. In 2009, Macau was designated to be developed as the most attractive tourism and recreation center in the world by the PRC, according to Planning Study on the Coordinated Development of the Greater Pearl River Delta Townships (October 2009).
The majority of the visitors to Macau are from mainland China and Hong Kong, accounting for 53.0% and 29.9%, respectively, of arrivals in 2010. Driven by the continued development and prosperity of mainland China, total visitors to Macau from China grew at a compound annual growth rate, or CAGR, of 15.3% from 2002 to 2010. Macaus proximity to major population centers in Asia enhances its appeal as a popular gaming destination for foreign tourists. International visitation levels have experienced rapid growth from 2002 to 2010, with arrivals from Japan increasing at a CAGR of 14.2%, from the Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand increasing at a CAGR of 28.5% and from India increasing at a CAGR 41.4%. Macaus economy and gaming sector are expected to continue to benefit from the fast growing visitations driven by continued economic growth in China and other Asian countries.
Macau is the worlds largest and fastest growing gaming market in terms of gross gaming revenues. It is the only location in Greater China to offer legalized casino gaming. The Macau market generated HK$182.9 billion in gross gaming revenues in 2010, a 57.8% increase from 2009, and more than four times the gross gaming
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revenue generated by the Las Vegas Strip in 2010. Gross gaming revenues have experienced a CAGR of 32.5% from 2005 to 2010 and an increase of more than four times from HK$44.7 billion in 2005. Macau also provides non-gaming amenities in the form of retail, hotel, conference and entertainment amenities, and is supported by Macau government infrastructure initiatives.
The following table summarizes certain information about Macau and its gaming market for the years ended December 31, 2005 to 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2011:
Year Ended December 31, | Six Months Ended June 30, 2011 |
2005-2010 CAGR |
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2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Macau |
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Gross gaming revenues(1) (in millions of HK$) |
44,706 | 54,974 | 80,604 | 105,604 | 115,892 | 182,857 | 120,511 | 32.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of gaming tables(2) |
1,388 | 2,762 | 4,375 | 4,017 | 4,770 | 4,791 | 5,237 | 28.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of slots(2) |
3,421 | 6,546 | 13,267 | 11,856 | 14,363 | 14,050 | 15,098 | 32.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total visitation (million)(3) |
18.7 | 22.0 | 27.0 | 22.9 | 21.8 | 25.0 | 13.2 | 5.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of rooms(2) |
10,832 | 12,978 | 16,148 | 17,533 | 19,259 | 20,091 | 21,676 | 13.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Occupancy rate (%) |
70.9 | % | 72.2 | % | 77.2 | % | 74.3 | % | 71.4 | % | 79.8 | % | 82.0 | % | 2.4 | % |
Sources: DICJ, DSEC
Notes:
(1) | Excluding revenues derived from non-casino related activities such as horse racing, greyhound racing, Chinese lotteries, instant lotteries and sports lotteries. |
(2) | As of December 31 of each of the years from 2005 to 2010 and as of June 30, 2011. |
(3) | 2008 visitor numbers were revised by DSEC and showed a significant drop compared to previous non-revised numbers due to a methodological change. From 2008 forward, visitor arrivals have excluded non-resident workers, students, etc. but included arrivals at the Trans Border Industrial Park. The number of visitors to Macau in 2008 based on DSECs previous methodology was 30,185,740, an increase of 11.8% from 2007. |
Development and Trend of the Macau Gaming Market
To improve the size, scope and quality of Macaus casinos and reinforce its position as a gaming center in the region, the Macau government initiated a bidding process to grant three new gaming concessions in late 2001. In 2002, SJM was awarded the first gaming concession, followed by Wynn Macau and Galaxy. A subsequent process allowed each concessionaire to grant one subconcession. There are now six companies licensed to operate casinos in Macau. The increase in the number of full-service casino resorts has not only contributed to a more than fourfold increase in gross gaming revenues from 2005 through 2010, but has helped broaden Macaus appeal to a large audience by delivering a diverse range of non-gaming entertainment offerings which was previously limited. The developers of integrated resorts, which are able to attract new, premium-focused customers through not only premier gaming experience but also high-end retail, entertainment and leisure offerings, are expected to be the prime beneficiaries and experience significant growth during the evolution of the Macau gaming market.
The Macau gaming market is geographically segregated into two regions, the Peninsula and Cotai. The Peninsula spreads across 9.3 sq. km. and is geographically connected to Zhuhai, PRC. The casino operations in Macau are primarily concentrated on the Peninsula along the belt between the Macau-Hong Kong Ferry Terminal and the Ponte Governor Nobre de Carvalho Bridge (also known as the Macau-Taipa Bridge). There have also been significant recent developments in Cotai, a 5.8 sq. km. area of reclaimed land located between the islands of Coloane and Taipa. Taipa is directly connected to the Peninsula by three bridges.
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With the Macau governments support and the growing popularity of gaming, the number of casinos and hotels in Macau has increased and the group of developments in Cotai have grown in critical mass. Cotai has emerged as the prime location for the next wave of growth as a result of its integrated resort offerings that appeal to both VIP players and the mass market. Cotai is also adjacent to the Lotus Bridge and a key stop on the planned light rail system, which will help to drive visitation and gaming as well as non-gaming spending in Cotai.
Historically, Macau has catered primarily to rolling chip baccarat patrons (representing more than two-thirds of total gross gaming revenues), who typically wager higher stakes. Although gaming promoters have historically managed the majority of rolling chip customer relationships, new concessionaires and subconcessionaires have been increasingly successful in establishing a direct relationship with rolling chip patrons, benefiting from changes in Macau law that now permit casinos to lend directly to customers and gaming promoters and to enforce their debts.
The entry of international gaming operators, coupled with favorable regional economic trends, has led to strong growth in both the overall and rolling chip gaming markets. Macaus gross gaming revenues and rolling chip gross gaming revenues have increased dramatically from 2005 to 2010, growing at CAGRs of 32.5% and 36.3%, respectively. Beginning in late 2008, Macau began to experience the effects of the global economic slowdown beginning in late 2008 and the outbreak of H1N1 influenza in 2009. However, starting from the third quarter of 2009, the market witnessed a significant rebound in Macaus gross gaming revenues and achieved seven consecutive months of record monthly gross gaming revenues from February to August 2011. Macau product offerings will also continue to develop as a result of capital investments in new casino resorts and enhancements in infrastructure.
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The following graphs show Macaus gross gaming revenues from 2005 to 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and rolling chip gross gaming revenues over the same period:
MACAU GROSS GAMING REVENUES (in millions of HK$)
Source: DICJ
MACAU ROLLING CHIP GROSS GAMING REVENUES (in millions of HK$)
Source: DICJ
Macau visitors currently spend only a fraction of what their U.S. counterparts spend on non-casino activities. In 2010, MICE events held in various venues in Macau totalled 1,399 with an average duration of 2.5 days, attracting 806,135 participants and attendees, significantly lower than its Las Vegas counterparts which had 18,004 events and 4.5 million attendees. We believe there is significant long-term growth potential for Macaus non-gaming segment given the ongoing development of world class facilities and Macaus proximity to the growing MICE market in China. We believe that as the non-gaming segment grows in China, visitors to Macau will on average stay longer per visit and spend more on both gaming and non-gaming activities during their visit.
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Drivers of the Market
The growth of the Macau gaming market has been facilitated by a number of drivers and initiatives, including favorable population demographics and economic growth across each of the Asian source markets, a diversified offering of gaming and non-gaming segments, and commitment by central and local governments to infrastructure developments and improvements. Details of these market drivers are set out as follows:
Close proximity to two billion of the worlds population
Macau shares a border with Chinas populous and wealthy Guangdong Province and is approximately one hour from Hong Kong via high-speed ferry. Approximately 3.2 billion people live within a five hour flight away from Macau. The relatively easy access from major population centers in Asia facilitates Macaus development as a popular gaming destination in the region. Demand for non-gaming services including retail, leisure and entertainment services is also supported by the double-digit annual growth rate of personal disposable income and the growth of the middle class in China.
The following graph shows the population of, and visitation to Macau from, countries and regions within a five-hour flight of Macau in 2010:
Sources: Population data from International Monetary Fund estimates; visitation figures from DSEC
Visitation growth from mainland China, Macaus primary source of visitors, has been supported by the implementation of the IVS. Following its implementation in 2003, mainland Chinese citizens from selected large urban centers and economically developed regions were able to obtain permits to travel to Macau on their own without joining a tour. As at December 2010, the IVS had expanded to cover 49 cities and more than 270 million Chinese citizens, representing approximately 20% of Chinas population in 2010. However, it is estimated that merely 2% of the eligible citizens, or approximately 5.5 million were IVS travelers in 2010.
In 2007 and 2008, the Chinese government adjusted its IVS visa policy toward Macau and limited the number of visits that some mainland Chinese citizens may make to Macau in a given time period. In addition, in May 2009, China placed certain restrictions on the operations of below-cost tour groups that involve low up-front payments and compulsory shopping. Although the PRC government has in the past restricted, and then loosened, IVS travel frequency, it has indicated its intention to maintain tourism development by opening the IVS to more Chinese cities to visit Macau.
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The following diagram sets out the annual visitation to Macau from China from 2002 to 2010:
Sources: DSEC, National Bureau of Statistics of China
Note:
(1) | 2008 visitor numbers were revised by DSEC and showed a significant drop compared to previous non-revised numbers due to a methodological change. From 2008 forward, visitor arrivals have excluded non-resident workers, students, etc. but included arrivals at the Trans Border Industrial Park. The number of visitors to Macau in 2008 based on DSECs previous methodology was 30,185,740, an increase of 11.8% from 2007. |
Emergence of a wealthier demographic in China
It is anticipated that Macau will directly benefit from Chinas expanding economy. According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, Chinas gross domestic product, or GDP, grew at a 16.3% CAGR over the past five years. China is currently the second largest economy in the world by GDP. Unlike some of the worlds other large economies, the Chinese economy has been resilient to the global economic crisis in 2008. In the future, Chinas economic growth is expected to remain strong, reflecting PRC government spending and development of the inland provinces. World Economic Outlook forecasts Chinas economic growth to reach approximately 9.6% for 2011. Long-term economic growth in China is expected to help sustain and fuel the development of Macau as the mass entertainment and leisure hub in the Pan Pearl River Delta.
The promotion of domestic demand is critical in sustaining long-term economic growth in China. The impact of the recent global recession on Chinas economic growth has provided impetus to Chinas shift to increase domestic consumption in order to reduce dependence on exports and foreign investments. In order to strengthen domestic spending and consumption, the PRC government is accelerating urbanization and seeking to provide better education and jobs. At the end of 2010, approximately 50% of Chinas 1.34 billion population lived in urban areas. Rapid urbanization has historically spurred greater consumption and shifted the composition of the retail spending from a heavy weighting towards food to a more balanced consumption model. The shift in Chinas consumption patterns towards more discretionary spending is expected to continue as income increases. Given the higher propensity for gaming in this demographic, increased spending patterns are expected to serve to further support growth in Macaus gaming market.
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The following diagrams set out the growth of retail sales in China from 2002 to 2010, and the growth in per capita disposable income of urban household in China from 2007 to 2010:
Retail Sales Growth 2002 2010 |
Per Capita Disposable Income Urban Households | |
Sources: National Bureau of Statistics of China, CEIC Data Company Limited |
Sources: National Bureau of Statistics of China, CEIC Data Company Limited |
Diversified range in gaming segments with a focus on VIP customers
The Macau gaming market consists of two primary segments: the cash or mass market and the rolling chip or VIP market:
Mass market. The mass market segment consists of both table games and slot machines played on public mass gaming floors for primarily cash stakes. The mass market segment is generally viewed as a higher-margin component of the overall gaming market as compared to the rolling chip segment due to the commission costs of operating the rolling chip operations. Mass market gaming revenues have grown significantly and according to the DICJ, mass market table and slot operation revenue grew at a CAGR of 22.6% and 47.1% from 2005 to 2010, respectively. Mass market table and slot operations accounted for approximately 23.4% and 4.6%, respectively, of total gross gaming revenue in Macau for 2010.
Rolling chip or VIP market. Rolling chip, or VIP, players in Macau are typically wealthy persons who play mostly in dedicated VIP rooms or designated gaming areas. VIP players are sourced either by gaming promoters or through direct relationship between the casinos and the players such as members of loyalty programs.
In accordance with general industry practice, gaming promoters typically commit to certain casino-specified minimum rolling chip purchases per VIP room per month. In return for their services, the gaming promoter is typically paid a commission by the gaming operator, based on either gaming win or the rolling chip volume generated, of which a significant proportion is paid onto the player in the form of a revenue rebate. The obligation to pay commissions to gaming promoters and to VIP players directly sourced by concessionaires means that although this segment accounts for a large proportion of total gross gaming revenues, margins are lower than those of the mass market segment. VIP players typically receive various forms of complimentary services, including transportation, accommodation and food and beverage services from the gaming promoters or concessionaires. These complimentary services also affect the margins associated with the rolling chip segment of the business and form part of the 1.25% limit on commissions paid to gaming promoters on rolling chip programs.
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Direct VIP players are brought in through the direct relationship between players and gaming operators or players preference for a particular gaming operator or property. Although revenue rebates are paid to these customers, the level is typically lower than those paid to gaming promoters. As such, direct VIP players have potentially higher margins compared to VIP players sourced through gaming promoters.
The following table shows annual Macau gross gaming revenues by segment from 2005 to 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2011. It is anticipated that the diversified range in gaming segments in the Macau gaming market, with a focus on VIP customers, will continue to be the key growth driver in the near future.
(in millions of HK$) |
Year Ended December 31, | Six Months Ended June 30, 2011 |
2005-2010 CAGR |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mass market table gross gaming revenues |
15,469 | 17,269 | 22,977 | 28,492 | 32,070 | 42,793 | 26,666 | 22.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Slot machine gross gaming revenues |
1,214 | 1,993 | 3,489 | 5,488 | 6,314 | 8,367 | 5,389 | 47.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
VIP gross gaming Revenues |
28,023 | 35,712 | 54,138 | 71,623 | 77,509 | 131,697 | 88,455 | 36.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
44,706 | 54,974 | 80,604 | 105,604 | 115,892 | 182,857 | 120,511 | 32.5 | % |
Source: DICJ
Increased diversification in non-gaming offerings further enhances visitation and game play
Although non-gaming revenues currently represent a small portion of total revenues in the Macau gaming market, the development of non-gaming attractions positions Macau as a comprehensive entertainment destination. As casino operators utilize their expertise to incorporate retail, food and beverage outlets and entertainment into their properties to offer an integrated resort experience, visitation to Macau, the duration of stay and the spending per visitor in both gaming and non-gaming sectors have all increased.
Retail. In the past three years, casino operators have been expending new retail space on the Peninsula and in Cotai for upscale shopping. As mainland Chinese constitute a majority of visitors to Macau, retail plays an important role in attracting Chinese customers to the region to purchase premium brands without paying a luxury goods tax which may be levied in China. During the first three months of 2011, mainland Chinese visitors spent an average of HK$1,119 per person on shopping, higher than visitors from any other region. The upcoming supply of retail space offered by entertainment resorts is expected to help further propel visitation and business to the casinos.
Entertainment. The new integrated gaming resorts support the development of Macaus entertainment offerings to emulate Las Vegas breadth of entertainment attractions. The new resorts offer a variety of leisure and entertainment attractions to help draw in a more diverse array of visitors.
Lodging. It is anticipated that the introduction of additional high quality hotels, in combination with increasing retail and entertainment facilities and MICE space, will continue to enhance Macaus reputation as a world-class tourist and business destination and to contribute to an increase in the average length of stay in Macau.
Further improvement of transportation and infrastructure to drive visitation
Macau is accessible by land, air and sea. In 2010, approximately 52.4% of visitors arrived in Macau via the Zhuhai border gate crossing with China and the Cotai checkpoint, approximately 41.0% arrived via ferry and nearby cities in China, and approximately 6.5% arrived via the Macau International Airport and heliport. Several airlines currently fly directly to Macau International Airport, operating direct routes to Macau from countries such as South Korea, Japan, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore and the Philippines.
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Further, we believe that improved transportation to and within Macau will also contribute to continued growth in visitation and gaming players. A number of infrastructure projects to facilitate travel have been recently completed or are in various stages of planning or development:
| Guangzhou-Zhuhai Super Highway. The highway which opened in 2004 links Macau to Hengqin Island, a PRC government-mandated strategic new zone planned for development into a commercial, residential and resort destination. |
| Guangzhou-Zhuhai Intercity Mass Rapid Transit. The mass rapid transit was opened in January 2011, which provides another convenient form of transport to Macau. It reduces travel times between Guangzhou and Zhuhai from two hours to between 40 and 50 minutes. |
| Airport Capacity Upgrade. With the continuous upgrade in the capacity and facilities of the Macau International Airport, the airport will be equipped to receive 5.6 million passengers per year by 2015 and 15 million passengers per year after 2030. |
| Taipa Ferry Terminal. Macau will add a new ferry terminal, Taipa Ferry Terminal, in Taipa Island to its current two ferry terminals in the first half of 2013. Currently, there are two ferry terminals on the Macau Peninsula, the Inner Harbor and the Outer Habor, and a temporary one on the citys Taipa Island in operation. The new terminal will have 16 piers for boats with a capacity of up to 400 passengers and three piers for ships of 1,200 passenger berths. A heliport in the roof of the terminal will also be constructed. |
| Macau Light Rail System. The light rail system connecting Macau, Taipa and Cotai via 21 different stations will be ready for use by 2015, and is expected to improve access within Macau. |
| Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge. The bridge linking three areas will include a bridge with total length of around 30 km, boundary crossing facilities, access roads and associated works. In January 2007, the local governments of Hong Kong, Zhuhai and Macau established the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge Task Force to implement the project, which is expected to open in around 2015. It will contribute to the reduction in road travel time from Hong Kong and/or Zhuhai to Macau. |
| Expansion of Border Gate. The expansion of the border gate checkpoint in Portas do Cerco area in northern Macau is expected to increase the capacity of the border from 300,000 people per day to more than 500,000 people per day. |
In addition, according to the National Development and Reform Commission, the PRC government has expressed support for a more modern and integrated transportation system within the region as described in its Outline of the Plan for the Reform and Development of the Pearl River Delta (2008-2020). Such improved transportation to and within Macau is expected to contribute to growth in visitation and mass market gaming.
Other Asian gaming markets
Our company competes with other casinos located in countries such as Malaysia, South Korea, the Philippines, Vietnam, Cambodia, Australia, New Zealand and elsewhere in the world, including Las Vegas and Atlantic City in the United States. In addition, certain countries, such as Singapore, have legalized casino gaming and others may follow suit, including Japan, Taiwan and Thailand. Singapore awarded casino licenses to Las Vegas Sands and the Genting Group in 2006. The Genting Group opened its casino in February 2010 and Las Vegas Sands opened its casino in April 2010. We also compete with cruise ships operating out of Hong Kong and other areas of Asia that offer gaming. The regulation, liberalization, development and growth of gaming in the region are in a continual state of evaluation and evolution.
The extension and proliferation of gaming in other regional markets such as Singapore, while creating additional competition, is likely to encourage visitation and increase the penetration of gaming across the region, including in Macau, to the benefit of the established operators and markets. For example, despite the opening of
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two integrated resort casinos in Singapore in 2010 that generated an aggregate of approximately HK$26.9 billion of revenues, Macau recorded the seven highest monthly gross gaming revenues in history during February to August 2011. Below is an overview of the monthly gross gaming revenue in Macau since January 2009:
Monthly Gross Gaming Revenue in Macau
Source: DICJ
Please see Risk Factors Risks Relating to the Gaming Industry in Macau We face intense competition in Macau and elsewhere in Asia. We may not be able to compete successfully and may lose or be unable to gain market share.
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CORPORATE HISTORY AND STRUCTURE
Our History
Our company was incorporated under the name of Melco PBL Entertainment (Macau) Limited in December 2004 as an exempted company with limited liability under the laws of the Cayman Islands and registered as an overseas company under the laws of Hong Kong in November 2006. We were initially formed as a 50/50 joint venture between Melco and Publishing and Broadcasting Limited (now known as Consolidated Media Holdings Limited), an Australian-listed corporation, or PBL as their exclusive vehicle to carry on casino, gaming machine and casino hotel operations in Macau. Crown was established in 2007 when it acquired the gaming assets owned by PBL as part of the demerger of PBLs media and gaming businesses, including PBLs investment in our company. PBL was subsequently renamed Consolidated Media Holdings Limited. We changed our name to Melco Crown Entertainment Limited, in May 2008.
Our subsidiary Melco Crown Gaming is one of six companies licensed, through concession or subconcession to operate casinos in Macau. The Macau government awarded concessions to Galaxy, SJM and Wynn Macau in March 2002. The Macau government subsequently and successively authorized three subconcessions, permitting MGM Grand Paradise, VML and Melco Crown Gaming, to operate casino games and other games of chance in Macau. Melco Crown Gaming entered into the subconcession contract with Wynn Macau in September 2006. The subconcession will expire in June 2022. Pursuant to the subconcession and applicable regulations in Macau, 10% of the issued share capital of our company holding the subconcession must be held by a managing director of Melco Crown Gaming and must be a permanent resident of Macau. As of November 23, 2011, Mr. Lawrence Ho, our co-chairman and executive director, directly holds 10% of the issued share capital of Melco Crown Gaming. Mr. Lawrence Ho is a permanent resident of both Hong Kong and Macau. For further details on the subconcession and the subconcession regime, please see Regulations The Subconcession.
We have developed and operated a number of projects in Macau since our inception. Our current operations include (i) City of Dreams, an integrated resort in Macau, opened in Cotai in June 2009. It won the Best Leisure Development in Asia Pacific award in the International Property Awards in 2010 and the Best Casino VIP Room and Best Casino Interior Design awards in the International Gaming Awards 2011; (ii) Altira Macau, an integrated casino hotel in Macau, opened in Taipa in May 2007; (iii) Taipa Square Casino, a casino operates within Hotel Taipa Square located on Taipa Island, opened in June 12, 2008; and (iv) Mocha Clubs, the largest non-casino based operations of electronic gaming machines in Macau with a total of more than 1,800 gaming machines in nine clubs, first opened in September 2003.
In December 2006, we completed the initial public offering of our ADSs, each of which represents three shares, and listing on Nasdaq Global Market. We completed follow-on offerings of ADSs in November 2007, May 2009 and August 2009, respectively. In January 2009, we were upgraded to trade on the Nasdaq Global Select Market.
On May 17, 2010, our subsidiary MCE Finance issued US$600 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes with an interest rate of 10.25% per annum and a maturity date of May 15, 2018. The Senior Notes are listed on the Official List of the SGX-ST. MCE Finance subsequently made an offer to exchange up to all of the outstanding Initial Notes for all of the outstanding Senior Notes due 2018 that have been registered under the U.S. Securities Act. Tenders with respect to 99.96% of the Initial Notes were received prior to the expiration of the exchange offer. MCE Finance completed the exchange offer, issued the Exchange Notes and listed the Exchange Notes on the SGX-ST on December 27, 2010. On May 9, 2011, we issued RMB Bonds, which consists of RMB2.3 billion (US$353.3 million) aggregate principal amount of 3.75% bonds due 2013. For further details about our Senior Notes and RMB Bonds, please see Senior Notes and RMB Bonds.
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On July 27, 2011, we acquired a 60% equity interest in the developer of the Studio City Project, a large scale integrated entertainment, retail and gaming resort to be developed in Macau jointly by our company and New Cotai, LLC, an entity controlled by funds managed by Silver Point Capital, L.P. and Oaktree Capital Management, L.P. For further details on our operations and development projects, please see Business.
Melco Crown Joint Venture
In November 2004, Melco and PBL agreed to form an exclusive new joint venture in Asia to develop and operate casino, gaming machines and casino hotel businesses and properties in a territory defined to include China (comprising Macau, China, Hong Kong and Taiwan), Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Japan, the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia and other countries that may be agreed (but not including Australia and New Zealand).
In March 2005, Melco and PBL concluded the joint venture arrangements resulting in our company becoming a 50/50 owned holding company and entered into a shareholders deed that governed their joint venture relationship in our company and our subsidiaries. Crown was established in 2007 when it acquired the gaming assets owned by PBL as part of the demerger of PBLs media and gaming businesses, including PBLs investment in our company. We act as the exclusive vehicle of Melco and Crown to carry on casino, gaming machines and casino hotel operations in Macau, while activities in other parts of the territory will be carried out under other entities formed by Crown and Melco.
Original Shareholders Deed
Under the original shareholders deed, projects and activities of the joint venture in China were to be undertaken by MCE Holdings Three Limited (formerly known as MPEL (Greater China) Limited), which was effectively owned 60% by Melco and 40% by PBL, with projects in the territory outside China to be undertaken by one or more other of our subsidiaries which were effectively owned 60% by PBL and 40% by Melco.
Memorandum of Agreement
Simultaneously with PBL entering into an agreement with Wynn Macau to obtain the subconcession on March 4, 2006, Melco and PBL executed a memorandum of agreement on March 5, 2006, relating to the amendment of certain provisions of the shareholders deed and other commercial agreements between Melco and PBL in connection with their joint venture. Melco and PBL supplemented the memorandum of agreement by entering into a supplemental agreement to the memorandum of agreement on May 26, 2006. Under the memorandum of agreement, as amended, Melco and PBL agreed in principle to share on a 50/50 basis the risks, liabilities, commitments, capital contributions, economic value and benefits with respect to gaming projects in the territory, including Macau, subject to PBL obtaining the subconcession and the transfer of control of Melco Crown Gaming to us. The principal terms and conditions of the shareholders deed, as amended by the memorandum of agreement and the supplemental agreement to the memorandum of agreement, were:
| Melco and PBL are to share on a 50/50 basis all the economic value and benefits with respect to all gaming projects in the territory; |
| Melco and PBL were to appoint an equal number of members to our board, with no casting vote in the event of a deadlock or other deadlock resolution provisions; |
| All of the class A shares of Melco Crown Gaming, representing 28% of all the outstanding capital stock of Melco Crown Gaming, were to be owned by PBL Asia Limited (as to 18%) and the managing director of Melco Crown Gaming (as to 10%), respectively. Mr. Lawrence Ho was appointed to serve as the managing director of Melco Crown Gaming. The holders of the class A shares, as a class, had the right to one vote per share, receive an aggregate annual dividend of MOP 1 and return of capital of an aggregate amount of MOP 1 upon winding up or liquidation, but had no right to participate in the winding up or liquidation assets; |
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| All of the class B shares of Melco Crown Gaming, representing 72% of all the outstanding capital stock of Melco Crown Gaming were owned by MPEL Investments, our wholly owned subsidiary. As the holder of class B shares, we had the right to one vote per share, receive the remaining distributable profits of Melco Crown Gaming after payment of dividends on the class A shares, to return of capital after payment on the class A shares on a winding up or liquidation of Melco Crown Gaming, and to participate in the winding up and liquidation assets of Melco Crown Gaming; |
| The shares of Altira Developments and Melco Crown (COD) Developments and the operating assets of Mocha Clubs were transferred to Melco Crown Gaming; and |
| The provisions of the shareholders deed relating to the operation of our company were to apply to Melco Crown Gaming. |
New Shareholders Deed
Melco and PBL entered into a shareholders deed post our initial public offering of our ADSs which was effective in December 2006. In connection with the acquisition of the gaming businesses and investments of PBL by Crown in 2007 as part of the demerger of PBLs media and gaming businesses, Melco and Crown have entered into a new variation to the shareholders deed with us, which became effective in December 2007. The new shareholders deed includes the following principal terms:
Exclusivity. Melco and Crown must not (and must ensure that their respective Affiliates and major shareholders do not), other than through us, directly or indirectly own, operate or manage a casino, a gaming slots business or a casino hotel, or acquire or hold an interest in an entity that owns, operates or manages such businesses in Macau, except that Melco and Crown may acquire and hold up to 5% of the voting securities in a public company engaged in such businesses.
Directors. Melco and Crown may each nominate up to three directors and shall vote in favor of the three directors nominated by the other and will not vote to remove directors nominated by the other. Melco and Crown will procure that the number of directors appointed to our board shall not be less than ten. However, if the number of directors on our board is increased, each of Melco and Crown will agree to increase the number of directors that they will nominate so that not less than 60% of our board will be directors nominated by Melco and Crown and voted in favor of by the other.
Transfer of Shares. Without the approval of the other party, Melco and Crown may not create any security interest or agree to create any security interest in our shares. In addition, without approval from the other, Melco and Crown may not transfer or otherwise dispose of our shares, except for: (1) permitted transfers to their wholly owned subsidiaries; (2) transfers of up to 1% of our issued and outstanding shares over any three month period up to a total cap of 5% of our issued and outstanding shares; and (3) transfers subject to customary rights of first refusal and tag-along rights in favor of Crown or Melco (as the case may be) with respect to their transfers of our shares.
Events of Default. If there is an event of default, which is defined as a material breach of the shareholders deed, an insolvency event of Melco or Crown or their subsidiaries which hold our shares, or a change in control of the Melco or Crown subsidiaries which hold our shares, and it is not cured within the prescribed time period, then the non-defaulting shareholder may exercise: (1) a call option to purchase our shares owned by the defaulting shareholder at a purchase price equal to 90% of the fair market value of the shares; or (2) a put option to sell all of the shares it owns in us to the defaulting shareholder at a purchase price equal to 110% of the fair market value of the shares.
Notice from a Regulatory Authority. If a regulatory authority directs either Melco or Crown to end its relationship with the other, or makes a decision that would have a material adverse effect on its rights or benefits in us, then Melco and Crown may serve a notice of proposed sale to the other and, if the other shareholder does not want to purchase those shares, may sell the shares to a third party.
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Term. The shareholders deed will continue unless agreed in writing by all of the parties or if a shareholder ceases to hold any of our shares in accordance with the shareholders deed.
Registration Rights
We entered into a registration rights agreement on December 11, 2006 with Melco and Crown pursuant to which we granted Melco and Crown customary registration rights, including demand registration rights, piggyback registration rights and Form F-3 registration rights.
Senior Notes
On May 17, 2010, MCE Finance, a wholly owned subsidiary of our company, issued US$600 million aggregate principal amount of 10.25% Senior Notes due 2018 and listed the Initial Notes on the Official List of the SGX-ST. The issue price for the Initial Notes was 98.671% of the principal amount. MCE Finance subsequently made an offer to exchange up to all of the outstanding Initial Notes for up to all of the outstanding Senior Notes that have been registered under the U.S. Securities Act. The Senior Notes are (i) general obligations of MCE Finance, (ii) pari passu in right of payment to all existing and future senior indebtedness of MCE Finance, (iii) senior in right of payment to any existing and future subordinated indebtedness of MCE Finance, (iv) effectively subordinated to all of MCE Finances existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt and (v) unconditionally guaranteed by the guarantors. For further details of the Senior Notes, please see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
RMB Bonds
On May 9, 2011, we issued RMB2.3 billion aggregate principal amount of 3.75% bonds due 2013 and listed the RMB Bonds on the Official List of the SGX-ST. The RMB Bonds bear interest from and including May 9, 2011 payable semi-annually in arrears on May 9 and November 9 in each year commencing on November 9, 2011. The RMB Bonds constitute our direct, general, unconditional, unsubordinated and unsecured obligations which will at all times rank pari passu without any preference or priority among themselves and at least pari passu with all our other present and future unsecured and unsubordinated obligations, save for such obligations as may be preferred by provisions of law that are both mandatory and of general application. For further details of the RMB Bonds, please refer to Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Exchangeable Bonds
Melco Crown SPV Limited, or the SPV, a 50/50 special purpose vehicle formed between Melco and PBL (Crowns predecessor), and now owned 50/50 by Melco and Crown, offered US$200 million in aggregate principal amount of 2.4% guaranteed Exchangeable Bonds due 2012, in September 2007 or Exchangeable Bonds. The SPV granted an over-allotment option for an additional US$50 million principal amount of bonds exercisable at any time up to 30 days after September 10, 2007. This option was exercised and the Exchangeable Bonds are listed on the SGX-ST.
Unless previously redeemed or repurchased and cancelled, the Exchangeable Bonds are exchangeable at any time on or after September 10, 2008 and prior to August 31, 2012 by registered holders of the Exchangeable Bonds, into ADSs of our company at an initial exchange price of US$17.19 per ADS. The SPV has a cash settlement option in lieu of delivering the ADSs.
On September 10, 2010, the holders of the Exchangeable Bonds had a one time put option to require the SPV to redeem the Exchangeable Bonds and, further to that bondholder put option, on September 10, 2010 the SPV redeemed US$215.5 million in principal amount of the Exchangeable Bonds. The SPV has a redemption option any time after September 10, 2010 if the market price of the ADSs for the 30 consecutive trading days prior to the issue of a redemption notice is at least 130% of the Exchange Price (i.e. US$22.35), at 100% of their principal amount plus accrued but unpaid interest.
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The Exchangeable Bonds will mature on September 10, 2012, when the SPV will be required to redeem them at 100% of the principal amount, unless previously redeemed or exchanged.
Shareholder Loans
Each of Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments provided us with a shareholders loan in 2006, mainly for working capital purposes, for the acquisition of the Altira Macau and the City of Dreams sites and for construction of Altira Macau and City of Dreams. These loans carried interest at three months HIBOR and their maturity date was May 15, 2013. The outstanding loan balances due to Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments as at June 30, 2011, were HK$578.6 million (approximately US$74.3 million) and HK$321.2 million (approximately US$41.3 million), respectively. Crown Asia Investments made an advance to Melco Leisure in the sum of HK$180 million (approximately US$23.1 million), in January 2007, for the purpose of equalizing their economic interests in our company. Melco Leisure novated part of its outstanding loan from our company to Crown Asia Investments on November 29, 2011 in settlement of such advance.
The shareholder loans were converted into shares on November 29, 2011 (the Capitalization Date), with an adjustment between Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments to ensure they maintain their interests in our company in equal proportions.
We considered that a transparent and accepted pricing mechanism should be used for the capitalization. The price of capitalization will therefore be determined with reference to one-third of the volume weighted average price, or VWAP, of our ADSs as quoted on the Nasdaq Global Select Market over the period of the five Nasdaq trading days immediately preceding the Capitalization Date, as each ADS represents three shares (the Capitalization Price). Each of Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments was issued such number of shares that correspond to their respective loan values outstanding on the Capitalization Date.
The reference price for the capitalization was derived from the price of our ADSs listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market. We consider that this is in the best interests of our shareholders as our ADSs have been traded on Nasdaq since December 2006. The dilutive effect of the capitalization to existing shareholders (other than the controlling shareholders) was approximately 0.8%.
Given that our board is comprised of three nominees from each of our controlling shareholders, it was considered, as a matter of good corporate governance, that the decision to capitalize the loans be approved solely by our independent non-executive directors. Having regard to the timing of capitalization and transparent pricing mechanism, our independent board approved the process for capitalization on October 17, 2011. Our independent non-executive directors are satisfied that the capitalization of shareholder loans is in the interests of shareholders as a whole. There are a number of steps involved in the capitalization of shareholder loans, to preserve the intention that Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments maintain equal interests in our company.
Our company, Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments entered into a novation agreement on November 18, 2011, pursuant to which Melco Leisure shall transfer on the Capitalization Date, being November 29, 2011, by novation to Crown Asia Investments, HK$180 million (approximately US$23.1 million) of the outstanding loan balances owed to Melco Leisure by our company. On completion of the novation on November 29, 2011, our company will be indebted to Melco Leisure in the sum of HK$398.6 million (approximately US$51.2 million) and Crown Asia Investments in the sum of HK$501.2 million (approximately US$64.4 million).
Our company, Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments also entered into a loan capitalization agreement on November 18, 2011, pursuant to which each of Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments agreed to
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convert outstanding loan balances owed by our company to them as at the date of such agreement into shares on the Capitalization Date, being November 29, 2011. Our company will then issue shares on the Capitalization Date equal in value to the amount owing to each of Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments by our company as at the date of the loan capitalization agreement.
Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments entered into a share transfer agreement on November 18, 2011, pursuant to which Melco Leisure has agreed to purchase from Crown Asia Investments and Crown Asia Investments has agreed to sell such number of shares on the Capitalization Date with reference to the Capitalization Price, to ensure that Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments hold an equal number of shares in our company upon completion of such transfer. Melco Leisure will pay Crown Asia Investments HK$51.3 million (approximately US$6.6 million) in consideration of such share transfer.
According to our Macau Counsel, the capitalization of shareholder loans does not require any approval from the Macau government. No approval is required from any other parties.
On November 29, 2011, a total of 40,211,930 ordinary shares were issued in connection with the shareholder loan conversion described above, based on a conversion price of US$2.87 per share. Each of Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments received 20,105,965 ordinary shares upon the completion of the transactions.
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Corporate Structure
The following chart sets forth our simplified corporate structure as at November 23, 2011(1):
Notes:
(1) | As at November 23, 2011, 181,796,357 ADSs were issued, representing 545,389,071 ordinary shares and approximately 33.81% of the issued share capital of our company. |
(2) | As at November 23, 2011, 2,004,360 ADSs, representing 6,013,080 ordinary shares, are held by SPV, which is owned as to 50% by Melco Leisure and 50% by Crown Asia Investments. |
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(3) | As at November 23, 2011, 11,487,074 ordinary shares were issued as treasury shares, representing approximately 0.71% of the issued share capital of our company. Treasury shares are new shares issued by our company and held by the depositary bank to facilitate the administration and operation of our companys 2006 Share Incentive Plan. These shares are to be delivered to our directors, eligible employees and consultants on the vesting of restricted shares and upon the exercise of share options. |
(4) | The principal activity of MCE Finance is as an issuer of the Senior Notes, which involved the arrangement of financial resources and provision of finance to us. |
(5) | MCE Cotai Investments Limited is an investment holding company. |
(6) | MPEL International is an investment holding company. |
(7) | The remaining 40% interests in Cyber One is held by New Cotai, LLC. Cyber One is an investment holding company. |
(8) | MPEL Nominee One Limited is an investment holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands, or MPEL Nominee One. |
(9) | MSC Desenvolvimentos is owned 96% by Cyber Neighbour Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Cyber One, and 4% owned by Cyber One. The principal activity of MSC Desenvolvimentos is the development of integrated entertainment resort. It holds a piece of land in Macau for development of the Studio City Project. |
(10) | MPEL Investments is an investment holding company. |
(11) | MPEL Nominee Three Limited is an investment holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands, or MPEL Nominee Three. |
(12) | MPEL Nominee Two Limited is an investment holding company incorporated in the Cayman Islands, or MPEL Nominee Two. |
(13) | The shares of this company are owned 89.99% by MPEL Investments, 10% by our executive Director and 0.01% by MPEL Nominee Three. According to the applicable regulations, 10% of the issued share capital of our company holding the subconcession must be held by the managing director of such company and he or she must be a permanent resident of Macau. MPEL Nominee Three was incorporated and became a shareholder of Melco Crown Gaming to comply with the applicable regulations at the time of incorporation of Melco Crown Gaming, which requires it to have at least three shareholders. The principal activity of Melco Crown Gaming is casino operations. |
(14) | The shares of these companies are owned 96% by Melco Crown Gaming and 4% by MPEL Nominee Two. Melco Crown (COD) Hotels operates hotel and our non-gaming businesses at City of Dreams. Altira Hotel operates hotel and our non-gaming businesses at Altira Macau. |
(15) | The shares are owned 96% by Melco Crown Gaming and 4% by MPEL Nominee Two. The principal activity of Melco Crown (COD) Developments is the development of integrated entertainment resort. It holds the land and building for City of Dreams. |
(16) | The shares of this company are owned as to 99.98% by Melco Crown Gaming, 0.01% by MPEL Nominee Three and 0.01% by MPEL Nominee Two. The principal activity of Altira Developments is the development of casino and hotel. It holds the land and building for Altira Macau. |
(17) | The impact of the following transactions has not been reflected in the above corporate structure chart: |
(i) | On November 25, 2011, 689,511 restricted shares and 4,756,275 share options were issued to employees and a director upon vesting on the same date; and |
(ii) | On November 29, 2011, the outstanding shareholder loan balances due to Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments, which amounted to HK$899.7 million (approximately US$115.6 million) as of June 30, 2011, were converted into shares, with an adjustment between Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments to ensure that they maintain their interests in our company in equal proportions. The price of capitalization was determined as one-third of the VWAP of our ADSs as quoted on the Nasdaq Global Select Market over the period of the five Nasdaq trading days immediately preceding November 29, 2011, as each ADS represents three ordinary shares. 40,211,930 ordinary shares were issued upon capitalization of the shareholder loans. |
Relationship with Controlling Shareholders
Melco holds, through its wholly owned subsidiary, Melco Leisure, approximately 33.65% of the issued share capital of our company, and Crown holds, through its indirect wholly owned subsidiary Crown Asia Investments, approximately 33.65% of the issued share capital of our company.
Melco
Melco, an investment holding company, engages in leisure, gaming, and entertainment businesses primarily in South East Asia. It operates in two divisions: Leisure, Gaming and Entertainment; Property and Other Investments. The Leisure, Gaming and Entertainment division provides catering, entertainment, and related services. Entertainment Gaming Asia Inc, in which Melco has an equity interest of approximately 38.6%, is listed on NYSE-Amex, provides electronic gaming machines on a participation basis to the pan-Asian gaming industry and is engaged in the development of casinos in IndoChina. MelcoLot Limited, in which Melco has a 35.3% effective interest on a fully diluted basis (assuming full conversion of all outstanding convertibles), is listed on the Growth Enterprise Market, or GEM, in Hong Kong, operates in the Chinese lottery sector, principally in the provision and operation of the paperless lottery business. Mountain China Resorts (Holding) Limited, in which Melco has a 28.7% interest, is a developer of a ski resort in Yabuli, China, whose shares are listed on the TSX
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Venture Exchange in Toronto. Melco engages in restaurant operations (principally the Jumbo Kingdom floating restaurant in Hong Kong), and restaurant vessel holding and letting businesses, including the provision of management services. Melco was formerly known as The Macao Electric Lighting Company Limited and changed its name to Melco International Development Limited in 1988. Melco was founded in 1910 and listed on the HKSE in 1927. Melcos revenue for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010 was HK$125.2 million according to its annual report publicly available on its website and the HKSEs website.
Crown
Crown is one of Australias largest entertainment groups. The Crowns core businesses and investments are in the integrated resorts sector. Crown wholly owns and operates two of Australias leading integrated resorts, Crown Entertainment Complex in Melbourne and Burswood Entertainment Complex in Perth. Crown also wholly owns and operates the Aspinalls Club in London. Crown Entertainment Complex is one of the largest integrated resorts in the southern hemisphere with its casino, hotels, function rooms, restaurants, shopping and entertainment facilities. The casino currently features 2,500 electronic gaming machines and has approval to operate 500 table games. Its three hotels offer approximately 1,600 rooms, including 31 luxury villas. Burswood Entertainment Complex is Perths premier integrated resort encompassing a casino, two international hotels, convention center, the 20,000 seat Burswood Dome and award-winning food and beverage outlets. The casino has approval for 2,000 electronic machines and 220 table games. The Aspinalls Club in Mayfair is a high end London based casino. It is one of five licensed high end casinos in Londons prime west end entertainment district. In addition, Crown owns a portfolio of gaming investments that have been accumulated to complement Crowns existing core businesses. Crown owns a 50% interest in the Aspers Group, which owns and operates casinos in Swansea and Newcastle in the UK, as well as a 50% interest in a third casino in Northampton. The Aspers Group has also obtained a new casino license in connection with a casino in Stratford, London, expected to open in December 2011. Crown also owns a 24.5% interest in Cannery Casino Resorts, LLC, which owns and operates two casinos in Las Vegas, Nevada and a casino and racetrack in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, as well as holding a leasehold interest in a third casino in Las Vegas. Crowns revenue for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2011 was A$2,409.2 million according to its annual report publicly available on its website and the Australian Stock Exchanges website.
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Overview
We are a developer, owner and, through our subsidiary Melco Crown Gaming, operator of casino gaming and entertainment resort facilities focused on the Macau market. Our subsidiary Melco Crown Gaming is one of six companies licensed, through concessions or subconcessions, to operate casinos in Macau.
We were incorporated in 2004 as a joint venture between Melco and PBL (whose gaming businesses and investments were acquired by Crown in 2007 as part of the demerger of PBLs media and gaming businesses). We currently operate two major casino based operations, namely, City of Dreams and Altira Macau, and non-casino based operations at our Mocha Clubs. Our operations cater to a broad spectrum of gaming patrons, from high-stakes rolling chip gaming patrons to gaming patrons seeking a broader entertainment experience. We seek to attract patrons from throughout Asia and in particular from Greater China.
We focus on the Macau gaming market, which we believe will continue to be one of the largest gaming destinations in the world. In 2008, 2009 and 2010, Macau generated gaming revenue of approximately US$13.6 billion, US$14.9 billion and US$23.5 billion, respectively, according to the DICJ; for the same periods, the Las Vegas Strip generated gaming revenue (excluding sports book and race book) of US$6.0 billion, US$5.5 billion and US$5.7 billion, respectively, according to the Nevada Gaming Control Board. Macau benefits from its proximity to one of the worlds largest pools of existing and potential gaming patrons and is currently the only market in Greater China, and one of only several in Asia, to offer legalized casino gaming.
Our major existing operations and our development project consist of:
City of Dreams. City of Dreams, an integrated resort development in Cotai, Macau which opened in June 2009, currently features a casino area of approximately 420,000 square feet with a total of approximately 400 gaming tables and approximately 1,300 gaming machines. The resort houses three luxury hotels, which collectively offer approximately 1,400 guest rooms, a collection of retail brands, a wet stage performance theater and other entertainment venues.
We are currently re-evaluating the next phase of our development plan at City of Dreams. We expect the next phase of development to include a five-star hotel with features of an apartment hotel or a general hotel and anticipate we will finance this phase separately from the rest of City of Dreams.
Altira Macau. Altira Macau (formerly known as Crown Macau) opened in May 2007 and currently features a casino area of approximately 173,000 square feet with a total of approximately 200 gaming tables and offers approximately 200 hotel rooms.
Mocha Clubs. First opened in September 2003, we currently operate nine Mocha Clubs. With a combined total of more than 1,800 gaming machines, the clubs comprise the largest non-casino based operations of electronic gaming machines in Macau.
Studio City Project. We are reaching the final stages of our design plans, while working closely with the Macau government to complete the necessary approval process of the Studio City Project, in which we own 60% of the equity interest. Other than utilizing internal cash flow, we are also evaluating financing plans in relation to the Studio City Project including a bank loan and other debt financing. Currently, we envision the Studio City Project as an integrated entertainment, retail and gaming resort located in Cotai, with gaming areas, four-star and/or five-star hotel offerings, and various entertainment, retail and food and beverage outlets to attract a wide range of customers, with a particular focus on the mass market segment in Asia and in particular from Greater China. All of the features of the Studio City Project described in this prospectus are subject to change.
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Our net revenues for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 were US$1,416.1 million, US$1,332.9 million and US$2,642.0 million, respectively. We incurred net losses of US$2.5 million, US$308.5 million and US$10.5 million in the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010, respectively. During the same periods, casino revenues accounted for 99.3%, 97.9% and 96.5% of our total net revenues, respectively. Our net revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011 were US$1,141.2 million and US$1,766.5 million, respectively. We incurred a net loss of US$42.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and had a net income of US$73.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2011. During the same periods, casino revenues accounted for 96.8% and 95.8% of our total net revenues, respectively.
Our Competitive Strengths
We believe that we have a number of key strengths including the following:
Diversified Portfolio of High Quality Properties Targeting Multiple Customer Segments
We believe that our diversified portfolio of high quality properties enables us to attract multiple customer segments including rolling chip players, premium mass market players and leisure customers. The rolling chip segment is the largest gaming segment in Macau as measured by revenues and has historically been a key driver of market growth. The mass market segment typically results in higher operating margins than the rolling chip segment due to lower commissions. In addition to general mass market players, the mass market segment also includes premium mass market players who are high-spending customers seeking personalized service in a luxurious environment as well as leisure customers seeking non-gaming entertainment offerings or casual gaming experiences outside a conventional casino setting. We believe our ability to attract and target multiple customer segments also means that we minimize the risk of cannibalizing our existing customers when new properties are added to our portfolio.
City of Dreams an integrated luxury casino and entertainment resort targeting premium mass market and rolling chip segments.
City of Dreams is an integrated luxury resort offering gaming, entertainment, food and beverage, retail and other leisure options that targets premium mass market and rolling chip players from regional markets across Asia. Key attractions to the property include gaming facilities, hotel accommodations, the Franco Dragone production The House of Dancing Water which opened in September 2010 in the wet stage performance theater, the Dragons Treasure show which received the 2009 Thea Award for Outstanding Achievement from the Themed Entertainment Association (TEA) and the Club Cubic nightclub which opened in April 2011.
City of Dreams won the Best Leisure Development in Asia Pacific award in the International Property Awards in 2010, which recognizes distinctive innovation and outstanding success in leisure development, and the Best Casino VIP Room and Best Casino Interior Design awards in the International Gaming Awards in 2011, which recognizes outstanding design in the casino sector.
Altira Macau a luxurious casino and hotel offering focused on the rolling chip segment.
Altira Macau (formerly known as Crown Macau) offers multi-floor gaming areas, a five-star hotel, various dining facilities including the Michelin-star Italian restaurant Aurora and other non-gaming amenities, providing a luxurious level of accommodation and facilities that caters to Asian rolling chip players.
Altira Macau was awarded the Forbes Five Star rating in both Lodging and Spa categories by the Forbes Travel Guide (formerly known as Mobil Travel Guide) in 2010 and 2011. Altira Macau also won the Best Luxury Hotel in Macau award in the TTG China Travel Awards 2010, the Best Business Hotel in Macau award in TTG China Travel Awards 2009 and the Casino Interior Design Award in the International Gaming Awards in 2008.
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Mocha Clubs a casual and convenient gaming experience appealing to leisure mass market electronic gaming patrons outside the conventional casino setting.
Mocha Clubs electronic gaming facilities appeal to leisure mass market gaming patrons, including day-trip customers, seeking a gaming experience outside the conventional casino setting. Mocha Clubs are conveniently located in areas with strong pedestrian traffic, typically within three-star hotels. Our Mocha Clubs offer what we believe to be the latest technology in gaming machines.
Ability to Identify and Capture Innovative Growth Opportunities
We believe our ability to identify and capture innovative growth opportunities will continue to position us for future growth. We were an early mover in establishing a presence in Cotai with our investment in City of Dreams in 2005. Cotai has subsequently become a focus area of growth for other Macau gaming operators. We believe that City of Dreams ramp-up in operations since its successful opening in June 2009 and its prime location provide us with an established platform for growth in a rapidly expanding Macau gaming market. City of Dreams is located less than five minutes by car from Macau International Airport and Taipa Ferry Terminal, which is next to the temporary terminal and is expected to open in 2012. Further, it will be the first gaming facility stop from Taipa Ferry Terminal on the Macau Light Rail Transit, which is expected to commence operation in the fourth quarter of 2015.
Our acquisition of a 60% interest in the developer of the Studio City Project further highlights our ability to capture opportunities with strong growth potential. The Studio City Project is one of few integrated resort development projects in Cotai with a land grant. The planned integrated resort is expected to feature an array of gaming and non-gaming amenities. The project site is located adjacent to the Lotus Bridge which connects Macau to Hengqin Island, PRC and is expected to have a stop on the planned Macau Light Rail Transit route.
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Ability to Develop and Introduce Innovative Product and Service Concepts to the Market
We believe our innovative non-gaming product offerings, including The House of Dancing Water show and the Dragons Treasure show at City of Dreams, have helped diversify and expand Macaus existing entertainment options and reinforce our position as one of the most innovative integrated resort operators in Macau. The House of Dancing Water show, housed in a specially built theater with a stage pool that holds 3.7 million gallons of water, is one of the largest permanent water-based shows in the world. Envisaged by Mr. Lawrence Ho and created and directed by the renowned showmaker Mr. Franco Dragone, The House of Dancing Water show is performed by an international cast of approximately 80 artists and showcases dazzling costumes and special effects. The House of Dancing Water show has reinforced City of Dreams position as one of Asias premier leisure and entertainment resorts, drawing an average of approximately 19,000 visitors to the property per week and achieving an average theater occupancy rate of approximately 90% per show since the show opened in September 2010.
Dragons Treasure, the show offered in The Bubble at City of Dreams, received the 2009 Thea Award for Outstanding Achievement from the Themed Entertainment Association (TEA). The Bubble is one of the largest special effects projection dome theater. The ten-minute multimedia experience combines high-definition video, a sweeping musical score and more than 20,000 theatrical LED lights. Dragons Treasure is one of the most innovative and popular attractions in Macau, drawing more than 4,000 visitors per day.
Significant Experience of Our Controlling Shareholders and Seasoned Management Team
We believe that our seasoned management team will continue to be important to the continued success of our business. Our senior management team brings several decades of gaming experience and in-depth knowledge of the Chinese market as well as the entertainment industry. In the third quarter of 2010, we underwent an operational reorganization creating co-chief operating officer positions based on functional responsibilities. We believe that this reorganization has streamlined our organizational structure to expedite our decision-making processes and increase management efficiency as well as maintain our capacity for future growth.
We believe one of our strengths is the combined expertise of our controlling shareholders Melco and Crown who both have representation on our board. Melco has an established reputation and a broad network of business relationships in Macau, Hong Kong and elsewhere in Greater China, and was one of the first to tap the rapidly growing leisure, gaming and entertainment market in Macau. Crown is one of Australias largest entertainment groups and is an experienced gaming company. Our board benefits from the wealth of experience in the gaming industry contributed by our co-chairman and CEO Mr. Lawrence Ho and our co-chairman Mr. James Douglas Packer.
Strong Sales Reach and Customer Hosting and Loyalty Programs to Drive Business
We believe that our extensive sales reach in Asia, a customer database of more than 1 million customers, and well-developed and recognized customer hosting and loyalty programs have been instrumental in increasing customer visitation to our properties and developing strong customer loyalty, which in turn have been key contributors to our revenue growth.
We have sales relationships and representation in all key target markets, enabling us to target and retain premium direct rolling chip and premium mass market players as well as to drive the broader mass market gaming and non-gaming business at our properties.
We carefully analyze our gaming customer databases to effectively identify and target different customer segments with tailored offers and promotions to increase repeat visits and spending at our properties. Our loyalty clubs and customer host programs are key elements of our marketing strategy. Our exclusive VIP club and 4-tiered mass market loyalty club provide rewards based on customer value. Our dedicated customer hosting programs provide personalized service to our most valuable customers.
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Development and Construction Experience
We have an experienced in-house development and construction team including commercial, construction and creative team members. This team was integral in the development and construction of City of Dreams and is expected to lead the development and construction of the Studio City Project.
Strong Operating Performance to Fund Potential Growth Opportunities
For the year ended December 31, 2010, we generated net revenues of US$2,642.0 million with adjusted property EBITDA of US$489.8 million, a 98.2% and 411.4% increase, respectively, over the year ended December 31, 2009. Adjusted property EBITDA is earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, pre-opening costs, development costs, share-based compensation, property charges and others, corporate and other expenses and other non-operating income and expenses. We incurred a net loss of US$10.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2010, as compared to a net loss of US$308.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. Our record-high revenues and adjusted property EBITDA in 2010 were driven by the successful opening of City of Dreams in June 2009 and a recovery in rolling chip volume at Altira Macau, resulting in strong year-over-year growth in casino revenues. For the six months ended June 30, 2011, we generated net revenues of US$1,766.5 million with adjusted property EBITDA of US$372.9 million, a 54.8% and 100.6% increase, respectively, over the same period in 2010. For the six months ended June 30, 2011, we generated net income of US$73.8 million, compared to a net loss of US$42.6 million for the same period in 2010.
We believe our strong operating performance will provide us with the financial resources to fund potential growth opportunities.
Our Strategies
Our objective is to become a leading provider of gaming, leisure and entertainment services capitalizing on the expected future growth opportunities in Macau. To achieve our objective, we have developed the following core business strategies:
Develop a Balanced Product Portfolio of Well-Recognized Branded Experiences Tailored for a Broad Spectrum of Customer Segments
We offer a balanced product portfolio targeting rolling chip and mass market players. We believe our clear focus on different market segments will enhance our ability to adapt to the fast growing and changing gaming market in Macau, as well as to achieve a balanced and sustainable long-term growth in the future.
We believe that building strong, well-recognized branded experiences is critical to our success, especially in the brand-conscious Asian market. We intend to develop and further strengthen our brands by building and maintaining high quality properties that differentiate us from our competitors throughout Asia and by providing a set of experiences tailored to meet the cultural preferences and expectations of Asian customers.
We have incorporated design elements at our properties that cater to specific customer segments. By utilizing a more focused customer segmentation strategy, we believe we can better service specific segments of the Macau gaming market.
Utilize Melco Crown Gamings Subconcession to Maximize Our Business and Revenue Potential
We intend to leverage the independence, flexibility and economic benefits we enjoy as a subconcessionaire to capitalize on the potential growth of the Macau gaming market. Although the Macau government announced that the number of gaming tables operating in Macau should not exceed 5,500 until the end of the first quarter of 2013 and that, thereafter, for a period of 10 years, the total number of gaming tables to be authorized will be limited to an annual increase of 3%, the existing concession regime does not place any limit on the number of casinos or gaming areas that may be operated under each concession or subconcession. Moreover, these
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restrictions are of non-statutory nature and different policies, including on the annual increase rate in the number of gaming tables, may be adopted at any time by the relevant Macau government authorities. As a subconcessionaire, we can, subject to government approval, develop and operate new projects without the need to partner with other concessionaires or subconcessionaires. We will consider opportunities as they arise to utilize our subconcession at newly acquired or developed or existing properties.
Furthermore, we may consider leveraging our licensed status by entering into leasing or services arrangements with developers and hotel operators who do not hold concessions or subconcessions to operate gaming activities at their properties and keep a percentage of the revenues. However, we cannot currently pursue this strategy because in 2008 the Macau government announced that new services agreements with respect to gaming activities would not be approved or authorized. The moratorium on new gaming services agreements does not currently impact the services agreement between Melco Crown Gaming, New Cotai Entertainment (Macau) Limited and New Cotai Entertainment, LLC with respect to the Studio City Project because the agreement was entered into in 2007, prior to the announcement of the moratorium. Once such moratorium is lifted, we will consider entering into other similar arrangements with developers and hotel operators, subject to obtaining the relevant approvals.
Develop Comprehensive Marketing and Customer Loyalty Programs
We will continue to seek to attract customers to our properties by leveraging our brands and utilizing our marketing resources. We have combined our brand recognition with customer management techniques and programs in order to build a database of repeat customers and loyalty club members. Through Mocha Clubs share of the Macau electronic gaming market, we have also developed a customer database and a customer loyalty program, which we believe have successfully enhanced repeat play and further built the Mocha Clubs brand.
We will seek to continue to grow and maintain our customer base through the following sales and marketing activities:
| create a cross-platform sales and marketing department to promote all of our brands to potential customers throughout Asia in accordance with applicable laws; |
| utilize special product offers, special events, tournaments and promotions to build and maintain relationships with our guests, in order to increase repeat visits and help fill capacity during lower demand periods; and |
| implement complimentary incentive programs and commission based programs with selected promoters to attract high-end customers. |
Create First Class Service Experiences
We believe that service quality and memorable experiences will continue to grow as a key differentiator among the operators in Macau. As the depth and quality of product offerings continue to develop and more memorable properties and experiences are created, we believe that tailored services will drive competitive advantage. As such, our focus remains on creating service experiences for the tastes and expectations of our various customers.
We believe the continued development of our staff and supporting resources are central to our success in this regard. We will invest in the long term development of our people through sharing experiences and relevant training.
Maintain a Strong Balance Sheet and Conservative Capital Structure, De-Leverage and Remain Alert to Potential Growth Opportunities
We believe that a strong balance sheet is a core foundation for our future growth strategy. We will continue to monitor and effectively manage our liquidity needs and raise development funds when favorable market conditions permit us to do so. While taking account of development needs and potential growth opportunities, we will, as a priority, apply surplus cash generated from our operations to de-leveraging.
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Our Major Existing Operations
City of Dreams
City of Dreams is an integrated resort development in Cotai, Macau which opened in June 2009. City of Dreams targets premium mass market and rolling chip players from regional markets across Asia. City of Dreams currently features a casino area of approximately 420,000 square feet with a total of approximately 400 gaming tables and approximately 1,300 gaming machines.
The resort brings together a collection of brands to create an experience that appeals to a broad spectrum of visitors from Asia. We have one hotel management agreement, pursuant to which Hyatt of Macau Ltd. manages the Grand Hyatt Macau hotel and pays us the gross operating profit after deduction of its management and incentive fees, and we have entered into license agreements with respect to Crown Towers hotel and Hard Rock hotel, pursuant to which we are granted certain rights to use certain intellectual properties from the licensors. No fee is payable for the use of the Crown marks and certain fees are payable for the use of the Hard Rock marks. See Intellectual Property. The Crown Towers hotel and the Hard Rock Hotel each offers approximately 300 guest rooms, and the Grand Hyatt Macau hotel offers approximately 800 guest rooms. There are over 20 restaurants and bars; 69 retail outlets, an audio visual multimedia experience, recreation and leisure facilities, including health and fitness clubs, three swimming pools, spa and salons and banquet and meeting facilities. The Club Cubic nightclub, with approximately 26,210 square feet of live entertainment space, opened at City of Dreams in April 2011.
The Dancing Water Theater, a wet stage performance theater with approximately 2,000 seats, opened in September 2010 and features The House of Dancing Water show, a Franco Dragone production. The House of Dancing Water is the live entertainment centerpiece of the overall leisure and entertainment offering at City of Dreams. We believe this production highlights City of Dreams as an innovative entertainment-focused destination and strengthens the overall diversity of Macau as a multi-day stay market and one of Asias premier leisure and entertainment destinations. The production incorporates costumes, sets and audio-visual special effects and showcases an international cast of performance artists.
Dragons Treasure, the show offered in The Bubble at City of Dreams, received the 2009 Thea Award for Outstanding Achievement from the Themed Entertainment Association (TEA). City of Dreams also won the Best Leisure Development in Asia Pacific award in the International Property Awards in 2010, which recognizes distinctive innovation and outstanding success in leisure development, and the Best Casino VIP Room and Best Casino Interior Design awards in the International Gaming Awards in 2011, which recognizes outstanding design in the casino sector.
Our total project costs for the development of City of Dreams, including the casinos, the three hotels, the wet stage performance theater and all retail space and food and beverage outlets, were approximately US$2.4 billion, comprising primarily construction and fit-out costs and design and consultation fees and excluding the cost of land, capitalized interest and pre-opening expenses.
We continue to evaluate the next phase of our development plan at City of Dreams. We currently expect the next phase of development to include a five-star hotel with features of an apartment hotel or a general hotel and anticipate we will finance this phase separately from the rest of the City of Dreams. Before we finalize our development plan, we are assessing our hotel room requirements, government policies and general market conditions. The development of the hotel would be subject to the availability of additional financing and Macau governments approval and may require the approval of our financiers under our existing and any future debt facilities.
As at November 23, 2011, the next phase of development of City of Dreams was at a preliminary stage without any definitive plans regarding design, capital commitment, land acquisition, construction schedule or budget.
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Altira Macau
Altira Macau (formerly known as Crown Macau) opened in May 2007 and is designed to provide a casino and hotel experience that caters to Asian rolling chip customers and players sourced primarily through gaming promoters.
Altira Macau currently features a casino area of approximately 173,000 square feet with a total of approximately 200 gaming tables. Our multi-floor layout comprises primarily designated gaming areas and private gaming rooms for rolling chip players, together with a general gaming area for the mass market that offers various table limits to cater to a wide range of mass market patrons. Our multi-floor layout allows us the flexibility to reconfigure our gaming areas to meet the changing demands of our patrons and target specific customer segments.
We consider Altira Hotel, located within the 38-story Altira Macau, to be one of the leading hotels in Macau. The top floor of the hotel serves as the hotel lobby and reception area, providing guests with views of the surrounding area. The hotel comprises approximately 200 hotel rooms, including suites and villas, and features in-room entertainment and communication facilities. A number of restaurants and dining facilities are available at Altira Macau, including the Michelin-star Italian restaurant Aurora, several Chinese and international restaurants, dining areas focused around the gaming areas and several bars. Altira Hotel also offers non-gaming entertainment venues, including a spa, gymnasium, outdoor garden podium and a sky terrace lounge.
Altira Macau offers a luxurious level of accommodations and facilities. Altira Hotel was awarded the Forbes Five Star rating in both Lodging and Spa categories by the Forbes Travel Guide (formerly known as Mobil Travel Guide) in 2010 and 2011. Altira Macau also won the Best Luxury Hotel in Macau award in the TTG China Travel Awards 2010, Best Business Hotel in Macau award in TTG China Travel Awards 2009 and the Casino Interior Design Award in the International Gaming Awards in 2008.
We introduced experienced local management to Altira Macau in 2008 to further our understanding of our rolling chip clients. In late 2009, Altira Macau transitioned away from a gaming promoter aggregator model where we contract with a junket consolidator that manages and provides credit to its collaborators, to a more traditional gaming promoter model where we contract directly with all our gaming promoters without the services of an intermediary consolidator.
The Altira brand was launched in April 2009 and has been developed to target the Asian rolling chip market. The rebranding of Crown Macau as Altira Macau aligns the brand positioning of the property with its market focus on Asian rolling chip customers players while focusing the Crown property brand solely at City of Dreams.
Mocha Clubs
Mocha Clubs first opened in September 2003 and has expanded operations to nine clubs, with gaming space ranging from approximately 3,000 square feet to 22,000 square feet. See PropertyMocha Clubs for further details. As of December 31, 2010, Mocha Clubs had 1,576 gaming machines in operation, which represented 11% of the total machine installation in the market, according to DICJ. Mocha Clubs focus on general mass market players, including day-trip customers, outside the conventional casino setting. Except for Mocha Altira located at Altira Macau, we operate Mocha Clubs at leased or sub-leased premises or under right-to-use agreements. Our Mocha Clubs comprise the largest non-casino based operations of electronic gaming machines in Macau and are located in areas with strong pedestrian traffic, typically within three-star hotels. In addition to slot machines, each club site offers electronic tables without dealers. The gaming facilities at our Mocha Clubs include what we believe is the latest technology for gaming machines and offer both single-player machines with a variety of games, including progressive jackpots, and multi-player games where players on linked machines play against the house in electronic roulette, baccarat and sicbo, a traditional Chinese dice game.
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The Mocha Club at Mocha Square was temporarily closed for renovations from the end of 2007 and resumed operations in February 2009. We redecorated the ground and first floors of the Hotel Taipa Square Mocha Club during January 2009 to facilitate easier access by customers.
In September 2011, we opened our ninth Mocha Club at the Macau Tower Convention & Entertainment Centre, or Macau Tower, which offers 260 slot machines and electronic table games across approximately 21,500 square feet of floor area on the ground floor and the second floor of Macau Tower.
Our Development Project
We continually seek new opportunities for additional gaming or related businesses in Macau and will continue to target the development of a project pipeline in Macau in order to maximize the business and revenue potential of Melco Crown Gamings investment in its subconcession. In defining and setting the timing, form and structure for any future development, we focus on the following principles: (i) putting in place plans for financing for any project before commencing construction; (ii) ensuring that our existing portfolio of properties benefits from the new development through a developed understanding of how the market for our properties and services has continued to change and segment; and (iii) pacing new supply with market demand.
Studio City Project
In May 2007, we entered into a services agreement with New Cotai Entertainment (Macau) Limited and New Cotai Entertainment LLC (entities in which we acquired control of 60% of the shares in July 2011), under which we will operate the gaming areas of the planned Studio City Project, a large integrated entertainment, retail and gaming resort to be developed in Cotai, Macau. The services agreement stipulates that Melco Crown Gaming will retain a portion of gross gaming revenues from the casino operations of the Studio City Project.
On July 27, 2011, we acquired from an affiliate of eSun Holdings Limited a 60% equity interest in the developer of the Studio City Project, Cyber One. Under the sale and purchase agreement and related transaction documents, we made a payment of US$260 million to an affiliate of eSun Holdings Limited for its entire 60% equity interest in Cyber One and its rights under a shareholder loan in the amount of US$60 million extended to Cyber One in 2006. The consideration was arrived at after arms length negotiations and determined on normal commercial terms, having taken into account the location of the land and its future potential to generate cash flow.
The litigation relating to the Studio City Project between the former shareholders of Cyber One and related parties was settled at the time of the acquisition of our interest in the Studio City Project. Accordingly, there are no risks or liabilities flowing from such litigation to us. The above shareholder loan of US$60 million has been cancelled and converted in to equity in the form of a share premium. We also made a payment of US$50 million, to be followed by two further payments of US$25 million each over two years from July 2011, to New Cotai Holdings for transferring to Cyber One the shares of other entities that own rights to develop the gaming areas of the Studio City Project. New Cotai Holdings, which is controlled by US funds Silver Point Capital, L.P. and Oaktree Capital Management, L.P., retains the remaining 40% interest in Cyber One. We made a one-off commission payment to an independent third party, in the sum of US$15 million, in consideration for its facilitation of the acquisition of our equity ownership in Cyber One. The board of directors of Cyber One will consist of no more than five members and, provided we have an equity interest of more than 40% and a greater percentage of shares than any other shareholder, we shall be entitled to appoint three members to the board of directors of Cyber One (including the chairperson). The board of directors of Cyber One is responsible for the overall management of Cyber One and its subsidiaries and may delegate to its management or any committee of the board of director, some or all matters relating to the day-to-day affairs of Cyber One.
In connection with the acquisition, we have entered into a shareholders agreement for Cyber One, which contains a variety of provisions governing the relationship between us and New Cotai, as shareholders of Cyber One, including but not limited to the composition of the board of directors, related party transactions, corporate
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governance, the development and operation of the Studio City Project, future capital contributions, restrictions on transfer of shares of Cyber One, and other related matters. Pursuant to the shareholders agreement, if any shareholder of Cyber One fails to subscribe for securities required to be subscribed by it under a capital call, such shareholder will have no further right to subscribe for such securities and Cyber One must offer to each of its other shareholder(s) the right to purchase those securities or to advance to Cyber One a shareholder loan, which would effectively dilute the shareholding of the shareholder who fails to subscribe for securities in Cyber One. New Cotai will also enter into a registration rights agreement with Cyber One entitling New Cotai to be able to cause Cyber One or its successor to seek, subject to certain conditions being satisfied, an initial public offering on an internationally recognized stock exchange on or after the opening of the Studio City Project and otherwise providing customary registration rights to New Cotai.
We are reaching the final stages of our design plans, while working closely with the Macau government to complete the necessary approval process of the Studio City Project, in which we own 60% of the equity interest. Other than utilizing internal cash flow, we are also evaluating financing plans in relation to the Studio City including a bank loan and other debt financing. Currently, we envision the Studio City Project as an integrated entertainment, retail and gaming resort located in Cotai, with gaming areas, four-star and/or five-star hotel offerings, and various entertainment, retail and food and beverage outlets to attract a wide range of customers, with a particular focus on the mass market segment in Asia and in particular from Greater China. All of the features of the Studio City Project described in this prospectus are subject to change.
Site preparation for the Studio City Project has been completed, and the construction period is estimated to be 36 months from commencement of construction, which we currently expect to commence in the first half of 2012, subject to receipt of all necessary government approvals and financing.
We currently estimate on a preliminary basis that the construction cost for the Studio City Project will be approximately US$1.9 billion. However, this preliminary cost estimate may be revised depending on a number of variables, including receipt of all necessary government approvals, the final design and development plan, funding costs, the availability of financing on terms acceptable to us, and prevailing market conditions.
Property
We operate our gaming business in accordance with the terms and conditions of our gaming subconcession. In addition, our operations and development projects are also subject to the terms and conditions of land concessions and lease agreements for leased premises.
City of Dreams
The City of Dreams site is located on two adjacent land parcels in Cotai, Macau with a combined area of 113,325 square meters (approximately 1.2 million square feet). On August 13, 2008, the Macau government formally granted a land concession for the City of Dreams site to Melco Crown (COD) Developments for a period of 25 years, renewable for further consecutive periods of up to ten years each, subject to obtaining approvals from the Macau government. The premium is approximately MOP842.1 million (US$105.1 million), of which approximately MOP586.3 million (US$73.2 million) has been paid as of June 30, 2011, and the remaining premium of approximately MOP255.8 million (US$31.9 million), accrued with 5% interest, will be paid in four biannual installments. We have also provided a guarantee deposit of approximately MOP3.4 million (US$424,000), subject to adjustments, in accordance with the relevant amount of government land use fees payable during the year. The land concession enables Melco Crown (COD) Developments to develop five-star hotels, four-star hotels, apartment hotel and a parking area with a total gross floor area of 515,156 square meters (approximately 5.5 million square feet). We applied for an amendment to the land concession to enable the increase of the total developable gross floor area and on October 16, 2009 we received from the Macau government the initial terms for the revision of the land lease agreement pursuant to which we would be able to
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increase the developable gross floor area by approximately 1.7 million square feet. In March 2010, our subsidiaries Melco Crown (COD) Developments and Melco Crown Gaming accepted the final terms for the revision of the land lease agreement and fully paid the additional premium in the amount of MOP257.4 million (US$32.1 million) to the Macau government. The land grant amendment process was completed on September 15, 2010. Under the revised land concession, the developable gross floor area at the site is 668,574 square meters (approximately 7.2 million square feet).
Under the City of Dreams land grant, Melco Crown (COD) Developments is authorized to build an additional four-star apartment hotel at the City of Dreams. Although there are no legal impediments for us to obtain the relevant approvals and consents for the development of a four-star apartment hotel or a five-star hotel, if we decide to pursue the option of building a five-star hotel we shall have to seek an amendment to the City of Dreams land grant. In such case, we may have to pay an additional land premium, the amount of which may not be estimated at this stage.
During the construction period, we paid the Macau government land use fees at an annual rate of MOP30.0 (US$3.74) per square meter of land, or an aggregate annual amount of approximately MOP3.4 million (US$424,000). According to the terms of the revised land concession, the annual government land use fees payable are approximately MOP9.5 million (US$1.2 million). The government land use fee amounts may be adjusted every five years.
The equipment utilized by City of Dreams in the casino and hotel is owned by us and held for use on the City of Dreams site and includes the main gaming equipment and software to support its table games and gaming machine operations, cage equipment, security and surveillance equipment, casino and hotel furniture, fittings, and equipment.
Altira Macau
The Altira Macau property and equipment is located on a plot of land of approximately 5,230 square meters (56,295 square feet) under a 25-year land lease agreement with the Macau government which is renewable for successive periods of up to ten years, subject to obtaining approvals from the Macau government. The terms and conditions of the land lease agreement entered into in March 2006 by Altira Developments, our wholly-owned subsidiary through which Altira Macau was developed, require a land premium payment of approximately MOP149.7 million (US$18.7 million). The initial land premium payment of MOP50.0 million (US$6.2 million) was paid in November 2005 upon acceptance of the terms and conditions of the agreement and the balance was paid in four equal semi-annual installments bearing interest at 5% per annum. We paid the outstanding balance in July 2006. A guarantee deposit of approximately MOP157,000 (US$20,000) was also paid upon signing of the lease and is subject to adjustments in accordance with the relevant amount of government land use fees payable during the year. We pay the Macau government land use fees of approximately MOP1.4 million (US$171,000) per annum. The amounts may be adjusted every five years as agreed between the Macau government and us using applicable market rates in effect at the time of the adjustment.
The Macau government approved total gross floor area for development for the Altira Macau site of approximately 95,000 square meters (1,022,600 square feet).
The equipment utilized by Altira Macau in the casino and hotel is owned by us and held for use on the Altira Macau site and includes the main gaming equipment and software to support its table games and gaming machine operations, cage equipment, security and surveillance equipment and casino and hotel furniture, fittings and equipment.
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Mocha Clubs
Mocha Clubs operate at premises with a total floor area of approximately 74,000 square feet at the following locations:
Mocha Club |
Opening Date | Location |
Gaming Area | |||||
(in square feet) | ||||||||
Mocha Altira |
December 2008 | Level 1 of Altira Macau | 2,950 | |||||
Mocha Square |
October 2007 | 1/F, 2/F and 3/F of Mocha Square | 3,400 | |||||
Marina Plaza |
December 2006 | 1/F and 2/F of Marina Plaza | 10,800 | |||||
Hotel Taipa |
January 2006 | G/F of Hotel Taipa | 6,000 | |||||
Sintra |
November 2005 | G/F and 1/F of Hotel Sintra | 5,000 | |||||
Taipa Square |
January 2005 | G/F, 1/F and 2/F of Hotel Taipa Square | 9,200 | |||||
Lan Kwai Fong |
April 2004 | G/F of Hotel Lan Kwai Fong (formerly known as Kingsway Commercial Centre) | 6,700 | |||||
Royal |
September 2003 | G/F and 1/F of Hotel Royal | 8,450 | |||||
Macau Tower |
September 2011 | G/F and 2/F of Macau Tower | 21,500 | |||||
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Total |
74,000 | |||||||
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For locations operating at leased or sub-leased premises, the lease and sub-lease terms are pursuant to lease agreements that expire at various dates through June 2022, which are renewable upon our giving notice prior to expiration and subject to incremental increases in monthly rentals.
In addition to leasehold improvements to Mocha Club premises, the on-site equipment utilized at the Mocha Clubs is owned and held for use to support the gaming machines operations.
Studio City Project
The Studio City Project is one of the few integrated resort development projects to be developed in Cotai that currently has a land grant concession. The land concession for the Studio City Project was granted by way of lease for a land plot with an area of 140,789 square meters (approximately 1.5 million square feet), for a period of 25 years from October 17, 2001, renewable for successive periods of 10 years, until December 19, 2049. In accordance with the terms of the land concession, MSC Desenvolvimentos has paid approximately MOP23.3 million (US$2.9 million), has provided a guarantee deposit of approximately MOP845,000 (US$105,000), and is paying land use fees approximately MOP845,000 (US$105,000) per annum. On September 26, 2008, the Macau government issued a formal draft amendment in respect of the Studio City Project land concession, which was accepted by MSC Desenvolvimentos on October 14, 2008. Pursuant to such amendment, the developable site area is approximately 130,789 square meters (approximately 1.4 million square feet) and the gross construction area is approximately 707,078 square meters (approximately 7.6 million square feet). Further, MSC Desenvolvimentos shall have to pay an additional premium of approximately MOP1.4 billion (US$175.0 million), of which approximately MOP188.8 million (US$23.6 million) has been paid, approximately MOP283.0 million (US$35.3 million) shall be due upon final acceptance of the amendment terms and the balance of approximately MOP930.2 million (US$116.1 million) is to be paid in five quarterly installments bearing interest at 5% per annum. However, these amendment terms are not final and the Macau government may change the terms of the amendment, including the amount of additional premium that may be due by MSC Desenvolvimentos, until final formal acceptance of such terms by MSC Desenvolvimentos. See Risk Factors Risks Relating to Our Business and Operations in Macau We are planning to develop the Studio City Project on a plot of land for which the development period has elapsed and for which we have not yet obtained the final approval of the Macau government for the amendment of the land concession on terms acceptable to us. If we do not obtain the extension of the development period and approval for the amendment of the land concession on terms acceptable to us, we could forfeit all or part of our investment in the Studio City Project and would not be able to open and operate that facility as planned.
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Other Premises
Taipa Square Casino premises, including the fit-out and gaming related equipment, are located on the ground floor and level one of Hotel Taipa Square and have a total floor area of approximately 1,760 square meters (18,950 square feet). We operate Taipa Square Casino under a right-to-use agreement with the owner of the property.
Apart from the property sites for Altira Macau and City of Dreams, we maintain various offices and storage locations in Macau and Hong Kong. We lease all of our office and storage premises, except for five units located at Golden Dragon Centre (formerly known as Zhu Kuan Building) whose property rights belong to us. The five units have a total area of 839 square meters (approximately 9,029 square feet) and we operate a recruitment center there. The five units were purchased by MPEL Properties (Macau) Limited, our indirect wholly-owned subsidiary, for approximately HK$79.7 million (US$10.2 million) on August 15, 2008. The Golden Dragon Centre is erected on a plot of land under a land lease grant that expires on July 27, 2015. Such land lease grant is renewable for successive periods of up to ten years.
Advertising and Marketing
We seek to attract customers to our properties and to grow our customer base over time by undertaking several types of advertising and marketing activities and plans. We utilize local and regional media to publicize our projects and operations. We have built a public relations and advertising team that cultivates media relationships, promotes our brands and directly liaises with customers within target Asian countries in order to explore media opportunities in various markets. Advertising uses a variety of media platforms that include digital, print, television, online, outdoor, on property (as permitted by Macau, PRC and other regional laws), collateral and direct mail pieces. In order to be competitive in the Macau gaming environment, we hold various promotions and special events, operate loyalty programs, maintain a database of gaming customers and have developed a series of commission and other incentive-based programs to offer to both gaming promoters and individuals alike.
We operate different loyalty programs in certain of our properties to encourage repeat business from loyal slot machine customers and table games patrons. Members earn points based on gaming activity and such points can be redeemed for free play and other free goods and services.
Our loyalty clubs and customer host programs are key elements of our marketing strategy. Our exclusive VIP club and mass market loyalty club provide a structured reward and recognition system based on customer value. The mass market loyalty club is segmented based on customer value into four tiers: City Club Blue, City Club Gold, Signature Club Red, and Signature Club Green. Members earn city points for their gaming spend that may be redeemed for a range of retail gifts and complimentary vouchers that may be used in our restaurants, bars, theaters, hotels and gaming areas. Members also receive other benefits such as discounts, parking entitlements and invitations to members-only promotions and events. Members of the two top tiers, Signature Club Red and Signature Club Green, also have exclusive entry to private luxury gaming salons on the mass gaming floor and VIP customer services including VIP hotel check-in, private dining, exclusive edition retail items for point redemption, priority reservation for shows, limousine services, invitations to exclusive events and promotions, and personal hosting services.
We utilize a broad range of strategies to increase the size of our loyalty clubs, retain members and increase the frequency of their visits to our properties. These strategies include marketing and promotions to encourage new member sign-ups, regular promotions and events to encourage return visitation and sophisticated analysis techniques to segment our customer database to enable personalized and targeted direct marketing of customers.
Competition
We believe that the gaming market in Macau is and will continue to be intensely competitive. Our competitors in Macau and elsewhere in Asia include all the current concession and subconcession holders and
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many of the largest gaming, hospitality, leisure and property development companies in the world. Some of these competitors are larger than us and have significantly longer track records of operation of major hotel casino resort properties.
Gaming in Macau is administered through government-sanctioned concessions awarded to three different concessionaires SJM, which is a company listed on the HKSE in which Mr. Lawrence Ho, our co-chairman and chief executive officer, and his family members have shareholding interests; Wynn Macau, a subsidiary of Wynn Resorts Ltd.; and Galaxy, a consortium of Hong Kong and Macau businessmen. SJM has granted a subconcession to MGM Grand Paradise, which was originally formed as a joint venture by MGM-Mirage and Ms. Pansy Ho, sister of Mr. Lawrence Ho. Galaxy has granted a subconcession to VML, a subsidiary of US-based Las Vegas Sands Corporation, the developer of Sands Macao and Venetian Macao. Melco Crown Gaming obtained its subconcession under the concession of Wynn Macau.
SJM currently operates multiple casinos throughout Macau. SJM has extensive experience in operating in the Macau market and long-established relationships in Macau. SJM has announced an intention to develop a new casino in Cotai.
Wynn Macau opened the Wynn Macau in September 2006 on the Macau Peninsula. In addition they opened an extension to Wynn Macau called Encore in 2010. Wynn Macau has also announced an intention to develop a new casino in Cotai.
Galaxy currently operates multiple casinos in Macau, including StarWorld, a hotel and casino resort in Macaus central business and tourism district. The Galaxy Macau resort opened in Cotai in May 2011.
VML with a subconcession under Galaxys concession, operates Sands Macao, together with The Venetian Macao and the Plaza Casino at The Four Seasons Hotel Macao, which are both located in Cotai. VML has also announced proposals for further large developments in Cotai, one of which we believe is scheduled to open in 2012.
MGM Grand Paradise, with a subconcession under SJMs concession, opened the MGM Grand Macau in December 2007, which is located next to Wynn Macau on the Macau Peninsula. MGM Grand Paradise has announced an intention to develop a new casino in Cotai.
The scale of our property and gaming operations relative to those of the other operators are shown in the table below (the splits between the number of rolling chip and non-rolling chip tables of the competitors are not consistently disclosed and therefore cannot be reliably computed):
Our Company | Industry | |||||||
Gross gaming revenue for the twelve months ended June 30, 2011 (in millions of US$) |
4,214 | (1) | 28,280 | (2) | ||||
Gross gaming revenue for the year ended December 31, 2010 (in millions of US$) |
3,403 | (1) | 23,504 | (2) | ||||
No. of gaming tables(4) |
approximately 600 | 5,237 | ||||||
No. of slot machines(4) |
approximately 3,000 | (3) | 15,098 | |||||
No. of hotels(4) |
4 | 63 | ||||||
No. of hotel rooms(4) |
approximately 1,600 | 21,106 |
Sources: Company data, DICJ, DSEC
Notes:
(1) | Gross gaming revenue is defined as all gaming revenue derived from casino or gaming areas before deduction of any discounts, commissions and points earned in customer loyalty programs. |
(2) | Excluding revenues derived from non-casino related activities such as horse racing, greyhound racing, Chinese lotteries, instant lotteries and sports lotteries. |
(3) | In September 2011, we opened our ninth Mocha Club at Macau Tower, which offers 260 slot machines. |
(4) | As of June 30, 2011. |
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The existing concessions and subconcessions do not place any limit on the number of gaming facilities that may be operated. In addition to facing competition from existing operations of these concessionaires and subconcessionaires, we will face increased competition when any of them constructs new, or renovates pre-existing, casinos in Macau or enters into leasing, services or other arrangements with hotel owners, developers or other parties for the operation of casinos and gaming activities in new or renovated properties, as SJM and Galaxy have done. The Macau government has publicly stated that each concessionaire will only be permitted to grant one subconcession. Moreover, the Macau government announced that, until further assessment of the economic situation in Macau, there would be no increase in the number of concessions and subconcessions. The Macau government further announced that the number of gaming tables operating in Macau should not exceed 5,500 until the end of the first quarter of 2013 and that, thereafter, for a period of 10 years, the total number of gaming tables to be authorized will be limited to an annual increase of 3%. However, these restrictions are of non-statutory nature and different policies, including on the annual increase rate in the number of gaming tables, may be adopted at any time by the relevant Macau government authorities. In accordance with the DICJ, the number of gaming tables operating in Macau as of June 30, 2011 was 5,237. The Macau government reiterated further that it does not intend to authorize the operation of any new casino that was not previously authorized by the government. However, the policies and laws of the Macau government could change and permit the Macau government to grant additional gaming concessions or subconcessions. Such change in policies may also result in a change of the number of gaming tables and casinos that the government is prepared to authorize to operate.
Other Regional Markets
We may also face competition from casinos and gaming resorts located in other Asian destinations together with cruise ships. Casinos and integrated gaming resorts are becoming increasingly popular in Asia, giving rise to more opportunities for industry participants and increasing regional competition. There are major gaming facilities in Australia located in Melbourne, Perth, Sydney and the Gold Coast. Genting Highlands is a popular international gaming resort in Malaysia, approximately a one-hour drive from Kuala Lumpur. South Korea has allowed gaming for some time but these offerings are available primarily to foreign visitors. There are also casinos in the Philippines, Vietnam and Cambodia, although they are relatively small compared to those in Macau.
Singapore legalized casino gaming in 2006. Genting Singapore PLC opened its resort in Sentosa, Singapore in February 2010 and Las Vegas Sands Corporation opened its casino in Marina Bay, Singapore in April 2010. Despite these openings Macau has continued to show healthy growth. In addition, several other Asian countries are considering or are in the process of legalizing gambling and establishing casino-based entertainment complexes.
Gaming Patrons
Our gaming patrons include rolling chip players and mass market players. The following table sets out a breakdown of our casino revenues by market type for the periods indicated:
Year Ended December 31, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2010 | 2011 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands of US$) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Rolling chip market table games |
1,239,394 | 957,079 | 1,805,068 | 762,913 | 1,175,896 | |||||||||||||||
Mass market table games |
62,196 | 213,715 | 530,893 | 240,349 | 384,282 | |||||||||||||||
Mass market gaming machines |
104,342 | 133,840 | 214,581 | 101,577 | 132,183 | |||||||||||||||
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Total casino revenues |
1,405,932 | 1,304,634 | 2,550,542 | 1,104,839 | 1,692,361 | |||||||||||||||
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Mass Market Players
Mass market players are non-rolling chip players and they come to our properties for a variety of reasons, including our direct marketing efforts, brand recognition, the quality and comfort of our mass market gaming floors and our non-gaming offerings. Mass market players are furthered classified as general mass market and premium mass market players.
Rolling Chip Players
Rolling chip players at our casinos are patrons who participate in our in-house rolling chip programs or in the rolling chip programs of our gaming promoters. Our rolling chip players play mostly in our dedicated VIP rooms or designated gaming areas.
Our in-house rolling chip programs consist of rolling chip players sourced through our direct marketing efforts and relationships, whom we refer to as premium direct players. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011, our five largest premium direct players together generated substantially less than 10% of our casino revenues for the same periods. Premium direct players can earn a variety of gaming-related rebates, such as cash, rooms, food and beverage and other complimentary products or services. The level of rebates provided to premium direct players varies in accordance with the historical and current roll volume per visit of the player, competitive conditions and the win or loss of the player. Premium direct players typically need to provide front money of at least HK$200,000 and achieve a certain turnover to qualify for such rebates. We extend interest-free credit, typically in the form of non-negotiable chips, to selected premium direct players. There is generally higher credit risk exposure related to premium direct players as the credit is granted to individuals rather than to junket operators who operate junket business involving multi-players and are thus able to spread the credit risk as they are not as significantly exposed to the win or loss of any single player. The balance due from premium direct players as of December 31, 2010 and June 30, 2011, as a percentage of our casino revenues was 5.1% and 6.9%, respectively. We have in place internal controls and credit policies and procedures to manage our credit risk. See Gaming Operations Credit Management and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Credit Risk for further details.
A significant amount of our rolling chip play is brought to us by gaming promoters, also known as junket operators. While rolling chip players sourced by gaming promoters do not earn direct gaming related rebates from us, we pay a commission and provide other complimentary services to the gaming promoter. See Gaming Promoters for further details.
Gaming Promoters
We engage gaming promoters to promote our VIP gaming rooms primarily due to the importance of the rolling chip segment in the overall Macau gaming market, gaming promoters knowledge of and experience within the Macau gaming market, in particular with sourcing and attracting rolling chip patrons and arranging for their transportation and accommodation, and gaming promoters extensive rolling chip patron network. Under standard arrangements utilized in Macau, we provide gaming promoters with exclusive or casual access to one or more of our VIP gaming rooms and support from our staff, and gaming promoters source rolling chip patrons for our casinos or gaming areas to generate an expected minimum amount of rolling chip volume per month.
Gaming promoters are responsible for a substantial portion of our casino revenues. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011, approximately 85.2%, 71.8%, 62.3%, 61.0% and 61.6% of our casino revenues were derived from customers sourced through our gaming promoters, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011, our top five customers were gaming promoters and accounted for approximately 83.8%, 55.3%, 25.4%, 30.0% and 26.3% of our casino revenues, respectively, and our single largest customer accounted for approximately 73.9%, 40.7%, 6.8%, 8.8% and 7.5% of our casino revenues, respectively.
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Gaming promoters are independent third parties that include both individuals and corporate entities and are officially licensed in Macau by the DICJ. We believe that we have strong relationships with some of the top gaming promoters in Macau and have a solid network of gaming promoters who help us market our properties and source and assist in managing rolling chip patrons at our properties. There is no limit imposed by the DICJ on the number of gaming promoters that we are allowed to engage. We expect to continue to evaluate and selectively add gaming promoters going forward.
The following table sets forth the number of agreements we had in place with gaming promoters for the periods indicated.
Year ended December 31, |
Six months ended June 30, |
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2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | |||||||||||||
Number of gaming promoters at the beginning of period |
21 | 24 | 55 | 70 | ||||||||||||
New gaming promoters |
15 | 38 | 22 | 15 | ||||||||||||
Cessation of gaming promoters |
(12 | ) | (7 | ) | (7 | ) | (6 | ) | ||||||||
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Number of gaming promoters at the end of period |
24 | 55 | 70 | 79 | ||||||||||||
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% of change |
14.3 | % | 129.2 | % | 27.3 | % | 12.9 | % |
We have established procedures to screen prospective gaming promoters prior to their engagement, and conduct periodic checks that are designed to ensure that the gaming promoters with whom we associate meet suitability standards. The background checks we perform with respect to our gaming promoters or their directors and key employees are limited to the information that we can obtain under the applicable laws and procedures of each relevant jurisdiction, some of which are more comprehensive than others. For jurisdictions where we are unable to obtain certified records from the relevant authorities regarding the absence of a criminal record of any individual, we rely on the strict licensing process of the DICJ, together with a self declaration certified by the relevant individual, to the extent applicable, and other publicly available information through database searches.
We are jointly liable for the activities of our gaming promoters, their directors and collaborators within our casinos. During the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and the six months ended June 30, 2011, we were not subject to any material investigation, sanction, fine or penalty due to violations of Macau gaming laws by our gaming promoters.
We typically enter into gaming promoter agreements for a one-year term that is automatically renewed for periods of up to one year unless otherwise terminated. The gaming promoter agreements may be terminated (i) by either party without cause upon 15 days advance written notice, (ii) upon advice from the DICJ or any other gaming regulator to cease having dealings with the gaming promoter or if DICJ cancels or fails to renew the gaming promoters license, (iii) if the gaming promoter fails to meet the minimum rolling chip volume it agreed to with us, (iv) if the gaming promoter enters or is placed in receivership or provisional liquidation or liquidation, an application is made for the winding up of the gaming promoter, the gaming promoter becomes insolvent or makes an assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or an encumbrancer takes possession of any of the gaming promoters assets or (v) if any party to the agreement is in material breach of any of the terms of the agreement and fails to remedy such breach within the timeframe outlined in the agreement. While certain of our gaming promoter agreements do not stipulate an exclusive clause, each of our gaming promoters must not serve as a gaming promoter for any other casino or gaming operator in Macau without prior notice to us and is contractually required to disclose to us any agreement or commercial arrangement with any other casino or gaming operator in Macau. All gaming promoter agreements must be filed with DICJ, along with any changes to the agreements.
Our gaming promoters are compensated through commission arrangements that are calculated on a monthly or a per trip basis. We generally offer commission payment structures that are calculated by reference to revenue share or monthly rolling chip volume. Under the revenue share-based arrangements, the gaming promoter
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participates in our gaming wins or losses from the rolling chip patrons brought in by the gaming promoter. The share of wins and losses are defined in each gaming promoter agreement and are amended from time to time to take current market factors into consideration. Under the monthly rolling chip volume-based arrangements, commission rates vary but do not exceed the 1.25% regulatory cap under Macau law on gaming promoter commissions. To encourage gaming promoters to use our VIP gaming rooms for rolling chip patrons, our gaming promoters may receive complimentary allowances for food and beverage, hotel accommodation and transportation. Under the Administrative Regulation 29/2009, these allowances must be included in the 1.25% regulatory cap on gaming promoter commissions.
We also extend interest-free credit to a significant portion of our gaming promoters for short-term, renewable periods under credit agreements that are separate from the gaming promoter agreements. Credit lines are generally subject to monthly review and settlement procedures. These procedures allow us to calculate the commissions payable to the gaming promoter and to determine the amount which can be offset, together with any other items of value held by us from the gaming promoter, against the outstanding credit balances owed by the gaming promoter. Credit is granted to a gaming promoter based on performance and financial background of the gaming promoter and, if applicable, the gaming promoters guarantor. If we determine that a gaming promoter has good credit history and a track record of large business volumes, we may extend credit exceeding one month of commissions payable. This credit is typically unsecured. Although the amount of such credit may exceed the amount of accrued commissions payable to, and any other amounts of value held by us from, the gaming promoters, we generally obtain personal checks and promissory notes from guarantors or other forms of collateral. The balance due from gaming promoters as of December 31, 2010 and June 30, 2011, as a percentage of our casino revenues was 6.3% and 10.6%, respectively. We have in place internal controls and credit policies and procedures to manage this credit risk. See Gaming Operations Credit Management and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk Credit Risk for further details.
Regulation of Gaming Promoters
In August 2009, the Macau government amended the legislation on gaming promoter activity (Administrative Regulation 6/2002) permitting the imposition of a cap on the percentage of commissions payable by concessionaires and subconcessionaires to gaming promoters. In September 2009, the Secretary for Economy and Finance issued a dispatch implementing a commission cap of 1.25% of rolling chip volume, effective as of September 22, 2009 and which is being enforced as of December 1, 2009. Under the amended legislation and the dispatch, any bonuses, gifts, services or other advantages which are subject to monetary valuation and which are granted, directly or indirectly, inside or outside of Macau by any concessionaire or subconcessionaires or any company of their respective group to any gaming promoter shall be considered a commission. The commission cap regulations impose fines (ranging from 100,000 Patacas up to 500,000 Patacas) on concessionaires and subconcessionaires that do not comply with the cap and other fines (ranging from 50,000 Patacas up to 250,000 Patacas) on concessionaries and subconcessionaires that do not comply with their reporting obligations regarding commission payments. If breached, the legislation on commission caps has a sanction enabling the relevant government authority to make public a government decision imposing a fine on a concessionaire and subconcessionaire, by publishing such decision on the DICJ website and in two Macau newspapers (in Chinese and Portuguese, respectively). We believe we have implemented the necessary internal control systems to ensure compliance with the commission cap and reporting obligations in accordance with applicable rules and regulations.
Gaming promoters are subject to a licensing and suitability assessment process conducted by the DICJ. In such process the DICJ examines the suitability of the gaming promoters and their shareholders, as well as any declared gaming promoters employees and collaborators. Gaming promoters licenses have to be renewed on an annual basis in December of each year. The DICJ monitors each gaming promoter and its employees and collaborators and requires quarterly updates regarding the gaming promoters employees. In addition, we also
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conduct our internal due diligence and evaluation process prior to engaging any gaming promoter. Each gaming promoter is subject to Macau laws and regulations and applicable DICJ instructions, including those related with AML and financing of terrorism.
Under the terms of our subconcession contract and the gaming laws of Macau, we are jointly responsible for violations of gaming laws by gaming promoters operating in our casino. Thus, in addition to the vetting performed by the DICJ, all of our gaming promoters undergo a thorough internal vetting process. We conduct extensive background checks and also conduct periodic reviews of the activities of each gaming promoter, its employees and its collaborators for possible non-compliance with Macau legal and regulatory requirements. Such reviews include investigations into compliance with applicable money laundering laws and regulations as well as tax withholding requirements. We have not been subject to any investigation, sanction, fine, penalty and do not believe we have suffered any reputational harm caused by any alleged violation by our gaming promoters of Macau gaming laws during the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and the six months ended June 30, 2011, and we are not otherwise aware of any alleged violation of Macau gaming laws by our gaming promoters on our properties.
For more information regarding the risks associated with our relationships with gaming promoters, see Risk Factors Risks Relating to the Gaming Industry in Macau.
Gaming Operations
The subconcession contract requires that our casino and gaming areas be open seven days a week, every day of the year. Our casinos operate on a 24-hour basis. Our gaming activities are conducted through a number of gaming operations, including gaming floor, cage and treasury as well as security and surveillance operations. Our gaming operations referred to herein include operations in all of the areas that the rolling chip players and mass market players have access to, including gaming areas.
Gaming Floor Operations
Our gaming floor is organized into multiple gaming pits, each consisting of a configuration of several gaming tables. Inside each gaming pit are playing cards, dice, table inventories of gaming chips and computer terminals used by gaming supervisors. As of June 30, 2011, we had 3,575 employees working in our gaming division. Of those, 1,810 were dealers, 1,592 were gaming operations managers (including supervisors, pit managers and shift managers) and the remaining employees were technicians and other administrative staff.
Our dealers are responsible for conducting and facilitating various table games (such as baccarat, blackjack and roulette), handling chip exchanges occurring at their tables and assisting in chip counts. While most gaming tables have one dealer during operating hours, some table games, such as craps and baccarat, require more than one dealer to run. All of our casino staff are trained to identify high value transactions and suspicious transactions occurring at their gaming table and are required to report any such transaction to their supervisors for immediate and appropriate action.
Gaming operations managers are primarily responsible for the supervision of our gaming operations. In particular, they monitor the performance of our gaming supervisors to ensure that all gaming floor operations are conducted properly and in accordance with both our internal rules and regulations as well as with applicable laws and regulations imposed by the Macau government. Our gaming supervisors and operations managers also monitor, through either our electronic surveillance system or direct on-site supervision, the gaming activities of our patrons with a view to ensuring that no illegal or fraudulent activities are conducted in our casino or gaming areas.
Our gaming operations managers conduct chip counts and certify the amount and value of all chips contained in each gaming tables chip tray on a regular basis. This process, which is recorded by our video surveillance system, is completed in the presence of dealers and supervisors.
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The chips contained in a gaming tables chip tray represent the initial daily capital for each gaming table. Upon the closing of a gaming table, the supervisor in charge of the gaming table, under the supervision of the DICJ, counts and certifies the amount and value of all chips in that gaming tables chip tray. The drop boxes are collected for centralized handling, and the total gross table games win is tabulated and certified by the DICJ.
Credit Management
We have adopted and implemented a corporate credit policy that governs our gaming credit activities and provides a basis to effectively manage our credit exposure and risks in line with business growth. Our corporate credit policy sets out our credit limits, delegations of authority for credit activities, the processes to appraise and monitor credit, the requirements for obtaining collateral and/or other documentation to enhance credit recovery efforts and to appropriately manage and raise adequate allowance for doubtful debts.
On a case-by-case basis, we extend credit to our gaming promoters and our premium direct players, which is typically unsecured. We generally grant a credit period of 30 days on the issuance of markers to licensed gaming promoters. Credit is also granted to certain gaming promoters on a revolving basis. All gaming promoter credit is subject to monthly review and settlement procedure processes including our credit committee review and other checks performed by our cage, count and credit department to evaluate the current status of liquidity and financial health of such gaming promoter. Credit periods for our premium direct players typically range from 14 to 28 days on the issuance of markers following investigations of creditworthiness. Repayment terms may be extended up to typically 90 days for premium direct players with large gaming losses and established credit history. The original due date for debts where extended repayment terms are agreed is not altered when determining the aging of debts and no further credit is extended at such premium direct players next trip until the debt is repaid.
As of October 31, 2011, our casino customers had settled US$193.9 million out of the US$298.7 million (i.e. approximately 64.9%) casino receivables outstanding as of June 30, 2011.
We extend credit based on an evaluation of all available personal, business and gaming information relating to a gaming patron or gaming promoter. We also conduct searches on databases of relevant jurisdictions, websites and public records. In addition, we usually require a promissory note and/or personal check from each credit player as a promissory form of advance payment. This policy has been used effectively as a collection vehicle and as proof of the gaming patrons intention to honor the gaming debt.
Pursuant to our agreements with gaming promoters, gaming promoters are permitted to extend credit to their clients to use for gaming at our casinos. We are not involved in these credit arrangements between the gaming promoters and their clients, and do not assume direct credit risk with respect to such extensions of credit. The extension of credit by gaming promoters to patrons is an important function of the gaming promoters, as it helps us reduce our exposure to direct credit risk.
Our credit committee, comprised of senior management representatives from the finance, cage count and credit, internal audit, legal, gaming operations and international marketing departments, establishes and oversees credit policies and procedures in accordance with our credit policy approved by our board. Our credit committee meets on a monthly basis to monitor and manage the credit outstanding to ensure credit policies and procedures are effective and being followed and to take any necessary follow-up action to recover overdue debts and to minimize credit risk. The credit committee performs a specific review of the recoverable amount of each individual credit account balance from our gaming promoters and our premium direct players at each balance sheet date based on managements assessment of collection trends in the casino industry and of the current economic and business condition to ensure that adequate allowance for doubtful debts are made for those accounts with collectability issues identified. As our client payment experience evolves, we will continue to refine our estimated allowance for doubtful debts.
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As of December 31, 2010 and June 30, 2011, our casino accounts receivable were US$294.0 million and US$298.7 million, respectively, and our allowance for doubtful casino accounts receivable as a percentage of casino accounts receivable were approximately 14.1% and 21.3%, respectively. Our allowance for doubtful accounts may fluctuate significantly from period to period as a result of having significant individual customer account balances where changes in their status of collectability cause significant changes in our allowance.
For information regarding allowances for doubtful accounts, see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates Accounts Receivable and Credit Risk.
Cage, Audit and Treasury
Key responsibilities carried out by our cage, audit and treasury operations teams include:
| verifying and reconciling results; |
| computing, verifying and recording win of each gaming table; |
| collecting cash from slot machines and table games and preparing cash collection reports under the supervision of the DICJ; |
| managing and monitoring bank accounts; and |
| auditing and ensuring compliance with AML laws associated with high value transactions and suspicious transactions. |
Security and Surveillance
Our casinos and gaming areas are divided into different security patrol sections. Each patrol section consists of a specified area of the gaming floor and generally includes several gaming tables, cash counters and slot machines. We assign security officers in the general environs of cash counters and private casino VIP room locations, and typically position several security officers in key areas of the gaming floor, such as at the public entrances and exits of the casinos and gaming areas as well as near the casino cages.
We use sophisticated CCTV surveillance systems consisting of fixed and movable cameras that enable our surveillance staff to monitor and record all activities in the casinos and gaming areas as well as elsewhere on our properties. Our surveillance systems are designed to assist our security teams in maintaining the highest levels of patron and employee security in the casinos and gaming areas. Our surveillance departments monitor large betting activities, large deviating loss result, or any irregular activity reported by the gaming operations, security personnel, or any other department. All activities in monitored areas are covered and digitally recorded by our CCTV network of cameras placed throughout the casino and associated gaming areas. The surveillance department uses the live and/or recorded images and video from the CCTV system to monitor and review high action losses on table games to determine if any suspicious cheating or illegal activities have occurred. This includes checks of gaming equipment (playing cards), and the patrons and employee actions in compliance with data protection laws in Macau. During the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and the six months ended June 30, 2011, we did not discover any weaknesses in relation to our security and surveillance system.
Quality Assurance, Internal Controls and Government Oversight
We employ internal controls and procedures designed to help ensure that our gaming and other operations are conducted in a professional manner and in compliance with internal control requirements issued by the DICJ set forth in its instruction on AML, any applicable laws and regulations in Macau as well as the requirements set forth in the subconcession contract. Furthermore, like all casinos in Macau, our casinos are subject to on-site government oversight by the DICJ and the Macau Judiciary Police. For more information regarding the regulations to which we are subject in Macau, see Regulations.
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Internal Controls on Gaming Operations
Our gaming operations are subject to risk of loss resulting from employee or patron dishonesty or fraud by our gaming promoters. Minimizing these risks requires the development of procedures that can control the authorization, accountability and safekeeping of gaming chips, cash and gaming equipment. We have implemented a system designed to detect cheating and fraud scams in table and slot games, which includes a comprehensive surveillance system and experienced surveillance monitoring and security enforcement teams. Prevention and investigation of fraud and cheating in our casino and gaming areas are primarily carried out by the security, surveillance and investigations surveillance departments with the cooperation of the finance and gaming operations departments. Our surveillance department operates independently from all other operational departments to ensure integrity of operations and compliance with operational policies and procedures.
In addition, we employ advanced technology and techniques in our gaming facilities to prevent and detect potential fraud, cheating or counterfeiting activities. These methods include the use of cards and chips with embedded authentication features such as holograms in cash chips and barcodes on cards, infrared readers, money note scanners, electronic card readers and a 24-hour CCTV system. All gaming equipment inventory and card sorting and storage are under 24-hour closed circuit television surveillance. The majority of the playing cards are pre-shuffled by the manufacturer and properly secured in our playing-card room and we use a playing card management system to maintain total inventory control. In addition, our gaming tables are all equipped with dealing shoes that assist in preventing cheating. We utilize a system with exclusive card codes dedicated exclusively to our casino. The shoes have built-in devices to read the card codes of each playing card drawn from a shoe, allowing it to detect any foreign cards. Furthermore, the system maintains records of each card drawn from a shoe to mitigate the risk of cheating by players exchanging the playing cards they receive.
Our casino staff and surveillance department are also trained in gaming protection techniques. Our surveillance department conduct reviews and checks on gaming equipment independent of our table games division to help ensure that game integrity has not been compromised and to help prevent collusion.
Our dealers, gaming supervisors, other senior gaming operations managers, cashiers, cash and chip counters, security, count, and surveillance personnel are subject to a randomized rotation plan in order to mitigate the risk of wrongdoing resulting from collusion.
We also work closely with officers of the Macau Judiciary Police, who are stationed 24-hours a day, seven days a week in the resort and gaming areas. If a member of our staff identifies suspicious activity which may constitute a crime, our security department will report such activity to the stationed officers for further investigation. In addition, our security department maintains a permanent presence on the gaming floor to ensure that Macau government blacklisted persons, money launderers, pickpockets, prostitutes and other criminal elements are not present in the casino. This is further supplemented by a plainclothes team of officers who also monitor the gaming floor to further ensure we maintain a safe and secure gaming operation.
Internal Control Measures Relating to Chips and Cards
We use special technology to prevent and detect potential fraudulent and counterfeiting activities in our casinos and gaming areas. These methods include the use of electronic equipment, infra-red readers, money note scanners and a closed circuit television surveillance system. All gaming equipment inventory is also under 24-hour closed circuit television surveillance. We have installed scanning technology on our currency sorters in the soft count rooms and main cages that facilitates detection of counterfeit currency notes.
All gaming activities at our table games are conducted exclusively through the use of gaming chips. All players are required to purchase gaming chips prior to gaming and the total amount of chips purchased is monitored and recorded by our internal accounting security and surveillance procedures. All transactions processed at the pits and the cage are conducted in accordance with table games departmental standard operating procedures (SOPs), recorded by the surveillance CCTV with footage retained for at least seven days and subsequently audited by casino accounting.
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We use plastic-compound, high-quality, injection-molded chips. The placement and the type of authentication markings in different series of chips are different. Each series of chips has different denominations and the appearance of each denomination is also different. These chips allow us to both protect gaming integrity and monitor drop and turnover. We have also implemented various measures to prevent the use of counterfeit chips, including:
| scans of the chips and inventory checks prepared by the table games department in accordance with departmental SOPs; and |
| storage of chips not in use in secure locations. |
We employ stringent internal control measures on the creation, issuance and redemption of chips, including the following measures:
| the DICJ governs the issuance of new chips. Before issuing any new chips, we must submit to the DICJ samples of the new chips to be used and other details, including the intended location(s) of the new chips to be used and the number of new chips to be issued in such location(s), for record-keeping purposes; |
| chips that are not yet in circulation are stored in secure locations; and |
| electronic security systems and surveillance cameras have been installed in all sensitive cash and chip handling areas. |
We have established recording and control systems with respect to the chips in inventory and in circulation. We maintain inventory accounts for gaming chips and inform the DICJ of our inventory of chips. We periodically inspect our chips and retire chips which are worn or damaged. We inform the DICJ before destroying issued chips or taking chips permanently out of circulation.
Overall Internal Control Compliance
As of November 23, 2011, any instances of illegal or material fraudulent activity that had been detected had been reported to the authorities (the Macau Judiciary Police and/or the DICJ).
We did not identify any material failure of our anti-cheating and anti-counterfeiting surveillance systems during the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and the six months ended June 30, 2011 or since then. In the event any failure is identified, we will seek to identify where the system failed, promptly rectify such failings and write off any losses resulting from such failings.
As a subconcessionaire and the owner and operator of our casinos, we maintain regular contact with the concessionaires and other subconcessionaires in Macau in order to stay abreast of current issues in the area of casino security and potential fraudulent activity.
Our credit committee is comprised of Mr. Geoffrey Stuart Davis, our CFO, Ms. Stephanie Cheung, our chief legal officer and company secretary, and Mr. Nigel Alan Dean, our chief internal audit officer, each of whose details are set out in Management, amongst eight others who collectively have over 130 years of experience in the gaming industry.
Our internal audit department is headed by Mr. Nigel Alan Dean, our chief internal audit officer. The internal audit department is comprised of twelve people, most of whom are either qualified accountants, or are completing their professional accounting studies.
Internal Controls on Money Laundering
We have complied in all material respects with the relevant laws and regulations as required by the subconcession contract as well as all relevant laws and regulations relating to AML. DICJ have completed several routine audits of our operations and our AML procedures have been found to be compliant with applicable laws and regulations upon each audit occasion. For Macaus regulatory regime on AML measures that are applicable to us, see Regulations AML Regulations in Macau.
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We have developed comprehensive AML policies and related procedures covering our AML responsibilities that are overseen by our director of casino control and compliance. This policy and related procedures are reviewed and updated whenever there are changes in AML laws and regulations. Any regulatory uncertainties are raised and discussed with DICJ or other applicable authorities to achieve a common understanding and interpretation of the applicable regulatory requirements. Our credit committee which is responsible for reviewing both credit and AML related issues meets monthly. The internal audit department also conducts regular audit procedures to determine our compliance with applicable Macau laws and regulations and the adequacy and effectiveness of our established AML internal controls.
We have effective training programs in place to ensure that all relevant employees understand the AML regulations and the relevant AML responsibilities of their position. Any new gaming employees who do or may come into contact with cash or cash equivalent transactions are provided AML training during their orientation, including training to identify high value transactions and suspicious transactions. Refresher AML training is provided annually to all existing gaming employees. In addition, all our employees receive an employee handbook and code of conduct that reference AML compliance requirements.
We use our established AML tracking procedures to track and report high value transactions and suspicious transactions. Our cashiers and gaming staff are trained to identify and follow proper procedures in relation to high value transactions and suspicious transactions. High value and suspicious transaction reports are reviewed along with the details of each case to determine the appropriate course of action, including submission to the Financial Intelligence Bureau, if required. We also receive and monitor significant transaction reports from our gaming promoters with respect to transactions with their customers. In addition, we maintain and have available information on our gaming promoters, including such matters as responsible persons, commission schemes and license numbers. We have passed several routine DICJ audits and have not encountered any problems with other Macau regulators with respect to our AML procedures.
Government Oversight
Our activities and operation are closely monitored by the DICJ. As is customary for all casinos in Macau, the DICJ maintains an office inside our casinos where officials are stationed 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Our management is in continuous close contact with the DICJ regarding compliance with our gaming subconcession and all applicable Macau laws. Inspectors from the DICJ are involved in inspecting and monitoring key processes, such as the issuance of chips, table fills and credits, drop box collections and the counting of cash and chips, on a daily basis. Weekly revenues from slot machines and daily revenues from table games are verified by the DICJ.
Monthly and quarterly financial reports are prepared by our accounting department and reviewed by our management. We are also required to provide periodic reports to the DICJ that include, but are not limited to:
| quarterly trial balances; |
| quarterly cash count reports; |
| quarterly bank account reconciliations; |
| annual reporting of lists of fixed assets; |
| audited annual consolidated and unconsolidated financial statements; and |
| monthly reporting of gaming tax payment schedules. |
The DICJ also performs periodic site audits. Moreover, the Macau Judiciary Police also maintains an office inside our casinos.
Information Technology
We operate an advanced information technology system. Our information technology team is responsible for ensuring all systems and applications are running at their optimal levels. Our information technology team
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works closely with the operation team to understand the operational needs and respond accordingly. Our information technology team consists of departments ranging from Service Management, Project Management, Systems and Infrastructure which includes security and compliance, with a set of tested and integrated solutions for the day-to-day operation of our resorts and gaming areas as well as Program Management. Our information technology infrastructure includes firewalls, virus protection, intrusion protection and monitoring in conjunction with redundant servers for all major applications. In line with our strategic goal of improving the cost-effectiveness of our operations, we continue to develop these systems to provide further operational efficiencies. We continue to upgrade our compliance systems and infrastructure, with a goal of maintaining systems that meet international information technology compliance standards. Our goal is to provide a stable and reliable platform that will allow employees and guests to more readily access our integrated resort offerings and options for gaming and leisure.
Employees
We had 10,572 employees as of June 30, 2011. The following table sets forth the number of employees categorized by the areas of operations and as a percentage of our workforce as of December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and June 30, 2011.
As of December 31, | As of
June 30, 2011 |
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2008 | 2009 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number of Employees |
Percentage of Total |
Number of Employees |
Percentage of Total |
Number of Employees |
Percentage of Total |
Number of Employees |
Percentage of Total |
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Mocha Clubs |
615 | 12.8 | % | 757 | 7.2 | % | 777 | 7.1 | % | 740 | 7.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Altira Macau |
3,540 | 73.9 | % | 2,753 | 26.3 | % | 2,609 | 23.9 | % | 2,282 | 21.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
City of Dreams |
317 | 6.6 | % | 6,569 | 62.7 | % | 6,941 | 63.6 | % | 7,150 | 67.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Corporate and centralized services |
320 | 6.7 | % | 403 | 3.8 | % | 586 | 5.4 | % | 400 | 3.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Total |
4,792 | 100.0 | % | 10,482 | 100.0 | % | 10,913 | 100.0 | % | 10,572 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
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We are not party to any collective bargaining or similar agreement with our employees. We believe that our relationship with our employees is good.
We have implemented a number of human resource initiatives over recent years for the benefit of our employees and their families. These initiatives include a unique in-house learning academy, an on-site high school diploma program, scholarship awards, as well as fast track promotion training initiatives jointly coordinated with the School of Continuing Study of Macau University of Science & Technology and Macao Technology Committee.
Intellectual Property
We have registered the trademarks Altira, Mocha Club and City of Dreams in Macau. We have also registered in Macau certain other trademarks and service marks used in connection with the operations of our hotel casino projects in Macau. We have entered into a license agreement with Crown Melbourne Limited for an exclusive and non-transferable license to use the Crown brand in Macau. Our hotel management agreement with the Grand Hyatt Macau hotel provides us the right to use the Grand Hyatt trademarks on a non-exclusive and non-transferable basis. Our trademark license agreements with Hard Rock Holdings Limited provide us the right to use the Hard Rock brand in Macau, which we use at City of Dreams. Pursuant to these agreements, we have the exclusive right to use the Hard Rock brand for a hotel and casino facility at City of Dreams for a term of ten years based on a fee per gaming table and machine and percentages of revenues generated at the property payable to Hard Rock Holdings Limited. We also purchase gaming tables and gaming machines and enter into licensing agreements for the use of certain trade names and, in the case of the gaming machines, the right to use software in connection therewith. These include a license to use a jackpot system for the gaming machines.
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Suppliers
We depend on our suppliers to provide us with products and services such as The House of Dancing Water production, shuttle bus services, playing cards, marketing and construction. In the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2011, our five largest suppliers accounted for approximately 43.4%, 33.9%, 19.5% and 21.1%, respectively, of our total products and services purchases. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2011, our single largest supplier accounted for approximately 25.6%, 16.0%, 9.8% and 8.0% respectively, of our total products and services purchases. For the six months ended June 30, 2011, our five largest suppliers were Dragone Macau Limitada (approximately 8.0% of total purchases), Chong Ou Direct Bus Services Ltd. (approximately 4.5% of total purchases), Angel Playing Cards Co., Ltd. (approximately 3.9% of total purchases), DFS Cotai Limitada (approximately 2.4% of total purchases) and PHD Limited (approximately 2.3% of total purchases). In general, suppliers grant us credit periods of 15 to 60 days.
None of our directors, their respective associates or any of our shareholders had any interest in any of our top five suppliers during the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and the six months ended June 30, 2011.
Insurance
We currently maintain an insurance program that includes, but is not limited to, property and business interruption, terrorism, public and product liability, crime, employee compensation, motor vehicle, directors and officers insurance, and a number of other coverages to meet identified risks and exposures of our company.
We believe that our insurance coverage is consistent with industry and regional practice and adequate and appropriate for our current operations and we expect to adjust our coverage going forward as identified risks and exposures change. Please see Risk Factors Risks Relating to Our Business and Operations in Macau Our insurance coverage may not be adequate to cover all losses that we may suffer from our operations. In addition, our insurance costs may increase and we may not be able to obtain similar insurance coverage in the future.
Environmental Matters
Our insurance policies cover pollution caused by physical damage to our property, or sudden unintended and unexpected happenings. There were no material environmental incidents during the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and the six months ended June 30, 2011, all required permits and environmental approvals for construction were obtained and there was no administrative penalty imposed upon us as a result of any violation of environmental rules and regulations.
During the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and the six months ended June 30, 2011, we undertook various voluntary environmental initiatives, and the total cost of such measures amounted to approximately MOP12,635,000, of which approximately MOP10.7 million was related to our replacement of down lights to LED in the mass gaming areas, VIP gaming areas and the hotels. We expect that the cost of compliance with the applicable rules and regulations in 2012 and 2013 will amount to approximately MOP3 million, whilst the cost for voluntary environmental measures will amount to approximately MOP7.7 million, which also include an estimate of MOP7 million for further replacement of light fittings with LED.
Legal Proceedings
On March 23, 2010, Melco Crown Gaming initiated executory proceedings against Ama International Limited, or Ama, and Ms. Mei Huan Chen, an individual guarantor of Ama, or the Individual Guarantor, for recovery of certain amounts outstanding and owed by Ama, a former gaming promoter for Altira Macau. Considering the existence of a reasonable risk that the Individual Guarantor would likely dissipate her assets prior to a judicial attachment being obtained, Melco Crown Gaming also filed on March 25, 2010 an injunction pursuant to which it obtained the seizure of a number of assets of the Individual Guarantor, which were
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subsequently attached Other court proceedings were initiated by Ama and the Individual Guarantor during the course of the above mentioned executory proceedings, including oppositions to the executory proceedings and the attachment. Certain other procedures such as appeals in respect of particular procedural issues arising from court decisions and interim court orders, were initiated by Melco Crown Gaming and the Individual Guarantor.
On January 25, 2011, Melco Crown Gaming was served with a civil action complaint filed by Ama, claiming contractual breach of the gaming promotion agreement terminated by Melco Crown Gaming in June 2010 and unfair competition at Altira Macau and seeking MOP622.8 million (US$77.7 million) for damages incurred and loss of profit.
With respect to these disputes with Ama and the Individual Guarantor, on July 29, 2011, Melco Crown Gaming, Ama and the Individual Guarantor entered into settlement agreements. Pursuant to the settlement agreements, Ama and the Individual Guarantor agreed to pay in installments the outstanding amount of approximately HK$249.2 million (US$32.0 million). Each of the first four installments of HK$6.0 million (US$771,000) was paid on August 5, 2011, August 30, 2011, September 30, 2011 and October 30, 2011, respectively. Further 18 installments of HK$10.0 million (US$1.3 million) each are to be paid on a monthly basis from November 30, 2011 with the last installment of HK$1.1 million (US$141,000) to be paid on May 30, 2013. An additional installment of HK$44.1 million (US$5.7 million) is to be paid on or before January 15, 2012. The Individual Guarantor mortgaged and pledged certain assets to secure payment of the outstanding amount. As part of the settlement agreements, on September 1, 2011, Ama submitted a request to terminate the civil action filed against Melco Crown Gaming, and Ama and the Individual Guarantor filed all relevant requests to terminate all incidental procedures against Melco Crown Gaming. These requests have been sanctioned by the court. Melco Crown Gaming agreed to suspend executory proceedings against Ama and the Individual Guarantor, provided they are in compliance with the terms of the settlement agreements. A payment by installments agreement with certain of the above mentioned payment terms and a suspension request of the executory proceedings was submitted to the court by Melco Crown Gaming on September 22, 2011. Following the request of Melco Crown Gaming, on September 28, 2011, the court ordered that the amounts deposited with the court be used to pay court fees and to pay the amounts due to Melco Crown Gaming under the settlement agreements. Melco Crown Gaming also filed, on September 22, 2011, termination requests with respect to the incidental procedural court proceedings initiated by Melco Crown Gaming against Ama and the Individual Guarantor, which have been sanctioned by the court.
Pursuant to the settlement agreements, the court fees due in respect of the relevant court proceedings will be borne in equal parts by Ama and the Individual Guarantor, on the one hand, and Melco Crown Gaming, on the other hand, and such fees must be paid within the time period prescribed by law. Court fees are to be paid once the parties are notified by the court. Each party will bear its respective attorneys fees. We currently do not have any relationship with Ama other than the settlement agreements.
We are a party to certain other legal proceedings which relate to matters arising out of the ordinary course of our business. We believe that we are not involved in any legal, arbitral or administrative proceedings, and we are not aware of any legal, arbitral or administrative proceedings pending or threatened by or against us, which if decided against us, would individually or in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Crown Melbourne Limited, the owner of a number of Crown trademarks licensed to us, is from time to time involved in legal proceedings regarding Crown trademarks used in Macau. We understand that Crown Melbourne Limited will continue to take vigorous measures to protect its trademarks. We believe we have a valid right under our trademark license agreement with Crown Melbourne Limited to use the Crown trademarks in Macau in our hotel casino business.
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Directors and Executive Officers
The following table sets forth our directors and executive officers, their ages and the positions held by them. The business address for each of our directors and executive officers is c/o Melco Crown Entertainment Limited, 36th Floor, The Centrium, 60 Wyndham Street, Central, Hong Kong.
Name |
Age | Position |
Date of Appointment | |||||
Lawrence Yau Lung Ho |
34 | Co-chairman, chief executive officer and executive director | December 20, 2004 | |||||
James Douglas Packer |
44 | Co-chairman and non-executive director | March 8, 2005 | |||||
John Peter Ben Wang |
51 | Non-executive director | November 21, 2006 | |||||
Yuk Man Chung |
48 | Non-executive director | November 21, 2006 | |||||
William Todd Nisbet |
44 | Non-executive director | October 14, 2009 | |||||
Rowen Bruce Craigie |
56 | Non-executive director | March 8, 2005 | |||||
James Andrew Charles MacKenzie |
58 | Independent non-executive director | April 24, 2008 | |||||
Thomas Jefferson Wu |
39 | Independent non-executive director | December 18, 2006 | |||||
Yiu Wa Alec Tsui |
62 | Independent non-executive director | December 18, 2006 | |||||
Robert Wason Mactier |
47 | Independent non-executive director | December 18, 2006 | |||||
Geoffrey Stuart Davis |
43 | Chief Financial Officer | April 1, 2011 | |||||
Stephanie Cheung |
49 | Executive Vice President and Chief Legal Officer | December 2008 | |||||
Nigel Alan Dean |
58 | Executive Vice President and Chief Internal Audit Officer | December 2008 | |||||
Akiko Takahashi |
58 | Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources/Corporate Social Responsibility Officer | December 2008 | |||||
Ying Tat Chan |
39 | Co-Chief Operating Officer, Gaming | September 1, 2010 | |||||
Nicholas C Naples |
53 | Co-Chief Operating Officer, Operations | July 28, 2010 | |||||
Ching Hui Hsu |
38 | President of Mocha Clubs | December 2008 |
Mr. Lawrence Yau Lung Ho was appointed as our executive director on December 20, 2004 and has served as a co-chairman of our board of directors and chief executive officer since December 2004. Since November 2001, Mr. Lawrence Ho has also served as the managing director and, since March 2006, the chairman and chief executive officer of Melco. Mr. Lawrence Ho serves on numerous boards and committees of privately held companies in Hong Kong, Macau and mainland China. In recognition of Mr. Lawrence Hos excellent directorship and entrepreneurial spirit, the Institutional Investor, a leading research and publishing organization, honored him as the Best CEO in the Conglomerates category in 2005. As a socially responsible young entrepreneur in Hong Kong, Mr. Lawrence Ho was elected as one of the Ten Outstanding Young Persons Selection 2006, organized by the Junior Chamber International Hong Kong. In 2009, Mr. Lawrence Ho was selected by FinanceAsia as one of the Best CEOs in Hong Kong, China Top Ten Financial and Intelligent Persons judged by a panel led by the Beijing Cultural Development Study Centre, and was named Young Entrepreneur of the Year at Hong Kongs first Asia Pacific Entrepreneurship Awards in 2009. Mr. Lawrence Ho worked at Jardine Fleming Group Limited from September 1999 to October 2000 and iAsia Technology Limited (the predecessor of Value Convergence Holdings Limited) from October 2000 to November 2001. Mr. Lawrence Ho graduated with a bachelor of arts degree in commerce from the University of Toronto, Canada in June 1999 and was awarded the Honorary Doctor of Business Administration degree by Edinburgh Napier University, Scotland in July 2009 for his contribution to business, education and the community in Hong Kong, Macau and China.
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Mr. James Douglas Packer was appointed as our non-executive director on March 8, 2005 and has served as a co-chairman of our board since March 2005. Mr. Packer is the executive chairman of Crown, an operator of casinos and integrated resorts, having been appointed on its formation in 2007, and a member of the Crown Investment Committee since February 2008. Mr. Packer is also the chairman of Consolidated Press Holdings Limited (the largest shareholder of Crown), having been appointed in January 2006, and the deputy chairman of Consolidated Media Holdings Limited, having been appointed in December 2007. Mr. Packer is a director of Crown Melbourne Limited, a casino and integrated resort operator, having been appointed in July 1999, Ellerston Capital Limited, having been appointed in August 2004, and Burswood Limited, a casino and integrated resort operator, having been appointed in September 2004. His previous directorships include Challenger Financial Services Group Limited from November 2003 to September 2009, SEEK Limited from October 2003 to August 2009, Sunland Group Limited from July 2006 to August 2009, and Ten Network Holdings Limited from December 2010 to March 2011.
Mr. John Peter Ben Wang was appointed as our non-executive director on November 21, 2006. Mr. Wang has served as a non-executive director of Oriental Ginza Holdings Limited since August 2009 and MelcoLot Limited since November 2009, both of which are companies listed on the HKSE . The principal activities of MelcoLot Limited include the management of lottery business, manufacturing and sales of lottery terminals and POS machines, and provision of management services for distribution of lottery products. Mr. Wang is also a non-executive director of China Precious Metal Resources Holdings Co., Ltd, a company listed on the HKSE and is the chairman and executive director of Summit Ascent Holdings Limited, also listed on the HKSE . Mr. Wang was the chief financial officer of Melco (one of our controlling shareholders) from 2004 to September 2009. Prior to joining Melco in 2004, Mr. Wang had over 18 years of professional experience in the securities and investment banking industry. He was the managing director of JS Cresvale Securities International Limited (HK) from 1998 to 2004 and prior to 1998, he worked for Deutsche Morgan Grenfell (HK), CLSA (HK), Barclays (Singapore), SG Warburg (London), Salomon Brothers (London), the London Stock Exchange and Deloitte Haskins & Sells (London). Mr. Wang qualified as a chartered accountant with the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales in 1985. He graduated from the University of Kent at Canterbury in the United Kingdom with a bachelor degree in accounting in July 1982.
Mr. Yuk Man Chung was appointed as our non-executive director on November 21, 2006. Mr. Chung has also been an executive director of Melco since May 2006. Mr. Chung joined Melco in December 2003 and assumed the role of chief financial officer. Prior to the disposal of Melcos technology business during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2010, one of the principal activities of Melco included the design, development and supply of gaming technology, such as surveillance equipment and other gaming products used in casino and development. Before joining Melco, he was the chief financial officer at Megavillage Group from September 2000 to November 2003, a vice-president at Lazard Asia Investment Management (H.K.) Ltd from June 1998 to September 2000, a vice-president at Pacific Century Asia (HK) Limited from July 1994 to February 1998, and a qualified accountant with Arthur Andersen from July 1987 to June 1992. Mr. Chung has been the chairman and chief executive officer of Entertainment Gaming Asia Inc. (formerly known as Elixir Gaming Technologies, Inc.), a company listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE-Amex), and the principal activities of which include the provision of electronic gaming machines to gaming operators, since August 2008 and October 2008, respectively. Mr. Chung obtained a masters degree in business administration under a long distance learning course from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University and The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in 2008 and has been a member of the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants (formerly known as the Hong Kong Society of Accountants) and the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales since 1997 and 2008, respectively.
Mr. William Todd Nisbet was appointed as our non-executive director on October 14, 2009. Mr. Nisbet joined Crown, an operator of casinos and integrated resorts, in 2007. In his role as executive vice president strategy and development at Crown, Mr. Nisbet is responsible for all project development and construction operations of Crown. From August 2000 through July 2007, Mr. Nisbet held the position of executive vice president project director for Wynn Design and Development, a development subsidiary of Wynn Resorts
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Limited, or Wynn, an operator of casinos and integrated resorts. Serving this role with Wynn, Mr. Nisbet was responsible for all project development and construction operations undertaken by Wynn. Prior to joining Wynn, Mr. Nisbet was the vice president of operations for Marnell Corrao Associates. During Mr. Nisbets 14 years at Marnell Corrao from 1986 to 2000, he was responsible for managing various aspects of the construction of some of Las Vegas most elaborate and industry-defining properties. Mr. Nisbet obtained a bachelor of science degree in Finance from the University of Nevada, Las Vegas in 1993.
Mr. Rowen Bruce Craigie was appointed as our non-executive director on March 8, 2005. Mr. Craigie is the chief executive officer and director of Crown, an operator of casinos and integrated resorts, having been appointed on its formation in 2007. Mr. Craigie is also a director of Crown Melbourne Limited, a casino and integrated resort operator, having been appointed in January 2001, and Burswood Limited, a casino and integrated resort operator, having been appointed in September 2004. Mr. Craigie previously served as the chief executive officer of PBL Gaming from 2007 to 2008 and as the chief executive officer of Crown Melbourne Limited from 2002 to 2007. Mr. Craigie was a director of Consolidated Media Holdings Limited from January 2002 to April 2009. Mr. Craigie joined Crown Melbourne Limited in 1993, was appointed as the executive general manager of its Gaming Machines department in 1996, and was promoted to chief operating officer in 2000. Prior to joining Crown Melbourne Limited, Mr. Craigie was the group general manager for gaming at the TAB in Victoria from 1990 to 1993, and held senior economic policy positions in Treasury and the Department of Industry in Victoria from 1984 to 1990. He obtained a bachelor of economics (honors) degree from Monash University, Melbourne, Australia in 1976.
Mr. James Andrew Charles MacKenzie was appointed as an independent non-executive director on April 24, 2008. Mr. MacKenzie has also served as chairman of Mirvac Group since 2005, Pacific Brands Ltd. since 2008, and Gloucester Coal Limited since 2009. He led the transformation of the Victorian Governments Personal Injury Schemes from 2000 to 2007 and prior to 2005 he held senior executive positions with ANZ Banking Group, Standard Chartered Bank and Norwich Union plc. A chartered accountant by profession since 1977, Mr. MacKenzie was, prior to 2005, a partner in both the Melbourne and Hong Kong offices of an international accounting firm now part of Deloitte. In 2001, Mr. MacKenzie was awarded the Australian Centenary Medal for services to public administration. He obtained a bachelor of business (accounting and quantitative methods) degree from the Swinburne University of Technology in 1974. Mr. MacKenzie has been a Fellow of both the Institute of Chartered Accountants in Australia and the Australian Institute of Company Directors since 1974 and 1994, respectively. He is the chairman of our audit committee.
Mr. Thomas Jefferson Wu was appointed as an independent non-executive director on December 18, 2006. Mr. Wu has been the managing director of Hopewell Holdings Limited, a business conglomerate listed on the HKSE , since October 2009. He has served in various roles with the Hopewell Holdings group since 1999, including group controller from March 2000 to June 2001, executive director since June 2001, chief operating officer from January 2002 to August 2002, deputy managing director from August 2003 to June 2007 and co-managing director from July 2007 to September 2009. He has served as the managing director of Hopewell Highway Infrastructure Limited since July 2003. He has been a member of the Advisory Committee of the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong since June 2007, a member of the 11th National Committee of the All-China Youth Federation since August 2010, a member of the Hong Kong-Japan Business Co-operation Committee of the Hong Kong Trade Development Council since January 2010, a member of the Hong Kong SAR Government Steering Committee on the Promotion of Electric Vehicles since April 2009, a council member of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University since April 2009, a member of the Court of The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology since July 2009, and a member of the board of directors of The Community Chest of Hong Kong since June 2008 and The Hong Kong Sports Institute Limited since April 2009. He has also acted as the honorary consultant of the Institute of Accountants Exchange since May 2006, the honorary president of the Association of Property Agents and Realty Developers of Macau since June 2005, the vice chairman of the Chinese Ice Hockey Association since July 2008 and was the vice chairman of The Chamber of Hong Kong Listed Companies from October 2003 to August 2010. Mr. Wu obtained a masters degree in business administration from Stanford University in 1999 and a bachelors degree in mechanical and
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aerospace engineering from Princeton University in 1994. He is the chairman of our compensation committee, a member of our audit committee and a member of our nominating and corporate governance committee.
Mr. Yiu Wa Alec Tsui was appointed as an independent non-executive director on December 18, 2006. Mr. Tsui has extensive experience in finance and administration, corporate and strategic planning, information technology and human resources management, having served at various international companies. He held key positions at the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong from 1989 to 1993, joined the HKSE in 1994 as an executive director of the finance and operations services division and was its chief executive from 1997 to July 2000. He was also the chief operating officer of Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited from March to August 2000. He was the chairman of the Hong Kong Securities Institute from 2001 to 2004. He was a consultant of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange from July 2001 to July 2002. Mr. Tsui was an independent non-executive director of each of National Arts Holdings Limited (formerly known as Vertex Group Limited) from March 2002 to April 2009, Synergis Holdings Limited from January 2005 to September 2008, Greentown China Holdings Limited from June 2006 to June 2010 and China Huiyuan Juice Group Limited from September 2006 to July 2010, all of which are companies listed on the HKSE . Mr. Tsui has been the chairman of WAG Worldsec Corporate Finance Limited since 2002 and an independent non-executive director of a number of companies listed on the HKSE , Nasdaq and the Shanghai Stock Exchange, including Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (Asia) Limited since August 2000, China Chengtong Development Group Limited since 2003, COSCO International Holdings Limited since 2004, China Power International Development Limited since 2004, ChinaBlue Chemical Limited since 2006, Pacific Online Ltd. since 2007, ATA Inc. since 2008, China Oilfield Services Limited since 2009, and Summit Ascent Holdings Limited since March 2011. Mr. Tsui graduated from the University of Tennessee with a bachelors degree in industrial engineering in 1975 and a master of engineering degree in 1976. He completed a program for senior managers in government at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University in 1993. He is the chairman of our nominating and corporate governance committee, a member of our audit committee and a member of our compensation committee.
Mr. Robert Wason Mactier was appointed as an independent non-executive director on December 18, 2006. Mr. Mactier joined the board of directors of STW Communications Group Limited, a publicly listed Australian communications and advertising company, in December 2006 and became its independent non-executive chairman in July 2008. He has also been a non-executive director of Aurora Community Television Limited since 2005. Since 1990, Mr. Mactier has held a variety of executive roles across the Australian investment banking and securities markets. He has been a consultant to UBS AG in Australia since June 2007. From March 1997 to January 2006, Mr. Mactier worked with Citigroup Pty Limited and its predecessor firms in Australia, and prior to this he worked with E.L. & C. Baillieu Limited from November 1994 to February 1997 and Ord Minnett Securities Limited from May 1990 to October 1994. During this time, he has gained broad advisory and capital markets transaction experience and specific industry expertise within the telecommunications, media, gaming, entertainment and technology sectors and across the private equity sectors. Prior to joining the investment banking industry, Mr. Mactier qualified as a chartered accountant in 1987, working with KPMG from January 1986 to April 1990 across their audit, management consulting and corporate finance practices. He obtained a bachelors degree in economics from the University of Sydney, Australia in 1986 and has been a Member of the Australian Institute of Company Directors since 2007. Mr. Mactier is a member of our compensation committee and nominating and corporate governance committee.
Mr. Geoffrey Stuart Davis is our chief financial officer and he was appointed to his current role in April 2011. Prior to that, he served as our deputy chief financial officer from August 2010 to March 2011 and our senior vice president, corporate finance from 2007, when he joined our company. Prior to joining us, Mr. Davis was a research analyst for Citigroup Investment Research, where he covered the U.S. gaming industry from 2001 to 2007. From 1996 to 2000, he was the vice president of corporate communications for Park Place Entertainment, the largest gaming company in the world at the time. Park Place was spun off from Hilton Hotels Corporation and subsequently renamed Caesars Entertainment. Mr. Davis has been a CFA charterholder since 2000 and obtained a bachelor of arts from Brown University in 1991.
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Ms. Stephanie Cheung is our executive vice president and chief legal officer and she was appointed to her current role in December 2008. Prior to that, she held the title general counsel from November 2006, when she joined our company. She also acts as the secretary to our board since she joined our company. Prior to joining us, Ms. Cheung was an of counsel at Troutman Sanders from 2004 to 2006 and prior to that she practiced law with various international law firms in Hong Kong, Singapore and Toronto. Ms. Cheung graduated with a bachelor of laws degree from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1986, and a masters degree in business administration from York University in 1994. Ms. Cheung is admitted as a solicitor in both Ontario, Canada and Hong Kong.
Mr. Nigel Alan Dean is our executive vice president and chief internal audit officer and he was appointed to his current role in December 2008. Prior to that, he held the title director of internal audit from December 2006, when he joined our company. Prior to joining us, Mr. Dean was general manager-compliance F&A at Coles Myer Ltd from 2003 to 2006, where he was responsible for the implementation of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and other corporate governance compliance programs. Other positions held at Coles Myer included the chief internal auditor from 1995 to 2003 and general manager-internal audit of the Supermarkets Division from 1990 to 1993. Previous experience in external and internal audit included positions with Peat Marwick Mitchell & Co (now KPMG) from 1973 to 1975, Australian Federal Government Auditor-Generals Office from 1975 to 1976, Ford Asia-Pacific from 1976 to 1982, CRA (now RioTinto) from 1982 to 1986, and Elders IXL Group from 1986 to 1990. Mr. Dean has been a Fellow of CPA Australia (formerly known as the Australian Society of Accountants) since 1984 and a Certified Internal Auditor since 2005. He obtained a bachelor of laws degree under a long distance learning course from Deakin University in 2005, a diploma of business studies (accounting) from Swinburne University of Technology (formerly known as Swinburne College of Technology) in 1973 and a masters degree in business administration from Monash University in 1993.
Ms. Akiko Takahashi is our executive vice president and chief human resources/corporate social responsibility officer and she was appointed to her current role in December 2008. Prior to that, she held the title group human resources director from December 2006, when she joined our company. Prior to joining us, Ms. Takahashi worked as a human resources consultant in her own consultancy company from 2003 to 2006, where her last assignment was to lead the human resources integration for the largest international hotel joint venture in Japan. She was the global group director of human resources for Shangri-la Hotels and Resorts, an international luxury hotel group headquartered in Hong Kong, from 1995 to 2003. Between 1993 and 1995, she was the senior vice president of human resources and SVC Quality for Bank of America, Hawaii, FSB. She began her career in the fashion luxury retail industry in merchandising, operations, training and human resources.
Mr. Ying Tat Chan is our co-chief operating officer, gaming, overseeing gaming activities across the entire organization, and he was appointed to his current role in September 2010. Prior to that, he served as president of Altira Macau from November 2008. Prior to his appointment as president of Altira Macau, Mr. Chan was the chief executive officer of Amax Entertainment Holdings Limited from December 2007 until November 2008. Before joining Amax, Mr. Chan worked with our chief executive officer on special projects from September 2007 to November 2007 and was the general manager of Mocha Clubs from 2004 to 2007. From June 2002 to October 2006, Mr. Chan was the assistant to the Group Managing Director at Melco, and he was involved in the overall strategic development and management of our company. Mr. Chan served in various roles at First Shanghai Financial Holding Limited from 1998 to May 2002, with his last position as assistant to the managing director. He graduated with a bachelors degree in business administration from the Chinese University of Hong Kong in 1995 and with a masters degree in financial management under a long distance learning course from the University of London, the United Kingdom in 1998.
Mr. Nicholas C Naples is our co-chief operating officer, operations, responsible for the operating activities of all our leisure and hospitality businesses, including our marketing and brand strategies, across the entire organization, and he was appointed to his current role in July 2010. With 25 years of experience in the hospitality industry, Mr. Naples has held executive leadership positions with several luxury hotel and casino companies, including Harrahs Entertainment from 1998 to 2004, Four Seasons from 1992 to 1998, and Ritz-Carlton from 1987 to 1992. Mr. Naples also has extensive experience in Asia. Prior to joining us, Mr. Naples was the senior
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vice president, development, and assistant to the chairman and chief executive officer of New Cotai Holdings since September 18, 2006, with his main focus being the development of the Studio City Project. Mr. Naples was the consulting executive vice president at Sands China from 2009 to 2010, and was previously the chief operating officer at Studio City from 2007 to 2009. Mr. Naples obtained degrees in economics, business administration from the University at Albany, the State University of New York in December 1980 and a masters of management from Cornell University Graduate School of Hotel Administration in 1984.
Ms. Ching Hui Hsu is our president of Mocha Clubs, and she was appointed to her current role in December 2008. Ms. Hsu has worked for Mocha Clubs since September 2003. She was Mocha Clubs former financial controller from September 2003 to September 2006 and its chief administrative officer from October 2006 to November 2008, overseeing finance, treasury, audit, legal compliance, procurement and administration and human resources functions. Ms. Hsu obtained her bachelor of arts degree in business administration with major in accounting in 1997 from Seattle University and a masters degree in business administration (with concentration on financial services) from The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in 2002. Ms. Hsu was qualified as a Certified Public Accountant in the state of Washington, United States in 1998; a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants in 1999; and an associate member of the Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants (formerly known as the Hong Kong Society of Accountants) in 2001.
Employment Agreements
We have entered into an employment agreement with each of our senior management. The terms of the employment agreements are substantially similar for each senior management, except as noted below. We may terminate a senior managements employment for cause, at any time, without notice or remuneration, for certain acts of the officer, including, but not limited to, a serious criminal act, wilful misconduct to our detriment or a failure to perform agreed duties. Furthermore, either we or a senior management may terminate employment at any time without cause upon advance written notice to the other party. Except in the case of Mr. Lawrence Ho, upon notice to terminate employment from either the senior management or our company, our company may limit the senior managements services for a period until the termination of employment. Each senior management is entitled to unpaid compensation upon termination due to disability or death. We will indemnify a senior management for his or her losses based on or related to his or her acts and decisions made in the course of his or her performance of duties within the scope of his or her employment.
Each of the independent non-executive directors entered into a service contract with our company on December 18, 2006, except for Mr. James Andrew Charles MacKenzie, who entered into a service contract with our company on April 24, 2008. These service contracts will continue from the date of the contracts until the date on which the relevant independent non-executive director ceases to be a member of our board for any reason. Under the service contracts, each independent non-executive director will receive a fixed quarterly income.
Each of our senior management has agreed to hold, both during and after the termination of his or her employment agreement, in strict confidence and not to use, except as required in the performance of his or her duties in connection with the employment or as compelled by law, any of our or our customers confidential information or trade secrets. Each senior management also agrees to comply with all material applicable laws and regulations related to his or her responsibilities at our company as well as all material written corporate and business policies and procedures of our company.
Each of our senior management is prohibited from gambling at any of our companys facilities during the term of his or her employment and six months following the termination of such employment agreement.
Each of our senior management has agreed to be bound by non-competition and non-solicitation restrictions during the term of his or her employment and six months following the termination of such employment agreement. Specifically, each senior management has agreed not to (i) assume employment with or provide
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services as a director for any of our competitors who operate in a restricted area; (ii) solicit or seek any business orders from our customers; or (iii) seek directly or indirectly, to solicit the services of any of our employees. The restricted area is defined as Asia or Australasia or any other country or region in which our company operates.
Board of Directors
Our board consists of ten directors, including three directors nominated by each of Melco and Crown and four independent directors. Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 5605(b)(1) generally requires that a majority of an issuers board of directors must consist of independent directors, but provides for certain phase-in periods under Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 5615(c)(3). However, Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 5615(a)(3) permits foreign private issuers like us to follow home country practice in certain corporate governance matters. Walkers, our Cayman Islands counsel, has provided a letter to the Nasdaq certifying that under Cayman Islands law, we are not required to have a majority of independent directors serving on our board. We rely on this home country practice exception and do not have a majority of independent directors serving on our board.
Duties of Directors
Under Cayman Islands law, our directors have a fiduciary duty to act honestly, in good faith and with a view to our best interests. Our directors also have a duty to exercise the skill they actually possess and such care and diligence that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. In fulfilling their duty of care to us, our directors must ensure compliance with our memorandum and articles of association, as amended and restated from time to time. Our company or an individual shareholder have (as applicable) the right to seek damages if a duty owed by our directors is breached.
The functions and powers of our board include, among others:
| convening shareholders annual general meetings and reporting its work to shareholders at such meetings; |
| declaring dividends and distributions; |
| appointing officers and determining the term of office of officers; |
| exercising the borrowing powers of our company and mortgaging the property of our company; and |
| approving the transfer of shares of our company, including the registering of such shares in our share register. |
In September 2011, our board adopted Hong Kong corporate governance guidelines, to take effect upon the listing of our company in Hong Kong to satisfy the requirements of the HKSE, with the intention of strengthening our corporate governance practice.
Committees of our Board of Directors
Our board established an audit committee, a compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee in December 2006.
Audit Committee
Our audit committee consists of Messrs. Thomas Jefferson Wu, Alec Tsui and James MacKenzie, and is chaired by Mr. MacKenzie. All of them satisfy the independence requirements of Rule 5605 of the Nasdaq Stock Market Rules. We believe that Mr. MacKenzie qualifies as an audit committee financial expert. The charter of our audit committee was adopted by our board on November 28, 2006. It was amended and restated on
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several occasions, with the last amendment on November 25, 2009 to provide our audit committee members with clearer guidance to enable them to carry out their functions with regards to oversight of the independent auditors and internal audit. The purpose of the committee is to assist our board in overseeing and monitoring:
| the integrity of the financial statements of our company; |
| the qualifications and independence of our independent auditors; |
| the performance of our independent auditors; |
| the integrity of our systems of internal accounting and financial controls; |
| legal and regulatory issues relating to the financial statements of our company, including the oversight of the independent auditor, the review of the financial statements and related material, the internal audit process and the procedure for receiving complaints regarding accounting, internal accounting controls, auditing or other related matters; |
| the disclosure, in accordance with our relevant policies, of any material information regarding the quality or integrity of our financial statements, which is brought to its attention by our disclosure committee, which comprises certain members of our senior management; and |
| the integrity and effectiveness of our internal audit function and risk management policies, procedures and practices. |
The duties of our audit committee include:
| considering a tendering process for the appointment of the independent auditor every five years, selecting our independent auditors and pre-approving all auditing and non-auditing services permitted to be performed by our independent auditors; |
| at least annually, obtaining a written report from our independent auditor describing matters relating to its independence, undertaking a performance evaluation of the independent auditor on an annual basis and reporting the results of such evaluation to the Chief Executive Officer; |
| discussing with our independent auditor, among other things, issues regarding accounting and auditing principles and practices and the managements internal control report; |
| approving related-party transactions, amounting to more than US$256,000 per transaction or series of transactions, or of an unusual or non standard nature which are brought to its attention; |
| establishing and overseeing procedures for the handling of complaints and whistle blowing; |
| deciding whether any material information regarding the quality or integrity of our companys financial statements, which is brought to its attention by our disclosure committee, should be disclosed; |
| approving the internal audit charter and annual audit plans; |
| assessing and approving any policies and procedures to identify, accept, mitigate, allocate or otherwise manage various types of risks presented by management, and making recommendations with respect to our risk management process; |
| together with our board, evaluating the performance of our audit committee; |
| assessing the adequacy of its charter; and |
| cooperating with our other board committees in any areas of overlapping responsibilities. |
Compensation Committee
Our compensation committee consists of Messrs. Thomas Jefferson Wu, Alec Tsui and Robert Mactier, and is chaired by Mr. Wu. All of them satisfy the independence requirements of Rule 5605 of the Nasdaq Stock
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Market Rules. The charter of our compensation committee was adopted by our board on November 28, 2006. It was amended and restated on several occasions with the latest amendment on November 24, 2010 to update the titles of the executive officers.
The purpose of our compensation committee is to discharge the responsibilities of our board relating to compensation of our executives, including by designing (in consultation with management and our board), recommending to our board for approval, and evaluating the executive and director compensation plans, policies and programs of our company.
Members of our compensation committee are not prohibited from direct involvement in determining their own compensation. Our chief executive officer may not be present at any compensation committee meeting during which his compensation is deliberated.
The duties of our compensation committee include:
| making recommendation to our board with respect to the compensation packages of our directors and approving the compensation package of our senior executive officers, including the chief executive officer; |
| overseeing our regulatory compliance with respect to compensation matters; |
| together with our board, evaluating the performance of our compensation committee; |
| assessing the adequacy of its charter; and |
| cooperating with our other board committees in any areas of overlapping responsibilities. |
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
Our nominating and corporate governance committee consists of Messrs. Thomas Jefferson Wu, Alec Tsui and Robert Mactier, and is chaired by Mr. Tsui. All of them satisfy the independence requirements of Rule 5605 of the Nasdaq Stock Market Rules. The charter of our nominating and corporate governance committee was adopted by our board on November 28, 2006. It was amended and restated on several occasions, with the latest on December 16, 2008 to clarify the purpose, duties and powers of our nominating and corporate governance committee and to provide the nominating and corporate governance committee members with clearer guidance to enable them to carry out their functions.
The purpose of our nominating and corporate governance committee is to assist our board in discharging its responsibilities regarding:
| the identification of qualified candidates to become members and chairs of our board committees and to fill any such vacancies; |
| oversight of our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, in particular the legal and regulatory requirements of Macau (including the relevant laws related to the gaming industry), the Cayman Islands, the SEC, the Nasdaq and, following the listing of our ordinary shares on the HKSE; |
| the development and recommendation to our board of a set of corporate governance principles applicable to our company; and |
| the disclosure, in accordance with our relevant policies, of any material information (other than that regarding the quality or integrity of our financial statements), which is brought to its attention by our disclosure committee. |
The duties of our nominating and corporate governance committee include:
| identifying and recommending to our board nominees for election or re-election to our board committees, or for appointment to fill any such vacancy; |
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| developing a set of corporate governance principles and reviewing such principles at least annually; |
| deciding whether any material information (other than that regarding the quality or integrity of our financial statements), which is brought to its attention by our disclosure committee, should be disclosed; |
| together with our board, evaluating the performance of our nominating and corporate governance committee; |
| assessing the adequacy of its charter; and |
| cooperating with our other board committees in any areas of overlapping responsibilities. |
Remuneration and Borrowing
The directors may determine remuneration to be paid to the directors. Our compensation committee assists the directors in reviewing and approving the compensation structure for the directors. The directors may exercise all the powers of our company to borrow money and to mortgage or charge its undertaking, property and uncalled capital, and to issue debentures or other securities whether outright or as security for any debt obligations of our company or of any third party.
Qualification
There is no shareholding qualification for directors.
Benefits Upon Termination
Our directors are not currently entitled to benefits when they cease to be directors.
Terms of Directors and Executive Officers
Our officers are elected by and serve at the discretion of our board. Our directors are not subject to a term of office and hold office until such time as they are removed from office by notice in writing served upon them signed by not less than a majority of the directors, or by an ordinary resolution of all shareholders. A director will be removed from office automatically if, among other things, the director (i) becomes bankrupt or has a receiving order made against him or suspends payment or compounds with his creditors; or (ii) dies or an order is made by any court or official on the ground that he is of unsound mind and a majority of the directors resolve that his office be removed.
Non-competition and Conflict Management
Pursuant to the shareholders deed entered into by Melco and Crown, which became effective in December 2007, Melco and Crown must not (and must ensure that their respective affiliates and major shareholders do not), other than through us, directly or indirectly own, operate or manage a casino, a gaming slots business or a casino hotel in Macau (the Exclusive Business), or acquire or hold an interest in an entity that owns, operates or manages such businesses in Macau, except that Melco and Crown may acquire and hold up to 5% of the voting securities in a public company engaged in such businesses. However, Melco and Crown may jointly engage in the Exclusive Business with our prior written consent. Equally, Melco may engage in the Exclusive Business with our prior written consent and the prior written consent of Crown, and Crown may engage in the Exclusive Business with our prior written consent and the prior written consent of Melco. Since our listing on Nasdaq in 2006, we have not been approached by either of our controlling shareholders, seeking our written consent to approve an opportunity in the Exclusive Business. In the event we are approached for such consent, such decision shall be referred solely to our independent non-executive directors and our controlling shareholders shall provide all information necessary for their consideration. However, for the avoidance of doubt, the controlling
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shareholders confirmed that any business opportunity relating to the Exclusive Business that either of them come across shall be referred directly to our company.
In the event that either of the controlling shareholders breaches the non-competition provisions in the shareholders deed, the parties (including us) are entitled to seek injunctive relief against the party in breach, upon the lapse of a six-month cure period. Failure to cure such breach may trigger an event of default, under which notice may be served, and the controlling shareholders may determine that one of them sell its holding in our company to the other pursuant to a put or call option. The non-defaulting shareholder may equally pursue a claim for equitable or legal remedies.
As at November 23, 2011, our controlling shareholders and their respective affiliates and major shareholders did not have any business or operations competing with our company in Macau.
Our company is satisfied, based on the above restrictions on the Exclusive Business, that there is no direct competition between our company and each of Melco and Crown. See Corporate History and Structure Relationship with Controlling Shareholders for details of Melcos and Crowns business interests, including Crowns interest in the gaming industry outside of Macau. Based on the above, our directors consider that any competition faced by us from our controlling shareholders is not material.
The increasing popularity of integrated gaming resorts in Asia provides new business opportunities and increasing regional competition. Should Melco or Crown decide to focus more attention on casino gaming projects in other areas of Asia, this may mean that we face indirect competition from our controlling shareholders. We are nevertheless of the view that the gaming market in Macau continues to go from strength to strength, as does its opportunities for growth. Macau recorded the seven consecutive highest monthly gross gaming revenues in history during February to August 2011 and has been the worlds largest gaming destination in terms of gross gaming revenues since 2006. As the only location in Greater China to offer legalized casino gaming, it remains the fastest growing gaming market in terms of gross gaming revenues.
We have had a set of corporate governance policies in place since the listing of our ADSs on the Nasdaq in 2006, and have been complying with such policies since then. We have not encountered any conflict of interest with our controlling shareholders since the adoption of the corporate governance policies. Notwithstanding the above, our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, to be effective upon our listing on the HKSE, contain provisions which deal with conflicts of interest. For instance, if a director has a material interest in any contract, arrangement or other proposal considered by our board, the interested director shall abstain from voting in respect of such transaction and shall not be counted in the quorum. We can rely on our independent non-executive directors to make decisions in the interests of shareholders as a whole, in particular minority shareholders, in the unlikely event that both Melcos and Crowns directors are required to abstain from voting. Our four independent non-executive directors collectively have significant public company experience and detailed knowledge of our operations.
Retirement Schemes
Our Macau employees participate in the Social Security Fund, under which we are required to make a monthly contribution of MOP30 per month for each resident employee. The Macau government is responsible for the planning, management and supervision of the Social Security Fund, including collecting and investing the contributions and paying out the pensions to the retired employees. We do not have any obligations to pay any pension to any retired employees under the fund scheme. Aside from the Social Security Fund, we have also set up a provident fund for our employees as part of our employee benefits package.
Our Hong Kong employees participate in the Mandatory Provident Fund Retirement Scheme in accordance with the arrangement prescribed by applicable Hong Kong law.
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The total amounts of contributions made by us for such retirement schemes were US$4.6 million, US$5.0 million, US$5.1 million, US$2.8 million and US$2.9 million, for each of the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011, respectively.
Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers
Certain directors of ours receive compensation in the form of fees, and certain directors of ours may also receive compensation in the form of employee compensation including salaries and other benefits, contributions to pension scheme, discretionary bonuses and equity awards according to the law of the relevant jurisdiction.
We offer our management employees, including the senior management, the ability to participate in our companys discretionary annual bonus plan. As part of this plan, employees may receive compensation in addition to their base salary upon satisfactory achievement of certain financial, strategic and individual objectives. Our directors are excluded from this plan. The discretionary annual bonus plan is administered at the sole discretion of our company and our compensation committee.
The aggregate amount of remuneration to our directors in the form of fees and in the form of employee compensation (including salaries and other benefits, contributions to pension schemes, discretionary bonuses and equity awards) amounted to approximately US$5.6 million, US$4.9 million, US$4.7 million, US$1.3 million and US$2.5 million to all our directors for the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011, respectively.
The aggregate amount of remuneration (including fees, salaries, contributions to pension schemes, housing allowances and other allowances and benefits in kind and discretionary bonuses) which was paid by us to our five highest paid individual employees included one director of our company. For the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011, the aggregate amount of remuneration for the remaining four highest paid individuals were approximately US$6.5 million, US$4.2 million, US$6.7 million, US$2.0 million and US$3.1 million, respectively.
No remuneration was paid by us to our directors as an inducement to join or upon joining us or as a compensation for loss of office in respect of the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011.
Except for one director who waived emoluments of US$200,000 related to services provided in 2008 and 2009 during the year ended December 31, 2010 and the six months ended June 30, 2010, and one director who waived emoluments of US$120,000 related to services provided in 2010 during the six months ended June 30, 2011, no director waived any emoluments during the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2009 and 2010 and the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2011.
It is estimated that the remuneration and benefits in kind, equivalent to approximately US$5.7 million in the aggregate, will be paid and granted to our directors by us in respect of the financial year ending December 31, 2011 under arrangements in force at the date of this prospectus.
2006 Share Incentive Plan
We have adopted the 2006 Share Incentive Plan, to attract and retain the best available personnel for positions of substantial responsibility, provide additional incentives to employees, directors and consultants and to promote the success of our business. Under the 2006 Share Incentive Plan, the maximum aggregate number of shares which may be issued pursuant to all awards (including shares issuable upon exercise of options) is 100,000,000 over ten years. Our board has approved the removal of the maximum award amount of 50,000,000 shares over the first five years. The removal of such maximum limit for the first five years was
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approved by our shareholders at our general meeting held in May 2009. As of June 30, 2011, 56,036,178 out of 100,000,000 shares remain available for the grant of options or restricted shares.
The following paragraphs describe the principal terms included in our 2006 Share Incentive Plan.
Types of Awards. The awards we may grant under our 2006 Share Incentive Plan include:
| options to purchase our shares; and |
| restricted shares. |
Plan Administration. Our compensation committee will administer the plan and will determine the provisions and terms and conditions of each award grant.
Award Agreement. Awards granted will be evidenced by an award agreement that sets forth the terms, conditions and limitations for each award.
Eligibility. We may grant awards to employees, directors and consultants of our company or any of our related entities, including Melco, Crown, other joint venture entities of Melco or Crown, our own subsidiaries or any entities in which we hold a substantial ownership interest. However, we may grant options that are intended to qualify as incentive share options only to our employees.
Exercise Price and Term of Awards. In general, the plan administrator will determine the exercise price of an option and set forth the price in the award agreement. The exercise price may be a fixed or variable price related to the fair market value of our common shares. If we grant an incentive share option to an employee who, at the time of that grant, owns shares representing more than 10% of the voting power of all classes of our share capital, the exercise price cannot be less than 110% of the fair market value of our common shares on the date of that grant.
The term of each award shall be stated in the award agreement. The term of an award shall not exceed ten years from the date of the grant.
Vesting Schedule. In general, the plan administrator determines, or the award agreement will specify, the vesting schedule.
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A summary of the outstanding awards granted under the 2006 Share Incentive Plan as of November 23, 2011, is presented below:
Exercise Price/Grant Date Fair Value per ADS (US$) |
Number of Unvested Share Options/Restricted Shares |
Vesting Period | ||||||
Share Options |
||||||||
2008 Long Term Incentive Plan |
12.04 14.08 | 88,157 | 4 years | |||||
2008 Retention Program |
3.04 | 4,136,229 | 3 years | |||||
2009 Cancel and Re-issue Program |
4.28 | 1,860,327 | 4 years | |||||
2009 Long Term Incentive Plan |
3.04 3.26 | 2,258,238 | 4 years | |||||
2010 Long Term Incentive Plan |
3.75 3.98 | 1,465,188 | 3 to 4 years | |||||
2011 Long Term Incentive Plan |
7.57 | 5,073,600 | 3 years | |||||
|
|
|||||||
14,881,739 | ||||||||
|
|
|||||||
Restricted Shares |
||||||||
2008 Long Term Incentive Plan |
3.99 12.95 | 154,424 | 4 years | |||||
2008 Retention Program |
3.04 | 689,511 | 3 years | |||||
2009 Long Term Incentive Plan |
3.26 | 310,596 | 4 years | |||||
2010 Long Term Incentive Plan |
3.75 4.66 | 797,003 | 2 to 4 years | |||||
2011 Long Term Incentive Plan |
7.57 | 2,822,151 | 3 years | |||||
|
|
|||||||
4,773,685 | ||||||||
|
|
Note:
(1) | The impact of the following transaction has not been reflected in the above table: |
On November 25, 2011, 689,511 restricted shares and 4,756,275 share options were issued to employees and a director upon vesting on the same date. |
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A summary of the details in relation to outstanding options granted to option-holders under the 2006 Share Incentive Plan as of November 23, 2011, is set out below:
Name of Option-Holder |
Position held within our company |
Exercise price per share (US$) |
Date of grant(1) |
Number of shares subject to the unvested options outstanding |
Approximate percentage of shareholding(2) |
|||||||||||||
Directors |
||||||||||||||||||
Lawrence Yau Lung Ho |
Co-chairman, Chief executive officer and executive director |
|
1.0867 1.4267 2.52333 |
|
|
March 17, 2009 November 25, 2009 March 23, 2011 |
|
|
1,449,390 566,295 1,446,498 |
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
3,462,183 | 0.215 | % | ||||||||||||||||
John Peter Ben Wang |
Non-executive director |
|
4.01333 1.0867 |
|
|
March 18, 2008 March 17, 2009 |
|
|
14,157 69,018 |
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
83,175 | 0.005 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Yuk Man Chung |
Non-executive director |
|
4.01333 1.0867 |
|
|
March 18, 2008 March 17, 2009 |
|
|
14,157 69,018 |
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
83,175 | 0.005 | % | ||||||||||||||||
James Andrew Charles MacKenzie |
Independent non-executive director |
|
4.69333 1.0867 |
|
|
September 30, 2008 March 17, 2009 |
|
|
8,336 69,018 |
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
77,354 | 0.005 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Thomas Jefferson Wu |
Independent non-executive director |
|
4.01333 1.0867 |
|
|
March 18, 2008 March 17, 2009 |
|
|
14,157 69,018 |
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
83,175 | 0.005 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Yiu Wa Alec Tsui |
Independent non-executive director |
|
4.01333 1.0867 |
|
|
March 18, 2008 March 17, 2009 |
|
|
14,157 69,018 |
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
83,175 | 0.005 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Robert Wason Mactier |
Independent non-executive director |
|
4.01333 1.0867 |
|
|
March 18, 2008 March 17, 2009 |
|
|
14,157 69,018 |
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
83,175 | 0.005 | % | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Subtotal: | 3,955,412 | 0.245 | % | |||||||||||||||
Senior Management |
||||||||||||||||||
Geoffrey Stuart Davis |
Chief Financial Officer |
|
1.01333 1.4267 1.4267 2.52333 |
|
|
November 25, 2008 November 25, 2009 November 25, 2009 March 23, 2011 |
|
|
190,437 37,404 35,394 285,336 |
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
548,571 | 0.034 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Stephanie Cheung |
Executive Vice President and Chief Legal Officer |
|
1.01333 1.4267 1.4267 2.52333 |
|
|
November 25, 2008 November 25, 2009 November 25, 2009 March 23, 2011 |
|
|
374,586 89,772 90,753 200,055 |
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
755,166 | 0.047 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Nigel Alan Dean |
Executive Vice President and Chief Internal Audit Officer |
|
1.01333 1.4267 1.4267 2.52333 |
|
|
November 25, 2008 November 25, 2009 November 25, 2009 March 23, 2011 |
|
|
299,673 89,772 72,603 178,335 |
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
640,383 | 0.040 | % |
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Name of Option-Holder |
Position held within our company |
Exercise price per share (US$) |
Date of grant(1) |
Number of shares subject to the unvested options outstanding |
Approximate percentage of shareholding(2) |
|||||||||||||
Akiko Takahashi |
Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources/ Corporate Social Responsibility Officer |
|
1.01333 1.4267 1.4267 2.52333 |
|
|
November 25, 2008 November 25, 2009 November 25, 2009 March 23, 2011 |
|
|
386,577 89,772 93,657 206,457 |
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
776,463 | 0.048 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Ying Tat Chan |
Co-Chief Operating Officer, Gaming |
|
1.01333 2.52333 |
|
|
November 25, 2008 March 23, 2011 |
|
|
442,371 653,898 |
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
1,096,269 | 0.068 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Nicholas C Naples |
Co-Chief Operating Officer, Operations | 1.2767 | July 28, 2010 | 689,298 | | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
689,298 | 0.043 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Ching Hui Hsu |
President of Mocha Clubs |
|
1.01333 1.4267 1.4267 2.52333 |
|
|
November 25, 2008 November 25, 2009 November 25, 2009 March 23, 2011 |
|
|
207,084 29,925 45,216 130,779 |
|
|
|
| |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
413,004 | 0.026 | % | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Subtotal: | 4,919,154 | 0.305 | % | |||||||||||||||
Other options-holders: |
||||||||||||||||||
Approximately 217 of our employees(3) |
1.013335.06333 | 6,007,173 | 0.372 | % | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Grand total: |
14,881,739 | 0.923 | % | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
Notes:
(1) | The exercise period of the options granted to all the grantees ranges from three years to four years. |
(2) | The percentage are calculated on the basis of 1,612,889,072 shares in issue as of November 23, 2011. |
(3) | No consideration is required to be paid for the options granted until the vested share options are exercised. |
(4) | The impact of the following transactions has not been reflected in the above table: |
(i) | On November 25, 2011, 689,511 restricted shares and 4,756,275 share options were issued to employees and a director upon vesting on the same date; and |
(ii) | On November 29, 2011, the outstanding shareholder loan balances due to Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments, which amounted to HK$899.7 million (approximately US$115.6 million) as of June 30, 2011, were converted into shares, with an adjustment between Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments to ensure that they maintain their interests in our company in equal proportions. The price of capitalization was determined as one-third of the VWAP of our ADSs as quoted on the Nasdaq Global Select Market over the period of the five Nasdaq trading days immediately preceding November 29, 2011, as each ADS represents three ordinary shares. 40,211,930 ordinary shares were issued upon capitalization of the shareholder loans. |
Other than the directors stated in the table above, there are no other connected persons of our company who are option-holders under the 2006 Share Incentive Plan.
As of November 23, 2011, the unvested share options granted under the 2006 Share Incentive Plan represented approximately 0.923% of the issued share capital of our company. If all the unvested share options are exercised and vested during the six months ended June 30, 2011 on an unaudited pro-forma basis, there would be a dilution effect on the shareholdings of our shareholders of approximately 0.926% and earnings per share of US$0.0004. No further awards will be granted under the 2006 Share Incentive Plan after our listing on the HKSE. All subsequent awards will be issued under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan.
2011 Share Incentive Plan
The following summarizes the principal terms of the 2011 Share Incentive Plan conditionally approved by our shareholders at the extraordinary general meeting held on October 6, 2011. The terms of the options to be
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granted under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan are in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 17 of the listing rules of the HKSE. All awards other than options granted under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan are not subject to the provisions of Chapter 17 of the listing rules of the HKSE as those awards (other than options) do not involve the grant of options by our company to subscribe for new shares.
Purpose
The purpose of the 2011 Share Incentive Plan is to promote the success and enhance the value of our company by linking the personal interests of the members of our board, employees, and consultants to those of the shareholders and by providing such individuals with an incentive for outstanding performance to generate superior returns to the shareholders. The 2011 Share Incentive Plan is further intended to provide flexibility to our company in its ability to motivate, attract, and retain the services of members of our board, employees, and consultants upon whose judgment, interest, and special effort the successful conduct of our companys operation is largely dependent.
Eligible Participants
Persons eligible to participate in the 2011 Share Incentive Plan include employees, consultants, and a member of our board, as determined by our compensation committee of our company. Subject to the provisions of the 2011 Share Incentive Plan, our compensation committee may, from time to time, select from among all eligible individuals, those to whom awards shall be granted and shall determine the nature and amount of each award.
Grant of Awards
Our compensation committee has the right to grant awards to participants at a price, time and conditions of its determination, evidenced by an award agreement, provided that the term of the award does not exceed ten years and subject to paragraphs Maximum Number of Shares and Maximum Number of Options to Any One Individual and other relevant restrictions set out below. Awards granted pursuant to the 2011 Share Incentive Plan may, in the discretion of our compensation committee, be granted either alone, in addition to, or in tandem with, any other award granted pursuant to the 2011 Share Incentive Plan. Awards granted in addition to or in tandem with other awards may be granted either at the same time as or at a different time from the grant of such other awards.
Maximum Number of Shares
The maximum aggregate number of shares which may be issued pursuant to all awards under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan is 100,000,000 shares (the Plan Limit), representing approximately 6.2% of the issued share capital as at the date of approval of the 2011 Share Incentive Plan by the shareholders at the extraordinary general meeting of our company held on October 6, 2011. The Plan Limit may be increased from time to time but not more than 10 per cent. of the shares in issue (the New Plan Limit) as at the date of the relevant shareholders approval, subject to relevant listing rules of the HKSE, which require the issue of a circular by our company, and the approval of the shareholders in general meeting and/or such other requirements prescribed under the listing rules of the HKSE from time to time.
Further, notwithstanding any adjustments in the Plan Limit in the events of any alteration in the capital structure of our company whether by way of capitalization issue, rights issue, sub-division or consolidation of shares or reduction of the share capital of our company in such manner as the auditors or the approved independent financial advisor shall certify to be appropriate, fair and reasonable, the shares which may be issued
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upon exercise of all outstanding awards granted and yet to be exercised under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan and other schemes shall not exceed 30 per cent. of the shares in issue from time to time, as prescribed under relevant listing rules of the HKSE.
Types of Awards
Grant of Options
Our compensation committee is authorized to grant options to participants at a price, time and conditions of its determination, provided that the term of the any option granted under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan shall not exceed ten years, and subject to restrictions set out in the 2011 Share Incentive Plan relevant to awards.
Incentive Share Option Award
An Incentive Share Option is an option that is intended to meet the requirements under the U.S. Laws. It shall only be granted to employees of our company, a parent or subsidiary of our company. It shall be granted to any individual who, at the date of grant, owns shares possessing more than ten per cent. of the total combined voting power of all classes of shares, provided that such option is granted at a price that is not less than 110% of the fair market value on the date of grant. Such an option is exercisable for no more than five years from the date of grant. An incentive share option may not be exercised to any extent by anyone after the first to occur of the following events:
(i) | ten years from the date it is granted, unless an earlier time is set in the award agreement; |
(ii) | three months after the participants termination of employment as an employee; and |
(iii) | one year after the date of the participants termination of employment or service on account of disability or death. Upon the participants disability or death, any incentive share options exercisable at the participants disability or death may be exercised by the participants legal representative or representatives, by the person or persons entitled to do so pursuant to the participants last will and testament, or, if the participant fails to make testamentary disposition of such incentive share option or dies intestate, by the person or persons entitled to receive the incentive share option pursuant to the applicable laws of descent and distribution. |
Share Appreciation Rights Award
Share appreciation rights are rights granted pursuant to the 2011 Share Incentive Plan to receive a payment equal to the excess of the fair market value of a specified number of shares on the date the share appreciation right is exercised over the fair market value on the date the share appreciation right was granted. They may be granted to any participant selected by the compensation committee and entitle the participant (or other person entitled to exercise the share appreciation right pursuant to the 2011 Share Incentive Plan) to exercise all or a specified portion of the share appreciation right (to the extent then exercisable pursuant to its terms) and to receive from our company an amount determined by multiplying the difference obtained by subtracting the exercise price per share of the share appreciation right from the fair market value of a share on the date of exercise of the share appreciation right by the number of shares with respect to which the share appreciation right shall have been exercised, subject to any limitations the Compensation Committee may impose.
Our compensation committee shall determine the time or times at which a share appreciation right may be exercised in whole or in part; provided that the term of any share appreciation right granted under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan shall not exceed ten years, except as provided above. Our compensation committee shall also determine the conditions, if any, that must be satisfied before all or part of a share appreciation right may be exercised.
Subject to our compensation committees sole discretion, options may be substituted for share appreciation rights at any time prior to or upon exercise of such option, provided that such share appreciation right shall (i) be
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exercisable for the same number of share that such substituted option would have been exercisable for, and (ii) that the exercise price is the same as such substituted option.
Restricted Shares Award
Restricted shares are shares awarded to a participant that are subject to restrictions on transferability and other restrictions our compensation committee may so impose, including, without limitation, limitations on the right to vote restricted shares or the right to receive dividends on the restricted shares, and may be subject to risk of forfeiture. In addition, upon termination of employment or service during the applicable restriction period, restricted shares that are at that time subject to restrictions shall be forfeited, except as otherwise waived or determined by our compensation committee.
Other Types of Awards
Dividend Equivalents. Dividend equivalents are rights granted to a participant pursuant to the 2011 Share Incentive Plan to receive the equivalent value (in cash or share) of dividends paid on share. Any participant selected by our compensation committee may be granted dividends equivalents based on the dividends declared on the shares that are subject to any award, to be credited as of dividend payment dates, during the period between the date the award is granted and the date the award is exercised, vests or expires, as determined by our compensation committee. Such dividend equivalents shall be converted to cash or additional shares by such formula and at such time and subject to such limitations as may be determined by our compensation committee, provided that the terms of any reinvestment of dividends must comply with all applicable laws, rules and regulations.
Share Payments. Share payments are a payment in the form of shares or an option or other right to purchase shares, as part of any bonus, deferred compensation or other arrangement, made in lien of all or any portion of the compensation, granted pursuant to the 2011 Share Incentive Plan. Based on performance criteria or other specific criteria determined appropriate by our compensation committee, participants may be granted share payments in the manner determined from time to time by our compensation committee. Unless otherwise determined by our compensation committee, such share payments shall be made in lieu of base salary, bonus or other cash compensation otherwise payable to such participant.
Deferred Shares. Deferred shares are a right to receive a specified number of shares during specified time periods pursuant to the 2011 Share Incentive Plan. Any participant selected by our compensation committee may be granted an award of deferred shares in the manner determined from time to time by our compensation committee. The number of deferred shares shall be determined by our compensation committee, and may be linked to such specific criteria determined to be appropriate by our compensation committee. Shares underlying a deferred share award will not be issued until it is vested, pursuant to a vesting schedule or criteria set by our compensation Committee. Unless otherwise determined by our compensation committee, a participant awarded deferred shares shall have no rights as a shareholder with respect to such deferred shares until such time as the deferred share award has been vested and the shares underlying the deferred share award has been issued.
Restricted Share Units. Participants may be granted restricted share units of such amounts, terms and conditions, including the date upon which the restricted share units shall become fully vested and non-forfeitable, as determined by our compensation committee. At the time of grant, our compensation committee shall specify the maturity date applicable to each grant of restricted share units which shall be no earlier than the vesting date or dates of the award and may be determined at the election of the participant. On the maturity date, each restricted share unit shall be exchanged for one unrestricted, fully transferable share. Our compensation committee shall specify the purchase price, if any, to be paid by the participant to our company for such shares.
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Provisions Relate to Options
Maximum Number of Options to Any One Individual
The maximum aggregate number of shares granted to any one eligible participant shall not, in any 12-month period up to the date of grant, exceed one per cent. of the number of shares in issue on the date of grant.
If our compensation committee determines to offer options to an eligible Participant which exceed the limit of one per cent. of shares in issue within a 12-month period up to the date of grant, then:
(i) | that grant shall be subject to (a) the issue of a circular by our company to its shareholders which shall comply with relevant listing rules of the HKSE and or such other requirements as prescribed under the listing rules of the HKSE, any applicable law or any exchange rule from time to time; and (b) the approval of the shareholders in general meeting at which that eligible participant and his associates shall abstain from voting; and |
(ii) | unless provided otherwise in the listing rules of the HKSE, any applicable law or any exchange rule, the date of our compensation committee meeting at which our compensation committee resolves to grant the proposed options to that eligible participant shall be taken as the offer date for the purpose of calculating the exercise price. |
Price of Options and Share Appreciation Right
The exercise price in relation to each option and share appreciation right offered to an eligible participant shall, subject to the adjustments referred to in paragraphs Rights on the Takeover, Acquisition or Dissolution of our company and Effects of Alterations to Share Capital below, be determined by the Compensation Committee in its absolute discretion but in any event shall not be less than the highest of:
(i) | the official closing price of the shares as stated in the daily quotation sheets of the HKSE on the offer date; |
(ii) | the average of the official closing price of the shares as stated in the daily quotation sheets of the HKSE for the five business days immediately preceding the offer date; and |
(iii) | the nominal value of a share. |
Grant of Options to Connected Persons
If our compensation committee determines to offer to grant options to a director, chief executive or substantial shareholder of our company or any of their respective associates, such grant shall be subject to the approval by the independent non-executive directors on our compensation committee at the time of determination (and in the event that our compensation committee offers to grant options to an independent non-executive director on our compensation committee at the time of determination, the vote of such independent non-executive director shall not be counted for the purposes of approving such grant and the alternate independent non-executive director not on our compensation committee at the time of determination shall vote in place of the relevant participant).
If our compensation committee determines to offer to grant options to a substantial shareholder or an independent non-executive director (or any of their respective associates) and that grant would result in the shares issued and to be issued upon exercise of all options already granted and to be granted (including options exercised, cancelled and outstanding) to such person under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan and the other schemes in the 12-month period up to and including the offer date:
(i) | representing in aggregate over 0.1 per cent., or such other percentage as may be from time to time provided under the listing rules of the HKSE, of the shares in issue on the offer date; and |
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(ii) | having an aggregate value, based on the official closing price of the shares as stated in the daily quotation sheets of the HKSE on the offer date, in excess of HK$5 million or such other sum as may be from time to time provided under the listing rules of the HKSE, |
such grant shall be subject to, in addition to the approval of the independent non-executive directors as referred to above, the issue of a circular by our company to its shareholders and the approval of the shareholders in general meeting by way of a poll convened and held in accordance with our memorandum and articles of association at which all connected persons of our company shall abstain from voting in favor of the resolution concerning the grant of such options at the general meeting, and/or such other requirements prescribed under the listing rules of the HKSE from time to time. Unless provided otherwise in the listing rules of the HKSE, the date of the board meeting at which our board proposes to grant the proposed options to that eligible participant shall be taken as the offer date for the purpose of calculating the exercise price.
The circular to be issued by our company to its shareholders pursuant to the above paragraph shall contain the following information:
(i) | the details of the number and terms (including the exercise price) of the options to be granted to each eligible participant which must be fixed before the shareholders meeting and the offer date (which shall be the date of the board meeting at which our compensation committee proposes to grant the proposed options to that eligible participant); |
(ii) | a recommendation from the independent non-executive directors (excluding any independent non-executive director who is the relevant participant) to the independent shareholders as to voting; |
(iii) | the information and the disclaimer required under relevant listing rules of the HKSE. |
Lapse of Option and Amendments to the 2011 Share Incentive Plan
An option shall lapse automatically and not be exercisable (to the extent not already exercised) upon the earliest of:
(i) | the expiry date relevant to that option; |
(ii) | the expiry of any of the periods referred to in paragraphs Rights on Termination of Employment, Rights on the Change of Control or Rights on the Takeover, Acquisition or Dissolution of our Company; |
(iii) | the date on which the consummation of the transaction referred to in paragraph Rights on the Takeover, Acquisition or Dissolution of our Company becomes effective; |
(iv) | the date of the commencement of the winding-up of our company (as determined in accordance with the Cayman Companies Law); |
(v) | the date on which the participant ceases to be eligible by reason of the termination of his relationship with our company and/or any of its subsidiaries on any one or more of the grounds that he has been guilty of serious misconduct or has been convicted of any criminal offense involving his integrity or honesty or in relation to an employee of our company and/or any of the subsidiaries (if so determined by our compensation committee) on any other ground on which an employer would be entitled to terminate his employment at common law or pursuant to any applicable laws or under the participants service contract with our company or the relevant subsidiary. A resolution of our board or the board of directors of the relevant subsidiary to the effect that the relationship of a participant has or has not been terminated on one or more of the grounds specified in this paragraph shall be conclusive; and |
(vi) | the date on which our compensation committee shall exercise our companys right to cancel the option at any time after the participant commits a breach of paragraph Rights are Personal to Participant above or the awards are cancelled in accordance with paragraph Cancellation of Options. |
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Subject to applicable laws, our compensation committee may terminate, amend or modify the 2011 Share Incentive Plan upon obtaining the approval of our board, and in accordance with Chapter 17 of the listing rules of the HKSE, the approval of the shareholders of the amended plan, particularly for matters of a material nature, such as increasing the number of shares available under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan, permitting our compensation committee to grant options with an exercise price that is below fair market value on the date of grant, and which results in a material increase in benefits or a change in eligibility requirements.
Cancellation of Options
Any cancellation of options granted but not exercised must be approved by the participants of the relevant options in writing. For the avoidance of doubt, such approval is not required in the event any option is cancelled pursuant to the paragraph Rights are Personal to Participant. Where our company cancels options, the grant of new options to the same participant may only be made under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan within the limits set out in paragraphs Maximum Number of Shares, Maximum Number of Options to Any One Individual and other relevant restrictions set out therein.
General Provisions
Restrictions on the Time of Grant of Awards
A grant of awards may not be made upon the expiration date, ten years from the effective date.
Further, for so long as the shares are listed on the HKSE, no awards shall be granted after a price-sensitive event has occurred or a price-sensitive matter has been the subject of a decision until announcements pursuant to the requirements of the listing rules of the HKSE have been made. In particular, no awards shall be granted during the period commencing one month immediately preceding the earlier of:
(i) | the date of our board of directors or board committee meeting (as such date is first notified to the HKSE in accordance with the listing rules of the HKSE) for the approval of our companys annual results, half-year, quarterly or any other interim period (whether or not required under the listing rules of the HKSE); and |
(ii) | the deadline for our company to publish an announcement of results for (a) any year or half-year period in accordance with the listing rules of the HKSE, and (b) the deadline, if any, where our company has elected to publish them, any quarterly or any other interim period, |
and ending on the actual date of publication of the results for such year, half-year, quarterly or interim period (as the case may be).
For so long as the shares are listed on the HKSE, no awards shall be granted to a director:
(i) | during the period of 60 days immediately preceding the publication date of the annual results or, if shorter, the period from the end of the relevant financial year up to the publication date of the results; and |
(ii) | during the period of 30 days immediately preceding the publication date of the quarterly results (if any) and half-year results or, if shorter, the period from the end of the relevant quarterly or half-year period up to the publication date of the results. |
Rights are Personal to Participant
No right or interest of a participant in any award may be pledged, encumbered, or hypothecated to or in favor of any party other than our company or its subsidiary, or shall be subject to any lien, obligation, or liability of such participant to any other party other than our company or its subsidiary. Except as otherwise provided by our compensation committee, no award shall be assigned, transferred, or otherwise disposed of by a participant
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other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. Our company may cancel any outstanding awards or any part thereof granted to the participant if any of the foregoing has been breached.
Time of Exercise of Awards and Duration of 2011 Share Incentive Plan
Subject to the terms of the award as determined by our compensation committee, the award may be exercised by the participant at any time or times during its term. The 2011 Share Incentive Plan will expire on, and no award may be granted pursuant to the 2011 Share Incentive Plan after, the tenth anniversary of the effective date of the 2011 Share Incentive Plan.
Subject to earlier termination by our company in a general meeting or by our board, the 2011 Share Incentive Plan shall be valid and effective for a period of ten years commencing on the effective date.
Performance Targets and Minimum Holding Period
A participant may be required to achieve any performance targets or meet any conditions such as minimum holding periods as our compensation committee may then specify in the grant before any awards granted under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan can be exercised.
Rights Attached to the Shares
No award gives the participant any of the rights of a shareholder, unless and until shares are in fact issued to such person in connection with such award. With respect to any payments not yet made to a participant pursuant to an award, nothing contained in the 2011 Share Incentive Plan or any award agreement shall give the participant any rights that are greater than those of a general creditor of our company or any of its subsidiary.
Except as expressly provided in the 2011 Share Incentive Plan, no participant shall have any rights by reason of any subdivision or consolidation of shares of any class, the payment of any dividend, any increase or decrease in the number of shares of any class or any dissolution, liquidation, merger, or consolidation of our company or any other corporation. Except as expressly provided in the 2011 Share Incentive Plan or pursuant to action of our compensation committee under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan, no issuance by our company of shares of any class, or securities convertible into shares of any class, shall affect, and no adjustment by reason thereof shall be made with respect to, the number of shares subject to an award or the grant price or exercise price of any award.
Rights on Termination of Employment
If the participant ceases to be eligible for any reason, the validity of the award shall depend on the terms and conditions of the award agreement. For a participant granted an incentive share option, upon three months of termination of employment as an employee, the right to exercise the incentive share option shall be revoked.
Rights on the Change of Control
In the event of a change in the control of our company, our compensation committee may in its sole discretion provide for:
(i) | any and all awards outstanding under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan to terminate at a specific time in the future and shall give each participant the right to exercise such awards during a period of time as our compensation committee shall determine; |
(ii) | either the purchase of any award for an amount of cash equal to the amount that could have been attained upon the exercise of such award or realization of the participants rights had such award been currently exercisable or payable or fully vested; or |
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(iii) | the replacement of such award with other rights or property selected by our compensation committee in its sole discretion the assumption of or substitution of such award by the successor or surviving corporation, or a parent or subsidiary thereof, with appropriate adjustments as to the number and kind of shares and prices. |
Rights on the Takeover, Acquisition or Dissolution of our Company
In the event of a corporate transaction including takeover, acquisition or dissolution of our company, each award shall terminate upon the consummation of the corporate transaction, unless the award is assumed by the successor entity or parent thereof in connection with the corporate transaction. Except as provided otherwise in an individual award agreement, in the event of a corporate transaction, our compensation committee may:
(i) | replace the original award with a comparable award with respect to shares of the capital stock of the successor entity or parent thereof; or |
(ii) | replace the original award with a cash incentive program of the successor entity which preserves the compensation element of such award existing at the time of the corporate transaction and provides for subsequent payout in accordance with the same vesting schedule applicable to such award, upon which the cash incentive program automatically shall become fully vested, exercisable and payable, and be released from any restrictions on transfer. |
For each award that is neither assumed nor replaced, such portion of the award shall automatically become fully vested and exercisable, provided that the participant remains an employee, consultant or director on the effective date of the corporate transaction.
Effects of Alterations to Share Capital
In the event of capitalization issue, right issue, sub-division, consolidation of shares or reduction of capital, or any other change affecting the shares of shares or the share price of a share, our compensation committee shall make proportionate and equitable adjustments to reflect such change with respect to:
(i) | the aggregate number and type of shares that may be issued under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan; |
(ii) | the terms and conditions of any outstanding awards (including, without limitation, any applicable performance targets or criteria with respect thereto); and |
(iii) | the grant price or exercise price per share for any outstanding awards under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan. |
In order to preserve, but not increase, the benefits or potential benefits intended to be made available under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan, a financial adviser must confirm to our board in writing that any adjustments to the 2011 Share Incentive Plan comply with the relevant listing rules of the HKSE and the note thereto, with the supplementary guidance issued by the HKSE on September 5, 2005 and with any future guidance and interpretation of the listing rules issued by the HKSE from time to time. However, no such alteration may be made the effect of which would be to enable a share to be issued at less than its nominal value.
Termination of the 2011 Share Incentive Plan
With the approval of our board, at any time and from time to time, our compensation committee may terminate, amend or modify the 2011 Share Incentive Plan. However, no termination, amendment, or modification of the 2011 Share Incentive Plan shall adversely affect in any material way any award previously granted pursuant to the 2011 Share Incentive Plan and other previous plans without the prior written consent of the participant.
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Administration of the Committee
Our compensation committees interpretation of the 2011 Share Incentive Plan, any awards granted pursuant to the 2011 Share Incentive Plan, any award agreement and all decisions and determinations by our compensation committee with respect to the 2011 Share Incentive Plan shall be made in our compensation committees sole discretion and are final, binding, and conclusive for all purposes and upon all parties.
Conditions of the 2011 Share Incentive Plan
The 2011 Share Incentive Plan shall take effect subject to and is conditional upon:
(i) | the passing of the necessary resolutions by the shareholders in general meeting to approve and adopt the rules of the 2011 Share Incentive Plan; |
(ii) | the HKSE granting the listing of, and permission to deal in, the shares falling to be issued pursuant to the exercise of options under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan; |
(iii) | the listing becoming unconditional and not being terminated in accordance with its terms or otherwise; and |
(iv) | the commencement of dealings in the shares on the HKSE. |
In the event that the conditions set out above are not satisfied, the 2011 Share Incentive Plan shall have no effect whatsoever.
Disclosure in Annual and Interim Reports
Our company will disclose details of the 2011 Share Incentive Plan and other share incentive schemes of our company and its subsidiaries in the annual reports and interim reports of our company in compliance with the listing rules of the HKSE and other applicable laws in force from time to time.
Shareholders Approval
For matters under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan or any related matters which require the approval of the shareholders or the independent non-executive directors under the listing rules of the HKSE, such matters must be approved by the shareholders or the independent non-executive directors.
As at November 23, 2011, no award had been granted or agreed to be granted under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan.
An application has been made to HKSE for the listing of, and permission to deal in, the shares which may fall to be issued pursuant to the exercise of the awards to be granted under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan, being 100,000,000 shares in total.
To the extent permitted under the listing rules of the HKSE, we intend to fulfill the obligations under the 2011 Share Incentive Plan by way of issuing new shares or arrange to acquire shares from the open market.
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The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership of our ordinary shares (exclusive of any ordinary shares represented by ADSs held by the SPV) as of the date of this prospectus by all persons who are known to us to be the beneficial owners of 5% or more of our share capital.
Ordinary Shares Beneficially Owned(1) |
||||||||
Name |
Number | % | ||||||
Melco Leisure and Entertainment Group Limited(2)(3) |
556,222,503 | 33.65 | ||||||
Crown Asia Investments Pty. Ltd.(4) |
556,222,503 | 33.65 |
(1) | Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and includes voting or investment power with respect to the securities. Melco and Crown continue to have a shareholders agreement relating to certain aspects of the voting and disposition of our ordinary shares held by them, and may accordingly constitute a group within the meaning of Rule 13d-3. See Corporate History and Structure Melco Crown Joint Venture. However, Melco and Crown each disclaim beneficial ownership of the shares of our company owned by the other. |
(2) | Melco Leisure and Entertainment Group Limited is incorporated in the British Virgin Islands and is a wholly owned subsidiary of Melco. The address of Melco and Melco Leisure and Entertainment Group Limited is c/o The Penthouse, 38th Floor, The Centrium, 60 Wyndham Street, Central, Hong Kong. Melco is listed on the Main Board of the HKSE. |
(3) | Mr. Lawrence Ho, our Co-Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and the Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and executive director of Melco, personally holds 10,499,612 ordinary shares of Melco, representing approximately 0.85% of Melcos ordinary shares outstanding as of November 23, 2011. In addition, 115,509,024 shares of Melco are held by Lasting Legend Ltd., 288,532,606 shares of Melco are held by Better Joy Overseas Ltd., 18,587,447 shares of Melco are held by Mighty Dragon Developments Limited and 7,294,000 shares of Melco are held by The L3G Capital Trust, all of which companies are owned by persons and/or trusts affiliated with Mr. Lawrence Ho. Therefore, we believe that Mr. Lawrence Ho beneficially owns an aggregate of 440,422,689 ordinary shares of Melco, representing approximately 35.76% of Melcos ordinary shares outstanding as of November 23, 2011, 2011. The foregoing amount does not include 298,982,188 shares which may be issued by Melco to Great Respect Limited as a result of any future exercise in full of conversion rights by Great Respect Limited, a company controlled by a discretionary trust the beneficiaries of which include Mr. Lawrence Ho and his immediate family members, under the amended convertible loan notes held by Great Respect Limited. |
(4) | Crown Asia Investments Pty, Ltd., formerly PBL Asia Investments Limited, was incorporated in the Cayman Islands but is now a registered Australian company and is 100% indirectly owned by Crown. The address of Crown and Crown Asia Investments Pty. Ltd. is Level 3, Crown Towers, 8 Whiteman Street, Southbank, Victoria 3006, Australia. Crown is listed on the Australian Stock Exchange. As of November 23, 2011, Crown was approximately 46.00% owned by Consolidated Press Holdings Group, which is a group of companies owned by the Packer family. |
As of the date of this prospectus, a total of 1,653,101,002 ordinary shares were outstanding, of which 545,389,072 ordinary shares were registered in the name of a nominee of Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, the depositary under the deposit agreement. We have no further information as to shares held, or beneficially owned, by U.S. persons. Since the completion of our initial public offering in December 2006, all ordinary shares represented by the ADSs quoted initially on the Nasdaq Global Market and since January 2009 on the Nasdaq Global Select Market have been held in Hong Kong by the custodian, Deutsche Bank AG, Hong Kong Branch, on behalf of the depositary. In October 2007, we appointed BOCI Securities Limited to assist us in the administration of our long term incentive plan.
None of our shareholders will have different voting rights from other shareholders after the filing of this annual report. We are not aware of any arrangement that may, at a subsequent date, result in a change of control of our company.
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Gaming Regulations
The ownership and operation of casino gaming facilities in Macau are subject to the general laws (e.g., the Civil Code and the Commercial Code) and to specific gaming laws, in particular, the Gaming Law, and various regulations govern the different aspects of the gaming activities. Macaus gaming operations are subject to the grant of a concession or subconcession by and regulatory control of the Macau government, or Dispatch of the Chief Executive.
The laws, regulations and supervisory procedures of the Macau gaming authorities are based upon declarations of public policy that are concerned with, among other things:
| the prevention of unsavory or unsuitable persons from having a direct or indirect involvement with gaming at any time or in any capacity; |
| the adequate operation and exploitation of games of fortune and chance; |
| the fair and honest operation and exploitation of games of fortune and chance free of criminal influence; |
| the protection of Macaus interest in receiving the taxes resulting from the gaming operation; and |
| the development of the tourism industry, social stability and economic development of Macau. |
Macau Administrative Regulation no. 26/2001 supplements Gaming Law setting forth the terms of the public tender process through which casino concessions are awarded and various compliance requirements, in particular as regards suitability and financial capacity, to be met by gaming concessionaires and subconcessionaires.
Below are the main features of these statutes:
If we violate the Macau Gaming Law, Melco Crown Gamings subconcession could be limited, conditioned, suspended or revoked, subject to compliance with certain statutory and regulatory procedures. In addition, we, and the persons involved, could be subject to substantial fines for each separate violation of Macau Gaming Law or of the subconcession contract at the discretion of the Macau government. Further, if we terminate or suspend the operation of all or a part of the conceded business without permission, which is not caused by force majeure or the occurrence of serious chaos in our overall organization and operation, or in the event of insufficiency of our facilities and equipment which may affect the normal operation of the conceded business, the Macau government would be entitled to replace Melco Crown Gaming directly or through a third party during the aforesaid termination or suspension or subsistence of the aforesaid chaos and insufficiency and to ensure the operation of the conceded business and cause the adoption of necessary measures to protect the subject matter of the subconcession contract. Under such circumstances, the expenses required for maintaining the normal operation of the conceded business would be borne by us. Limitation, conditioning or suspension of any gaming registration or license or the appointment of a supervisor could, and revocation of Melco Crown Gamings subconcession would, materially adversely affect our gaming operations.
Any person who fails or refuses to apply for a finding of suitability after being ordered to do so by the Macau government may be found unsuitable. Any stockholder of a concessionaire or subconcessionaire holding stock equal to or in excess of 5% of concessionaire or subconcessionaire stock capital who is found unsuitable will be required to dispose of such stock by a certain time (the transfer itself being subject to Macau government authorization). If a disposal has not taken place by the time so designated, such stock must be acquired by the concessionaire or subconcessionaire. We are subject to disciplinary action if, after we receive notice that a person is unsuitable to be a stockholder or to have any other relationship with us, we:
| pay that person any dividend or interest upon our shares; |
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| allow that person to exercise, directly or indirectly, any voting right conferred through shares held by that person; |
| pay remuneration in any form to that person for services rendered or otherwise; or |
| fail to pursue all lawful efforts to require that unsuitable person to relinquish his or her shares. |
Additionally, the Macau government, pursuant to its regulatory and supervisory control of suitability, has the authority to reject any person owning or controlling the stock of any corporation holding a concession or subconcession.
The Macau government also requires prior approval for the creation of a lien over gaming assets or the whole property comprising a casino, shares and gaming equipment and utensils of a concession or subconcession holder. In addition, the creation of restrictions on its stock in respect of any public offering also require the approval of the Macau government to be effective.
The Macau government must give its prior approval to changes in control through a merger, consolidation, stock or asset acquisition, or any act or conduct by any person whereby he or she obtains such control. Entities seeking to acquire control of a corporation must satisfy the Macau government concerning a variety of stringent standards prior to assuming control. The Macau government may also require controlling stockholders, officers, directors and other persons having a material relationship or involvement with the entity proposing to acquire control, to be investigated for suitability as part of the approval process of the transaction.
Our Macau legal advisors have confirmed that no approval from the Macau government is required to be obtained for listing of our ordinary shares on the HKSE. The Macau government also has the power to supervise subconcessionaires in order to assure financial stability and capacity. See The Subconcession The Subconcession Contract Payments.
Macau Administrative Regulation no. 6/2002, as amended pursuant to Administrative Regulation no. 27/2009, or Gaming Promoters Regulation, regulates licensing as a gaming promoter and the conduct of gaming promotion business by gaming promoters. Applications must be sponsored by a concessionaire or subconcessionaire who will confirm that it may contract the applicants services upon the latter being licensed. Licenses are subject to annual renewal and a list of licensed gaming promoters is published every year in the Macau Official Gazzette.
Agreements entered into between a gaming promoter and a concessionaire or subconcessionaire must be in writing and filed with the DICJ setting out the amount and form of payment of commissions or other remunerations and the terms of the cooperation between the two parties. Gaming promoters are required to maintain certain financial capability and suitability standards at all times. Exclusivity of relationship with a single concessionaire or subconcessionaire may be stipulated in contract but is not imposed on gaming promoters by law.
Concessionaires and subconcessionaires are jointly liable for the activities of their gaming promoters, the respective directors and collaborators within their casinos and are required to report periodically on commissions and other remunerations paid to their gaming promoters. A 5% tax must be withheld on commissions and other remunerations paid out by a concessionaire or subconcessionaire to its gaming promoters.
In August 2009, the Macau government amended the Gaming Promoters Regulations permitting the imposition of a cap on the percentage of commissions payable by gaming operators to gaming promoters. In September 2009, the Secretary for Economy and Finance issued a dispatch implementing a commission cap of 1.25% of rolling chip volume, effective as of September 22, 2009 and being enforced as at December 2009. The commission cap regulations impose fines (ranging from 100,000 Patacas up to 500,000 Patacas) on gaming operators that do not comply with the cap and other fines (ranging from 50,000 Patacas up to 250,000 Patacas) on
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gaming operators that do not comply with their reporting obligations regarding commission payments. If breached, the legislation on commission caps has a sanction enabling the relevant government authority to make public a government decision imposing a fine on a gaming operator, by publishing such decision on the DICJ website and in two Macau newspapers (in Chinese and Portuguese respectively).
We are also required to collect and pay employment taxes in connection with our staff through withholding and all payable and non-exemptible taxes, levies, expenses and handling fees provided by the laws and regulations of Macau.
Non-compliance with these obligations could lead to the revocation of Melco Crown Gamings subconcession and could materially adversely affect our gaming operations.
Macau Law no. 5/2004, or Gaming Credit Law, has legalized the extension of gaming credit to patrons or gaming promoters by concessionaires and subconcessionaires. Gaming promoters may also extend credit to patrons upon obtaining an authorization by a concessionaire or subconcessionaire to carry out such activity. Assigning or transferring ones authorization to extend gaming credit is not permitted. This statute sets forth filing obligations for those extending credit and the supervising role of the DICJ in this activity. Gaming debts contracted pursuant to this statute are a source of civil obligations and may be enforced in court.
Macau Administrative Regulation no. 34/2003 describes the DICJ as the supervisory authority and regulator of the gaming industry in Macau. The core functions of the DICJ are:
| to collaborate in the definition of gaming policies; |
| to supervise and monitor the activities of the concessionaires and subconcessionaires, especially on their compliance with legal, statutory and contractual obligations; |
| to examine or commission the investigation of and monitor the continuing suitability and financial capacity requirements of concessionaires and subconcessionaires; |
| to license and certify gaming equipment and utensils; |
| to issue licenses to gaming promoters; |
| to examine or commission the investigation of and monitor the continuing suitability and financial capacity requirements of gaming promoters |
| to sanction administrative violations of gaming statutes and regulations; |
| to issue directives and recommend practices with respect to the ordinary operation of casinos. |
Concessionaires and subconcessionaires are required to make regular filings with the DICJ in all matters needing approval or authorization or under a duty to inform, including requests for changes in their shareholder structure, changes in directorship, key employees and gaming equipment and financial data.
AML Regulations in Macau
In conjunction with current gaming laws and regulations, we are required to comply with the laws and regulations relating to AML activities in Macau. Law 2/2006 of April 3, 2006, which came into effect on April 4, 2006, the Administrative Regulation (AR) 7/2006 of May 15, 2006, which came into effect on November 12, 2006, and the DICJ Instruction 2/2006 of November 13, 2006 govern our compliance requirements with respect to identifying, reporting and preventing AML and terrorism financing crimes at our casinos.
Under these laws and regulations, we are required to:
| identify any customer or transaction where there is a sign of money laundering or financing of terrorism or which involves significant sums of money in the context of the transaction, even if any sign of money laundering is absent; |
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| refuse to deal with any of our customers who fail to provide any information requested by us; |
| keep records on the identification of a customer for a period of five years; |
| notify the Finance Information Bureau if there is any sign of money laundering or financing of terrorism; and |
| cooperate with the Macau government by providing all required information and documentation requested in relation to AML activities. |
Under Article 2 of AR 7/2006 and the DICJ Instruction 2/2006, we are required to track and mandatorily report cash transactions and granting of credit in a minimum amount of MOP 500,000 (US$62,000). Pursuant to the legal requirements above, if the customer provides all required information, after submitting the reports, we may continue to deal with those customers that we reported to the DICJ and, in case of suspicious transactions, to the Finance Information Bureau.
We use an integrated information technology system to track and automatically generate significant cash transaction reports and, if permitted by the DICJ and the Finance Information Bureau, to submit those reports electronically. We also train our staff on identifying and following correct procedures for reporting suspicious transactions and make our guidelines and training modules available for our employees on our intranet and internet sites.
New Smoking Regulation in Macau
The Macau Legislative Assembly has approved a new Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Law. Under such law, which will come into effect as at January 1, 2012, smoking shall not be permitted in casino premises, except for an area of up to 50% of the casino area opened to the public, provided such area is separate from the remaining casino areas and provided further such smoking area complies with requirements to be determined by Dispatch of the Chief Executive. The designated smoking areas shall be created by January 1, 2013 and the smoking ban in casino premises, except for an area of up to 50% of the casino areas open to the public, shall be effective from January 1, 2013.
Labor Quotas
All businesses in Macau must apply to the Macau Human Resources Office for labor quotas to import non-skilled workers from China and other countries. Businesses are free to employ Macau residents in any position without any type of quota, as by definition all Macau residents have the right to work in Macau. We have, through our subsidiaries, two main groups of labor quotas in Macau, one to import non-skilled workers from China and the other to import non-skilled workers from all other countries. Our non-China labor quota allows our subsidiaries Melco Crown Gaming, Melco Crown (COD) Hotels, Limited, Melco Crown Hospitality and Services Limited and Melco Crown Security Services Limited to employ 1,221 non-skilled employees. Our China labor quota allows our subsidiaries, Altira Hotel and Melco Crown (COD) Hotels, to employ 1,134 non-skilled employees from China. Melco Crown Gaming is required by law to employ only Macau citizens as dealers and gaming supervisors. It employs a full time team within its human resource department, to apply for and maintain its labor quotas. Non-resident skilled workers are also subject to authorization by the Macau Human Resource Office, which is given individually on a case by case basis.
Pursuant to the Macau Social Security System, which was approved by Macau Decree Law no. 58/93/M, revised Macau Decree Law no. 41/96/M, Macau Decree Law no. 29/98/M, Macau Administrative Regulation no. 19/2008 and Macau Law no. 21/2009 and recently amended by Macau Law no. 4/2010, Macau employers must register their employees under the mandatory Social Security Fund and make social security contributions for each of its resident employees and pay a special duty for each of its non-resident employees on a quarterly basis. Employers must also buy insurance to cover employment accidents for all employees.
In the particular case of concessionaires and subconcessionaires, there is also a general obligation to make annual contributions to urban development, tourism promotion and social security pursuant to the Gaming Law as well as to contribute annually to a public foundation that promotes studies and the development of cultural, social, economic, educational, scientific, academic and philanthropic actions and activities.
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Land Use Title Process Laws in Macau
Macau land is divided into lots, each of which is given a number. There is a small amount of private freehold land in Macau, typically found in the original area of the Macau territory. Where the land is private freehold land, no government rent is payable and there are no temporal limits to the ownership of the land or the buildings erected on the land, which are of private property. The rest of the land, including land reclamation areas, belongs to Macau.
The Macau government may dispose of its land by various legal means, the most common being land concessions by way to lease. The land concession contract is similar to a lease and published in the Macau Official Gazette. Land concessions impose special development conditions, an upfront land premium and also a nominal amount of annual government rent. The land is initially granted on a provisional basis and registered as such with the Macau Property Registry, subject to completion of the proposed development and only upon completion of the development is the land concession converted into definitive status and so registered with the Macau Property Registry.
Land concessions are granted for a determined period of time not exceeding 25 years and may be renewed successively for 10 year periods. Renewal of the land concession can be requested in writing six months prior to expiry. Such application may be submitted to the Macau Land, Public Works and Transport Bureau by any owner, co-owner or mortgagee, or any other person having an interest in the land, in a building or unit built on such land whose title is registered, as well as any holder of another right that could be affected by the expiration of the land concession (such as a tenant).
Macau property and all concessions are subject to the Macau title registration system. Title can be established by reference to the title register. The person or party registered is recognized as the legal holder of the right/title registered. The records in the Macau Property Registry are public and anyone who searches the title register can rely on the registered rights. Following the registration of title in Macau, the registered title holder will be officially recognized and able to enforce his rights vis-à-vis any third parties.
All ownership rights over the properties or buildings subject to a land concession (being strata title for residential units or full ownership of any building or fraction thereof) are also registered with the Macau Property Registry and fall under a private ownership regime.
Regulatory Compliance
Our regulatory compliance function is comprised of experienced management from our legal, internal audit, finance and operational departments supported by external expertise equipped with the requisite knowledge and experience. Representatives from our compliance function are involved in all relevant areas of our operations, including attendance at senior executive committee meetings and board and board committee meetings to monitor and maintain compliance with local laws, regulations and permits and licensing requirements in all jurisdictions in which we operate. Our nominating and corporate governance committee provides oversight of our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements of all relevant jurisdictions. Our audit committee provides oversight of the legal and regulatory issues relating to our financial statements, including the oversight of the independent auditor, the review of the financial statements and related material, the internal audit process and the procedure for receiving complaints regarding accounting, internal accounting controls, auditing or other related matters. Our audit committee also assesses and approves any policies and procedures to identify, accept, mitigate, allocate or otherwise manage various types of risks presented by management, as well as makes recommendations with respect to our risk management process. Pursuant to the legal requirements in Macau, Melco Crown Gaming has appointed a compliance officer whose main responsibility is to follow up and coordinate, on a daily basis, the compliance of legal and regulatory obligations related to the prevention of money laundering and terrorist financing crimes. We have established policies and procedures that address major regulatory requirements, including the minimum internal control requirements which govern all of our gaming activities and such policies have been approved by and filed with the DICJ. A certificate was issued by the DICJ on November 23, 2011, which covers compliance with applicable Macau laws and regulations since the commencement of our subconcession contract on September 8, 2006.
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The Subconcession
The following is a summary of the material terms of Melco Crown Gamings subconcession contract with the Macau government and Wynn Macau. There are Chinese and Portuguese versions of the subconcession contract, each of which is an official document of equal authority. The following summary is based on an unofficial English translation of the official Portuguese version of the subconcession contract and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the two official versions of the subconcession contract themselves. We believe that the following summary of the subconcession contract reflects the material terms of the subconcession contract in all material respects. However, because of the difficulties inherent in translation, English may not precisely convey the nuances of the subconcession contract, and the English translation of the subconcession contract may imply meanings different from those embodied in the official documents. Moreover, the subconcession contract provides that all issues of interpretation will be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Macau courts.
The Concession Regime
The Macau government conducted an international tender process for gaming concessions in Macau in 2001, pursuant to its decision to develop Macaus gaming industry. As such, in accordance with the Macau Gaming Law and other relevant legislations, the Macau government granted three gaming concessions to Galaxy, SJM and Wynn Macau, respectively. Upon authorization by the Macau government, each of Galaxy, SJM and Wynn Macau subsequently entered into subconcession contracts with their respective subconcessionaires. These subconcessionaires were thus granted the right to operate casino games and other games of chance in Macau. No further granting of subconcessions is permitted unless specifically authorized by the Macau government. Though there are no restrictions on the number of casinos or gaming areas that may be operated under each concession or subconcession, Macau government approval is required for the commencement of operations of any casino or gaming area. As at November 23, 2011, we operated three of the 34 casinos or gaming areas in Macau, among which SJM operated 20, Galaxy operated six, VML operated three, and Wynn Macau and MGM Grand Paradise each operated one.
The subconcessionaires that entered into subconcession contracts with Wynn Macau, SJM and Galaxy are Melco Crown Gaming, MGM Grand Paradise and VML, respectively. These contracts provide for the terms and conditions of their subconcessions with their respective concessionaire, as authorized by and negotiated with the Macau government. Our subsidiary, Melco Crown Gaming, executed a subconcession contract with Wynn Macau on September 8, 2006. Wynn Macau will continue to develop and run hotel operations and casino projects independent of ours. If the Wynn Macau concession is terminated for any reason, the subconcession will remain in effect. See Regulations Gaming Regulations.
Details of the concessions and subconcessions are set forth below:
Concessionaire(1) |
SJM |
Galaxy |
Wynn Macau | |||
Committed investment of the concessionaire: |
MOP4.7 billion (US$0.6 billion) | MOP8.8 billion (US$1.1 billion) | MOP4.0 billion(2) (US$0.5 billion) | |||
Expiry date: |
March 31, 2020 | June 26, 2022 | June 26, 2022 | |||
Special levies: |
||||||
Contribution to a public foundation in Macau for promotion, development and study of culture, society, economy, education, science and charity events: |
1.6% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) | 1.6% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) | 1.6% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) | |||
Contribution to Macau government for urban development, tourism promotion and social security: |
1.4% of gross gaming revenue(5) | 2.4% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) | 2.4% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) | |||
Total: |
3.0% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) | 4.0% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) | 4.0% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) |
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Subconcessionaire |
MGM Grand Paradise |
VML |
Melco Crown Gaming | |||
Committed investment of the subconcessionaire: |
MOP4.0 billion (US$0.5 billion) | MOP4.4 billion (US$0.6 billion) | MOP4.0 billion(2)(6) (US$499.2 million) | |||
Expiry Date: |
March 31, 2020 | June 26, 2022 | June 26, 2022 | |||
Special levies: |
||||||
Contribution to a public foundation in Macau for promotion, development and study of culture, society, economy, education, science and charity events: |
1.6% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) | 1.6% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) | 1.6% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) | |||
Contribution to Macau government for urban development, tourism promotion and social security: |
2.4% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) | 2.4% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) | 2.4% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) | |||
Total: |
4.0% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) | 4.0% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) | 4.0% of gross gaming revenue(3)(4) |
Source: DICJ
Notes:
(1) | Pursuant to the Macau Gaming Law, the Macau government is precluded from granting more than three gaming concessions. The Macau government subsequently and successively authorized three subconcessions permitting each of Galaxy, SJM and Wynn Macau to enter into a subconcession contract with its respective subconcessionaire to operate casino games in Macau. |
(2) | Under the subconcession contract between Wynn Macau and Melco Crown Gaming, as authorized by the Macau government, Melco Crown Gaming is required to invest at least MOP4.0 billion in Macau for one resort-hotel-casino complex and a city club. |
(3) | The contribution percentages are subject to changes upon re-negotiation between the concessionaires or subconcessionaires and the Macau government. |
(4) | Gross gaming revenue is defined as all gaming revenue derived from casino or gaming areas. |
(5) | Under the concession contract between the Macau government and SJM, SJM agreed it would contribute only 1.4% of its gross gaming revenue, taking into consideration SJMs commitment to be jointly responsible with one of its controlling shareholders for Macaus navigation channel dredging service with the support of the corresponding consideration costs. There are no similar arrangements between the Macau government and the other two concessionaires. |
(6) | Under the subconcession contract, Melco Crown Gaming was responsible for investing MOP4.0 billion. In June 2010, the Macau government confirmed that as of that date, we have completed our committed investment. |
The following information in connection with contributions to the Macau government is common to all concessionaires and subconcessionaires:
Special gaming tax: |
35.0% of gross gaming revenue(1); plus | |
Annual gaming premium: |
MOP30 million (US$3.7 million) per annum fixed premium; MOP300,000 (US$37,437) per annum per VIP gaming table; MOP150,000 (US$18,719) per annum per mass market gaming table; and MOP1,000 (US$125) per annum per electric or mechanical gaming machine including slot machines. |
Source: DICJ
Note:
(1) | Gross gaming revenue is defined as all gaming revenue derived from casino or gaming areas. |
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The Subconcession Contract
The subconcession contract provides for the terms and conditions of the subconcession granted to Melco Crown Gaming (formerly known as PBL Diversões (Macau), S.A), by Wynn Macau. Melco Crown Gaming does not have the right to further grant a subconcession or transfer the operation to third parties, pursuant to the subconcession contract.
Melco Crown Gaming paid a consideration of US$900 million to Wynn Macau. In return, upon September 8, 2006, Melco Crown Gaming was granted the right to operate games of fortune and chance or other games in casinos in Macau, for a period of 16 years until the expiration of the subconcession on June 26, 2022. No further payments need to be made in future operations. The operation of gaming-related activities is also permitted, subject to the prior approval from the Macau government.
The Macau government has reconfirmed that the subconcession is independent of Wynn Macaus concession and that Melco Crown Gaming does not have any obligations to Wynn Macau pursuant to the subconcession contract. It is thus not affected by any modification, suspension, redemption, termination or rescission of Wynn Macaus concession. In addition, an early termination of Wynn Macaus concession before June 26, 2022, would not result in the termination of the subconcession. The subconcession was authorized and approved by Macau government. Our Macau legal advisor has advised us that, absent any change to Melco Crown Gamings legal status, rights, duties and obligations towards the Macau government or any change in applicable law, Melco Crown Gaming shall continue to be validly entitled to operate independently under and pursuant to the subconcession, notwithstanding the termination or rescission of Wynn Macaus concession, the insolvency of Wynn Macau and/or the replacement of Wynn Macau as concessionaire in the subconcession contract. The Macau government has a contractual obligation to the effect that, should Wynn Macau cease to hold the concession prior to June 26, 2022, the Macau government would replace Wynn Macau with another entity so as to ensure that Melco Crown Gaming may continue to operate games of chance and other games in casinos in Macau and the subconcession would at all times be under a concession. Both the Macau government and Wynn Macau has undertaken to cooperate with Melco Crown Gaming to ensure all the legal and contractual obligations are met.
A summary of the key terms of the subconcession contract is as follows:
Development of Gaming Projects/Financial Obligations
The subconcession contract requires us to make a minimum investment in Macau of MOP 4.0 billion (US$499.2 million), including investment in fully developing Altira Macau and the City of Dreams, by December 2010. In June 2010, we obtained confirmation from the Macau government that as of the date of the confirmation, we had invested over MOP 4.0 billion (US$499.2 million) in our projects in Macau.
Payments
In addition to the consideration paid to Wynn Macau and the annual fixed and variable premium due to the Macau government, the Macau government also has the power to supervise subconcessionaires in order to assure financial stability and capacity. The subconcession premiums and taxes, computed in various ways depending upon the type of gaming or activity involved, are payable to the Macau government. The method for computing these fees and taxes may be changed from time to time by the Macau government. Depending upon the particular fee or tax involved, these fees and taxes are payable either monthly or annually and are based upon either:
| a percentage of the gross revenues; or |
| the number and type of gaming devices operated. |
In addition to special gaming taxes of 35% of gross gaming revenue, we are also required to contribute to the Macau government an amount equivalent to 1.6% of the gross revenue of our gaming business. Such
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contribution must be delivered to a public foundation designated by the Macau government whose goal is to promote, develop or study culture, society, economy, education and science and engage in academic and charitable activities. Furthermore, we are also obligated to contribute to Macau an amount equivalent to 2.4% of the gross revenue of the gaming business for urban development, tourism promotion and the social security of Macau. We are required to collect and pay, through withholding, statutory taxes on commissions or other remunerations paid to gaming promoters.
Termination Rights
The Macau government has the right, after notifying Wynn Macau, to unilaterally terminate Melco Crown Gamings subconcession in the event of non-compliance by us with our basic obligations under the subconcession and applicable Macau laws. Termination of the subconcession contract may be enforced by agreement between Melco Crown Gaming and Wynn Macau, but is independent of Wynn Macaus concession. A mutual agreement between the Macau government and Melco Crown Gaming can also result in termination of the subconcession. Neither Melco Crown Gaming nor Wynn Macau is granted explicit rights of veto, or of prior consultation. The Macau government has the exclusive right to unilaterally rescind the subconcession contract upon the following termination events:
| the operation of gaming without permission or operation of business which does not fall within the business scope of the subconcession; |
| abandonment of approved business or suspension of operations of our gaming business in Macau without reasonable grounds for more than seven consecutive days or more than 14 non-consecutive days within one calendar year; |
| transfer of all or part of Melco Crown Gamings operation in Macau in violation of the relevant laws and administrative regulations governing the operation of games of fortune or chance and other casino games in Macau and without Macau government approval; |
| failure to pay taxes, premiums, levies or other amounts payable to the Macau government; |
| refusal or failure to resume operations following the temporary assumption of operations by the Macau government; |
| repeated opposition to the supervision and inspection by the Macau government and failure to comply with decisions and recommendations of the Macau government, especially those of the DICJ, applicable to us; |
| failure to provide or supplement the guarantee deposit or the guarantees specified in the subconcession within the prescribed period; |
| bankruptcy or insolvency of Melco Crown Gaming; |
| fraudulent activity harming the public interest; |
| serious and repeated violation of the applicable rules for carrying out casino games of chance or games of other forms or damage to the fairness of casino games of chance or games of other forms; |
| systematic non-compliance with the Macau Gaming Laws basic obligations; |
| the grant to any other person of any managing power over the gaming business of Melco Crown Gaming or the grant of a subconcession or entering into any agreement to the same effect; or |
| failure by a controlling shareholder in Melco Crown Gaming to dispose of its interest in Melco Crown Gaming, within 90 days from the date of the authorization given by the Macau government for such disposal, pursuant to written instructions received from the regulatory authority of a jurisdiction where the said shareholder is licensed to operate, which have had the effect that such controlling shareholder now wishes to dispose of the shares it owns in Melco Crown Gaming. |
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These events could lead to the termination of Melco Crown Gamings subconcession without compensation to us regardless of whether any such event occurred with respect to us or with respect to our designated subsidiaries which will operate our Macau project including Altira Developments, Altira Hotel and Melco Crown (COD) Developments. Based on information from the Macau government, proposed amendments to the legislation with regard to reversion of casino premises are being considered. We expect that if such amendments take effect, on termination of Melco Crown Gamings subconcession only that portion of casino premises within our developments as then designated with the approval of the Macau government, including all gaming equipment, would revert to the Macau government automatically without compensation to us. Until such amendments come into effect upon such termination, all of our casino premises and gaming equipment would revert automatically without compensation to us and we would cease to generate any revenues from these operations. In many of these instances, the subconcession contract does not provide a specific cure period within which any such events may be cured and, instead, we may be dependent on consultations and negotiations with the Macau government to give us an opportunity to remedy any such default.
Ownership and Capitalization
Set out below are the key terms in relation to ownership and capitalization under the subconcession contract:
| any person who directly acquires voting rights in Melco Crown Gaming will be subject to authorization from the Macau government; |
| Melco Crown Gaming will be required to take the necessary measures to ensure that any person who directly or indirectly acquires more than 5% of the shares in Melco Crown Gaming would be subject to authorization from the Macau government, except when such acquisition is wholly made through the shares of publicly listed companies; |
| any person who directly or indirectly acquires more than 5% of the shares in Melco Crown Gaming will be required to report the acquisition to the Macau government (except when such acquisition is wholly made through shares tradable on a stock exchange as a publicly listed company); |
| the Macau governments prior approval would be required for any recapitalization plan of Melco Crown Gaming; and |
| the Chief Executive of Macau could require the increase of Melco Crown Gamings share capital if he deemed it necessary. |
Under the authorization for the transfer of obligations, the Macau government has imposed that the transfer of shares in any direct or indirect shareholders of Altira Hotel, Altira Developments and Melco Crown (COD) Developments is subject to authorization from the Macau government. However, such restriction must be interpreted so as to grant the Macau government a level of control over the transfer of shares of Altira Hotel, Altira Developments and Melco Crown (COD) Developments similar to the one that would apply to Melco Crown Gaming under the subconcession contract and applicable laws and regulations, as described above.
Redemption
Under the subconcession contract, beginning in 2017, the Macau government has the right to redeem the subconcession contract by providing us with at least one years prior notice. In the event the Macau government exercises this redemption right, we would be entitled to fair compensation or indemnity. The standards for the calculation of the amount of such compensation or indemnity would be determined based on the gross revenue generated by City of Dreams during the tax year immediately prior to the redemption, multiplied by the remaining term of the subconcession. We would not receive any further compensation (including for consideration paid to Wynn Macau for the subconcession).
Others
In addition, the subconcession contract contains various general covenants and obligations and other provisions, with respect to which the determination as to compliance is subjective. For example, compliance with general and special duties of cooperation, special duties of information, and with obligations foreseen for the execution of our investment plan may be subjective.
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The subconcession contract provides for the following:
| a special duty of cooperation which requires Melco Crown Gaming to make immediately available to the government any document, information or data which the government may consider necessary for its continuing monitoring of Melco Crown Gamings suitability; |
| a similar duty of cooperation applies to any document, information or data which the government may consider necessary for its continuing monitoring of Melco Crown Gamings financial capacity; |
| that, in the execution of its investment obligations, Melco Crown Gaming deploys qualified manpower and observes internationally accepted standards in construction and, in maintaining the properties that materialize the investment obligations, manages and keeps the properties in accordance with high international standards, promptly informs the government of any situations that may affect significantly the operation of the properties or of Melco Crown Gamings activities, |
| a special duty of cooperation which requires Melco Crown Gaming to make available to the government any data and information which the government may request with respect to its accounts; |
| a general duty of cooperation and, in this context, a requirement for Melco Crown Gaming to make available to the government any documents and information; |
| the obligation for Melco Crown Gaming to ensure the normal functioning of its casinos and require any parties performing work or providing services to Melco Crown Gaming to observe rules of good organization and functioning; |
| that Melco Crown Gaming may not engage in concerted practices with other gaming concessionaires or gaming managing companies that are likely to impede, restrict or disable fair competition. |
For the relevant period of inquiry from September 8, 2006 until November 23, 2011, according to our Macau counsel and the confirmation obtained from DICJ dated November 23, 2011, Melco Crown Gaming had complied with all covenants and obligations as a gaming subconcessionaire in Macau.
Based on (i) the DICJs confirmation dated November 23, 2011, which confirmed full compliance by Melco Crown Gaming with all its obligations under the subconcession contract, all applicable gaming laws and regulations in force in Macau, and all laws and regulations related to AML and the prevention of financing of terrorism activities applicable and in force in Macau; (ii) due inquiry of Melco Crown Gamings AML legal and regulatory framework; (iii) examination of the agreements executed between Melco Crown Gaming and its seven largest gaming promoters which were selected to cover approximately 30% of the total gross gaming revenue of Melco Crown Gaming in 2010, as well as random sample of Melco Crown Gamings agreements with its remaining gaming promoters; and (iv) the non-existence of apparent investigations by the DICJ in relation to non-compliance by Melco Crown Gaming or any gaming promoter engaging in business activities with Melco Crown Gaming, we confirm, having obtained the advice of our Macau legal advisor, that Melco Crown Gaming is in compliance with its obligations as subconcessionnaire, which include compliance with AML legal and regulatory framework requirements and the relevant laws relating to Melco Crown Gamings business operations with its gaming promoters. We are of the view that the selection basis of the seven largest gaming promoters is reasonable and sufficient for the above purpose. In addition, Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu has assessed the control procedures on reporting the practice of criminal activities, including money laundering, by our gaming promoters and has concluded that nothing has come to its attention that caused it to believe that Melco Crown Gamings AML control procedures did not comply in all material respects with the applicable AML statutes and guidelines in Macau for the period from January 1, 2011 to May 31, 2011.
There are no renewal conditions imposed under the subconcession contract. However, the Macau government may impose new conditions for renewal. See Risk Factors Risks Relating to the Gaming Industry in Macau Melco Crown Gamings subconcession contract expires in 2022 and if we were unable to secure an extension of its subconcession in 2022 or if the Macau government were to exercise its redemption right in 2017, we would be unable to operate casino gaming in Macau.
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We are a Cayman Islands exempted company with limited liability and our affairs are governed by our memorandum and articles of association, as amended and restated from time to time, and the Companies Law (as amended) of the Cayman Islands.
As of the date hereof, our authorized share capital consists of 7,300,000,000 ordinary shares, with a par value of US$0.01 each. On December 1, 2006, the issued 200 Class A shares, the issued 200 Class B shares and all unissued Class A shares and Class B shares were re-designated and re-classified as ordinary shares and an aggregate of 999,999,600 ordinary shares were issued to our shareholders pursuant to a capitalization issue. As of the date of this prospectus, there are 1,653,101,002 ordinary shares issued and outstanding.
Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association were adopted pursuant to a shareholders resolution passed on October 6, 2011 and will become effective upon our listing on the HKSE. The following are summaries of material provisions of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association and the Companies Law insofar as they relate to the material terms of our ordinary shares.
Ordinary Shares
General
All of our outstanding ordinary shares are fully paid and non-assessable. Some of the ordinary shares are issued in registered form only and no share certificates were issued. Our shareholders who are non-residents of the Cayman Islands may freely hold and vote their ordinary shares.
Dividends
Subject to the Companies Law, we in general meeting may declare dividends in any currency to be paid to the shareholders but no dividend shall be declared in excess of the amount recommended by our board.
Dividends may be declared and paid out of the profits of our company, realized or unrealized, or from any reserve set aside from profits which our board determines is no longer needed. With the sanction of an ordinary resolution dividends may also be declared and paid out of share premium account or any other fund or account which can be authorized for this purpose in accordance with the Companies Law.
Voting Rights
Each ordinary share is entitled to one vote on all matters upon which the ordinary shares are entitled to vote. Voting at any meeting of shareholders is by poll. A poll shall be taken in such manner as the chairman of the meeting directs, and the result of the poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the meeting. We shall only be required to disclose the voting figures on a poll if such disclosure is required by the listing rules of the HKSE.
A quorum required for a meeting of shareholders consists one or more of shareholders who hold at least one-third of our ordinary shares at the meeting present in person or by proxy or, if a corporation or other non-natural person, by its duly authorized representative. Shareholders meetings are held annually and may be convened by our board on its own initiative or upon a request to the directors by shareholders holding in aggregate at least ten percent of our ordinary shares. Advance notice of at least seven days is required for the convening of our annual general meeting and other shareholders meetings.
An ordinary resolution to be passed by the shareholders requires the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the votes attaching to the ordinary shares cast in a general meeting, while a special resolution requires the
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affirmative vote of not less than three-fourths of the votes cast attaching to the ordinary shares if the listing rules of the HKSE apply, or not less than two-thirds of the votes cast attaching to the ordinary shares if the listing rules of the HKSE do not apply. A special resolution will be required for important matters such as a change of name or making changes to our memorandum and articles of association.
Transfer of Ordinary Shares
Subject to the restrictions of our articles of association, as applicable, any of our shareholders may transfer all or any of his or her ordinary shares by an instrument of transfer in the usual or common form or any other form approved by our board.
Our board may, in its absolute discretion, decline to register any transfer of any ordinary share which is not fully paid up or on which we have a lien. Our directors may also decline to register any transfer of any ordinary share unless:
| the instrument of transfer is lodged with us, accompanied by the certificate for the ordinary shares to which it relates and such other evidence as our board may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer; |
| the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of ordinary shares; |
| the instrument of transfer is properly stamped, if required; |
| in the case of a transfer to joint holders, the number of joint holders to whom the ordinary share is to be transferred does not exceed four; or |
| the ordinary shares transferred are free of any lien in favor of us; or |
| a fee of such maximum as the HKSE may from time to time determine to the payable (or such lesser sum as the directors may from time to time require) is paid to us in respect thereof. |
If our directors refuse to register a transfer they shall, within two months after the date on which the instrument of transfer was lodged, send to each of the transferor and the transferee notice of such refusal. The registration of transfers may, on 14 days notice being given by advertisement in such one or more newspapers or by electronic means, be suspended and the register closed at such times and for such periods as our board may from time to time determine, provided, however, that the registration of transfers shall not be suspended nor the register closed for more than 30 days in any year.
Liquidation
On a return of capital on winding up or otherwise (other than on conversion, redemption or purchase of ordinary shares), assets available for distribution among the holders of ordinary shares shall be distributed among the holders of the ordinary shares on a pro rata basis. If our assets available for distribution are insufficient to repay all of the paid-up capital, the assets will be distributed so that the losses are borne by our shareholders proportionately.
Calls on Ordinary Shares and Forfeiture of Ordinary Shares
Our board may from time to time make calls upon shareholders for any amounts unpaid on their ordinary shares in a notice served to such shareholders at least 14 days prior to the specified time and place of payment. The ordinary shares that have been called upon and remain unpaid on the specified time are subject to forfeiture.
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Redemption of Ordinary Shares
Subject to the provisions of the Companies Law, we may issue shares on terms that are subject to redemption, at our option or at the option of the holders, on such terms and in such manner as the directors may determine.
Prohibitions on the Receipt of Dividends, the Exercise of Voting or Other Rights or the Receipt of Other Remuneration
Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association prohibit anyone who is an unsuitable person or an affiliate of an unsuitable person from:
| receiving dividends or interest with regard to our shares; |
| exercising voting or other rights conferred by our shares; and |
| receiving any remuneration in any form from us or an affiliated company for services rendered or otherwise. |
Such unsuitable person or its affiliate must sell all of the shares, or allow us to redeem or repurchase the shares on such terms and manner as the directors may determine and agree with the shareholders, within such period of time as specified by a Gaming Authority.
These prohibitions commence on the date that a gaming authority serves notice of a determination of unsuitability or our board determines that a person or its affiliate is unsuitable and continue until the securities are owned or controlled by persons found suitable by a gaming authority and/or our board to own them. An unsuitable person is any person who is determined by a gaming authority to be unsuitable to own or control any of our shares or who causes us or any affiliated company to lose or to be threatened with the loss of any gaming license, or who, in the sole discretion of our board, is deemed likely to jeopardize our or any of our affiliates application for, receipt of approval for right to the use of, or entitlement to, any gaming license.
Gaming authorities include all international, foreign, federal, state, local and other regulatory and licensing bodies and agencies with authority over gaming (the conduct of gaming and gambling activities, or the use of gaming devices, equipment and supplies in the operation of a casino or other enterprise). Affiliated companies are those companies indirectly affiliated or under common ownership or control with us, including without limitation, subsidiaries, holding companies and intermediary companies (as those terms are defined in gaming laws of applicable gaming jurisdictions) that are registered or licensed under applicable gaming laws. The amended and restated memorandum and articles of association define ownership or control to mean ownership of record, beneficial ownership as defined in Rule 13d-3 of the Securities and Exchange Commission or the power to direct and manage, by agreement, contract, agency or other manner, the management or policies of a person or the disposition of our capital stock.
Redemption of Securities Owned or Controlled by an Unsuitable Person or an Affiliate
Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association provide that shares owned or controlled by an unsuitable person or an affiliate of an unsuitable person are redeemable by us, out of funds legally available for that redemption, by appropriate action of our board to the extent required by the gaming authorities making the determination of unsuitability or to the extent deemed necessary or advisable. From and after the redemption date, the securities will not be considered outstanding and all rights of the unsuitable person or affiliate will cease, other than the right to receive the redemption price. The redemption price will be the price, if any, required to be paid by the gaming authority making the finding of unsuitability or, if the gaming authority does not require a price to be paid, the sum deemed to be the fair value of the securities by our board. If determined by us, the price for the shares will not exceed the closing price per share of the shares on the principal
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national securities exchange on which the shares are then listed on the trading date on the day before the redemption notice is given. If the shares are not then listed, the redemption price will not exceed the closing sales price of the shares as quoted on an automated quotation system, or if the closing price is not then reported, the mean between the bid and asked prices, as quoted by any other generally recognized reporting system. Our right of redemption is not exclusive of any other rights that we may have or later acquire under any agreement, its bylaws or otherwise. The redemption price may be paid in cash, by promissory note, or both, as required by the applicable gaming authority and, if not, as we elect.
Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association require any unsuitable person and any affiliate of an unsuitable person to indemnify us and our affiliated companies for any and all costs, including attorneys fees, incurred by us and our affiliated companies as a result of the unsuitable persons or affiliates ownership or control or failure to promptly divest itself of any shares, securities of or interests in us.
Variations of Rights of Shares
All or any of the special rights attached to any class of shares may, subject to the provisions of the Companies Law, be varied or abrogated either with the written consent of the holders of not less than two-thirds in nominal value of the issued shares of that class or with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a general meeting of the holders of the shares of that class.
Inspection of Books and Records
Any branch register kept in Hong Kong shall during normal business hours (subject to such reasonable restrictions as our board may impose) be open to inspection by a shareholder without charge and any other person on payment of such fee not exceeding HK$2.50 (or such higher amount as may from time to time be permitted under the listing rules of the HKSE) as our board may determine for each inspection. In addition, we will provide our shareholders with annual audited financial statements. See Where You Can Find More Information.
Changes in Capital
We may from time to time by ordinary resolution:
| increase the share capital by such sum, to be divided into shares of such classes and amount, as the resolution shall prescribe; |
| consolidate and divide all or any of our share capital into shares of a larger amount than our existing shares; |
| convert all or any of our paid-up shares into stock and reconvert that stock into paid up shares of any denomination; |
| sub-divide our existing shares, or any of them, into shares of a smaller amount provided that in the subdivision the proportion between the amount paid and the amount, if any, unpaid on each reduced share shall be the same as it was in case of the share from which the reduced share is derived; |
| cancel any shares which, at the date of the passing of the resolution, have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any person and diminish the amount of our share capital by the amount of the shares so cancelled. |
We may by special resolution reduce our share capital and any capital redemption reserve in any manner authorized by law.
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Accounts and Audit
No shareholder (other than a director) shall have any right to inspect any of our accounting record or book or document except as conferred by law or authorized by our board or our company in general meeting.
A copy of every balance sheet and profit and loss account (including every document required by law to be annexed thereto) which is to be laid before us at our general meeting, together with a printed copy of our boards report and a copy of the auditors report, shall not less than twenty-one days before the date of the meeting and at the same time as the notice of annual general meeting be sent to every person entitled to receive notices of our general meetings under the provisions of the articles of association; however, subject to compliance with all applicable laws, We may send to such persons a summary financial statement derived from our annual accounts and our boards report instead provided that any such person may by notice in writing served on our company, demand that we send to him, in addition to a summary financial statement, a complete printed copy of our annual financial statement and our boards report thereon.
Auditors shall be appointed and the terms and tenure of such appointment and their duties at all times regulated in accordance with the provisions of the articles of association. The remuneration of the auditors shall be fixed by our company in general meeting or in such manner as the shareholders may determine.
Our financial statements shall be audited by the auditor in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. The auditor shall make a written report thereon in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and the report of the auditor shall be submitted to the shareholders in general meeting. The generally accepted auditing standards referred to herein may be those of a country or jurisdiction other than the Cayman Islands. If so, the financial statements and the report of the auditor should disclose this fact and name such country or jurisdiction.
Differences in Corporate Law
The Companies Law is modeled after that of English law but does not follow many recent English law statutory enactments. In addition, the Companies Law differs from laws applicable to United States corporations and their shareholders. Set forth below is a summary of the significant differences between the provisions of the Companies Law applicable to us and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the United States and their shareholders.
Mergers and Similar Arrangements
The Companies Law provides that any two or more Cayman Islands companies limited by shares (other than segregated portfolio companies) may merge or consolidate in accordance with the Companies Law. The Companies Law also allows one or more Cayman Islands companies to merge or consolidate with one or more foreign companies (provided that the laws of the foreign jurisdiction permit such merger or consolidation).
To effect a merger or consolidation of one or more Cayman Islands companies, the board of directors of each constituent company must approve a written plan of merger or consolidation in accordance with the Companies Law. The plan must then be authorized by each constituent company by a special resolution of shareholders, and such other authorization, if any, as may be specified in such constituent companys articles of association.
Where a Cayman Islands parent is merging with one or more of its Cayman Islands subsidiaries, a special resolution of the shareholders of each constituent company is not required if a copy of the plan of merger is given to every member of each subsidiary company to be merged, unless that member agrees otherwise.
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To effect a merger or consolidation of one or more Cayman Islands companies with one or more foreign companies, in addition to the approval requirements applicable to the merger or consolidation of Cayman Islands companies (in relation to the Cayman Islands companies only), the merger or consolidation must also be effected in compliance with the constitutional documents of, and laws of the foreign jurisdiction applicable to, the foreign companies.
Shareholders Suits
We are not aware of any reported class action or derivative action having been brought in a Cayman Islands court. In principle, we will normally be the proper plaintiff and a derivative action may not be brought by a minority shareholder. However, based on English authorities, which would in all likelihood be of persuasive authority in the Cayman Islands, there are exceptions to the foregoing principle, including when:
| a company acts or proposes to act illegally or ultra vires; |
| the act complained of, although not ultra vires, required a special resolution, which was not obtained; and |
| those who control our company are perpetrating a fraud on the minority. |
Indemnification of Directors and Executive Officers and Limitation of Liability
Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a companys articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association permit indemnification of officers and directors for losses, damages, costs and expenses incurred in their capacities as such unless such losses or damages arise from dishonesty, fraud or default of such directors or officers. This standard of conduct is generally the same as permitted under the Delaware General Corporation Law to a Delaware corporation. In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and senior executive officers that provide such persons with additional indemnification beyond that provided in our second amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the U.S. Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers or persons controlling us under the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the U.S. Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable as a matter of United States law.
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The following table summarizes significant differences in shareholder rights between the provisions of the Companies Law of Cayman Islands applicable to our company and the Delaware General Corporation Law applicable to most companies incorporated in Delaware and their shareholders. Please note that this is only a general summary of provisions applicable to companies in Delaware. Certain Delaware companies may be permitted to exclude certain of the provisions summarized below in their charter documents.
Delaware corporate law | Cayman Islands law | |
Mergers and similar arrangements | ||
Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, with certain exceptions, a merger, consolidation, exchange or sale of all or substantially all the assets of a corporation must be approved by the board of directors and a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote thereon. A shareholder of a Delaware corporation participating in certain major corporate transactions may, under certain circumstances, be entitled to appraisal rights pursuant to which such shareholder may receive cash in the amount of the fair value of the shares held by such shareholder (as determined by a court) in lieu of the consideration such shareholder would otherwise receive in the transaction. The Delaware General Corporation Law also provides that a parent corporation, by resolution of its board of directors, may merge with any subsidiary, of which it owns at least 90% of each class of capital stock without a vote by stockholders of such subsidiary. Upon any such merger, dissenting shareholders of the subsidiary would have appraisal rights. | The Cayman Companies Law provides that any two or more Cayman Islands companies limited by shares (other than segregated portfolio companies) may merge or consolidate in accordance with the Cayman Companies Law. The Cayman Companies Law also allows one or more Cayman Islands companies to merge or consolidate with one or more foreign companies (provided that the laws of the foreign jurisdiction permit such merger or consolidation).
To effect a merger or consolidation the directors of each constituent company must approve a written plan of merger or consolidation in accordance with the Cayman Companies Law. The plan must then be authorized by each constituent company by a shareholder resolution by a special resolution, and such other authorization, if any, as may be specified in each constituent companys articles of association. | |
Where a parent is merging with one or more of its Cayman Islands subsidiaries, a special resolution of shareholders of each constituent company is not required if a copy of the plan of merger is given to every member of each subsidiary company to be merged, unless that member agrees otherwise. | ||
Upon any such merger or consolidation, dissenting shareholders would have the right to receive fair value for their shares. |
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Delaware corporate law | Cayman Islands law | |
Shareholders suits | ||
Class actions and derivative actions generally are available to shareholders of a Delaware corporation for, among other things, breach of fiduciary duty, corporate waste and actions not taken in accordance with applicable law. In such actions, the court generally has discretion to permit the winning party to recover attorneys fees incurred in connection with such action. | We are not aware of any reported class action or derivative action having been brought in a Cayman Islands court. In principle, the company itself will normally be the proper plaintiff in actions against directors, and derivative actions may only be brought by a minority shareholder with the leave of the court. Based on English authorities, which would in all likelihood be of persuasive (but not technically binding) authority in the Cayman Islands, leave may be granted, for example, when: | |
a company acts or proposes to act illegally or ultra vires and not capable for ratification by the majority; | ||
the act complained of, although not ultra vires, required a special resolution, which was not obtained; | ||
those who control the company are perpetrating a fraud on the minority; and | ||
the company has not complied with provisions requiring that the relevant act be approved by a special or extraordinary majority of the shareholders. | ||
However, a company may be wound up by the court on the petition of a shareholder if the court is of the opinion that it is just and equitable that the company should be wound up. | ||
In addition, a shareholder may bring a personal action in his own name and on his own behalf in respect of a wrong done to him as a shareholder by the company. For example, he may bring a personal action against the company for being prevented from exercising his voting rights or deprived of the benefit of a pre-emption clause. |
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Delaware corporate law | Cayman Islands law | |
Indemnification of directors and executive officers and limitation of liability
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The Delaware General Corporation Law provides that a certificate of incorporation may contain a provision eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors to the corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of a fiduciary duty as a director, except no provision in the certificate of incorporation may eliminate or limit the liability of a director:
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Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a companys articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against the consequences of committing a crime. Our articles of association permit indemnification of officers and directors for losses, damages, costs charges, liabilities, and expenses incurred in their capacities as such unless such losses or damages arise from dishonesty, wilful default or fraud of such directors or officers. In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and senior executive officers that provide such persons with additional indemnification beyond that provided in our articles of association. | |
for any breach of a directors duty of loyalty to the corporation or its shareholders;
for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;
statutory liability for unlawful payment of dividends or unlawful stock purchase or redemption; or
for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.
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A Delaware corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any proceeding, other than an action by or on behalf of the corporation, because the person is or was a director or officer, against liability incurred in connection with the proceeding if:
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the director or officer acted in good faith and in a manner reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the corporation; and |
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the director or officer, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful. |
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Unless ordered by a court, any foregoing indemnification is subject to a determination that the director or officer has met the applicable standard of conduct:
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by a majority vote of the directors who are not parties to the proceeding, even though less than a quorum;
by a committee of directors designated by a majority vote of the eligible directors, even though less than a quorum;
by independent legal counsel in a written opinion if there are no eligible directors, or if the eligible directors so direct; or |
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Delaware corporate law | Cayman Islands law | |
by the stockholders. |
||
Moreover, a Delaware corporation may not indemnify a director or officer in connection with any proceeding in which the director or officer has been adjudged to be liable to the corporation unless and only to the extent that the court determines that, despite the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, the director or officer is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnity for those expenses which the court deems proper. | ||
Directors fiduciary duties | ||
A director of a Delaware corporation has a fiduciary duty to the corporation and its shareholders. This duty has two components:
the duty of care; and
the duty of loyalty.
The duty of care requires that a director act in good faith, with the care that an ordinarily prudent person would exercise under similar circumstances. Under this duty, a director must inform himself of, and disclose to shareholders, all material information reasonably available regarding a significant transaction. The duty of loyalty requires that a director act in a manner he reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the corporation. He must not use his corporate position for personal gain or advantage. This duty prohibits self-dealing by a director and mandates that the best interest of the corporation and its shareholders take precedence over any interest possessed by a director, officer or controlling shareholder and not shared by the shareholders generally. In general, actions of a director are presumed to have been made on an informed basis, in good faith and in the honest belief that the action taken was in the best interests of the corporation. |
A director of a Cayman Islands company is in the position of a fiduciary with respect to the company and therefore it is considered that he owes the following duties to the company:
a duty to act bona fide in the best interests of the company, a duty not to act illegally or beyond the scope of his powers; and a duty not to put himself in a position where there is an actual or potential conflict between his personal interest and his duty to the company.
A director of a Cayman Islands company owes to the company a duty to act with skill and care. It was previously considered that a director need not exhibit in the performance of his duties a greater degree of skill than may reasonably be expected from a person of his knowledge and experience. However, English and Commonwealth courts have moved towards an objective standard with regard to the required skill and care and these authorities are likely to be followed in the Cayman Islands. | |
However, this presumption may be rebutted by evidence of a breach of one of the fiduciary duties. Should such evidence be presented concerning a transaction by a director, a director must prove the procedural fairness of the transaction, and that the transaction was of fair value to the corporation. |
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Delaware corporate law | Cayman Islands law | |
Shareholder action by written consent | ||
A Delaware corporation may eliminate the right of shareholders to act by written consent by amendment to its certificate of incorporation. | Cayman Islands law and our articles of association provide that shareholders may approve corporate matters by way of a unanimous written resolution signed by or on behalf of each shareholder who would have been entitled to vote on such matter at a general meeting without a meeting being held. | |
Shareholder proposals | ||
A shareholder of a Delaware corporation has the right to put any proposal before the annual meeting of shareholders, provided it complies with the notice provisions in the governing documents. A special meeting may be called by the board of directors or any other person authorized to do so in the governing documents, but shareholders may be precluded from calling special meetings. | Our articles of association allow our shareholders holding not less than 10% of the paid up voting share capital of the company to requisition a shareholders meeting. As an exempted Cayman Islands company, we are not obliged by law to call shareholders annual general meetings. However, our articles of association require us to hold a general meeting as our annual meeting in each year. | |
Cumulative voting | ||
Under the Delaware General Corporate Law, cumulative voting for elections of directors is not permitted unless the corporations certificate of incorporation specifically provides for it. Cumulative voting potentially facilitates the representation of minority shareholders on a board of directors since it permits the minority shareholder to cast all the votes to which the shareholder is entitled on a single director, which increases the shareholders voting power with respect to electing such director. | Cumulative voting is not prohibited under Cayman Islands law. However, our articles of association will not provide for cumulative voting. As a result, our shareholders are not afforded any less protections or rights on this issue than shareholders of a Delaware corporation. | |
Removal of directors | ||
A Delaware corporation with a classified board may be removed only for cause with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. | Under our articles of association, our directors can be removed by a resolution passed by simple a majority of our shareholders entitled to vote or vote in person or by proxy, cast at a general meeting, or the unanimous written resolution of all shareholders entitled to vote at a general meeting, or upon written notice by the shareholder who nominated such director any time. |
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Delaware corporate law | Cayman Islands law | |
Transactions with interested Shareholders | ||
The Delaware General Corporation Law contains a business combination statute applicable to Delaware public corporations whereby, unless the corporation has specifically elected not to be governed by such statute by amendment to its certificate of incorporation, it is prohibited from engaging in certain business combinations with an interested shareholder for three years following the date that such person becomes an interested shareholder. An interested shareholder generally is a person or group who or which owns or owned 15% or more of the targets outstanding voting stock within the past three years. This has the effect of limiting the ability of a potential acquirer to make a two-tiered bid for the target in which all shareholders would not be treated equally. The statute does not apply if, among other things, prior to the date on which such shareholder becomes an interested shareholder, the board of directors approves either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the person becoming an interested shareholder. This encourages any potential acquirer of a Delaware public corporation to negotiate the terms of any acquisition transaction with the targets board of directors. | Cayman Islands law has no comparable statute. As a result, we cannot avail ourselves of the types of protections afforded by the Delaware business combination statute. However, although Cayman Islands law does not regulate transactions between a company and its significant shareholders, it does provide that such transactions must be entered into bona fide in the best interests of the company and not with the effect of constituting a fraud on the minority shareholders. | |
Dissolution; Winding up | ||
Unless the board of directors of a Delaware corporation approves the proposal to dissolve, dissolution must be approved by shareholders holding 100% of the total voting power of the corporation. Only if the dissolution is initiated by the board of directors may it be approved by a simple majority of the corporations outstanding shares. Delaware law allows a Delaware corporation to include in its certificate of incorporation a supermajority voting requirement in connection with dissolutions initiated by the board. | Under the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands and our articles of association, our company may be wound up by the court or be wound up voluntarily by a special resolution except where the company is to be wound up voluntarily because it is unable to pay its debts as they full due, in which case the company may be wound up by an ordinary resolution of our shareholders entitled to vote in person or by proxy at a meeting or the unanimous written resolution of all shareholders. | |
Variation of rights of shares | ||
A Delaware corporation may vary the rights of a class of shares with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares of such class, unless the certificate of incorporation provides the otherwise. | Under our articles of association, if our share capital is divided into more than one class of shares, we may vary or abrogate the rights attached to any class only with the unanimous written consent of the holders of the issued shares of that class, or with the sanction of a resolution passed by at least two-thirds of the holders of the shares of the class present in person or by proxy at a separate general meeting of the holders of the shares of that class. |
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Delaware corporate law | Cayman Islands law | |
Amendment of governing documents | ||
A Delaware corporations governing documents may be amended with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides the otherwise. | As permitted by Cayman Islands law, our articles of association may only be amended by a special resolution passed by our shareholders entitled to vote and vote in person or by proxy at a meeting or the unanimous written resolution of all shareholders. | |
Inspection of Books and Records | ||
Shareholders of a Delaware corporation have the right during the usual hours for business to inspect for any proper purpose, and to obtain copies of list(s) of stockholders and other books and records of the corporation and its subsidiaries, if any, to the extent the books and records of such subsidiaries are available to the corporation. | Under the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands, holders of our shares will have no general right to inspect or obtain copies of our list of shareholders or our corporate records. However, our articles of association provide that we will provide our shareholders with audited financial statements at annual general meetings. |
History of Securities Issuances
The following is a summary of our securities issuances since our inception.
In December 2004, one Class A share was issued by the operation of law on the registration of our Company to Elisa Gatti, as a subscriber, be regarded as being fully paid. On December 20, 2004, Elisa Gatti transferred the Class A share to Melco. In January 2005, Melco transferred its Class A share and we issued 99 additional shares in March 2005, to Melco Leisure, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Melco. In March 2005, we issued 100 Class B shares, all of which are outstanding, to PBL Asia Investments Ltd (now known as Crown Asia Investments), a company which is wholly-owned by Crown. In September 2006, we issued an additional 100 Class A shares and 100 Class B shares to Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments, respectively.
On December 1, 2006, the issued 200 Class A shares, the issued 200 Class B shares and all unissued Class A shares and Class B shares were re-designated and re-classified as ordinary shares and an aggregate of 999,999,600 ordinary shares were issued to our shareholders for no additional consideration.
On December 18, 2006, we issued 60,250,000 ADSs, representing 180,750,000 ordinary shares, in our initial public offering. In addition, our company issued 60,382 ADSs, representing 181,146 ordinary shares, to Melcos shareholders as an assured entitlements distribution. In January 2007, the underwriters for our initial public offering exercised their over-allotment option to purchase 9,037,500 additional ADSs.
On November 6, 2007, we issued 37,500,000 ADSs, representing 112,500,000 ordinary shares, in our follow-on offering.
In connection with our companys restricted shares granted under the 2006 Share Incentive Plan, 395,256 ordinary shares were vested and issued during the year ended December 31, 2007.
In connection with our companys restricted shares granted under the 2006 Share Incentive Plan, 226,317 ordinary shares were vested and issued during the year ended December 31, 2008.
In connection with our companys share options granted under the 2006 Share Incentive Plan, our company issued 385,180 ordinary shares to its depositary bank for issuance to employees upon their future exercise of vested share options during the year ended December 31, 2008. As of December 31, 2008, none of these ordinary shares have been issued to employees and the balance of 385,180 ordinary shares continue to be held by our company for future issuance.
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On May 1, 2009, we issued 22,500,000 ADSs and 67,500,000 ordinary shares, representing a total of 135,000,000 ordinary shares, in our follow-on offering.
On August 18, 2009, we issued 42,718,445 ADSs, representing 128,155,335 ordinary shares, in our follow-on offering.
In connection with our companys restricted shares granted under the 2006 Share Incentive Plan, 8,297,110 ordinary shares were vested and issued during the year ended December 31, 2009.
Our company issued 2,614,706 ordinary shares to its depositary bank for issuance to employees upon future vesting of restricted shares during the year ended December 31, 2009, and 2,528,319 of these ordinary shares have been issued to employees upon vesting of restricted shares during the year ended December 31, 2009. As of December 31, 2009, the balance of 471,567 ordinary shares continues to be held by our company for future issuance.
On May 17, 2010, MCE Finance issued US$600,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 10.25% Senior Notes due 2018.
In connection with our companys restricted shares granted under the 2006 Share Incentive Plan, 1,254,920 ordinary shares were vested and issued during the year ended December 31, 2010.
Our company issued 8,785,641 ordinary shares to its depositary bank for issuance to employees upon their future vesting of restricted shares and exercise of share options during the year ended December 31, 2010, and 43,737 and 804,285 of these ordinary shares have been issued to employees upon vesting of restricted shares and exercise of share options, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2010. As of December 31, 2010, the balance of 8,409,186 ordinary shares continue to be held by our company for future issuance.
On May 9, 2011, we issued RMB2.3 billion (US$353.3 million) aggregate principal amount of 3.75% bonds due 2013 and listed on the Official List of SGX-ST, and on May 20, 2011, we entered into the deposit-linked loan for HK$2.7 billion (US$353.3 million), which is secured by a deposit of RMB2.3 billion (US$353.3 million) principally funded by the net proceeds of the RMB Bonds.
In connection with our companys restricted shares granted under the 2006 Share Incentive Plan, 310,575 ordinary shares were vested and issued during the six months ended June 30, 2011.
Our company issued 931,746 ordinary shares to its depositary bank for issuance to employees upon their future vesting of restricted shares and exercise of share options during the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 79,788 and 3,439,650 of the ordinary shares from its depositary bank have been issued to employees upon vesting of restricted shares and exercise of share options, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2011. As of June 30, 2011, the balance of 5,821,494 ordinary shares continue to be held by our company for future issuance.
Pursuant to the loan capitalization agreement dated November 18, 2011, between our company, Melco Leisure and Crown Asia Investments, the aggregate balance of outstanding shareholder loans from our controlling shareholders of approximately US$115.6 million were converted into a total of 40,211,930 ordinary shares on November 29, 2011.
Registration Rights
We entered into a registration rights agreement on December 11, 2006 with Melco and Crown pursuant to which we granted Melco and Crown customary registration rights, including demand registration rights, piggyback registration rights and Form F-3 registration rights.
We have entered into a registration rights agreement dated August 30, 2007, pursuant to which we have granted certain registration rights to holders of US$250 million exchangeable bonds due 2012 issued by Melco PBL SPV Limited (which is now known as Melco Crown SPV Limited). A registration statement on Form F-3 has been filed to satisfy our obligations under this registration rights agreement.
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DESCRIPTION OF AMERICAN DEPOSITARY SHARES
American Depositary Receipts
Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as depositary, will issue the ADSs representing our ordinary shares. Each ADS will represent an ownership interest in three ordinary shares which we will deposit with the custodian under the deposit agreement among ourselves, the depositary and yourself as an ADS holder. In the future, each ADS will also represent any securities, cash or other property deposited with the depositary but which it has not distributed directly to you. Your ADSs will be evidenced by what are known as American depositary receipts, or ADRs, in the same way a share is evidenced by a share certificate.
The following is a summary of the material provisions of the deposit agreement, as amended. For more complete information, you should read the entire deposit agreement, as amended, and the form of ADR. You can read a copy of the deposit agreement, as amended, which is on file with the SEC under cover of a registration statement on Form F-6 (File No. 333-139159). You may also obtain a copy of the deposit agreement, as amended, at the SECs public Reference Room located at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549, United States of America. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at +1 (202) 551 8090. Copies of the deposit agreement and the form of ADR are also available for inspection at the corporate trust office of Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, currently located at 60 Wall Street, New York, New York 10005, United States of America, and at the principal office of Deutsche Bank AG, Hong Kong Branch, as the custodian, currently located at 57/F International Commerce Centre, 1 Austin Road West, Kowloon, Hong Kong S.A.R., Peoples Republic of China. Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas principal executive office is located at 60 Wall Street, New York, New York 10005, United States of America. The depositary will keep books at its corporate trust office for the registration of ADRs and transfers of ADRs which, at all reasonable times, shall be open for inspection by ADS holders, provided that inspection shall not be for the purpose of communicating with ADS holders in the interest of a business or object other than our business or a matter related to the deposit agreement or the ADSs.
Holding the ADSs
How will I hold my ADSs?
ADSs shall be held electronically in book-entry form through The Depository Trust Company in your name or indirectly through your broker or other financial institution. If you hold the ADSs indirectly, you must rely on the procedures of your broker or other financial institution to assert the rights of ADR holders described in this section. You should consult with your broker or financial institution to find out what those procedures are. This description assumes that you hold your ADSs directly solely for the purposes of summarizing the deposit agreement.
We will not treat an ADR holder as one of our shareholders and you will not have shareholder rights. Cayman Islands law governs shareholder rights. The depositary will be the holder of the shares underlying your ADSs. As a holder of ADRs, you will have ADR holder rights. The deposit agreement among us, the depositary and you, as an ADS holder and the beneficiary owners of ADSs sets out ADR holder rights, representations and warranties as well as the rights and obligations of the depositary. New York law governs the deposit agreement and the ADRs.
If you become a holder of ADSs, you will become a party to the deposit agreement and therefore will be bound by its terms and by the terms of the ADR that represents your ADSs. The deposit agreement and the ADR specify our rights and obligations as well as your rights and obligations as a holder of ADSs and those of the depositary bank. As an ADS holder, you appoint the depositary bank to act on your behalf in certain circumstances. The deposit agreement and the ADRs are governed by New York law. However, our obligations to the holders of ordinary shares will continue to be governed by Cayman Islands law, which may be different from the laws in the United States.
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Dividends and Other Distributions
How will you receive dividends and other distributions on the shares?
The depositary has agreed to pay to you the cash dividends or other distributions it or the custodian receives on shares or other deposited securities, after deducting its fees, charges and expenses and any taxes withheld, duties or other governmental charges. You will receive these distributions in proportion to the number of shares your ADSs represent as of the record date (which will be as close as practicable to the record date for our ordinary shares) set by the depositary with respect to the ADSs.
| Cash. The depositary will convert any cash dividend or other cash distribution we pay on the shares or any proceeds from the sale of any shares, rights, securities or other entitlements into U.S. dollars, if it can do so in its judgment on a practicable basis and can transfer the U.S. dollars to the United States. If that is not practicable or if any government approval is needed and cannot be obtained, the deposit agreement allows the depositary to distribute the foreign currency only to those ADR holders to whom it is practicable to do so. The depositary will hold the foreign currency it cannot convert for the account of the ADR holders who have not been paid. The depositary will not invest the foreign currency and it will not be liable for any interest. |
Before making a distribution, the depositary will deduct any withholding taxes that must be paid. See Taxation. It will distribute only whole U.S. dollars and cents and will round fractional cents to the nearest whole cent. If the exchange rates fluctuate during a time when the depositary cannot convert the foreign currency, you may lose some or all of the value of the distribution
| Shares. The depositary may distribute additional ADSs representing any shares we distribute as a dividend or free distribution to the extent permissible by law. The depositary will only distribute whole ADSs. It will try to sell shares which would require it to deliver a fractional ADS and distribute the net proceeds in the same way as it does with cash. If the depositary does not distribute additional ADSs, the outstanding ADSs will also represent the new shares. |
| Elective Distributions in Cash or Shares. If we offer holders of our ordinary shares the option to receive dividends in either cash or ordinary shares, the depositary, after consultation with us and having received timely notice of such elective distribution by us, has discretion to determine to what extent such elective distribution will be made available to you as a holder of the ADSs. We must first instruct the depositary to make such elective distribution available to you and furnish it with satisfactory evidence that it is legal to do so. The depositary could decide it is not legal or reasonably practical to make such elective distribution available to you, or it could decide that it is only legal or reasonably practical to make such elective distribution available to some but not all holders of the ADSs. In such case, the depositary shall, on the basis of the same determination as is made in respect of the ordinary shares for which no election is made, distribute either cash in the same way as it does in a cash distribution, or additional ADSs representing ordinary shares in the same way as it does in a share distribution. The depositary is not obligated to make available to you a method to receive the elective dividend in ordinary shares rather than in ADSs. There can be no assurance that you will be given the opportunity to receive elective distributions on the same terms and conditions as the holders of ordinary shares. |
| Rights to Receive Additional Shares. If we offer holders of our securities any rights to subscribe for additional ordinary shares or any other rights, the depositary, after consultation with us and having received timely notice of such distribution by us, has discretion to determine how these rights become available to you as a holder of ADSs. We must first instruct the depositary to do so and furnish it with satisfactory evidence that it is legal to do so. The depositary could decide it is not legal or reasonably practical to make the rights available to you, or it could decide that it is only legal or reasonably practical to make the rights available to some but not all holders of the ADSs. The depositary may decide to sell the rights and distribute the proceeds in the same way as it does with cash. If the depositary decides that it is not legal or reasonably practical to make the rights available to you or to |
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sell the rights, the rights that are not distributed or sold could lapse. In that case, you will receive no value for them. The depositary is not responsible for a failure in determining whether or not it is legal or reasonably practical to distribute the rights. The depositary is liable for damages, however, if it acts with gross negligence or bad faith, in accordance with the provisions of the deposit agreement. |
If the depositary makes rights available to you, it will exercise the rights and purchase the ordinary shares on your behalf. The depositary will then deposit the ordinary shares and issue ADSs to you. It will only exercise rights if you pay it the exercise price and any other fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the depositary and any taxes and other governmental charges the rights require you to pay.
U.S. securities laws or laws of the Cayman Islands may restrict the sale, deposit, cancellation, and transfer of the ADSs issued after an exercise of rights. For example, you may not be able to trade the new ADSs freely in the United States. In this case, the depositary may issue the new ADSs under a separate restricted deposit agreement which will contain the same provisions as the deposit agreement, except for changes needed to put the restrictions in place.
| Other Distributions. Subject to receipt of timely notice from us with the request to make any such distribution available to you, and provided the depositary has determined such distribution is lawful and reasonably practicable and feasible and in accordance with the terms of the deposit agreement, the depositary will distribute to you any other distribution else we distribute on deposited securities by any means it deems practical in proportion to the number of ADSs held by you, upon receipt of applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the depositary and net of any taxes and other governmental charges withheld. If it cannot make the distribution in that way, or has not received a timely request for distribution from us, the depositary has a choice. It may decide to sell by public or private sale, net of fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the depositary and any taxes and other governmental charges, what we distributed and distribute the net proceeds, in the same way as it does with cash. Or, it may decide to dispose of such property in any way it deems reasonably practicable for nominal or no consideration. However, the depositary is not required to distribute any securities (other than ADSs) to you unless it receives satisfactory evidence from us that it is legal to make that distribution. |
The depositary is not responsible if it decides that it is unlawful or impractical to make a distribution available to any ADR holders. We have no obligation to register ADSs, shares, rights or other securities under the U.S. Securities Act. We also have no obligation to take any other action to permit the distribution of ADRs, shares, rights or anything else to ADR holders. This means that you may not receive the distributions we make on our shares or any value for them if it is illegal, impractical or infeasible for us or the depositary to make them available to you.
Deposit and Withdrawal
How are ADSs issued?
The depositary will deliver ADSs if you or your broker deposits shares with the custodian. Shares deposited in the future with the custodian must be accompanied by documents, including instruments showing that those shares have been properly transferred or endorsed to the person on whose behalf the deposit is being made.
The custodian will hold all deposited shares, including those being deposited by or on behalf of our company in connection with this offering to which this prospectus relates, for the account of the depositary. You thus have no direct ownership interest in the shares and only have the rights that are set out in the deposit agreement. The custodian also will hold any additional securities, property and cash received on, or in substitution for, the deposited shares. The deposited shares and any such additional items are all referred to as deposited securities.
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Upon each deposit of shares, receipt of related delivery documentation and compliance with the other provisions of the deposit agreement, including the payment of the fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the depositary and of any taxes or charges, such as stamp taxes or share transfer taxes or fees, the depositary will issue an ADR or ADRs in the name of the person entitled thereto evidencing the number of ADSs to which that person is entitled.
How do ADS holders cancel an ADR and obtain shares?
You may surrender your ADRs through instructions provided to your broker. Upon payment of its fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, it and of any taxes or charges, such as stamp taxes or share transfer taxes or fees, the depositary will deliver the shares and any other deposited securities underlying the ADR to you or a person you designate at the office of the custodian. Or, at your request, risk and expense, the depositary will deliver the deposited securities at its principal New York office or any other location that it may designate as its transfer office, if feasible.
You have the right to cancel your ADSs and withdraw the underlying ordinary shares at any time subject only to:
| temporary delays caused by closing our or the depositarys transfer books or the deposit of our ordinary shares in connection with voting at a shareholders meeting or the payment of dividends; |
| the payment of fees, taxes and similar charges; or |
| compliance with any U.S. or foreign laws or governmental regulations relating to the ADRs or to the withdrawal of the deposited securities. |
U.S. securities laws provide that this right of withdrawal may not be limited by any other provision of the deposit agreement.
Transfer
Are there any restrictions on the right to transfer ADSs?
The deposit agreement contains restrictions on the depositing of shares into the ADR facility if they are restricted securities. The deposit agreement also provides that to be transferred the ADRs will need to be properly endorsed but are otherwise transferable by delivery with the same effect as in the case of a negotiable instrument under the laws of the state of New York but that it may be necessary for signatures to be guaranteed and if any stamp duty or transfer tax is required on any instrument of transfer, or there are any applicable fees and charges of the depositary, these must be paid, before the depositary will execute a new ADR or ADRs to or upon the order of the transferee. Transfers must also be in compliance with any laws or governmental regulations relating to the execution and delivery of ADRs or ADSs and such reasonable regulations as the depositary may establish consistent with the provisions of the deposit agreement and applicable law. Further, transfers of ADRs may be refused during any period when the transfer books of the depositary are closed or if any such action is deemed necessary or advisable by the depositary or us from time to time because of any requirement of law, any government or governmental body or commission or any securities exchange on which the ADRs or shares are listed, as provided in the deposit agreement.
Redemption
Whenever we decide to redeem any of the shares on deposit with the custodian in accordance with our memorandum and articles of association, we will notify the depositary as soon as practicable prior to the intended date of redemption which notice will set forth the particulars of the proposed redemption.
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Upon receipt of (1) such notice and (2) satisfactory documentation given by us to the depositary, the depositary will mail to each holder subject to the redemption a notice setting forth our intention to exercise our redemption rights as well as any other particulars set forth in our notice to the depositary.
The depositary will instruct the custodian to present us the shares on deposit with the custodian in respect of which redemption rights are being exercised against payment of the applicable redemption price as set forth in our memorandum and articles of association.
Upon receipt of confirmation from the custodian that the redemption has taken place and that funds representing the redemption price have been received, the holders of ADSs representing the shares subject to redemption will be required to return their ADSs to the depositary and the depositary will convert, transfer, and distribute the proceeds (net of applicable (1) fees and charges of, and the expenses incurred by, the depositary and (2) taxes), retire ADSs and cancel ADRs upon delivery of such ADSs.
The redemption price per ADS will be the per share amount received by the depositary upon the redemption of the shares represented by ADSs (subject to the terms of the deposit agreement on conversion of foreign currency and the applicable fees and charges of, and expenses incurred by, the depositary, and taxes) multiplied by the number of the shares represented by each ADS redeemed.
You may have to pay fees, expenses, taxes and other governmental charges upon the redemption of your ADSs. If less than all ADSs are being redeemed, the ADSs to be redeemed will be selected by lot or on a pro rata basis, as the depositary bank may determine.
Transmission of Notices to Shareholders
We will promptly transmit to the depositary those communications that we make generally available to our shareholders together with annual and other reports prepared in accordance with applicable requirements of U.S. securities laws in English. If those communications were not originally in English, we will translate them. Upon our request, and at our expense, subject to the distribution of any such communications being lawful and not in contravention of any regulatory restrictions or requirements if so distributed and made available to holders, the depositary will arrange for the timely mailing of copies of such communications to all ADS holders and will make a copy of such communications available for inspection at the depositarys corporate trust office, the office of the custodian or any other designated transfer office of the depositary.
Voting Rights
How do you vote?
You may instruct the depositary to vote the shares underlying your ADSs. You could exercise your right to vote directly if you withdraw the ordinary shares. However, you may not know about the meeting sufficiently in advance to withdraw the ordinary shares. The voting rights of holders of ordinary shares are described in Description of Share Capital Ordinary Shares Voting Rights.
Upon receipt of timely notice from us, the depositary will notify you of the upcoming vote and arrange to deliver our voting materials to you. The materials will describe the matters to be voted on and explain how you, if you hold the ADSs on a date specified by the depositary, may instruct the depositary to vote the ordinary shares or other deposited securities underlying your ADSs as you direct. For your instructions to be valid, the depositary must receive them in writing on or before a date specified by the depositary. The depositary will try, as far as practical, subject to any applicable law and the provisions of our memorandum and articles of association, to vote or to have its agents vote the ordinary shares or other deposited securities as you instruct. The depositary will only vote or attempt to vote as you instruct and will not vote any shares where no instructions have been received. Furthermore, under the deposit agreement, if we do not timely procure the demand for a vote
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by poll with respect to any given resolution, and no other relevant party has made such a demand, the depositary shall refrain from voting and any voting instructions received from any ADS holders shall lapse.
We cannot assure you that you will receive the voting materials in time to ensure that you can instruct the depositary to vote your shares. In addition, the depositary and its agents are not responsible for failing to carry out voting instructions or for the manner of carrying out voting instructions. This means that you may not be able to exercise your right to vote and if your ordinary shares are not voted as you requested, you may have no recourse.
Fees and Expenses
Persons depositing shares will be charged a fee for each issuance of ADSs, including issuances resulting from distributions of shares, share dividends, share splits, bonus and rights distributions and other property, and for each surrender of ADSs in exchange for deposited securities. The fee in each case is up to $5.00 for each 100 ADSs, or any portion thereof, issued or surrendered. The depositary will also charge a fee of up to $2.00 per 100 ADSs for distribution of cash proceeds pursuant to a cash distribution (so long as the charging of such fee is not prohibited by any exchange upon which the ADSs are listed), sale of rights and other entitlements or otherwise. The depositary may also charge an annual fee of up to US$0.02 per ADS for the operation and maintenance costs in administering the facility. Notice will be given to you by the depositary stating that the fees will be amended and will become effective 30 days after the date of the notice. Any person depositing shares will be charged a new fee for each issuance of ADSs, including issuances resulting from distributions of shares, share dividends, share splits, bonus and rights distributions and other property, and for each surrender of ADSs in exchange for deposited securities. The fee in each case is up to $5.00 for each 100 ADSs, or any portion thereof, issued or surrendered. The depositary will also charge a new fee, not in excess of $5.00 per 100 ADSs, for distribution of cash proceeds pursuant to a cash distribution (so long as the charging of such fee is not prohibited by any exchange upon which the ADSs are listed), sale of rights and other entitlements or otherwise. The depositary may also charge an annual fee not in excess of US$5.00 per ADS for the operation and maintenance costs in administering the facility. You or persons depositing shares also may be charged the following expenses:
| Taxes and other governmental charges incurred by the depositary or the custodian on any ADR or share underlying an ADR, including any applicable interest and penalties thereon, and any share transfer or other taxes and other governmental charges; |
| Cable, telex and facsimile transmission and delivery charges; |
| Transfer or registration fees for the registration of transfer of deposited securities on any applicable register in connection with the deposit or withdrawal of deposited securities including those of a central depository for securities (where applicable); |
| Expenses of the depositary in connection with the conversion of foreign currency into U.S. dollars; |
| Fees and expenses incurred by the depositary in connection with compliance with exchange control regulations and other regulatory requirements applicable to the shares, deposited securities and ADSs; and |
| Any other fees, charges, costs or expenses that may be incurred by the depositary from time to time. |
We will pay all other charges and expenses of the depositary and any agent of the depositary, except the custodian, pursuant to agreements from time to time between us and the depositary. We and the depositary may amend the fees described above from time to time.
Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as depositary, has agreed with us to reimburse us for a portion of certain expenses incurred in connection with this offering and the establishment and maintenance of the ADR program and to provide us with assistance in relation to our investor relations program, the training of staff and certain other matters. Further, the depositary has agreed to share with us certain fees payable to the depositary by holders of ADSs.
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Neither the depositary nor we can determine the exact amount to be made available to us because (i) the number of ADSs that will be issued and outstanding, (ii) the level of service fees to be charged to holders of ADSs and (iii) our reimbursable expenses related to the program are not known at this time.
Depositary fees payable upon the issuance and cancellation of ADSs are generally paid to the depositary by the brokers receiving the newly issued ADSs from the depositary and by the brokers delivering the ADSs to the depositary for cancellation. Depositary fees payable in connection with distributions of cash or securities to ADS holders and the depositary service fee are charged by the depositary to the holders of record of ADSs as of the applicable ADS record date.
In the case of cash distributions, service fees are generally deducted from the cash being distributed. In the case of distributions other than cash (i.e., stock dividends, rights, etc), the depositary charges the applicable ADS record date holder concurrent with the distribution. In the case of ADSs registered in the name of the investor (whether certificated or in DRS), the depositary sends invoices to the applicable record date ADS holders. In the case of ADSs held in brokerage and custodian accounts (via DTC), the depositary generally collects the fees through the settlement systems provided by DTC (whose nominee is the registered holder of the ADSs held in DTC) from the brokers and custodians holding ADSs in their DTC accounts. The brokers and custodians who hold their clients ADSs in DTC accounts in turn charge their clients accounts the amount of the service fees paid to the depositary.
Payment of Taxes
You will be responsible for any taxes or other governmental charges payable on your ADSs or on the deposited securities underlying your ADRs. The custodian may refuse to deposit shares and the depositary may refuse to issue ADSs, deliver ADRs, register the transfer, split-up or combination of ADRs, or allow you to withdraw the deposited securities underlying your ADSs until such payment is made including any applicable interest and penalty thereon. We, the custodian or the depositary may withhold or deduct the amount of taxes owed from any distributions to you or may sell deposited securities, by public or private sale, to pay any taxes and any applicable interest and penalties owed. You will remain liable if the proceeds of the sale are not enough to pay the taxes. If the depositary sells deposited securities, it will, if appropriate, reduce the number of ADSs to reflect the sale and pay to you any proceeds, or send to you any property remaining after it has paid the taxes.
Reclassifications, Recapitalizations and Mergers
If we take actions that affect the deposited securities, including any change in par value, split-up, cancellation, consolidation or other reclassification of deposited securities to the extent permitted by any applicable law; any distribution on the shares that is not distributed to you; and any recapitalization, reorganization, merger, consolidation, liquidation or sale of our assets affecting us or to which we are a party, then the cash, shares or other securities received by the depositary will become deposited securities and ADRs will, be subject to the deposit agreement and any applicable law, evidence the right to receive such additional deposited securities, and the depositary may choose to:
| distribute additional ADRs; |
| call for surrender of outstanding ADRs to be exchanged for new ADRs; |
| distribute cash, securities or other property it has received in connection with such actions; |
| sell any securities or property received at public or private sale on an averaged or other practicable basis without regard to any distinctions among holders and distribute the net proceeds as cash; or |
| treat the cash, securities or other property it receives as part of the deposited securities, and each ADS will then represent a proportionate interest in that property. |
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Amendment and Termination
How may the deposit agreement be amended?
We may agree with the depositary to amend the deposit agreement and the ADSs without your consent for any reason deemed necessary or desirable. You will be given at least 30 days notice of any amendment that imposes or increases any fees or charges, except for taxes, governmental charges, delivery expenses or expenses incurred in connection with foreign exchange control regulations and other charges specifically payable by ADS holders under the deposit agreement, or which otherwise materially prejudices any substantial existing right of holders or beneficial owners of ADSs. If an ADS holder continues to hold ADSs after being so notified of these changes, that ADS holder is deemed to agree to that amendment and be bound by the ADRs and the agreement as amended. An amendment can become effective before notice is given if necessary to ensure compliance with a new law, rule or regulation.
How may the deposit agreement be terminated?
At any time, we may instruct the depositary to terminate the deposit agreement, in which case the depositary will give notice to you at least 30 days prior to termination. The depositary may also terminate the agreement if it has told us that it would like to resign or we have removed the depositary and we have not appointed a new depositary bank 60 days; in such instances, the depositary will give notice to you at least 30 days prior to termination. After termination, the depositarys only responsibility will be to deliver deposited securities to ADS holders who surrender their ADSs upon payment of any fees, charges, taxes or other governmental charges, and to hold or sell distributions received on deposited securities. After the expiration of one year from the termination date, the depositary may sell the deposited securities which remain and hold the net proceeds of such sales, uninvested and without liability for interest, for the pro rata benefit of ADS holders who have not yet surrendered their ADSs. After selling the deposited securities, the depositary has no obligations except to account for those net proceeds and other cash. Upon termination of the deposit agreement, we will be discharged from all obligations except for our obligations to the depositary.
Limitations on Obligations and Liability
Limits on our Obligations and the Obligations of the Depositary; Limits on Liability to Holders of ADRs
The deposit agreement expressly limits our and the depositarys obligations and liability.
We and the depositary, including its agents:
| are only obligated to take the actions specifically set forth in the deposit agreement without gross negligence or bad faith; |
| are not liable if either of us is prevented or delayed in performing any obligation by law or circumstances beyond our control from performing our obligations under the deposit agreement, including, without limitation, requirements of any present or future law, regulation, governmental or regulatory authority or stock exchange of any applicable jurisdiction, any present or future provision of our memorandum and articles of association, on account of possible civil or criminal penalties or restraint, any provisions of or governing the deposited securities, any act of God, war or other circumstances beyond each of our control as set forth in the deposit agreement; |
| are not liable if either of us exercises or fails to exercise the discretion permitted under the deposit agreement, the provisions of or governing the deposited securities or our memorandum and articles of association; |
| disclaim any liability for any action/inaction on the advice or information of legal counsel, accountants, any person presenting shares for deposit, holders and beneficial owners (or authorized representatives) of ADRs, or any person believed in good faith to be competent to give such advice or information; |
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| disclaim any liability for the inability of any holder to benefit from any distribution, offering, right or other benefit made available to holders of deposited securities but is not made available to holders of ADSs; |
| have no obligation to become involved in a lawsuit or other proceeding related to any deposited securities or the ADSs or the deposit agreement on your behalf or on behalf of any other party; |
| may rely upon any documents we believe in good faith to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party; and |
| disclaim any liability for any consequential or punitive damages for any breach of the terms of the deposit agreement. |
The depositary and any of its agents also disclaim any liability for any failure to carry out any instructions to vote, the manner in which any vote is cast or the effect of any vote or failure to determine that any distribution or action may be lawful or reasonably practicable or for allowing any rights to lapse in accordance with the provisions of the deposit agreement, the failure or timeliness of any notice from us, the content of any information submitted to it by us for distribution to you or for any inaccuracy of any translation thereof, any investment risk associated with the acquisition of an interest in the deposited securities, the validity or worth of the deposited securities or for any tax consequences that may result from ownership of ADSs, shares or deposited securities and for any indirect, special, punitive or consequential damage.
We have agreed to indemnify the depositary under certain circumstances. The depositary may own and deal in any class of our securities and in ADSs.
Disclosure of Interests in ADSs
We may from time to time request you and other holders and beneficial owners of ADSs to provide information as to:
| the capacity in which you and other holders and beneficial owners own or owned ADSs; |
| the identity of any other persons then or previously interested in those ADSs; and |
| the nature of that interest. |
You and other holders and beneficial owners will be subject to the provisions of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Chapter 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong) as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, or Securities and Futures Ordinance, and any other legislation or regulations of Hong Kong from time to time in effect regarding the disclosure of interests in shares. For this purpose, interest has the meaning provided in the Securities and Futures Ordinance. Under the Securities and Futures Ordinance, you may have a duty to notify us and the HKSE if you become aware that your interest in ordinary shares, including your interest in ordinary shares represented by ADSs, equals or exceeds 5% of long positions in our issued share capital. You are also further required to notify us and the HKSE of certain changes in your interest in the shares, or if you cease to have such interest or acquired more of our issued share capital. Under the Securities and Futures Ordinance, we have certain rights and duties to make inquiries of persons whom we know or have reasonable cause to believe to be interested in our ordinary shares in order to establish if such persons have interests in our ordinary shares, including any persons with interest in ordinary shares represented by ADSs or any deemed or attributable interests specified in the Securities and Futures Ordinance (including but not limited to equity derivatives) or persons holding a short position ordinary shares or ADSs. In the event that any person to whom we have made such inquiries fails to respond, or provides false information in response, such person may be subject to sanctions and criminal penalties.
The depositary has agreed that it will use reasonable efforts to comply with our written instructions requesting that it forward any such requests for information relating to your interests to you. By holding an ADS or an interest in an ADS, you will be agreeing to comply with these requests.
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Requirements for Depositary Actions
Before the depositary will issue, deliver or register a transfer of an ADR, make a distribution on an ADR, or permit withdrawal of shares or other property, the depositary may require:
| payment of share transfer or other taxes or other governmental charges and transfer or registration fees charged by third parties for the transfer of any ordinary shares or other deposited securities; |
| production of satisfactory proof of the identity and genuineness of any signature or other information it deems necessary; and |
| compliance with regulations it may establish, from time to time, consistent with the deposit agreement, including presentation of transfer documents. |
The depositary also may suspend the issuance of ADSs, the deposit of shares, the registration, transfer, split-up or combination of ADRs or the withdrawal of deposited securities, unless the deposit agreement provides otherwise, if the register for ADRs is closed or if we or the depositary decide any such action is necessary or advisable.
Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas will keep books for the registration and transfer of ADRs at its offices. You may reasonably inspect such books, except if you have a purpose other than our business or a matter related to the deposit agreement or the ADRs.
Pre-Release of ADSs
Subject to the provisions of the deposit agreement, the depositary may issue ADSs before deposit of the underlying ordinary shares. This is called a pre-release of the ADS. The depositary may also deliver ordinary shares upon cancellation of pre-released ADSs, even if the ADSs are cancelled before the pre-release transaction has been closed out. A pre-release is closed out as soon as the underlying ordinary shares are delivered to the depositary. The depositary may receive ADSs instead of ordinary shares to close out a pre-release. The depositary may pre-release ADSs only under the following conditions:
| each pre-release transaction will be accompanied by or subject to a written agreement whereby the person to whom the pre-release is being made must represent that it or its customer owns the ordinary shares to be deposited, assign all beneficial right, title and interest in such shares to the depositary for the benefit of the holders of ADSs, indicate the depositary as owner of such shares in its records, not take any action with respect to such shares that is inconsistent with the transfer of beneficial ownership (including without the consent of the depositary, disposing of such shares other than in satisfaction of such pre-release) and unconditionally guarantee to deliver such shares or ADSs to the depositary or the custodian as the case may be; |
| the pre-release must be fully collateralized with cash or other collateral that the depositary considers appropriate; |
| the depositary must be able to close out the pre-release on not more than five business days notice; and |
| each pre-release is subject to such further indemnities and credit regulations as the depositary deems appropriate. |
In addition, the depositary will limit the number of ADSs that may be outstanding at any time as a result of pre-release, although the depositary may disregard the limit from time to time as it deems appropriate, including (i) due to a decrease in the aggregate number of ADSs outstanding that causes existing pre-release transactions to temporarily exceed the limit stated above or (ii) where otherwise required by market conditions.
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The Depositary
Who is the depositary?
The depositary is Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas. The depositary is a state chartered New York banking corporation and a member of the United States Federal Reserve System, subject to regulation and supervision principally by the United States Federal Reserve Board and the New York State Banking Department. The depositary was incorporated on March 5, 1903 in the State of New York. The registered office of the depositary is located at 60 Wall Street, New York, NY 10005, United States of America and the registered number is BR1026. The principal executive office of the depositary is located at 60 Wall Street, New York NY 10005, United States of America. The depositary operates under the laws and jurisdiction of the State of New York.
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The following discussion of the material Cayman Islands, Macau, Hong Kong and U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in our ADSs or ordinary shares is based upon laws and relevant interpretations thereof in effect as of the date of this prospectus, all of which are subject to change. This discussion does not deal with all possible tax consequences relating to an investment in our ADSs or ordinary shares, such as the tax consequences under state, local and other tax laws. To the extent that the discussion relates to matters of Cayman Islands tax law, it represents the opinion of Walkers, our Cayman Islands counsel. To the extent that the discussion relates to matters of Macau tax law, it represents the opinion of Manuela António Lawyers and Notaries, our Macau counsel. To the extent that the discussion relates to matters of U.S. federal income tax law, and subject to the qualifications herein, and to matters of Hong Kong tax law, it represents the opinion of Shearman & Sterling, our United States and Hong Kong counsel.
Cayman Islands Taxation
There is, at present, no direct taxation in the Cayman Islands and interest, dividends and gains payable to our company will be received free of all Cayman Islands taxes. Our company is registered as an exempted company pursuant to the Companies Law (as amended). Our company has received an undertaking from the Governor in Cabinet of the Cayman Islands to the effect that, for a period of twenty years from the date of the undertaking, no law that thereafter is enacted in the Cayman Islands imposing any tax or duty to be levied on profits, income or on gains or appreciation, or any tax in the nature of estate duty or inheritance tax, will apply to any property comprised in or any income arising under our company, or to the shareholders thereof, in respect of any such property or income.
Macau Taxation
Neither our ADSs nor our ordinary shares are expected to be subject to tax in Macau.
United States Federal Income Tax Considerations
The following discussion describes certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of the ADSs or ordinary shares as of the date hereof. The discussion set forth below is applicable to you only if you are a U.S. Holder (as defined below) who will hold ADSs or ordinary shares as capital assets. As used herein, the term U.S. Holder means a beneficial owner of an ADS or ordinary share that is:
| an individual citizen or resident of the United States, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes; |
| a corporation (or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia; |
| an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or |
| a trust if it (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (2) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person. |
This discussion does not address special classes of holders of ADSs or ordinary shares, including:
| a dealer in securities or currencies; |
| a financial institution; |
| a regulated investment company; |
| a real estate investment trust; |
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| an insurance company; |
| a tax-exempt organization; |
| a person holding an ADS or ordinary share as part of a hedging, integrated or conversion transaction, a constructive sale or a straddle; |
| a trader in securities that has elected the mark-to-market method of accounting for its securities; |
| a person liable for alternative minimum tax; |
| a person who owns 10% or more of our voting stock, directly, indirectly or constructively; or |
| a person whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar. |
The discussion below is based upon the provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), and Treasury regulations, rulings and judicial decisions thereunder as of the date hereof. Such authorities may be replaced, revoked or modified so as to result in U.S. federal income tax consequences different from those discussed below.
If a partnership (including any entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds our ADSs or ordinary shares, the tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner of a partnership holding our shares, you should consult your tax advisors.
This discussion does not contain a detailed description of all the U.S. federal income tax consequences that may be relevant to you in light of your particular circumstances and does not address the effects of any state, local or non-U.S. tax laws or U.S. federal estate or gift tax laws. If you are considering the purchase, ownership or disposition of our ADSs or ordinary shares, you should consult your own tax advisors concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences applicable to you in light of your particular situation as well as any consequences arising under the laws of any other taxing jurisdiction.
Dividends
Subject to the discussion under Passive Foreign Investment Company below, the gross amount of distributions on the ADSs or ordinary shares will be taxable as dividends to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. To the extent that the amount of any distribution exceeds the paying corporations current and accumulated earnings and profits for a taxable year, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles, the distribution will first be treated as a tax-free return of capital, and the balance in excess of the adjusted basis will be taxed as capital gain recognized on a sale or exchange. However, we have not maintained and do not plan to maintain calculations of earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. federal income tax principles. Therefore, you should expect that a distribution on the ADSs or ordinary shares will be treated as a dividend. Such income will be includable in your gross income on the day actually or constructively received by you. Such dividends will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction generally allowed to U.S. corporations for dividends received from other U.S. corporations.
Non-corporate U.S. investors (including individuals) that receive dividends from a qualified foreign corporation in taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013 may be eligible for reduced rates of taxation on such dividends provided certain holding period requirements are met. A non-U.S. corporation is treated as a qualified foreign corporation with respect to dividends received from that corporation on shares (or ADSs backed by such shares) that are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States. Although the ADSs are listed on Nasdaq, which is an established securities market in the United States, the shares listed on the HKSE are not listed on an established securities market in the United States. Accordingly, while dividends paid on the ADSs should qualify for the reduced rates of taxation it is unclear whether any dividends paid on ordinary shares listed on the HKSE would be eligible for the reduced rates of taxation. In addition, in order to be treated as
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a qualified foreign corporation, a non-U.S. corporation must neither be a PFIC nor be treated as such with respect to a U.S. shareholder for the taxable year in which the dividend was paid and the preceding taxable year. You should consult your tax advisors regarding the availability of the lower rate for any dividends paid with respect to the ADSs or ordinary shares.
The amount of any dividend paid in Hong Kong dollars will equal the U.S. dollar value of the Hong Kong dollars received calculated by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the date the dividend is received by you, regardless of whether the Hong Kong dollars are converted into U.S. dollars on that date. If the Hong Kong dollars received as a dividend are not converted into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt, you will have a basis in the Hong Kong dollars equal to their U.S. dollar value on the date of receipt. Any gain or loss realized on a subsequent conversion or other disposition of the Hong Kong dollars generally will be treated as U.S. source ordinary income or loss.
Dividends will be treated as foreign source income, and will be passive category income, or, in the case of certain U.S. Holders, general category income for foreign tax credit purposes. The rules governing the foreign tax credit are complex. You are urged to consult your tax advisors regarding the availability of the foreign tax credit under your particular circumstances.
Sale, Exchange or Other Taxable Disposition
Subject to the discussion under Passive Foreign Investment Company below, you will recognize taxable gain or loss on any sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of a share in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized for the ADS or ordinary share and your tax basis in the ADS or ordinary share. Your adjusted tax basis in an ADS or ordinary share will be its U.S. dollar cost. Such gain or loss will generally be capital gain or loss. Long-term capital gains of non-corporate U.S. Holders, including individuals, currently are eligible for reduced rates of taxation. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Any gain or loss recognized by you should be treated as U.S. source gain or loss for foreign tax credit purposes.
Passive Foreign Investment Company
A non-U.S. corporation generally will be a PFIC for a taxable year if either (i) 75% or more of its gross income for such taxable year is passive income or (ii) 50% or more of the value (determined based on a quarterly average) of its assets is attributable to assets that produce, or are held for the production of, passive income, including cash. Passive income includes dividends, interest, and rents and royalties (other than rents and royalties derived in the active conduct of a trade or business and not derived from a related person).
For purposes of these tests, if a non-U.S. corporation owns, directly or indirectly, 25% or more (by value) of the outstanding shares of another corporation, the non-U.S. corporation will be treated as if it (i) holds a proportionate share of the assets of such other corporation and (ii) receives directly a proportionate share of the income of such other corporation.
Based on the projected composition of our income and valuation of our assets, including goodwill, we do not currently expect to be a PFIC for the taxable year ending December 31, 2011. The determination of whether we are or will be a PFIC for a taxable year depends on the application of complex U.S. federal income tax rules and generally cannot be made until the close of the taxable year in question. In addition, the determination of whether or not we are a PFIC will depend on the nature and composition of our income and assets, including goodwill, throughout a taxable year and will be based, in part, on the market price of our ADSs or ordinary shares which may fluctuate. Accordingly, we can provide no assurances that we are not, and will not become, a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold shares.
If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold ADSs or ordinary shares, you will be subject to special tax rules with respect to any excess distribution received and any gain realized from a sale or other
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disposition, including a pledge, of ADSs or ordinary shares. Distributions received in a taxable year that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions received during the shorter of the three preceding taxable years or your holding period for the ADSs or ordinary shares will be treated as excess distributions. Under these special tax rules:
| the excess distribution or gain will be allocated ratably over your holding period for the ADSs or ordinary shares; |
| the amount allocated to the current taxable year, and any taxable year prior to the first taxable year in which we were a PFIC, will be treated as ordinary income; and |
| the amount allocated to each other year will be subject to tax at the highest tax rate in effect for that year and the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed on the resulting tax attributable to each such year. |
You will be required to file U.S. Internal Revenue Service Form 8621 (or any other form specified by the U.S. Department of the Treasury) if you hold our ADSs or ordinary shares in any year in which we are a PFIC.
If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold ADSs or ordinary shares and any of our subsidiaries is also a PFIC, you generally would be treated as owning a proportionate amount (by value) of the shares of the lower-tier PFIC for purposes of the application of these rules. You are urged to consult your tax advisors about the application of the PFIC rules to any of our subsidiaries.
If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold ADSs or ordinary shares, in certain circumstances, in lieu of being subject to the excess distribution rules discussed above, you may make an election to include gain on the stock of a PFIC as ordinary income under a mark-to-market method, provided that such stock is regularly traded on a qualified exchange. It is intended that the ordinary shares will be listed on the HKSE, which should be treated as a qualified exchange under applicable Treasury regulations for purposes of the mark-to-market election. No assurance can be given either the ADSs or that the ordinary shares will be regularly traded for purposes of the mark-to-market election. The ADSs are listed on the Nasdaq, which should be treated as a qualified exchange under applicable treasury regulations for purposes of the mark-to-market election.
If you make an effective mark-to-market election, you will include in each year as ordinary income the excess of the fair market value of your ADSs or ordinary shares at the end of the year over your adjusted tax basis in the ADSs or ordinary shares. You will be entitled to deduct as an ordinary loss each year the excess of your adjusted tax basis in the ADSs or ordinary shares over their fair market value at the end of the year, but only to the extent of the net unreversed gains previously included in income as a result of the mark-to-market election. Your adjusted tax basis in the ADSs or ordinary shares will be increased by the amount of any income inclusion and decreased by the amount of any deductions under the mark-to-market rules. If you make a mark-to-market election, it will be effective for the taxable year for which the election is made and all subsequent taxable years unless the ADSs or ordinary shares are no longer regularly traded on a qualified exchange or the U.S. Internal Revenue Service consents to the revocation of the election. A mark-to-market election would not be available with respect to any of our subsidiaries that are PFICs that you would be deemed to own. You are urged to consult your tax advisor about the availability of the mark-to-market election, and whether making the election would be advisable in your particular circumstances.
If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold our ADSs or ordinary shares, you should assume that a qualified electing fund election will not be available because we do not expect to provide you with the information required to permit you to make this election.
You are urged to consult your tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of holding ADSs or ordinary shares if we are a PFIC in any taxable year.
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Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Information reporting will apply to dividends in respect of our ADSs or ordinary shares and the proceeds from the sale, exchange or redemption of our ADSs or ordinary shares that are paid to you within the United States (and in certain cases, outside the United States), unless you are an exempt recipient. Backup withholding may apply to such payments if you fail to provide a taxpayer identification number or certification of other exempt status or fail to report in full dividend and interest income.
Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules will be allowed as a refund or a credit against your U.S. federal income tax liability provided the required information is furnished to the U.S. Internal Revenue Service in a timely manner.
In addition, certain U.S. Holders that hold certain foreign financial assets (which may include ADSs or ordinary shares) are required to report information relating to such assets, subject to exceptions (including an exception for ADSs or ordinary shares held in accounts maintained by certain financial institutions). You are urged to consult your tax advisors regarding the effect, if any, of this reporting requirement on your ownership and disposition of our ADSs or ordinary shares.
THE DISCUSSION ABOVE IS A GENERAL DISCUSSION. IT DOES NOT COVER ALL TAX MATTERS THAT MAY BE IMPORTANT TO A PARTICULAR INVESTOR. EACH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR SHOULD CONSULT ITS OWN TAX ADVISOR ABOUT THE TAX CONSEQUENCES OF AN INVESTMENT IN THE ADSs OR ORDINARY SHARES UNDER THE INVESTORS OWN CIRCUMSTANCES.
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We or any selling shareholder may sell our ordinary shares, represented by ADSs, from time to time, in one or more offerings, as follows:
| through agents; |
| to dealers or underwriters for resale; |
| directly to purchasers; or |
| through a combination of any of these methods of sale. |
In connection with our listing by introduction on the HKSE, except for (i) the shares issued in connection with the conversion of our shareholder loans, (ii) as provided under a securities lending agreement or a sale and repurchase agreement entered into by Melco and Crown and (iii) exchange of exchangeable bonds of the SPV into ADSs, our controlling shareholders are subject to a lock-up from November 23, 2011 till the end of a six-month period from the date of our listing by introduction in respect of these shares. Upon release of the lock-up, all of the shares beneficially held by Melco and Crown are available for sale, subject to restrictions under Rule 144 under the U.S. Securities Act and restrictions under our shareholders deed.
In addition, we may issue the securities as a dividend or distribution or in a subscription rights offering to our existing security holders. In some cases, we or dealers acting for us or on our behalf may also repurchase securities and reoffer them to the public by one or more of the methods described above. This prospectus may be used in connection with any offering of our securities through any of these methods or other methods described in the applicable prospectus supplement.
Our securities distributed by any of these methods may be sold to the public, in one or more transactions, either:
| at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed; |
| at market prices prevailing at the time of sale; |
| at prices related to prevailing market prices; or |
| at negotiated prices. |
We may solicit offers to purchase the securities directly from the public from time to time. We may also designate agents from time to time to solicit offers to purchase securities from the public on our or their behalf. The prospectus supplement relating to any particular offering of securities will name any agents designated to solicit offers, and will include information about any commissions we may pay the agents, in that offering. Agents may be deemed to be underwriters as that term is defined in the U.S. Securities Act.
From time to time, we may sell securities to one or more dealers as principals. The dealers, who may be deemed to be underwriters as that term is defined in the U.S. Securities Act, may then resell those securities to the public.
We may sell securities from time to time to one or more underwriters, who would purchase the securities as principal for resale to the public, either on a firm-commitment or best-efforts basis. If we sell securities to underwriters, we will execute an underwriting agreement with them at the time of sale and will name them in the applicable prospectus supplement. In connection with those sales, underwriters may be deemed to have received compensation from us in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions and may also receive commissions from purchasers of the securities for whom they may act as agents. Underwriters may resell the securities to or through dealers, and those dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions from purchasers for whom they may act as agents. The applicable prospectus supplement will include information about any underwriting compensation we pay to underwriters, and any discounts, concessions or commissions underwriters allow to participating dealers, in connection with an offering of securities.
Underwriters, dealers, agents and other persons may be entitled, under agreements that they may enter into with us, to indemnification by us against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the U.S. Securities Act, or to contribution with respect to payments which they may be required to make.
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In connection with an offering, the underwriters, including any affiliate of ours that is acting as an underwriter or prospective underwriter, may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the securities offered. These transactions may include overalloting the offering, creating a syndicate short position, and engaging in stabilizing transactions and purchases to cover positions created by short sales. Overallotment involves sales of the securities in excess of the principal amount or number of the securities to be purchased by the underwriters in the applicable offering, which creates a short position for the underwriters. Short sales involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of securities than they are required to purchase in an offering. Stabilizing transactions consist of certain bids or purchases made for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the securities in connection with an offering.
The underwriters may also impose a penalty bid. This occurs when a particular underwriter repays to the underwriters a portion of the underwriting discount it received because the underwriters have repurchased securities sold by or for the account of that underwriter in stabilizing or short-covering transactions.
As a result, the price of the securities may be higher than the price that otherwise might exist in the open market. If these activities are commenced, they may be discontinued by the underwriters at any time. These transactions may be effected on an exchange or automated quotation system, if the securities are listed on that exchange or admitted for trading on that automated quotation system, or in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.
The underwriters, dealers and agents, as well as their associates, may be customers of or lenders to, and may engage in transactions with and perform services for, our company and our subsidiaries.
In addition, we expect to offer securities to or through our affiliates, as underwriters, dealers or agents. Our affiliates may also offer the securities in other markets through one or more selling agents, including one another.
If so indicated in an applicable prospectus supplement, we will authorize dealers or other persons acting as our agent to solicit offers by some institutions to purchase securities from us pursuant to contracts providing for payment and delivery on a future date. Institutions with which these contracts may be made include commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies, educational and charitable institutions and others.
Unless otherwise indicated in an applicable prospectus supplement or confirmation of sale, the purchase price of the securities will be required to be paid in immediately available funds in New York City.
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We are being represented by Shearman & Sterling with respect to legal matters of United States federal securities, New York State law and Hong Kong law. Certain legal matters in connection with this offering will be passed upon for the underwriters by a law firm named in the applicable prospectus supplement. The validity of the ordinary shares and the ordinary shares represented by the ADSs offered in this offering and legal matters as to Cayman Islands law will be passed upon for us by Walkers. Legal matters as to Macau law will be passed upon for us by Manuela António Lawyers and Notaries and for the underwriters by a law firm named in the applicable prospectus supplement. Shearman & Sterling may rely upon Walkers with respect to matters governed by Cayman Islands law and Manuela António Lawyers and Notaries with respect to matters governed by Macau law.
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The consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, included in this prospectus and the related financial statement schedule included in this prospectus and the effectiveness of our companys internal control over financial reporting have been audited by Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their reports, which are included in this prospectus. Such consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule have been so included in reliance upon the reports of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We are subject to periodic reporting and other informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, as applicable to foreign private issuers. Accordingly, we are required to file reports, including annual reports on Form 20-F, and other information with the SEC. As a foreign private issuer, we are exempt from the rules of the Exchange Act prescribing the furnishing and content of proxy statements to shareholders under the federal proxy rules contained in Sections 14(a), (b) and (c) of the Exchange Act, and our executive officers, directors and principal shareholders are exempt from the reporting and short-swing profit recovery provisions contained in Section 16 of the Exchange Act. Copies of reports and other information, when so filed, may be inspected without charge at the SECs Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information regarding the Washington, D.C. Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.
The SEC also maintains an Internet website at www.sec.gov that contains reports, information statements, and other information regarding registrants that make electronic filings with the SEC using its EDGAR system.
We will furnish to Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as depositary of our ADSs, our annual reports. When the depositary receives these reports, it will upon our request promptly provide them to all holders of record of ADSs. We will also furnish the depositary with all notices of shareholders meetings and other reports and communications in English that we make available to our shareholders. The depositary will make these notices, reports and communications available to holders of ADSs and will upon our request mail to all holders of record of ADSs the information contained in any notice of a shareholders meeting it receives.
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The rules of the SEC allow us to incorporate by reference information into this prospectus. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be a part of this prospectus. Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this registration statement to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus or in any other subsequently filed document which is incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this registration statement.
The following documents filed with the SEC are incorporated in this prospectus by reference:
(1) | Our annual report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2010 (File No. 001-33178) which we filed with the SEC on April 1, 2010; |
(2) | The description of the securities contained in our registration statement on Form 8-A filed on December 4, 2006 pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act, together with all amendments and reports filed for the purpose of updating that description; and |
(3) | Our report on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on November 29, 2011. |
We also incorporate by reference in this prospectus all subsequent annual reports filed with the SEC on Form 20-F under the Exchange Act and those of our reports submitted to the SEC on Form 6-K that we specifically identify in such form as being incorporated by reference in this prospectus after the date hereof and prior to the completion of an offering of securities under this prospectus.
In addition, all reports and other documents filed or submitted by our company pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act subsequent to the date hereof and prior to the termination of an offering pursuant to this prospectus shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus and to be part of this prospectus from the date of filing or submission of such reports and documents.
We will provide without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom this prospectus is delivered, upon his or her written or oral request, a copy of any or all of the information that has been or may be incorporated by reference into this prospectus other than exhibits which are not specifically incorporated by reference into those documents. In all cases, you should rely on the later information over different information included in this prospectus. Requests for such copies should be directed to:
Melco Crown Entertainment Limited
36th Floor, The Centrium
60 Wyndham Street
Central, Hong Kong
Attn: Company Secretary
Telephone number: (852) 2598 3600
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MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2010, 2009 AND 2008
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Melco Crown Entertainment Limited:
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Melco Crown Entertainment Limited and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2010, based on the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Companys management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Managements Annual Report on Internal Control over Financing Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Companys internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the companys principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the companys board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements and related financial statements included in Schedule 1 as of and for the year ended December 31, 2010 of the Company and our report dated April 1, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule.
/s/ Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Certified Public Accountants
Hong Kong
April 1, 2011
F-2
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Melco Crown Entertainment Limited:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Melco Crown Entertainment Limited and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders equity, and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. Our audits also included the related financial statements included in Schedule 1. These consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, such related financial statements included in Schedule 1, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly in all material respects, the information set forth therein.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated April 1, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Companys internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Certified Public Accountants
Hong Kong
April 1, 2011
F-3
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
December 31, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
CURRENT ASSETS |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 441,923 | $ | 212,598 | ||||
Restricted cash |
167,286 | 236,119 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, net (Note 3) |
259,521 | 262,176 | ||||||
Amounts due from affiliated companies (Note 19(a)) |
1,528 | 1 | ||||||
Income tax receivable |
198 | | ||||||
Inventories |
14,990 | 9,425 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
15,026 | 16,877 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current assets |
900,472 | 737,196 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET (Note 4) |
2,671,895 | 2,786,646 | ||||||
GAMING SUBCONCESSION, NET (Note 5) |
656,742 | 713,979 | ||||||
INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET (Note 6) |
4,220 | 4,220 | ||||||
GOODWILL (Note 6) |
81,915 | 81,915 | ||||||
LONG-TERM PREPAYMENT, DEPOSITS AND OTHER ASSETS (Note 7) |
95,629 | 52,365 | ||||||
DEFERRED TAX ASSETS (Note 14) |
25 | | ||||||
DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS |
45,387 | 38,948 | ||||||
LAND USE RIGHTS, NET (Note 8) |
428,155 | 447,576 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
TOTAL |
$ | 4,884,440 | $ | 4,862,845 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 8,880 | $ | 8,719 | ||||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (Note 9) |
462,084 | 460,243 | ||||||
Income tax payable |
934 | 768 | ||||||
Current portion of long-term debt (Note 10) |
202,997 | 44,504 | ||||||
Amounts due to affiliated companies (Note 19(b)) |
673 | 7,384 | ||||||
Amounts due to shareholders (Note 19(c)) |
36 | 25 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current liabilities |
675,604 | 521,643 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
LONG-TERM DEBT (Note 10) |
1,521,251 | 1,638,703 | ||||||
OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES (Note 11) |
6,496 | 20,619 | ||||||
DEFERRED TAX LIABILITIES (Note 14) |
18,010 | 17,757 | ||||||
LOANS FROM SHAREHOLDERS (Note 19(c)) |
115,647 | 115,647 | ||||||
LAND USE RIGHT PAYABLE (Note 18(a)) |
24,241 | 39,432 | ||||||
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 18) |
||||||||
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
Ordinary shares at US$0.01 par value per share (Authorized - 2,500,000,000 shares as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 and issued - 1,605,658,111 and 1,595,617,550 shares as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 (Note 13)) |
16,056 | 15,956 | ||||||
Treasury shares, at US$0.01 par value per share (8,409,186 and 471,567 shares as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 (Note 13)) |
(84 | ) | (5 | ) | ||||
Additional paid-in capital |
3,095,730 | 3,088,768 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive losses |
(11,345 | ) | (29,034 | ) | ||||
Accumulated losses |
(577,166 | ) | (566,641 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total shareholders equity |
2,523,191 | 2,509,044 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
TOTAL |
$ | 4,884,440 | $ | 4,862,845 | ||||
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F-4
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
OPERATING REVENUES |
||||||||||||
Casino |
$ | 2,550,542 | $ | 1,304,634 | $ | 1,405,932 | ||||||
Rooms |
83,718 | 41,215 | 17,084 | |||||||||
Food and beverage |
56,679 | 28,180 | 16,107 | |||||||||
Entertainment, retail and others |
32,679 | 11,877 | 5,396 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Gross revenues |
2,723,618 | 1,385,906 | 1,444,519 | |||||||||
Less: promotional allowances |
(81,642 | ) | (53,033 | ) | (28,385 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net revenues |
2,641,976 | 1,332,873 | 1,416,134 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES |
||||||||||||
Casino |
(1,949,024 | ) | (1,130,302 | ) | (1,159,930 | ) | ||||||
Rooms |
(16,132 | ) | (6,357 | ) | (1,342 | ) | ||||||
Food and beverage |
(32,898 | ) | (16,853 | ) | (12,745 | ) | ||||||
Entertainment, retail and others |
(19,776 | ) | (4,004 | ) | (1,240 | ) | ||||||
General and administrative |
(199,830 | ) | (130,986 | ) | (90,707 | ) | ||||||
Pre-opening costs |
(18,648 | ) | (91,882 | ) | (21,821 | ) | ||||||
Amortization of gaming subconcession |
(57,237 | ) | (57,237 | ) | (57,237 | ) | ||||||
Amortization of land use rights |
(19,522 | ) | (18,395 | ) | (18,269 | ) | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
(236,306 | ) | (141,864 | ) | (51,379 | ) | ||||||
Property charges and others |
(91 | ) | (7,040 | ) | (290 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total operating costs and expenses |
(2,549,464 | ) | (1,604,920 | ) | (1,414,960 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) |
92,512 | (272,047 | ) | 1,174 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
NON-OPERATING EXPENSES |
||||||||||||
Interest income |
404 | 498 | 8,215 | |||||||||
Interest expenses, net of capitalized interest |
(93,357 | ) | (31,824 | ) | | |||||||
Amortization of deferred financing costs |
(14,302 | ) | (5,974 | ) | (765 | ) | ||||||
Loan commitment fees |
3,811 | (2,253 | ) | (14,965 | ) | |||||||
Foreign exchange gain, net |
3,563 | 491 | 1,436 | |||||||||
Other income, net |
1,074 | 2,516 | 972 | |||||||||
Costs associated with debt modification |
(3,310 | ) | | | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total non-operating expenses |
(102,117 | ) | (36,546 | ) | (5,107 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAX |
(9,605 | ) | (308,593 | ) | (3,933 | ) | ||||||
INCOME TAX (EXPENSE) CREDIT (Note 14) |
(920 | ) | 132 | 1,470 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
NET LOSS |
$ | (10,525 | ) | $ | (308,461 | ) | $ | (2,463 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
LOSS PER SHARE: |
||||||||||||
Basic |
$ | (0.007 | ) | $ | (0.210 | ) | $ | (0.002 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Diluted |
$ | (0.007 | ) | $ | (0.210 | ) | $ | (0.002 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES USED IN LOSS PER SHARE CALCULATION: |
||||||||||||
Basic |
1,595,552,022 | 1,465,974,019 | 1,320,946,942 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Diluted |
1,595,552,022 | 1,465,974,019 | 1,320,946,942 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F-5
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
Common Shares | Treasury Shares | Additional Paid-in Capital |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Losses |
Accumulated Losses |
Total Shareholders Equity |
Comprehensive (Loss) Income |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE AT JANUARY 1, 2008 |
1,320,938,902 | $ | 13,209 | | $ | | $ | 2,682,125 | $ | (11,076 | ) | $ | (255,717 | ) | $ | 2,428,541 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss for the year |
| | | | | | (2,463 | ) | (2,463 | ) | $ | (2,463 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in fair value of interest rate swap agreements |
| | | | | (24,609 | ) | | (24,609 | ) | (24,609 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reversal of over-accrued offering expenses |
| | | | 117 | | | 117 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation (Note 15) |
| | | | 7,018 | | | 7,018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued upon restricted shares vested (Note 13) |
226,317 | 3 | | | (3 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued for future exercise of share options (Note 13) |
385,180 | 4 | (385,180 | ) | (4 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2008 |
1,321,550,399 | 13,216 | (385,180 | ) | (4 | ) | 2,689,257 | (35,685 | ) | (258,180 | ) | 2,408,604 | $ | (27,072 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss for the year |
| | | | | | (308,461 | ) | (308,461 | ) | $ | (308,461 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
| | | | | (11 | ) | | (11 | ) | (11 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in fair value of interest rate swap agreements |
| | | | | 6,662 | | 6,662 | 6,662 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation (Note 15) |
| | | | 11,807 | | | 11,807 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued, net of offering expenses (Note 13) |
263,155,335 | 2,631 | | | 380,898 | | | 383,529 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued upon restricted shares vested (Note 13) |
8,297,110 | 83 | | | 6,831 | | | 6,914 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued for future vesting of restricted shares (Note 13) |
2,614,706 | 26 | (2,614,706 | ) | (26 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of shares for restricted shares vested (Note 13) |
| | 2,528,319 | 25 | (25 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2009 |
1,595,617,550 | 15,956 | (471,567 | ) | (5 | ) | 3,088,768 | (29,034 | ) | (566,641 | ) | 2,509,044 | $ | (301,810 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss for the year |
| | | | | | (10,525 | ) | (10,525 | ) | $ | (10,525 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
| | | | | 32 | | 32 | 32 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in fair value of interest rate swap agreements |
| | | | | 17,657 | | 17,657 | 17,657 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation (Note 15) |
| | | | 6,045 | | | 6,045 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued upon restricted shares vested (Note 13) |
1,254,920 | 12 | | | (12 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued for future vesting of restricted shares and exercise of share options (Note 13) |
8,785,641 | 88 | (8,785,641 | ) | (88 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of shares for restricted shares vested (Note 13) |
| | 43,737 | 1 | (1 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of share options (Note 13) |
| | 804,285 | 8 | 930 | | | 938 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 |
1,605,658,111 | $ | 16,056 | (8,409,186 | ) | $ | (84 | ) | $ | 3,095,730 | $ | (11,345 | ) | $ | (577,166 | ) | $ | 2,523,191 | $ | 7,164 | ||||||||||||||||
|
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F-6
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands of U.S. dollars)
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (10,525 | ) | $ | (308,461 | ) | $ | (2,463 | ) | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: |
||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
313,065 | 217,496 | 126,885 | |||||||||
Amortization of deferred financing costs |
14,302 | 5,974 | 765 | |||||||||
Amortization of discount on senior notes payable |
417 | | | |||||||||
Impairment loss recognized on property and equipment |
| 3,137 | 17 | |||||||||
Loss (gain) on disposal of property and equipment |
176 | 640 | (328 | ) | ||||||||
Allowance for doubtful debts |
33,182 | 16,757 | 5,378 | |||||||||
Written off deferred financing costs on modification of debt |
1,992 | | | |||||||||
Share-based compensation |
6,043 | 11,385 | 6,855 | |||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||||||
Accounts receivable |
(45,795 | ) | (209,025 | ) | (29,065 | ) | ||||||
Amounts due from affiliated companies |
(1,527 | ) | 649 | 89 | ||||||||
Inventories |
(5,565 | ) | (6,081 | ) | (917 | ) | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
1,914 | (4,107 | ) | (1,272 | ) | |||||||
Long-term prepayment, deposits and other assets |
180 | (1,712 | ) | 1,219 | ||||||||
Deferred tax assets |
(25 | ) | 28 | (28 | ) | |||||||
Accounts payable |
64 | 6,225 | (3,670 | ) | ||||||||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
94,190 | 158,332 | (110,245 | ) | ||||||||
Income tax payable |
(34 | ) | (1,186 | ) | 394 | |||||||
Amounts due to affiliated companies |
(689 | ) | (1,220 | ) | (3,461 | ) | ||||||
Amounts due to shareholders |
11 | 25 | | |||||||||
Other long-term liabilities |
326 | 321 | 784 | |||||||||
Deferred tax liabilities |
253 | (1,434 | ) | (2,095 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
401,955 | (112,257 | ) | (11,158 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||
Acquisition of property and equipment |
(197,385 | ) | (937,074 | ) | (1,053,992 | ) | ||||||
Deposits for acquisition of property and equipment |
(5,224 | ) | (2,712 | ) | (34,699 | ) | ||||||
Payment for entertainment production costs |
(27,116 | ) | (21,735 | ) | (16,127 | ) | ||||||
Changes in restricted cash |
69,137 | (168,142 | ) | 231,006 | ||||||||
Payment for land use right |
(29,802 | ) | (30,559 | ) | (42,090 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment |
80 | 3,730 | 2,300 | |||||||||
Refund of deposit for acquisition of land interest |
| 12,853 | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(190,310 | ) | (1,143,639 | ) | (913,602 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||
Payment of deferred financing costs |
(22,944 | ) | (870 | ) | (7,641 | ) | ||||||
Loans from shareholders |
| | (181 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from issue of share capital |
| 383,529 | | |||||||||
Proceeds from long-term debt |
592,026 | 270,691 | 912,307 | |||||||||
Principal payments on long-term debt |
(551,402 | ) | | | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
17,680 | 653,350 | 904,485 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
229,325 | (602,546 | ) | (20,275 | ) | |||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR |
212,598 | 815,144 | 835,419 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR |
$ | 441,923 | $ | 212,598 | $ | 815,144 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F-7
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars)
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOWS |
||||||||||||
Cash paid for interest (net of capitalized interest) |
$ | (85,183 | ) | $ | (27,978 | ) | $ | (181 | ) | |||
Cash paid for tax (net of refunds) |
$ | (726 | ) | $ | (2,457 | ) | $ | | ||||
NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||
Construction costs and property and equipment funded through accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
$ | 16,885 | $ | 91,648 | $ | 246,998 | ||||||
Land use right cost funded through accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
$ | 80 | $ | 22,462 | $ | | ||||||
Costs of property and equipment funded through amounts due to affiliated companies |
$ | | $ | 4,427 | $ | 1,562 | ||||||
Disposal of property and equipment through amount due from an affiliated company |
$ | | $ | | $ | (2,788 | ) | |||||
Deferred financing costs funded through accounts payable and accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
$ | 240 | $ | | $ | 1,427 | ||||||
Provision of bonus funded through restricted shares issued and vested |
$ | | $ | 6,914 | $ | | ||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.
F-8
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
1. | COMPANY INFORMATION |
Melco Crown Entertainment Limited (the Company together with its subsidiaries, MCE) was incorporated in the Cayman Islands on December 17, 2004 and completed an initial public offering of its ordinary shares in December 2006. MCE is a developer, owner and, through its subsidiary, Melco Crown Gaming (Macau) Limited (Melco Crown Gaming), operator of casino gaming and entertainment resort facilities focused on the Macau Special Administrative Region of the Peoples Republic of China (Macau) market. MCE currently owns and operates City of Dreams - an integrated resort development which opened in June 2009, Taipa Square Casino which opened in June 2008, Altira Macau (formerly known as Crown Macau) - a casino and hotel resort which opened in May 2007, and Mocha Clubs - a non-casino-based operations of electronic gaming machines which has been in operation since September 2003. MCEs American depository shares (ADS) are traded on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol MPEL. The Company changed its name from Melco PBL Entertainment (Macau) Limited to Melco Crown Entertainment Limited pursuant to shareholders resolutions passed on May 27, 2008.
As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the major shareholders of the Company are Melco International Development Limited (Melco), a company listed in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the Peoples Republic of China (Hong Kong), and Crown Limited (Crown), an Australian-listed corporation, which completed its acquisition of the gaming businesses and investments of Publishing and Broadcasting Limited (PBL) on December 12, 2007. PBL, an Australian-listed corporation, is now known as Consolidated Media Holdings Limited.
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
(a) | Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation |
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (US GAAP).
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation.
(b) | Use of Estimates |
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. These estimates and judgements are based on historical information, information that is currently available to the Company and on various other assumptions that the Company believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates.
(c) | Fair Value Measurements |
Fair values are measured in accordance with the accounting standards for fair value measurements. These accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received to sell the asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e. the exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
F-9
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued |
(c) | Fair Value Measurements - continued |
The carrying values of the Companys financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, other current assets, amounts due from (to) affiliated companies, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, amounts due to shareholders, loans from shareholders, land use right payable, interest rate swap agreements and debt instruments approximate their fair values, except for the Companys $600,000 10.25% senior notes, due 2018 (the Senior Notes) as disclosed in Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements which estimated fair value is based on quoted market price.
(d) | Cash and Cash Equivalents |
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand, demand deposits and highly liquid investments which are unrestricted as to withdrawal and use, and which have maturities of three months or less when purchased.
Cash equivalents are placed with financial institutions with high-credit ratings and quality.
(e) | Restricted Cash |
Restricted cash consists of cash deposited into bank accounts and restricted for repayments of the Companys senior secured credit facility (the City of Dreams Project Facility) and payments of City of Dreams project costs in accordance with the City of Dreams Project Facility as disclosed in Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements.
(f) | Accounts Receivable and Credit Risk |
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of casino receivables. The Company issues credit in the form of markers to approved casino customers following investigations of creditworthiness including its gaming promoters in Macau which receivable can be offset against commissions payable and any other value items held by the Company to the respective customer and for which the Company intends to set-off when required. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, a substantial portion of the Companys markers were due from customers residing in foreign countries. Business or economic conditions, the legal enforceability of gaming debts, or other significant events in foreign countries could affect the collectability of receivables from customers and gaming promoters residing in these countries.
Accounts receivable, including casino, hotel and other receivables, are typically non-interest bearing and are initially recorded at cost. Accounts are written off when management deems it is probable the receivable is uncollectible. Recoveries of accounts previously written off are recorded when received. An estimated allowance for doubtful debts is maintained to reduce the Companys receivables to their carrying amounts, which approximates fair value. The allowance is estimated based on specific review of customer accounts as well as managements experience with collection trends in the casino industry and current economic and business conditions. Management believes that as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, no significant concentrations of credit risk existed for which an allowance had not already been recorded.
F-10
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued |
(g) | Inventories |
Inventories consist of retail merchandise, food and beverage items and certain operating supplies, which are stated at the lower of cost or market value. Cost is calculated using the first-in, first-out, average and specific identification methods. Write downs of potentially obsolete or slow-moving inventory are recorded based on managements specific analysis of inventory.
(h) | Property and Equipment |
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses. Gains or losses on dispositions of property and equipment are included in operating income (loss). Major additions, renewals and betterments are capitalized, while maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.
Depreciation and amortization are provided over the estimated useful lives of the assets using the straight-line method from the time the assets are placed in service. Estimated useful lives are as follows:
Classification |
Estimated useful life | |
Buildings |
7 to 25 years or over the term of the land use right agreement, whichever is shorter | |
Furniture, fixtures and equipment |
2 to 10 years | |
Plant and gaming machinery |
3 to 5 years | |
Leasehold improvements |
10 years or over the lease term, whichever is shorter | |
Motor vehicles |
5 years |
Direct and incremental costs related to the construction of assets, including costs under the construction contracts, duties and tariffs, equipment installation and shipping costs, are capitalized.
(i) | Capitalization of Interest and Amortization of Deferred Financing Costs |
Interest and amortization of deferred financing costs incurred on funds used to construct the Companys casino gaming and entertainment resort facilities during the active construction period are capitalized. Interest subject to capitalization primarily includes interest paid or payable on loans from shareholders, City of Dreams Project Facility, interest rate swap agreements and the Senior Notes. The capitalization of interest and amortization of deferred financing costs ceases once a project is substantially complete or development activity is suspended for more than a brief period. The amount to be capitalized is determined by applying the weighted-average interest rate of the Companys outstanding borrowings to the average amount of accumulated capital expenditures for assets under construction during the year and is added to the cost of the underlying assets and amortized over their respective useful lives. Total interest expenses incurred amounted to $105,180, $82,310 and $49,629, of which $11,823, $50,486 and $49,629 were capitalized for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Additionally, deferred financing costs of nil, $4,414 and $7,262 were capitalized for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
F-11
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued |
(j) | Gaming Subconcession, Net |
The gaming subconcession is capitalized based on the fair value of the gaming subconcession agreement as of the date of acquisition of Melco Crown Gaming, and amortized using the straight-line method over the term of agreement which is due to expire in June 2022.
(k) | Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net |
Goodwill represents the excess of acquisition costs over the fair value of tangible and identifiable intangible net assets of any business acquired. Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis, and between annual tests in certain circumstances that indicate the carrying value of the goodwill may not be recoverable, and written down when impaired.
Intangible assets other than goodwill are amortized over their useful lives unless their lives are determined to be indefinite in which case they are not amortized. Intangible assets are carried at cost, less accumulated amortization. The Companys finite-lived intangible asset consists of the gaming subconcession. Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized over the shorter of their contractual terms or estimated useful lives. The Companys intangible assets with indefinite lives represent Mocha Clubs trademarks.
(l) | Impairment of Long-Lived Assets (Other Than Goodwill) |
The Company evaluates the recoverability of long-lived assets with finite lives whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value. During the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, impairment losses amounting to nil, $282 and $17, respectively, were recognized to write off gaming equipment due to the reconfiguration of the casino at Altira Macau to meet the evolving demands of gaming patrons and target specific segments. During the year ended December 31, 2009, an impairment loss amounting to $2,855 was recognized to write off the construction in progress carried out at the Macau Peninsula site following termination of the related acquisition agreement. These impairment losses were included in Property Charges and Others line item in the consolidated statements of operations.
(m) | Deferred Financing Costs |
Direct and incremental costs incurred in obtaining loans or in connection with the issuance of long-term debt are capitalized and amortized over the terms of the related debt agreements using the effective interest method. Approximately $14,302, $10,388 and $8,027 were amortized during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, of which a portion was capitalized as mentioned in Note 2(i) to the consolidated financial statements.
(n) | Land Use Rights, Net |
Land use rights are recorded at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is provided over the estimated lease term of the land on a straight-line basis.
F-12
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued |
(o) | Revenue Recognition and Promotional Allowances |
The Company recognizes revenue at the time persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the service is provided or the retail goods are sold, prices are fixed or determinable and collection is reasonably assured.
Casino revenues are measured by the aggregate net difference between gaming wins and losses less accruals for the anticipated payouts of progressive slot jackpots, with liabilities recognized for funds deposited by customers before gaming play occurs and for chips in the customers possession.
The Company follows the accounting standards for reporting revenue gross as a principal versus net as an agent, when accounting for operations of Taipa Square Casino and Grand Hyatt Macau hotel. For the operations of Taipa Square Casino, given the Company operates the casino under a right to use agreement with the owner of the casino premises and has full responsibility for the casino operations in accordance with its gaming subconcession, it is the principal and casino revenue is therefore recognized on a gross basis. For the operations of Grand Hyatt Macau hotel, the Company is the owner of the hotel property, and the hotel manager operates the hotel under a management agreement providing management services to the Company, and the Company receives all rewards and takes substantial risks associated with the hotel business, it is the principal and the transactions of the hotel are therefore recognized on a gross basis.
Rooms, food and beverage, entertainment, retail and other revenues are recognized when services are performed. Advance deposits on rooms and advance ticket sales are recorded as customer deposits until services are provided to the customer. Minimum operating and right to use fee, adjusted for contractual base fee and operating fee escalations, are included in entertainment, retail and other revenues and are recognized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the related agreement.
Revenues are recognized net of certain sales incentives which are required to be recorded as a reduction of revenue; consequently, the Companys casino revenues are reduced by discounts, commissions and points earned in customer loyalty programs, such as the players club loyalty program.
The retail value of rooms, food and beverage, entertainment, retail and other services furnished to guests without charge is included in gross revenues and then deducted as promotional allowances. The estimated cost of providing such promotional allowances for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, is primarily included in casino expenses as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
Rooms |
$ | 10,395 | $ | 6,778 | $ | 4,240 | ||||||
Food and beverage |
27,870 | 17,296 | 9,955 | |||||||||
Entertainment, retail and others |
5,545 | 3,448 | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
$ | 43,810 | $ | 27,522 | $ | 14,195 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(p) | Point-loyalty Programs |
The Company operates different loyalty programs in certain of its properties to encourage repeat business from loyal slot machine customers and table games patrons. Members earn points based on gaming activity and such points can be redeemed for free play and other free goods and services. The
F-13
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued |
(p) | Point-loyalty Programs - continued |
Company accrues for loyalty program points expected to be redeemed for cash and free play as a reduction to gaming revenue and accrues for loyalty program points expected to be redeemed for free goods and services as casino expense. The accruals are based on managements estimates and assumptions regarding the redemption value, age and history with expiration of unused points results in a reduction of the accruals.
(q) | Gaming Tax |
The Company is subject to taxes based on gross gaming revenue in Macau. These gaming taxes are an assessment on the Companys gaming revenue and are recorded as an expense within the Casino line item in the consolidated statements of operations. These taxes totaled $1,362,007, $737,485 and $767,544 for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
(r) | Pre-opening Costs |
Pre-opening costs, consist primarily of marketing expenses and other expenses related to new or start-up operations and are expensed as incurred. The Company incurred pre-opening costs in connection with City of Dreams prior to its opening in June 2009 and continues to incur such costs related to remaining portion of City of Dreams project and other one-off activities related to the marketing of new facilities and operations.
(s) | Advertising Expenses |
The Company expenses all advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs incurred during development periods are included in pre-opening costs. Once a project is completed, advertising costs are mainly included in general and administrative expenses. Total advertising costs were $45,267, $29,018 and $5,283 for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
(t) | Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations |
All transactions in currencies other than functional currencies of the Company during the year are remeasured at the exchange rates prevailing on the respective transaction dates. Monetary assets and liabilities existing at the balance sheet date denominated in currencies other than functional currencies are remeasured at the exchange rates existing on that date. Exchange differences are recorded in the consolidated statements of operations.
The functional currencies of the Company and its major subsidiaries are the U.S. dollars and, Hong Kong dollars or the Macau Patacas, respectively. All assets and liabilities are translated at the rates of exchange prevailing at the balance sheet date and all income and expense items are translated at the average rates of exchange over the year. All exchange differences arising from the translation of subsidiaries financial statements are recorded as a component of comprehensive (loss) income.
(u) | Share-based Compensation Expenses |
The Company issued restricted shares and share options under its share incentive plan during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008.
F-14
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued |
(u) | Share-based Compensation Expenses - continued |
The Company measures the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award and recognizes that cost over the service period. Compensation is attributed to the periods of associated service and such expense is being recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the awards. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant, with such estimate updated periodically and with actual forfeitures recognized currently to the extent they differ from the estimate.
Further information on the Companys share-based compensation arrangements is included in Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements.
(v) | Income Tax |
The Company is subject to income taxes in Hong Kong, Macau, the United States of America and other jurisdictions where it operates.
Deferred income taxes are recognized for all significant temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The components of the deferred tax assets and liabilities are individually classified as current and non-current based on the characteristics of the underlying assets and liabilities. Current income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws of the relevant taxing authorities.
The Companys income tax returns are subject to examination by tax authorities in the jurisdictions where it operates. The Company assesses potentially unfavorable outcomes of such examinations based on accounting standards for uncertain income taxes which the Company adopted on January 1, 2007. These accounting standards utilize a two-step approach to recognizing and measuring uncertain tax positions. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount which is more than 50% likely, based solely on the technical merits, of being sustained on examinations.
(w) | Loss Per Share |
Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss available to ordinary shareholders by the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year.
Diluted loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss available to ordinary shareholders by the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding adjusted to include the potentially dilutive effect of outstanding share-based awards.
F-15
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued |
(w) | Loss Per Share - continued |
The weighted-average number of ordinary and ordinary equivalent shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted loss per share consisted of the following:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
Weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding used in the calculation of basic loss per share |
1,595,552,022 | 1,465,974,019 | 1,320,946,942 | |||||||||
Incremental weighted-average number of ordinary shares from assumed exercised of restricted shares and share options using the treasury stock method |
| | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding used in the calculation of diluted loss per share |
1,595,552,022 | 1,465,974,019 | 1,320,946,942 | |||||||||
|
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|
|
During the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Company had securities which would potentially dilute basic loss per share in the future, but which were excluded from the computation of diluted loss per share as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. Such outstanding securities consist of restricted shares and share options which result in an incremental weighted-average number of 9,377,509, 13,931,088 and 3,897,756 ordinary shares from the assumed conversion of these restricted shares and share options using the treasury stock method for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
(x) | Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities |
The Company uses derivative financial instruments such as floating-for-fixed interest rate swap agreements to hedge its risks associated with interest rate fluctuations in accordance with lenders requirements under the City of Dreams Project Facility. The Company accounts for derivative financial instruments in accordance with applicable accounting standards. All derivative instruments are recognized in the consolidated financial statements at fair value at the balance sheet date. Any changes in fair value are recorded in the consolidated statement of operations or in accumulated other comprehensive losses, depending on whether the derivative is designated and qualifies for hedge accounting, the type of hedge transaction and the effectiveness of the hedge. The estimated fair values of interest rate swap agreements are based on a standard valuation model that projects future cash flows and discounts those future cash flows to a present value using market-based observable inputs such as interest rate yields.
Further information on the Companys outstanding financial instrument arrangements as of December 31, 2010 is included in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements.
F-16
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued |
(y) | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Losses |
Accumulated other comprehensive losses represent foreign currency translation adjustment and changes in the fair value of interest rate swap agreements. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Companys accumulated other comprehensive losses consisted of the following:
December 31, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
$ | (924 | ) | $ | (956 | ) | ||
Changes in the fair value of interest rate swap agreements |
(10,421 | ) | (28,078 | ) | ||||
|
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|
|
|||||
$ | (11,345 | ) | $ | (29,034 | ) | |||
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|
(z) | Reclassifications |
The consolidated financial statements for prior years reflect certain reclassifications, which have no effect on previously reported net loss, to conform to the current year presentation.
(aa) | Recent Changes in Accounting Standards |
In January 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued new accounting standards regarding new requirements for disclosures about transfers into and out of Levels 1 and 2 and separate disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances and settlements relating to Level 3 measurement on a gross basis rather than as a net basis as currently required. Those accounting standards also clarify existing fair value disclosures about the level of disaggregation and about inputs and valuation techniques used to measure fair value and are effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2009, except for the requirement to provide the level 3 activity of purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements on a gross basis, which will be effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2010. Early application is permitted and in the period of initial adoption, entities are not required to provide the amended disclosures for any previous periods presented for comparative purposes. The adoption of these new accounting standards did not and is not expected to have a material impact on the Companys financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In April 2010, the FASB issued ASU 2010-16, Entertainment - Casinos (Topic 924); Accruals for Casino Jackpot Liabilities. This ASU clarifies that an entity should not accrue a casino jackpot liability (or portions thereof) before the jackpot is won if the entity can avoid paying that jackpot. Jackpots should be accrued and charged to revenue when an entity has the obligation to pay the jackpot. ASU 2010-16 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2010. The Company adopted the ASU as of January 1, 2011. The adoption of these new accounting standards is not expected to have a material impact on the Companys financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In December 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2010-28, When to Perform Step 2 of the Goodwill Impairment Test for Reporting Units with Zero or Negative Carrying Amounts, a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force (Issue No. 10-A), modifies Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test under FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, for reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts to require an entity to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test if it is more likely than not that a goodwill
F-17
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued |
(aa) | Recent Changes in Accounting Standards - continued |
impairment exists. In determining whether it is more likely than not that goodwill impairment exists, an entity should consider whether there are adverse qualitative factors, including the examples provided in FASB ASC paragraph 350-20-35-30, in determining whether an interim goodwill impairment test between annual test dates is necessary. On adoption of this ASU, goodwill impairment that results from this requirement to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test would be recognized as cumulative effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings in the period of adoption. The ASU is effective for fiscal year, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2010 for a public entity. The Company adopted the ASU as of January 1, 2011. The Company has one reporting unit with goodwill - Mocha Clubs. As the carrying amount of that reporting unit is greater than zero, adoption of this ASU will not have a material impact for the Company.
3. | ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET |
December 31, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Components of accounts receivable, net are as follows: |
||||||||
Casino |
$ | 293,976 | $ | 283,265 | ||||
Hotel |
4,438 | 2,457 | ||||||
Other |
2,597 | 681 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Sub-total |
$ | 301,011 | $ | 286,403 | ||||
Less: allowance for doubtful debts |
(41,490 | ) | (24,227 | ) | ||||
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|
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$ | 259,521 | $ | 262,176 | |||||
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|
During the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company has provided allowance for doubtful debts of $32,241 and $16,114 and has written off accounts receivables of $941 and $643, respectively.
4. | PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET |
December 31, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Cost |
||||||||
Buildings |
$ | 2,439,425 | $ | 2,219,127 | ||||
Furniture, fixtures and equipment |
381,231 | 307,305 | ||||||
Plant and gaming machinery |
131,104 | 114,983 | ||||||
Leasehold improvements |
147,530 | 97,188 | ||||||
Motor vehicles |
4,309 | 3,375 | ||||||
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|
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|
|||||
Sub-total |
$ | 3,103,599 | $ | 2,741,978 | ||||
Less: accumulated depreciation |
(481,040 | ) | (249,780 | ) | ||||
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|
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Sub-total |
$ | 2,622,559 | $ | 2,492,198 | ||||
Construction in progress |
49,336 | 294,448 | ||||||
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|
|
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Property and equipment, net |
$ | 2,671,895 | $ | 2,786,646 | ||||
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F-18
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
4. | PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET - continued |
As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, construction in progress in relation to the City of Dreams project primarily included interest paid or payable on loans from shareholders, City of Dreams Project Facility and interest rate swap agreements, amortization of deferred financing costs and other direct incidental costs capitalized (representing insurance, salaries and wages and certain other professional charges incurred). As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, total cost capitalized for construction in progress amounted to $7,820 and $35,713, respectively, for the City of Dreams project.
5. | GAMING SUBCONCESSION, NET |
December 31, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Deemed cost |
$ | 900,000 | $ | 900,000 | ||||
Less: accumulated amortization |
(243,258 | ) | (186,021 | ) | ||||
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Gaming subconcession, net |
$ | 656,742 | $ | 713,979 | ||||
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The deemed cost was determined based on the estimated fair value of the gaming subconcession. The gaming subconcession is amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the gaming subconcession agreement which expires in June 2022. The Company expects that amortization of the gaming subconcession will be approximately $57,237 each year from 2011 through 2021, and approximately $27,135 in 2022.
6. | GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET |
Goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite useful lives, representing trademarks of Mocha Clubs, are not amortized. The Company has performed annual tests for impairment of goodwill and trademarks in accordance with the accounting standards regarding goodwill and other intangible assets and concluded that there was no impairment.
To assess potential impairment of goodwill, the Company performs an assessment of the carrying value of the reporting units at least on an annual basis or when events and changes in circumstances occur that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of our reporting units below their carrying value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the Company would perform the second step in its assessment process and record an impairment loss to earnings to the extent the carrying amount of the reporting units goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. The Company estimates the fair value of our reporting units through internal analysis and external valuations, which utilize income and market valuation approaches through the application of capitalized earnings, discounted cash flow and market comparable methods. These valuation techniques are based on a number of estimates and assumptions, including the projected future operating results of the reporting unit, appropriate discount rates, long-term growth rates and appropriate market comparables.
Trademarks of Mocha Clubs are tested for impairment using the relief-from-royalty method. Under this method, the Company estimates the fair value of the intangible assets through internal and external valuations, mainly based on the after-tax cash flow associated with the revenue related to the royalty. These valuation techniques are based on a number of estimates and assumptions, including the projected future revenues of the trademarks, appropriate royalty rates, appropriate discount rates, and long-term growth rates.
F-19
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
7. | LONG-TERM PREPAYMENT, DEPOSITS AND OTHER ASSETS |
Long-term prepayment, deposits and other assets consisted of the following:
December 31, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Entertainment production costs |
$ | 68,483 | $ | 42,573 | ||||
Less: accumulated amortization |
(2,283 | ) | | |||||
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|
|||||
Entertainment production costs, net |
$ | 66,200 | $ | 42,573 | ||||
Deposit and other |
12,085 | 9,792 | ||||||
Long-term receivables, net |
17,344 | | ||||||
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|||||
Long-term prepayment, deposits and other assets |
$ | 95,629 | $ | 52,365 | ||||
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Entertainment production costs represent the amount incurred and capitalized for the entertainment show in City of Dreams, which commenced performance in September 2010. The Company expects that amortization of entertainment production costs will be approximately $6,848 each year from 2011 through 2019, and approximately $4,568 in 2020.
Long-term receivables, net includes an allowance for doubtful debts of $14,978 as of December 31, 2010, with $9,978 and $5,000 raised during the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
8. | LAND USE RIGHTS, NET |
Land use rights consisted of the following:
December 31, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Altira Macau |
$ | 141,543 | $ | 141,543 | ||||
City of Dreams |
376,122 | 376,021 | ||||||
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$ | 517,665 | $ | 517,564 | |||||
Less: accumulated amortization |
(89,510 | ) | (69,988 | ) | ||||
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|
|||||
Land use rights, net |
$ | 428,155 | $ | 447,576 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Land use rights are recorded at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is provided over the estimated lease term of the land on a straight-line basis. The expiry date of the leases of the land use rights of the Altira Macau and City of Dreams projects were March 2031 and August 2033, respectively.
In November 2009, the Companys subsidiaries, Melco Crown (COD) Developments Limited (Melco Crown (COD) Developments) and Melco Crown Gaming accepted in principle the initial terms for the revision of the land lease agreement from the Macau government and recognized additional land premium of $32,118 payable to the Macau government for the increased developable gross floor area of Cotai Land in Macau, where the City of Dreams site located. In March 2010, Melco Crown (COD) Developments and Melco Crown Gaming accepted the final terms for the revision of the land lease agreement and fully paid the additional premium to the Macau government. The land grant amendment process was completed on September 15, 2010.
F-20
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
9. | ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES |
December 31, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Construction costs payable |
$ | 14,218 | $ | 80,668 | ||||
Customer deposits and ticket sales |
50,143 | 45,852 | ||||||
Outstanding gaming chips and tokens |
131,158 | 136,774 | ||||||
Other gaming related accruals |
15,065 | 21,216 | ||||||
Gaming tax accruals |
137,299 | 67,376 | ||||||
Land use right payable |
15,191 | 29,781 | ||||||
Operating expense accruals |
90,867 | 67,232 | ||||||
Interest rate swap liabilities |
8,143 | 11,344 | ||||||
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$ | 462,084 | $ | 460,243 | |||||
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10. | LONG-TERM DEBT |
Long-term debt consisted of the following:
December 31, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
City of Dreams Project Facility |
$ | 1,131,805 | $ | 1,683,207 | ||||
$600,000 10.25% senior notes, due 2018 |
592,443 | | ||||||
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|
|
|
|||||
$ | 1,724,248 | $ | 1,683,207 | |||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
(202,997 | ) | (44,504 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 1,521,251 | $ | 1,638,703 | |||||
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|
|
City of Dreams Project Facility
On September 5, 2007, Melco Crown Gaming (the Borrower) entered into the City of Dreams Project Facility with certain lenders in the aggregate amount of $1,750,000 to fund the City of Dreams project. The City of Dreams Project Facility consists of a $1,500,000 term loan facility (the Term Loan Facility) and a $250,000 revolving credit facility (the Revolving Credit Facility). The Term Loan Facility matures on September 5, 2014 and is subject to quarterly amortization payments (the Scheduled Amortization Payments) commencing on December 5, 2010. The Revolving Credit Facility matures on September 5, 2012 or, if earlier, the date of repayment, prepayment or cancellation in full of the Term Loan Facility and has no interim amortization payment. In addition to the Scheduled Amortization Payments, the Borrower is also subject to quarterly mandatory prepayments (the Mandatory Prepayments) in respect of the following amounts within certain subsidiaries of the Borrower (together with the Borrower collectively referred to as the Borrowing Group) including but not limited to: (i) 50% of the net proceeds of any permitted equity issuance of any member of the Borrowing Group; (ii) the net proceeds of any asset sales; (iii) net termination proceeds paid under the Borrowers subconcession and certain contracts or agreements; (iv) certain net proceeds or liquidated damages paid; (v) insurance proceeds net of expenses to obtain such proceeds; and (vi) excess cash as defined under a leverage test.
Drawdowns on the Term Loan Facility are, subject to satisfaction of conditions precedent specified in the City of Dreams Project Facility agreement, including registration of the land concession and execution of construction contracts, compliance with affirmative, negative and financial covenants and the provision of
F-21
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
10. | LONG-TERM DEBT - continued |
City of Dreams Project Facility - continued
certificates from technical consultants. The Revolving Credit Facility will be made available on a fully revolving basis from the date upon which the Term Loan Facility has been fully drawn, to the date that is one month prior to the Revolving Credit Facilitys final maturity date. As of December 31, 2010, the Term Loan Facility was fully drawn down and the availability period for this facility has expired.
The indebtedness under the City of Dreams Project Facility is guaranteed by the Borrowing Group. Security for the City of Dreams Project Facility includes a first-priority mortgage over all land where Altira Macau and the City of Dreams are located which are held by the subsidiaries of the Company, such mortgages also cover all present and any future buildings on, and fixtures to, the relevant land; an assignment of any land use rights under land concession agreements, leases or equivalent; charges over the bank accounts in respect of the Borrowing Group, subject to certain exceptions; assignment of the rights under certain insurance policies; first priority security over the chattels, receivables and other assets of the Borrowing Group which are not subject to any security under any other security documentation; first priority charges over the issued share capital of the Borrowing Group; equipment and tools used in the gaming business by the Borrowing Group; as well as other customary security.
The City of Dreams Project Facility agreement contains certain affirmative and negative covenants customary for such financings, including, but not limited to, limitations on incurring additional liens, incurring additional indebtedness, (including guarantees), making certain investments, paying dividends and other restricted payments, creating any subsidiaries and selling assets. The City of Dreams Project Facility also requires the Borrowing Group to comply with certain financial covenants, including, but not limited to, a consolidated leverage ratio, a consolidated interest cover ratio and a consolidated cash cover ratio.
In addition, there are provisions that limit or prohibit certain payment of dividends and other distributions by the Borrowing Group to the Company. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the net assets of the Borrowing Group of approximately $1,553,000 and $1,543,000 were restricted from being distributed under the terms of the City of Dreams Project Facility, respectively.
In May 2010, the Borrower entered into an amendment agreement to the City of Dreams Project Facility (the Amendment Agreement). The Amendment Agreement, among other things, (i) amends the date of the first covenant test date to December 31, 2010; (ii) provides additional flexibility to the financial covenants; (iii) removes the obligation but retains the right to enter into any new interest rate or foreign currency swaps or other hedging arrangements; and (iv) restricts the use of the net proceeds received from the issuance of the Senior Notes to repayment of certain amounts outstanding under the City of Dreams Project Facility, including prepaying the Term Loan Facility in an amount of $293,714 and the Revolving Credit Facility in an amount of $150,352, with the remaining net proceeds in an amount of $133,000 deposited in a bank account that is restricted for use to pay future Scheduled Amortization Payments commencing December 2010 as well as providing for a permanent reduction of the Revolving Credit Facility of $100,000.
In addition to the prepayment of the Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility in May 2010 as mentioned in the preceding paragraph, the Borrower further repaid $35,693 and prepaid $71,643 of the Term Loan Facility in December 2010 according to the Scheduled Amortization Payments and the Mandatory Prepayments, respectively.
Borrowings under the City of Dreams Project Facility bear interest at the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate (HIBOR) plus a margin of 2.75% per annum until substantial completion of the City of Dreams project, at which time the interest rate is reduced to LIBOR or HIBOR plus a margin of 2.50% per annum. The City of Dreams Project Facility also provides for further
F-22
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
10. | LONG-TERM DEBT - continued |
City of Dreams Project Facility - continued
reductions in the margin if the Borrowing Group satisfies certain prescribed leverage ratio tests upon completion of the City of Dreams project. As of December 31, 2010, the interest rate is reduced to LIBOR or HIBOR plus a margin of 2.50% per annum.
The balance of $250,000 short-term deposits which were placed by the Borrower in May and September 2009 to replace the letters of credit previously provided to support the contingent equity commitment by the major shareholders of MCE, Melco and Crown, were to be released upon the final completion for the City of Dreams project (or earlier subject to lender determination that the full amount is not required to meet remaining costs) and compliance with other release conditions under the City of Dreams Project Facility. As of December 31, 2010, the balance of $22,758 remained in the bank account that was restricted to meet the remaining City of Dreams project costs under disbursement terms.
The Borrower has not drawn down further on the Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility during the year ended December 31, 2010. During the year ended December 31, 2009, the Borrower drew down a total of $70,951, which includes $12,685 and HK$453,312,004 (equivalent to $58,266) on the Term Loan Facility and a total of $199,740, which includes $32,469 and HK$1,301,364,572 (equivalent to $167,271), on the Revolving Credit Facility, respectively.
The Borrower is obligated to pay a commitment fee quarterly in arrears on the undrawn amount of the City of Dreams Project Facility throughout the availability period. During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Borrower recognized loan commitment fees with credit amount of $3,811, which include a commitment fee of $814 and a reversal of accrual not required of $4,625. Loan commitment fees amounted to $2,253 and $14,965 during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, total outstanding borrowings relating to the City of Dreams Project Facility was $1,131,805 and $1,683,207, respectively. Management believes the Company is in compliance with all covenants as of December 31, 2010 and 2009. As of December 31, 2010, approximately $100,488 of the City of Dreams Project Facility remains available for future drawdown.
$600,000 10.25% senior notes, due 2018
On May 17, 2010, MCE Finance Limited (formerly known as MPEL Holdings Limited, Melco PBL Holdings Limited and MPBL Limited) (MCE Finance), a subsidiary of MCE, issued and listed the Senior Notes on the Official List of the Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited. The purchase price paid by the initial purchasers was 98.671% of the principal amount. The Senior Notes are general obligations of MCE Finance, rank equally in right of payment to all existing and future senior indebtedness of MCE Finance and rank senior in right of payment to any existing and future subordinated indebtedness of MCE Finance. The Senior Notes are effectively subordinated to all of MCE Finances existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such debt. MCE and one of its subsidiaries, MPEL International Limited (together, the Senior Guarantors), fully and unconditionally and jointly and severally guaranteed the Senior Notes on a senior secured basis. Certain other indirect subsidiaries of MCE Finance, including Melco Crown Gaming (together with the Senior Guarantors, the Guarantors), fully and unconditionally and jointly and severally guaranteed the Senior Notes on a senior subordinated secured basis. The Senior Notes mature on May 15, 2018. Interest on the Senior Notes is accrued at a rate of 10.25% per annum and is payable semi-annually in arrears on May 15 and November 15 of each year, commencing on November 15, 2010.
F-23
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
10. | LONG-TERM DEBT - continued |
$600,000 10.25% senior notes, due 2018 - continued
The net proceeds from the offering after deducting the original issue discount of approximately $7,974 and underwriting commissions and other expenses of approximately $14,960 was approximately $577,066. MCE used the net proceeds from the offering to reduce the indebtedness under the City of Dreams Project Facility by approximately $444,066 and deposited the remaining $133,000 in a bank account that is restricted for use to pay future City of Dreams Project Facility amortization payments commencing December 2010. The Senior Notes have been reflected net of discount under long-term debt in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2010.
At any time after May 15, 2014, MCE Finance may redeem some or all of the Senior Notes at the redemption prices set forth in the prospectus plus accrued and unpaid interest, additional amounts and liquidated damages, if any, to the redemption date. Prior to May 15, 2014, MCE Finance may redeem all or part of the Senior Notes at the redemption price set forth in the prospectus plus the applicable make-whole premium described in the prospectus plus accrued and unpaid interest, additional amounts and liquidated damages, if any, to the redemption date. Prior to May 15, 2013, MCE Finance may redeem up to 35% of the principal amount of the Senior Notes with the net cash proceeds from one or more certain equity offerings at the redemption price set forth in the prospectus, plus accrued and unpaid interest, additional amounts and liquidated damages, if any, to the redemption date. In addition, subject to certain exceptions and as more fully described in the prospectus, MCE Finance may redeem the Senior Notes in whole, but not in part, at a price equal to 100% of their principal amount plus accrued interest and unpaid interest, additional amounts and liquidated damages, if any, to the date fixed by MCE Finance for redemption, if MCE Finance or any Guarantor would become obligated to pay certain additional amounts as a result of certain changes in withholding tax laws or certain other circumstances. MCE Finance may also redeem the Senior Notes if the gaming authority of any jurisdiction in which MCE, MCE Finance or any of their respective subsidiaries conducts or proposed to conduct gaming requires holders or beneficial owners of the Senior Notes to be licensed, qualified or found suitable under applicable gaming laws and such holder or beneficial owner, as the case may be, fails to apply or become licensed or qualified or is found unsuitable.
The indenture governing the Senior Notes contains certain covenants that, subject to certain exceptions and conditions, limit the ability of MCE Finance and its restricted subsidiaries ability to, among other things, (i) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness; (ii) make specified restricted payments; (iii) issue or sell capital stock; (iv) sell assets; (v) create liens; (vi) enter into agreements that restrict the restricted subsidiaries ability to pay dividends, transfer assets or make intercompany loans; (vii) enter into transactions with shareholders or affiliates; and (viii) effect a consolidation or merger. As of December 31, 2010, MCE Finance was in compliance with each of the financial restrictions and requirements.
MCE Finance has entered into a registration rights agreement whereby MCE Finance has registered the notes to be issued in an exchange offer for the Senior Notes with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission in August 2010 and with further amendments filed in October and November 2010 in connection with the exchange offer, which registration statement was effective on November 12, 2010.
Total interest on long-term debt included amortization of discount in connection with issuance of Senior Notes of $417, interest incurred on Senior Notes of $38,438 for the year ended December 31, 2010, and interest incurred on City of Dreams Project Facility of $39,157, $50,824 and $40,178, for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, of which $11,823, $37,374 and $40,178 were capitalized as discussed in Note 2(i) to the consolidated financial statements.
F-24
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
10. | LONG-TERM DEBT - continued |
During the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Companys average borrowing rates were approximately 6.71% and 5.73% per annum, respectively.
Scheduled maturities of the Companys long-term debt as of December 31, 2010 including the accretion of debt discounts of approximately $7,557 are as follows:
Year ending December 31, |
||||
2011 |
$ | 202,997 | ||
2012 |
294,383 | |||
2013 |
289,540 | |||
2014 |
344,885 | |||
Thereafter |
600,000 | |||
|
|
|||
$ | 1,731,805 | |||
|
|
11. | OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES |
December 31, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Interest rate swap liabilities |
$ | 2,278 | $ | 16,727 | ||||
Deferred rent liabilities |
4,037 | 3,613 | ||||||
Other deposits received |
181 | 279 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 6,496 | $ | 20,619 | |||||
|
|
|
|
In connection with the signing of the City of Dreams Project Facility in September 2007 as disclosed in Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements, Melco Crown Gaming entered into floating-for-fixed interest rate swap agreements to limit its exposure to interest rate risk. In addition to the eight interest rate swap agreements entered in 2007 that expired in 2010, Melco Crown Gaming entered into six and another three interest rate swap agreements in 2008 and 2009 that expire in 2011 and 2012, respectively. Under the interest rate swap agreements, Melco Crown Gaming pays a fixed interest rate ranging from 1.96% to 4.74% per annum of the notional amount, and receives variable interest which is based on the applicable HIBOR for each on the payment date. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the notional amounts of the outstanding interest rate swap agreements amounted to $492,265 and $842,127, respectively.
These interest rate swap agreements were and are expected to remain highly effective in fixing the interest rate and qualify for cash flow hedge accounting. Therefore, there was no impact on consolidated statements of operations from changes in the fair value of the hedging instruments. Instead, the fair value of the instruments were recorded as assets or liabilities on the Companys consolidated balance sheets, with an offsetting adjustment to the accumulated other comprehensive losses until the hedged interest expenses is recognized in earnings.
As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the fair values of interest rate swap agreements were recorded as interest rate swap liabilities, of which $8,143 and $11,344 were included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and $2,278 and $16,727 were included in other long-term liabilities, respectively. The
F-25
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
11. | OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES - continued |
Company estimates that over the next twelve months, $9,752 (2009: $23,855) of the net unrealized losses on the interest rate swaps will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive losses into interest expenses.
12. | FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS |
The carrying values of the Companys financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, other current assets, amounts due from (to) affiliated companies and shareholders, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The carrying values of City of Dreams Project Facility, loans from shareholders and land use right payable approximate their fair values as they carry market interest rates. The estimated fair value of the Senior Notes, based on quoted market price, was approximately $693,750 as of December 31, 2010. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company did not have any non-financial assets or liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the consolidated financial statements. The Companys financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value have been categorized based upon the fair value in accordance with the accounting standards. The following fair value hierarchy table presents information about the Companys financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2010 and 2009:
Quoted Prices In Active Market for Identical Assets (Level 1) |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
Total Fair Value |
|||||||||||||
Interest rate swap liabilities |
||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2010 |
$ | | $ | 10,421 | $ | | $ | 10,421 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
December 31, 2009 |
$ | | $ | 28,071 | $ | | $ | 28,071 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The fair value of these interest rate swap agreements approximates the amount the Company would pay if these contracts were settled at the respective valuation dates. Fair value is estimated based on a standard valuation model that projects future cash flows and discounts those future cash flows to a present value using market-based observable inputs such as interest rate yields. Since significant observable inputs are used in the valuation model, the interest rate swap arrangements are considered a level 2 item in the fair value hierarchy.
13. | CAPITAL STRUCTURE |
On May 1, 2009, the Company issued 67,500,000 ordinary shares and 22,500,000 ADSs, representing a total of 135,000,000 ordinary shares, to the public in a follow-on offering with net proceeds after deducting the offering expenses amounted to $174,417.
On May 19, 2009, the Company approved the resolution to increase the authorized share capital from 1.5 billion ordinary shares of a nominal or par value of USD0.01 each to 2.5 billion ordinary shares of a nominal or par value of USD0.01 each.
F-26
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
13. | CAPITAL STRUCTURE - continued |
On August 18, 2009, the Company issued an additional 42,718,445 ADSs, representing 128,155,335 ordinary shares, to the public in a further follow-on offering with net proceeds after deducting the offering expenses which amounted to $209,112.
In connection with the Companys restricted shares granted as disclosed in Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements, 1,254,920, 8,297,110 and 226,317 ordinary shares were vested and issued during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
The Company issued 8,785,641 and 2,614,706 ordinary shares to its depository bank for issuance to employees upon their future vesting of restricted shares and exercise of share options during the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. As of December 31, 2010, 43,737 (2009: 2,528,319) and 804,285 (2009: nil) of these ordinary shares have been issued to employees upon vesting of restricted shares and exercise of share options, respectively, and the balance of 8,409,186 (2009: 471,567) ordinary shares continue to be held by the Company for future issuance.
As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company had 1,597,248,925 and 1,595,145,983 ordinary shares issued and outstanding, respectively.
14. | INCOME TAX EXPENSE (CREDIT) |
The Company and certain subsidiaries are exempt from tax in the Cayman Islands or British Virgin Islands, where they are incorporated, however, the Company is subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax on profits from its activities conducted in Hong Kong. Certain subsidiaries incorporated or conducting businesses in Hong Kong, Macau, the United States of America and other jurisdictions are subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax, Macau Complementary Tax, income tax in the United States of America and in other jurisdictions, respectively during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008.
Pursuant to the approval notices issued by Macau government dated June 7, 2007, Melco Crown Gaming has been exempted from Macau Complementary Tax for income generated from gaming operations for five years commencing from 2007 to 2011.
The Macau government has granted to a subsidiary of the Company, Altira Hotel Limited, the declaration of utility purpose benefit in 2007, pursuant to which, for a period of 12 years, it is entitled to a property tax holiday on any immovable property that it owns or has been granted. Under such tax holiday, it will also be allowed to double the maximum rates applicable regarding depreciation and reintegration for purposes of assessment of Macau Complementary Tax. The Macau government has also granted to Altira Hotel Limited a declaration of utility purposes benefit on specific vehicles purchased, pursuant to which it is entitled to a vehicle tax holiday provided there is no change in use or disposal of those vehicles within 5 years from the date of purchase.
F-27
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
14. | INCOME TAX EXPENSE (CREDIT) - continued |
The provision for income tax consisted of:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
Income tax provision for current year: |
||||||||||||
Macau Complementary Tax |
$ | 165 | $ | 190 | $ | | ||||||
Hong Kong Profits Tax |
473 | 731 | 892 | |||||||||
Profits tax in other jurisdictions |
65 | | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Sub-total |
$ | 703 | $ | 921 | $ | 892 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
(Over) under provision of income tax in prior years: |
||||||||||||
Macau Complementary Tax |
$ | (18 | ) | $ | 2 | $ | | |||||
Hong Kong Profits Tax |
(1 | ) | 351 | (239 | ) | |||||||
Profits tax in other jurisdictions |
8 | | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Sub-total |
$ | (11 | ) | $ | 353 | $ | (239 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Deferred tax charge (credit): |
||||||||||||
Macau Complementary Tax |
$ | 166 | $ | (1,537 | ) | $ | (2,038 | ) | ||||
Hong Kong Profits Tax |
58 | 131 | (85 | ) | ||||||||
Profits tax in other jurisdictions |
4 | | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Sub-total |
$ | 228 | $ | (1,406 | ) | $ | (2,123 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total income tax expense (credit) |
$ | 920 | $ | (132 | ) | $ | (1,470 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
A reconciliation of the income tax expense (credit) to loss before income tax per the consolidated statements of operations is as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
Loss before income tax |
$ | (9,605 | ) | $ | (308,593 | ) | $ | (3,933 | ) | |||
Macau Complementary Tax rate |
12 | % | 12 | % | 12 | % | ||||||
Income tax credit at Macau Complementary Tax rate |
(1,153 | ) | (37,031 | ) | (472 | ) | ||||||
Effect of different tax rates of subsidiaries operating in other jurisdictions |
169 | 235 | 126 | |||||||||
(Over) under provision in prior years |
(11 | ) | 353 | (239 | ) | |||||||
Effect of income for which no income tax expense is payable |
(258 | ) | (633 | ) | (1,102 | ) | ||||||
Effect of expense for which no income tax benefit is receivable |
7,868 | 2,978 | 779 | |||||||||
Effect of tax holiday granted by Macau government |
(28,069 | ) | | (8,855 | ) | |||||||
Losses that cannot be carried forward |
| 15,639 | | |||||||||
Change in valuation allowance |
22,374 | 18,327 | 8,293 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
$ | 920 | $ | (132 | ) | $ | (1,470 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Macau Complementary Tax and Hong Kong Profits Tax have been provided at 12% (2009 and 2008: 12%) and 16.5% (2009 and 2008: 16.5%) on the estimated taxable income earned in or derived from Macau and Hong Kong, respectively during the relevant years, if applicable. Profits tax in other jurisdictions for the year
F-28
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
14. | INCOME TAX EXPENSE (CREDIT) - continued |
ended December 31, 2010 was provided mainly for the profits of the representative offices and branches set up by a subsidiary in the region where they operate. No provision for the profits tax in other jurisdictions for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 was made as the representative offices and branches incurred tax losses where they operate. No provision for income tax in the United States of America for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 was provided as the subsidiaries incurred tax losses.
Melco Crown Gaming has been granted with a tax holiday from Macau Complementary Tax on casino gaming profits by the Macau government in 2007. In February 2011, Melco Crown Gaming applied for an additional 5-year exemption from Macau Complementary Tax on casino gaming profits. Melco Crown Gaming reported net loss during the year ended December 31, 2009 which had no impact to the basic and diluted loss per share of the Company. During the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2008, Melco Crown Gaming reported net income and had the Company been required to pay such taxes, the Companys consolidated net loss for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2008 would have been increased by $28,069 and $8,855, respectively, and basic and diluted loss per share would have reported additional loss of $0.018 and $0.007 per share, respectively. The Companys non-gaming profits remain subject to the Macau Complementary Tax and its casino revenues remain subject to the Macau special gaming tax and other levies in accordance with its concession agreement.
The negative effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2010 was 9.6% and the positive effective tax rates for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 were 0.04% and 37.4%, respectively. Such rates differ from the statutory Macau Complementary Tax rate of 12% primarily due to the effect of change in valuation allowance for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, the impact of a net loss of Melco Crown Gaming during the year ended December 31, 2009 and the effect of tax holiday granted by the Macau government as described in the preceding paragraph during the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2008.
The deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, consisted of the following:
December 31, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Deferred income tax assets |
||||||||
Net operating loss carryforwards |
$ | 47,183 | $ | 33,085 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Valuation allowance |
||||||||
Current |
(6,968 | ) | (7,311 | ) | ||||
Long-term |
(40,190 | ) | (25,774 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Sub-total |
$ | (47,158 | ) | $ | (33,085 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total net deferred income tax assets |
$ | 25 | $ | | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Deferred income tax liabilities |
||||||||
Land use rights |
$ | (16,209 | ) | $ | (17,149 | ) | ||
Intangible assets |
(505 | ) | (505 | ) | ||||
Unrealized capital allowance |
(1,296 | ) | (103 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net deferred income tax liabilities |
$ | (18,010 | ) | $ | (17,757 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, valuation allowance of $47,158 and $33,085 were provided respectively, as management does not believe that it is more likely than not that these deferred tax assets
F-29
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
14. | INCOME TAX EXPENSE (CREDIT) - continued |
will be realized. As of December 31, 2010, adjusted operating tax loss carry forwards, amounting to $58,064, $148,469 and $186,451 will expire in 2011, 2012 and 2013, respectively. Operating tax loss carry forwards of $60,923 has expired during the year ended December 31, 2010.
Deferred tax, where applicable, is provided under the liability method at the enacted statutory income tax rate of the respective tax jurisdictions, applicable to the respective financial years, on the difference between the consolidated financial statements carrying amounts and income tax base of assets and liabilities.
An evaluation of the tax position for recognition was conducted by the Company by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. Uncertain tax benefits associated with the tax positions were measured based solely on the technical merits of being sustained on examinations. The Company concluded that there was no significant uncertain tax position requiring recognition in the consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 and there is no material unrecognized tax benefit which would favourably affect the effective income tax rate in future periods. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, there was no interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions being recognized in the consolidated financial statements. The Company does not anticipate any significant increases or decreases to its liability for unrecognized tax benefit within the next twelve months.
The positions of the Company and its subsidiaries remain open and subject to examination by the tax authorities of Hong Kong, Macau, the United States of America and other jurisdictions until the statue of limitations expire in each corresponding jurisdiction. The statute of limitations in Macau, Hong Kong and the United States of America are 5 years, 6 years and 3 years, respectively.
15. | SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION |
The Company has adopted a share incentive plan in 2006, to attract and retain the best available personnel for positions of substantial responsibility, to provide additional incentives to employees, directors and consultants and to promote the success of its business. Under the share incentive plan, the Company may grant either options to purchase the Companys ordinary shares or restricted shares. The plan administrator will determine the exercise price of an option and set forth the price in the award agreement. The exercise price may be a fixed or variable price related to the fair market value of the Companys ordinary shares. If the Company grants an incentive share option to an employee who, at the time of that grant, owns shares representing more than 10% of the voting power of all classes of its share capital, the exercise price cannot be less than 110% of the fair market value of its ordinary shares on the date of that grant. The term of an award shall not exceed 10 years from the date of the grant. The maximum aggregate number of shares which may be issued pursuant to all awards (including shares issuable upon exercise of options) is 100,000,000 over 10 years. The Board of Directors of the Company has approved the removal of the maximum award amount of 50,000,000 shares over the first five years. The removal of such maximum limit for the first five years was approved by the shareholders of the Company at the general meeting held in May 2009. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, 63,347,487 shares and 62,964,552 shares out of 100,000,000 shares remain available for the grant of stock options or restricted shares respectively.
The Company granted ordinary share options to certain personnel during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 with exercise price determined at the closing price of the date of grant. These ordinary share options became exercisable over different vesting periods ranging from immediately vested on date of grant to four years with different vesting scale. The ordinary share options granted expire 10 years after the date of grant, except for options granted in the exchange program, described below, which have a range of 7.7 to 8.3 years life.
F-30
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
15. | SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION - continued |
During the year ended December 31, 2009, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a proposal to allow for a one-time stock option exchange program, designed to provide eligible employees an opportunity to exchange certain outstanding underwater stock options for a lesser amount of new stock options to be granted with lower exercise prices. Stock options eligible for exchange were those that were granted on or prior to April 11, 2008 under the Companys share incentive plan in 2006. A total of approximately 5.4 million eligible stock options were tendered by employees, representing 94% of the total stock options eligible for exchange. The Company granted an aggregate of approximately 3.6 million new stock options in exchange for the eligible stock options surrendered. The exercise price of the new stock options was $1.43, which was the closing price of the Companys ordinary share on the grant date. No incremental stock option expense was recognized for the exchange because the fair value of the new options, using Black-Scholes valuation model, was approximately equal to the fair value of the surrendered options they replaced. The significant assumptions used to determine the fair value of the new options includes expected dividend of nil, expected stock price volatility of 87.29%, risk-free interest rate of 2.11% and expected average life of 5.6 years.
During the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company settled bonus provision related to the year ended December 31, 2008 to employees with approximately 6.4 million restricted shares granted and vested on the same date in 2009. The total fair value of those restricted shares amounted to $6,914 and approximated the bonus balance accrued as of December 31, 2008 in the consolidated balance sheet.
The Company has also granted restricted shares to certain personnel during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. These restricted shares have a vesting period ranging from immediately vested on date of grant to four years. The grant date fair value is determined with reference to the market closing price at date of grant.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes valuation model to determine the estimated fair value for each option grant issued, with highly subjective assumptions, changes in which could materially affect the estimated fair value. Expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of a peer group of publicly traded companies. Expected term is based upon the vesting term or the historical of expected term of publicly traded companies. The risk-free interest rate used for each period presented is based on the United States of America Treasury yield curve at the time of grant for the period equal to the expected term.
The fair value per option was estimated at the date of grant using the following weighted-average assumptions (excludes options granted in the stock option exchange program):
December 31, | ||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
Expected dividend yield |
| | | |||||||||
Expected stock price volatility |
79.24 | % | 74.60 | % | 57.65 | % | ||||||
Risk-free interest rate |
1.78 | % | 1.45 | % | 1.67 | % | ||||||
Expected average life of options (years) |
5.5 | 5.5 | 4.7 |
F-31
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
15. | SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION - continued |
Share Options
A summary of share options activity under the share incentive plan as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and changes during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 are presented below:
Number of Share Options |
Weighted- Average Exercise Price per Share |
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
|||||||||||||
Outstanding at January 1, 2008 |
3,716,876 | $ | 5.02 | |||||||||||||
Granted |
20,558,343 | $ | 1.83 | |||||||||||||
Exercised |
| | ||||||||||||||
Forfeited |
(2,003,178 | ) | $ | 4.34 | ||||||||||||
Expired |
(1,795 | ) | $ | 5.06 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Outstanding at December 31, 2008 |
22,270,246 | $ | 2.14 | |||||||||||||
Granted |
4,792,536 | $ | 1.07 | |||||||||||||
Granted under option exchange program |
3,612,327 | $ | 1.43 | |||||||||||||
Exercised |
| | ||||||||||||||
Forfeited |
(2,809,419 | ) | $ | 1.93 | ||||||||||||
Expired |
(104,738 | ) | $ | 4.58 | ||||||||||||
Cancelled under option exchange program |
(5,418,554 | ) | $ | 4.39 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Outstanding at December 31, 2009 |
22,342,398 | $ | 1.26 | |||||||||||||
Granted |
4,266,174 | $ | 1.17 | |||||||||||||
Exercised |
(804,285 | ) | $ | 1.17 | ||||||||||||
Forfeited |
(5,169,216 | ) | $ | 1.27 | ||||||||||||
Expired |
(181,578 | ) | $ | 4.48 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Outstanding at December 31, 2010 |
20,453,493 | $ | 1.22 | 7.20 | $ | 20,016 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Exercisable at December 31, 2010 |
7,950,311 | $ | 1.23 | 5.81 | $ | 8,060 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A summary of share options vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2010 are presented below:
Vested | ||||||||||||||||
Number of Share Options |
Weighted- Average Exercise Price per Share |
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
|||||||||||||
Range of exercise prices per share ($1.01- $5.06) (Note) |
7,950,311 | $ | 1.23 | 5.81 | $ | 8,060 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note: 8,571,224 share options vested and 181,578 vested share options expired during the year ended December 31, 2010.
F-32
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
15. | SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION - continued |
Share Options - continued
Expected to Vest | ||||||||||||||||
Number of Share Options |
Weighted- Average Exercise Price per Share |
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
|||||||||||||
Range of exercise prices per share ($1.01$5.06) |
12,503,182 | $ | 1.21 | 8.08 | $ | 11,956 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The weighted-average fair value of share options granted (excludes options granted in the stock option exchange program) during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 were $0.84, $0.67 and $0.80, respectively. 804,285 share options were exercised and proceeds amounted to $938 were recognized during the year ended December 31, 2010. The total intrinsic value of share options exercised for the year ended December 31, 2010 was $767. No share options were exercised during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 and therefore no cash proceeds were recognized.
As of December 31, 2010, there was $6,988 unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested share options. The costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.25 years.
Restricted Shares
A summary of the status of the share incentive plans restricted shares as of December 31, 2010, and changes during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 are presented below:
Number of Restricted Shares |
Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value |
|||||||
Unvested at January 1, 2008 |
2,006,444 | $ | 6.33 | |||||
Granted |
6,529,844 | 1.30 | ||||||
Vested |
(226,317 | ) | 6.33 | |||||
Forfeited |
(771,895 | ) | 5.88 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Unvested at December 31, 2008 and January 1, 2009 |
7,538,076 | $ | 2.02 | |||||
Granted |
7,071,741 | 1.09 | ||||||
Vested |
(10,825,445 | ) | 1.61 | |||||
Forfeited |
(538,341 | ) | 1.61 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Unvested at December 31, 2009 and January 1, 2010 |
3,246,031 | $ | 1.41 | |||||
Granted |
1,463,151 | 1.38 | ||||||
Vested |
(1,298,657 | ) | 1.67 | |||||
Forfeited |
(761,466 | ) | 1.27 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Unvested at December 31, 2010 |
2,649,059 | $ | 1.31 | |||||
|
|
|
|
The total fair values at date of grant of the restricted shares vested during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 were $2,166, $17,433 and $1,433, respectively.
F-33
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
15. | SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION - continued |
As of December 31, 2010, there was $2,346 of unrecognized compensation costs related to restricted shares. The costs are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.05 years.
The impact of share options and restricted shares for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 recognized in the consolidated financial statements were as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
Share options |
$ | 4,439 | $ | 5,169 | $ | 2,598 | ||||||
Restricted shares |
1,606 | 6,638 | 4,420 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total share-based compensation expenses |
$ | 6,045 | $ | 11,807 | $ | 7,018 | ||||||
Less: share-based compensation expenses capitalized |
(2 | ) | (422 | ) | (163 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Share-based compensation recognized in general and administrative expenses |
$ | 6,043 | $ | 11,385 | $ | 6,855 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
16. | EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS |
The Company provides defined contribution plans for their employees in Macau, Hong Kong, United States of America and other jurisdictions. For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Companys contributions into the provident fund were $5,070, $5,012 and $4,584, respectively.
17. | DISTRIBUTION OF PROFITS |
All subsidiaries incorporated in Macau are required to set aside a minimum of 10% to 25% of the entitys profit after taxation to the legal reserve until the balance of the legal reserve reaches a level equivalent to 25% to 50% of the entitys share capital in accordance with the provisions of the Macau Commercial Code. The legal reserve sets aside an amount from the subsidiaries statements of operations and is not available for distribution to the shareholders of the subsidiaries. The appropriation of legal reserve is recorded in the subsidiaries financial statements in the year in which it is approved by the boards of directors of the relevant subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the balance of the reserve amounted to $3 in each of those years.
The City of Dreams Project Facility contains restrictions on payment of dividends for the Borrowing Group. There is a restriction on paying dividends during the construction phase of the City of Dreams project. Upon completion of the construction of the City of Dreams, the relevant subsidiaries will only be able to pay dividends if they satisfy certain financial tests and conditions.
The indenture governing the Senior Notes also contains certain covenants that, subject to certain exceptions and conditions, restrict the payment of dividends for MCE Finance and its restricted subsidiaries.
18. | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES |
(a) | Capital Commitments |
As of December 31, 2010, the Company had capital commitments contracted for but not provided mainly for the construction and acquisition of property and equipment for City of Dreams totaling $2,843.
F-34
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
18. | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - continued |
(a) | Capital Commitments - continued |
Melco Crown (COD) Developments and Melco Crown Gaming, subsidiaries of the Company, accepted in principle an offer from the Macau government to acquire the Cotai Land in Macau, where the City of Dreams site located, for approximately $105,091, with $37,437 paid at signing of the government lease in February 2008. In August 2008, Melco Crown (COD) Developments obtained the official title of this land use right for approximately $105,091, of which $65,659 has been paid as of December 31, 2010 and the remaining amount of $39,432, accrued with 5% interest per annum, will be paid in five biannual instalments. In November 2009, Melco Crown (COD) Developments and Melco Crown Gaming accepted in principle the initial terms for the revision of the land lease agreement from the Macau government and recognized additional land premium of $32,118 payable to the Macau government for the increased developable gross floor area of Cotai Land for City of Dreams. In March 2010, Melco Crown (COD) Developments and Melco Crown Gaming accepted the final terms for the revision of the land lease agreement and fully paid the additional land premium to the Macau government. The land grant amendment process was completed on September 15, 2010. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the total outstanding balances of the land use right has been included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities in an amount of $15,191 and $29,781 and in land use right payable in an amount of $24,241 and $39,432, respectively. A guarantee deposit of approximately $424 was also paid upon signing of the government lease in February 2008. According to the terms of the revised offer from the Macau government, payment in the form of government land use fees in an aggregate amount of $1,185 per annum is payable to the Macau government and such amount may be adjusted every five years as agreed between the Macau government and Melco Crown (COD) Developments, using the applicable market rates in effect at the time of the adjustment. As of December 31, 2010, the Companys total commitments of payment in form of government land use fees for the City of Dreams site was $26,754.
In 2006, the Macau government had officially granted the Taipa Land to Altira Developments Limited (Altira Developments), a subsidiary of the Company. A guarantee deposit of approximately $20 was paid upon signing of the lease in 2006. Payment in the form of government land use fees in an aggregate amount of $171 per annum became payable to the Macau government and such amount may be adjusted every five years as agreed between the Macau government and Altira Developments, using the applicable market rates in effect at the time of the adjustment. As of December 31, 2010, the Companys total commitments of payment in form of government land use fees for the Altira Macau site was $3,453.
(b) | Lease Commitments and Other Arrangements |
Operating Leases - As a lessee
The Company leases office space, Mocha Club sites, staff quarters and certain equipment under non-cancellable operating lease agreements that expire at various dates through December 2021. Those lease agreements provide for periodic rental increases based on both contractual agreed incremental rates and on the general inflation rate once agreed by the Company and its lessor. During the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Company incurred rental expenses amounting to $15,373, $14,557 and $12,060, respectively.
F-35
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
18. | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - continued |
(b) | Lease Commitments and Other Arrangements - continued |
Operating Leases - As a lessee - continued
As of December 31, 2010, minimum lease payments under all non-cancellable leases were as follows:
Year ending December 31, |
||||
2011 |
$ | 10,734 | ||
2012 |
7,382 | |||
2013 |
5,339 | |||
2014 |
3,853 | |||
2015 |
2,564 | |||
Over 2015 |
7,103 | |||
|
|
|||
Total minimum lease payments |
$ | 36,975 | ||
|
|
As grantor of operating and right to use arrangement
The Company entered into non-cancellable operating and right to use agreements for mall spaces in the City of Dreams site with various retailers that expire at various dates through July 2016. Certain of the operating and right to use agreements include minimum base fee and operating fee with escalated contingent fee clauses. During the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Company received contingent fees amount to $12,801, $5,547 and nil, respectively.
As of December 31, 2010, minimum future fees to be received under all non-cancellable operating and right to use agreements were as follows:
Year ending December 31, |
||||
2011 |
$ | 10,836 | ||
2012 |
10,440 | |||
2013 |
9,770 | |||
2014 |
9,233 | |||
2015 |
4,998 | |||
Over 2015 |
848 | |||
|
|
|||
Total minimum future fees to be received |
$ | 46,125 | ||
|
|
The total minimum future fees do not include the escalated contingent fee clauses.
(c) | Other Commitments |
On September 8, 2006, the Macau government granted a gaming subconcession to Melco Crown Gaming to operate the gaming business in Macau. Pursuant to the gaming subconcession agreement, Melco Crown Gaming has committed to the following:
i) | To pay the Macau government a fixed annual premium of $3,744 (MOP30,000,000) starting from June 26, 2009 or earlier, if the hotel, casino and resort projects operated by the Companys subsidiaries are not completed by then. |
F-36
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
18. | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - continued |
(c) | Other Commitments - continued |
ii) | To pay the Macau government a variable premium depending on the number and type of gaming tables and gaming machines that the Company operates. The variable premium is calculated as follows: |
| $37 (MOP300,000) per year for each gaming table (subject to a minimum of 100 tables) reserved exclusively for certain kind of games or to certain players; |
| $19 (MOP150,000) per year for each gaming table (subject to a minimum of 100 tables) not reserved exclusively for certain kind of games or to certain players; and |
| $0.1 (MOP1,000) per year for each electrical or mechanical gaming machine, including the slot machine. |
iii) | To pay the Macau government a sum of 1.6% of the gross revenues of the gaming business operations on a monthly basis, that will be made available to a public foundation for the promotion, development and study of social, cultural, economic, educational, scientific, academic and charity activities, to be determined by the Macau government. |
iv) | To pay the Macau government a sum of 2.4% of the gross revenues of the gaming business operations on a monthly basis, which will be used for urban development, tourist promotion and the social security of Macau. |
v) | To pay special gaming tax to the Macau government of an amount equal to 35% of the gross revenues of the gaming business operations on a monthly basis. |
vi) | Melco Crown Gaming must maintain two bank guarantees issued by a specific bank with the Macau government as the beneficiary in a maximum amount of $62,395 (MOP500,000,000) from September 8, 2006 to September 8, 2011 and a maximum amount of $37,437 (MOP300,000,000) from September 8, 2011 until the 180th day after the termination date of the gaming subconcession. A sum of 1.75% of the guarantee amount will be payable by Melco Crown Gaming quarterly to such bank. |
As of December 31, 2010, the Company had other commitments contracted for but not provided in respect of shuttle buses and limousines services mainly for the operations of Altira Macau and the City of Dreams totaling $2,421. Expenses for the shuttle buses and limousines services during the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 amounted to $12,709 and $10,653, respectively.
As of December 31, 2010, the Company had other commitments contracted for but not provided in respect of cleaning, maintenance, consulting, marketing and other services mainly for the operations of Mocha Clubs, Altira Macau and the City of Dreams totaling $8,670. Expenses for such services during the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 amounted to $17,201 and $5,561, respectively.
As of December 31, 2010, the Company had other commitments contracted for but not provided in respect of trademark and memorabilia license fee for the operations of City of Dreams hotels and casino totaling $7,579. Expenses for the trademark and memorabilia license fee during the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 amounted to $1,610 and $889, respectively.
As of December 31, 2010, the Company had other commitments contracted for but not provided in respect of fee for the operations of entertainment show in City of Dreams, which commenced performance in September 2010, totaling $28,833. Expenses for such fee for the operations of entertainment show during the year ended December 31, 2010 amounted to $2,349.
F-37
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
18. | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - continued |
(d) | Contingencies |
As of December 31, 2010, the Melco Crown Gaming has issued a promissory note (livranca) of $68,635 (MOP550,000,000) to a bank in respect of bank guarantees issued to the Macau government as disclosed in Note 18(c)(vi) to the consolidated financial statements.
As of December 31, 2010, the Company has entered into two deeds of guarantee with third parties amounted to $10,000 to guarantee certain payment obligations of the City of Dreams operations.
As of December 31, 2010, a bank guarantee issued to the Macau government amounted to $22,462 (MOP180,000,000) to guarantee payment of additional land premium payable as disclosed in Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements has been released.
(e) | Litigation |
The Company is currently a party to certain legal proceedings which relate to matters arising out of the ordinary course of its business. Management does not believe that the outcome of such proceedings will have a material adverse effect on the Companys financial position or results of operations.
19. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
During the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Company entered into the following material related party transactions:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
Amounts paid/payable to affiliated companies |
||||||||||||
Advertising and promotional expenses |
$ | 75 | $ | 211 | $ | 597 | ||||||
Consultancy fee capitalized in construction in progress |
| 1,312 | 246 | |||||||||
Consultancy fee recognized as expense |
868 | 1,301 | 1,168 | |||||||||
Management fees |
17 | 45 | 1,698 | |||||||||
Network support fee |
| 28 | 52 | |||||||||
Office rental |
2,271 | 2,354 | 1,466 | |||||||||
Operating and office supplies |
181 | 257 | 255 | |||||||||
Property and equipment |
1,287 | 59,482 | 16,327 | |||||||||
Repairs and maintenance |
236 | 87 | 655 | |||||||||
Service fee expense |
500 | 748 | 781 | |||||||||
Traveling expense capitalized in construction in progress |
3 | 65 | 66 | |||||||||
Traveling expense recognized as expense |
4,975 | 3,661 | 1,685 | |||||||||
Amounts received/receivable from affiliated companies |
||||||||||||
Other service fee income |
268 | 896 | 276 | |||||||||
Rooms and food and beverage income |
80 | 12 | 71 | |||||||||
Sales proceeds for disposal of property and equipment |
| | 2,788 | |||||||||
Amounts paid/payable to shareholders |
||||||||||||
Interest charges capitalized in construction in progress |
| 963 | 3,367 | |||||||||
Interest charges recognized as expense |
242 | 215 | | |||||||||
Amounts received/receivable from a shareholder |
||||||||||||
Other service fee income |
23 | | | |||||||||
Rooms and food and beverage income |
39 | 11 | 29 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-38
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
19. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS - continued |
Details of those material related party transactions provided in the table above are as follows:
(a) | Amounts Due From Affiliated Companies |
Melcos subsidiary and its associated companies - The Company reimbursed Melcos subsidiary for service fees incurred on its behalf for rental, office administration, travel and security coverage for the operation of the office of the Companys Chief Executive Officer during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. Melcos subsidiary provided services to the Company which included management of general and administrative matters and consultancy during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, and advertising and promotion, system maintenance and administration support and repairs and maintenance during the year ended December 31, 2008. Other service fee income was received from Melcos subsidiary during the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 and Melcos subsidiary purchased rooms and food and beverage services from the Company during the year ended December 31, 2009. Melcos associated companies purchased rooms and food and beverage services from the Company during the year ended December 31, 2009 and the Company purchased property and equipment from Melcos associated company during the year ended December 31, 2009. The outstanding balance due from Melcos subsidiary as of December 31, 2010 was $1,463, mainly related to prepayment of operating expenses, and as of December 31, 2009, the outstanding balance with Melcos subsidiary was a payable of $607. The outstanding balances due from Melcos associated companies as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 amounted to $1 in each of those periods. These amounts were unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
Shun Tak Holdings Limiteds subsidiary - Shun Tak Holdings Limiteds subsidiary purchased rooms and food and beverage services from the Company, and provided traveling services to the Company during the year ended December 31, 2010, a company in which relatives of Mr. Lawrence Ho, the Companys Co-Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, have beneficial interests. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the outstanding balances due from this subsidiary of Shun Tak Holdings Limited of $64 and nil, respectively, were unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
(b) | Amounts Due To Affiliated Companies |
Elixir International Limited, or Elixir - The Company purchased property and equipment and services including repairs and maintenance, operating and office supplies and consultancy from Elixir, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Melco before Melco disposed of it in July 2010, primarily related to the Altira Macau and City of Dreams during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. The Company paid network support fee to Elixir during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. Certain gaming machines were sold to Elixir during the year ended December 31, 2008 and Elixir purchased rooms and food and beverage services from the Company during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. As of December 31, 2009, the outstanding balance due to Elixir of $5,046 was unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
Sociedade de Turismo e Diversões de Macau, S.A.R.L., or STDM and its subsidiaries (together with STDM referred to STDM Group) and Shun Tak Holdings Limited and its subsidiaries (referred to Shun Tak Group) - The Company incurred expenses associated with its use of STDM and Shun Tak Group ferry and hotel accommodation services within Hong Kong and Macau during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. Relatives of Mr. Lawrence Ho, have beneficial interests within those companies. The traveling expenses in connection with construction of City of Dreams were capitalized as costs related to construction in progress during the construction period for the years
F-39
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
19. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS - continued |
(b) | Amounts Due To Affiliated Companies - continued |
ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. The Company paid advertising and promotional expenses to STDM Group during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, and Shun Tak Group during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The Company incurred rental expenses from leasing office premises from STDM Group and Shun Tak Group during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the outstanding balances due to STDM Group of $164 and $171 and Shun Tak Group of $276 and $440, respectively, were unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
Melcos subsidiaries and its associated companies - Melcos subsidiary provided consultancy services to the Company during the year ended December 31, 2010. The Company purchased operating and office supplies from Melcos subsidiary and its associated companies during the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2008. The Company incurred rental expenses from leasing office premises from Melcos subsidiary during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. The Company purchased property and equipment from Melcos subsidiaries and its associated companies during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. Melcos associated company provided network support and repairs and maintenance services to the Company during the year ended December 31, 2008. Melcos associated companies purchased rooms and food and beverage services from the Company during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the outstanding balances due to Melcos subsidiaries and its associated companies of $134 and $113, respectively, were unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
Lisboa Holdings Limited, or Lisboa and Sociedade de Jogos de Macau S.A., or SJM - During the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Company paid rental expenses and service fees for Mocha Clubs gaming premises to Lisboa and SJM, companies in which relatives of Mr. Lawrence Ho have beneficial interests. There were no outstanding balances with Lisboa and SJM as of December 31, 2010 and 2009.
Crowns subsidiary - Crowns subsidiary provided services to the Company primarily for the construction of City of Dreams and the operations which included general consultancy and management of sale representative offices during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. Part of the consultancy charges was capitalized as costs related to construction in progress during construction period for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. The Company reimbursed Crowns subsidiary for associated costs including traveling expenses during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. The Company purchased property and equipment from Crowns subsidiary during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. The Company received rental income from Crowns subsidiary during the year ended December 31, 2010 and other service fee income from Crowns subsidiary during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. Crowns subsidiary purchased rooms and food and beverage services from the Company during the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2008. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the outstanding balances due to Crowns subsidiary of $99 and $975, respectively, were unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
Shuffle Master Asia Limited, or Shuffle Master, and Stargames Corporation Pty. Limited, or Stargames - The Company purchased spare parts, property and equipment and lease of equipment with Shuffle Master during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. The Company incurred repairs and maintenance expense with Shuffle Master and Stargames during the year ended December 31, 2008, in which the Companys former Chief Operating Officer who resigned this position in May 2009
F-40
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
19. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS - continued |
(b) | Amounts Due To Affiliated Companies - continued |
was an independent non-executive director of its parent company during this period. There were no outstanding balances with Shuffle Master and Stargames as of December 31, 2009.
Chang Wah Garment Manufacturing Company Limited, or Chang Wah - The Company purchased uniforms from Chang Wah during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, a company in which a relative of Mr. Lawrence Ho had beneficial interest until end of December 2009, for Altira Macau and City of Dreams. The outstanding balance due to Chang Wah as of December 31, 2009 of $32 was unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
MGM Grand Paradise Limited, or MGM - The Company paid rental expenses and purchased property and equipment from MGM during the year ended December 31, 2009, a company in which a relative of Mr. Lawrence Ho has beneficial interest, for City of Dreams. There were no outstanding balances with MGM as of December 31, 2010 and 2009.
(c) | Amounts Due To/Loans From Shareholders |
Melco and Crown provided loans to the Company mainly used for working capital purposes, for the acquisition of the Altira Macau and the City of Dreams sites and for construction of Altira Macau and City of Dreams.
The outstanding loan balances due to Melco as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 amounted to $74,367 in each of those years, were unsecured and interest bearing at 3-months HIBOR per annum and at 3-months HIBOR plus 1.5% per annum only during the period from May 16, 2008 to May 15, 2009. As of December 31, 2010, the loan balance due to Melco was repayable in May 2012.
The Company received other service fee income from Melco during the year ended December 31, 2010 and Melco purchased rooms and food and beverage services from the Company during the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009. The amounts of $23 and $17 due to Melco as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, mainly related to interest payable on the outstanding loan balances, were unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
The outstanding loan balances due to Crown as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 amounted to $41,280 in each of those years, were unsecured and interest bearing at 3-months HIBOR per annum. As of December 31, 2010, the loan balance due to Crown was repayable in May 2012.
The amounts of $13 and $8 due to Crown as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively, related to interest payable on the outstanding loan balances, were unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
20. | SEGMENT INFORMATION |
The Company is principally engaged in the gaming and hospitality business. The chief operating decision maker monitors its operations and evaluates earnings by reviewing the assets and operations of Mocha Clubs, Altira Macau and City of Dreams. As of December 31, 2008, Mocha Clubs and Altira Macau were the two primary businesses of the Company. Subsequent to the opening of City of Dreams in June 2009, City of Dreams has become one of the three primary businesses of the Company as of December 31, 2010 and 2009. Taipa Square Casino is included within Corporate and Others. All revenues were generated in Macau.
F-41
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
20. | SEGMENT INFORMATION - continued |
Total Assets
December 31, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Mocha Clubs |
$ | 145,173 | $ | 144,455 | ||||
Altira Macau |
571,504 | 575,477 | ||||||
City of Dreams |
3,202,692 | 3,075,052 | ||||||
Corporate and Others |
965,071 | 1,067,861 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total consolidated assets |
$ | 4,884,440 | $ | 4,862,845 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Capital Expenditures
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
Mocha Clubs |
$ | 13,140 | $ | 11,448 | $ | 15,491 | ||||||
Altira Macau |
7,784 | 6,712 | 6,275 | |||||||||
City of Dreams |
94,279 | 808,424 | 1,148,098 | |||||||||
Corporate and Others |
4,457 | 2,152 | 21,334 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total capital expenditures |
$ | 119,660 | $ | 828,736 | $ | 1,191,198 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, there was no single customer that contributed more than 10% of the total revenues.
F-42
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
20. | SEGMENT INFORMATION - continued |
The Companys segment information on its results of operations for the following years is as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
NET REVENUES |
||||||||||||
Mocha Clubs |
$ | 111,984 | $ | 97,984 | $ | 91,967 | ||||||
Altira Macau |
859,755 | 658,043 | 1,313,047 | |||||||||
City of Dreams |
1,638,401 | 552,141 | | |||||||||
Corporate and Others |
31,836 | 24,705 | 11,120 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total net revenues |
2,641,976 | 1,332,873 | 1,416,134 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
ADJUSTED PROPERTY EBITDA(1) |
||||||||||||
Mocha Clubs |
29,831 | 25,416 | 25,805 | |||||||||
Altira Macau |
133,679 | 13,702 | 162,487 | |||||||||
City of Dreams |
326,338 | 56,666 | (23 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total adjusted property EBITDA |
489,848 | 95,784 | 188,269 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES |
||||||||||||
Pre-opening costs |
(18,648 | ) | (91,882 | ) | (21,821 | ) | ||||||
Amortization of gaming subconcession |
(57,237 | ) | (57,237 | ) | (57,237 | ) | ||||||
Amortization of land use rights |
(19,522 | ) | (18,395 | ) | (18,269 | ) | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
(236,306 | ) | (141,864 | ) | (51,379 | ) | ||||||
Share-based compensation |
(6,043 | ) | (11,385 | ) | (6,855 | ) | ||||||
Property charges and others |
(91 | ) | (7,040 | ) | (290 | ) | ||||||
Corporate and others expenses |
(59,489 | ) | (40,028 | ) | (31,244 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total operating costs and expenses |
(397,336 | ) | (367,831 | ) | (187,095 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) |
92,512 | (272,047 | ) | 1,174 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
NON-OPERATING EXPENSES |
||||||||||||
Interest income |
404 | 498 | 8,215 | |||||||||
Interest expenses, net of capitalized interest |
(93,357 | ) | (31,824 | ) | | |||||||
Amortization of deferred financing costs |
(14,302 | ) | (5,974 | ) | (765 | ) | ||||||
Loan commitment fees |
3,811 | (2,253 | ) | (14,965 | ) | |||||||
Foreign exchange gain, net |
3,563 | 491 | 1,436 | |||||||||
Other income, net |
1,074 | 2,516 | 972 | |||||||||
Costs associated with debt modification |
(3,310 | ) | | | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total non-operating expenses |
(102,117 | ) | (36,546 | ) | (5,107 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAX |
(9,605 | ) | (308,593 | ) | (3,933 | ) | ||||||
INCOME TAX (EXPENSE) CREDIT |
(920 | ) | 132 | 1,470 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
NET LOSS |
$ | (10,525 | ) | $ | (308,461 | ) | $ | (2,463 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note |
(1) | Adjusted property EBITDA is earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, other expenses (including pre-opening costs, share-based compensation, property charges and others, corporate and other expenses and non-operating expenses). The chief operating decision maker used Adjusted property EBITDA to measure the operating performance of Mocha Clubs, Altira Macau and City of Dreams and to compare the operating performance of its properties with those of its competitors. |
F-43
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
21. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
In May 2010, MCE Finance (Issuer), a subsidiary of MCE (the Parent), issued $600,000 10.25% Senior Notes due 2018 as disclosed in Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements.
The Issuer and all subsidiary guarantors except Melco Crown Gaming are 100% directly or indirectly owned by the Parent guarantor. Certain Macau laws require companies limited by shares (sociedade anónima) incorporated in Macau to have a minimum of three shareholders, and all gaming concessionaires and subconcessionaires to be managed by a Macau permanent resident, the managing director, who must hold at least 10% of the share capital of the concessionaire or subconcessionaire. In accordance with such Macau laws, approximately 90% of the share capital of Melco Crown Gaming is indirectly owned by the Parent. While MCE complies with the Macau laws, Melco Crown Gaming is considered an indirectly 100% owned subsidiary of the Parent for purposes of the consolidated financial statements of the Parent because the economic interest of the 10% holding of the managing director is limited to, in aggregate with other class A shareholders, MOP 1 on the winding up or liquidation of Melco Crown Gaming and to receive an aggregate annual dividend of MOP 1. The City of Dreams Project Facility and the gaming subconcession agreement significantly restrict the Parents, the Issuers and the subsidiary guarantors ability to obtain funds from each other guarantor subsidiary in the form of a dividend or loan.
Condensed consolidating financial statements for the Parent, Issuer, guarantor subsidiaries and non-guarantor subsidiaries as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009, and 2008 are presented in the following tables. Information has been presented such that investments in subsidiaries, if any, are accounted for under the equity method and the principal elimination entries eliminate the investments in subsidiaries and intercompany balances and transactions. Additionally, the guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries are presented on a combined basis.
F-44
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
21. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION - continued |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, 2010
Parent | Issuer | Guarantor Subsidiaries (1) |
Non-guarantor Subsidiaries |
Elimination | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
CURRENT ASSETS |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 3,198 | $ | | $ | 410,767 | $ | 27,958 | $ | | $ | 441,923 | ||||||||||||
Restricted cash |
| | 167,286 | | | 167,286 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
| | 259,521 | | | 259,521 | ||||||||||||||||||
Amounts due from affiliated companies |
1,351 | | 167 | 60 | (50 | ) | 1,528 | |||||||||||||||||
Intercompany receivables |
77,682 | 8,099 | 32,198 | 174,481 | (292,460 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Amount due from a shareholder |
| | 1 | | (1 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Income tax receivable |
198 | | | | | 198 | ||||||||||||||||||
Inventories |
| | 14,990 | | | 14,990 | ||||||||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
4,722 | 9 | 9,048 | 1,247 | | 15,026 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total current assets |
87,151 | 8,108 | 893,978 | 203,746 | (292,511 | ) | 900,472 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET |
| | 2,660,069 | 11,826 | | 2,671,895 | ||||||||||||||||||
GAMING SUBCONCESSION, NET |
| | 656,742 | | | 656,742 | ||||||||||||||||||
INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET |
| | 4,220 | | | 4,220 | ||||||||||||||||||
GOODWILL |
| | 81,915 | | | 81,915 | ||||||||||||||||||
INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES |
2,734,880 | 2,254,958 | 4,058,120 | 6,301 | (9,054,259 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
LONG-TERM PREPAYMENT, DEPOSITS AND OTHER ASSETS |
641 | | 94,470 | 518 | | 95,629 | ||||||||||||||||||
DEFERRED TAX ASSETS |
| | | 25 | | 25 | ||||||||||||||||||
DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS |
| 13,452 | 31,935 | | | 45,387 | ||||||||||||||||||
LAND USE RIGHTS, NET |
| | 428,155 | | | 428,155 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
TOTAL |
$ | 2,822,672 | $ | 2,276,518 | $ | 8,909,604 | $ | 222,416 | $ | (9,346,770 | ) | $ | 4,884,440 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | | $ | | $ | 8,880 | $ | | $ | | $ | 8,880 | ||||||||||||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
1,889 | 8,270 | 441,642 | 10,283 | | 462,084 | ||||||||||||||||||
Income tax payable |
| | | 934 | | 934 | ||||||||||||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
| | 202,997 | | | 202,997 | ||||||||||||||||||
Intercompany payables |
181,771 | 19 | 93,329 | 17,341 | (292,460 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Amounts due to affiliated companies |
137 | | 510 | 76 | (50 | ) | 673 | |||||||||||||||||
Amounts due to shareholders |
37 | | | | (1 | ) | 36 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
183,834 | 8,289 | 747,358 | 28,634 | (292,511 | ) | 675,604 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
LONG-TERM DEBT |
| 592,443 | 928,808 | | | 1,521,251 | ||||||||||||||||||
OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES |
| | 6,476 | 20 | | 6,496 | ||||||||||||||||||
DEFERRED TAX LIABILITIES |
| | 17,818 | 192 | | 18,010 | ||||||||||||||||||
ADVANCE FROM ULTIMATE HOLDING COMPANY |
| | 1,047,648 | 11,254 | (1,058,902 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
LOAN FROM INTERMEDIATE HOLDING COMPANY |
| | 578,617 | | (578,617 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
LOANS FROM SHAREHOLDERS |
115,647 | | | | | 115,647 | ||||||||||||||||||
LAND USE RIGHT PAYABLE |
| | 24,241 | | | 24,241 | ||||||||||||||||||
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total shareholders equity |
2,523,191 | 1,675,786 | 5,558,638 | 182,316 | (7,416,740 | ) | 2,523,191 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
TOTAL |
$ | 2,822,672 | $ | 2,276,518 | $ | 8,909,604 | $ | 222,416 | $ | (9,346,770 | ) | $ | 4,884,440 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-45
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
21. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION - continued |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, 2009
Parent | Issuer | Guarantor Subsidiaries (1) |
Non-guarantor Subsidiaries |
Elimination | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
CURRENT ASSETS |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 34,358 | $ | | $ | 177,057 | $ | 1,183 | $ | | $ | 212,598 | ||||||||||||
Restricted cash |
| | 233,085 | 3,034 | | 236,119 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
| | 262,176 | | | 262,176 | ||||||||||||||||||
Amounts due from affiliated companies |
| | 14 | 31 | (44 | ) | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Intercompany receivables |
64,676 | | 10,069 | 176,169 | (250,914 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Inventories |
| | 9,425 | | | 9,425 | ||||||||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
12,605 | | 12,210 | 1,718 | (9,656 | ) | 16,877 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total current assets |
111,639 | | 704,036 | 182,135 | (260,614 | ) | 737,196 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET |
| | 2,773,321 | 13,325 | | 2,786,646 | ||||||||||||||||||
GAMING SUBCONCESSION, NET |
| | 713,979 | | | 713,979 | ||||||||||||||||||
INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET |
| | 4,220 | | | 4,220 | ||||||||||||||||||
GOODWILL |
| | 81,915 | | | 81,915 | ||||||||||||||||||
INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES |
2,697,541 | 1,665,989 | 4,058,121 | 6,301 | (8,427,952 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
LONG-TERM PREPAYMENT, DEPOSITS AND OTHER ASSETS |
1,178 | | 50,685 | 502 | | 52,365 | ||||||||||||||||||
DEFERRED FINANCING COST |
| | 38,948 | | | 38,948 | ||||||||||||||||||
LAND USE RIGHTS, NET |
| | 447,576 | | | 447,576 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
TOTAL |
$ | 2,810,358 | $ | 1,665,989 | $ | 8,872,801 | $ | 202,263 | $ | (8,688,566 | ) | $ | 4,862,845 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | | $ | | $ | 8,719 | $ | | $ | | $ | 8,719 | ||||||||||||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
3,302 | | 462,749 | 3,848 | (9,656 | ) | 460,243 | |||||||||||||||||
Income tax payable |
387 | | | 381 | | 768 | ||||||||||||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
| | 44,504 | | | 44,504 | ||||||||||||||||||
Intercompany payables |
180,336 | 1 | 64,185 | 6,392 | (250,914 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Amounts due to affiliated companies |
1,620 | | 5,655 | 153 | (44 | ) | 7,384 | |||||||||||||||||
Amounts due to shareholders |
22 | | | 3 | | 25 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
185,667 | 1 | 585,812 | 10,777 | (260,614 | ) | 521,643 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
LONG-TERM DEBT |
| | 1,638,703 | | | 1,638,703 | ||||||||||||||||||
OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES |
| | 20,606 | 13 | | 20,619 | ||||||||||||||||||
DEFERRED TAX LIABILITIES |
| | 17,654 | 103 | | 17,757 | ||||||||||||||||||
ADVANCE FROM ULTIMATE HOLDING COMPANY |
| | 1,021,869 | 11,254 | (1,033,123 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
LOANS FROM SHAREHOLDERS |
115,647 | | | | | 115,647 | ||||||||||||||||||
LAND USE RIGHT PAYABLE |
| | 39,432 | | | 39,432 | ||||||||||||||||||
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total shareholders' equity |
2,509,044 | 1,665,988 | 5,548,725 | 180,116 | (7,394,829 | ) | 2,509,044 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
TOTAL |
$ | 2,810,358 | $ | 1,665,989 | $ | 8,872,801 | $ | 202,263 | $ | (8,688,566 | ) | $ | 4,862,845 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-46
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
21. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION - continued |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the year ended December 31, 2010
Parent | Issuer | Guarantor Subsidiaries (1) |
Non-guarantor Subsidiaries |
Elimination | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
OPERATING REVENUES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Casino |
$ | | $ | | $ | 2,550,542 | $ | | $ | | $ | 2,550,542 | ||||||||||||
Rooms |
| | 86,165 | | (2,447 | ) | 83,718 | |||||||||||||||||
Food and beverage |
| | 61,738 | | (5,059 | ) | 56,679 | |||||||||||||||||
Entertainment, retail and others |
| | 33,692 | 194 | (1,207 | ) | 32,679 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Gross revenues |
| | 2,732,137 | 194 | (8,713 | ) | 2,723,618 | |||||||||||||||||
Less: promotional allowances |
| | (81,642 | ) | | | (81,642 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net revenues |
| | 2,650,495 | 194 | (8,713 | ) | 2,641,976 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Casino |
| | (1,951,336 | ) | | 2,312 | (1,949,024 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Rooms |
| | (16,674 | ) | | 542 | (16,132 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Food and beverage |
| | (33,263 | ) | | 365 | (32,898 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Entertainment, retail and others |
| | (25,332 | ) | | 5,556 | (19,776 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
(14,985 | ) | (19 | ) | (197,478 | ) | (47,268 | ) | 59,920 | (199,830 | ) | |||||||||||||
Pre-opening costs |
| | (18,972 | ) | | 324 | (18,648 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Amortization of gaming subconcession |
| | (57,237 | ) | | | (57,237 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Amortization of land use rights |
| | (19,522 | ) | | | (19,522 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| | (234,427 | ) | (1,879 | ) | | (236,306 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Property charges and others |
| | (91 | ) | | | (91 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total operating costs and expenses |
(14,985 | ) | (19 | ) | (2,554,332 | ) | (49,147 | ) | 69,019 | (2,549,464 | ) | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
OPERATING (LOSS) INCOME |
(14,985 | ) | (19 | ) | 96,163 | (48,953 | ) | 60,306 | 92,512 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
NON-OPERATING INCOME (EXPENSES) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest (expenses) income, net |
(236 | ) | 759 | (93,499 | ) | 23 | | (92,953 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Other finance costs |
| (1,134 | ) | (9,357 | ) | | | (10,491 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange (loss) gain, net |
(41 | ) | (179 | ) | 2,042 | 1,741 | | 3,563 | ||||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
11,257 | 19 | 391 | 49,713 | (60,306 | ) | 1,074 | |||||||||||||||||
Costs associated with debt modification |
| | (3,310 | ) | | | (3,310 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Share of results of subsidiaries |
(6,129 | ) | (7,298 | ) | (1 | ) | | 13,428 | | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total non-operating income (expenses) |
4,851 | (7,833 | ) | (103,734 | ) | 51,477 | (46,878 | ) | (102,117 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX |
(10,134 | ) | (7,852 | ) | (7,571 | ) | 2,524 | 13,428 | (9,605 | ) | ||||||||||||||
INCOME TAX EXPENSES |
(391 | ) | | (166 | ) | (363 | ) | | (920 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
NET (LOSS) INCOME |
$ | (10,525 | ) | $ | (7,852 | ) | $ | (7,737 | ) | $ | 2,161 | $ | 13,428 | $ | (10,525 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-47
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
21. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION - continued |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the year ended December 31, 2009
Parent | Issuer | Guarantor Subsidiaries (1) |
Non-guarantor Subsidiaries |
Elimination | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
OPERATING REVENUES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Casino |
$ | | $ | | $ | 1,304,634 | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,304,634 | ||||||||||||
Rooms |
| | 42,598 | | (1,383 | ) | 41,215 | |||||||||||||||||
Food and beverage |
| | 29,450 | | (1,270 | ) | 28,180 | |||||||||||||||||
Entertainment, retail and others |
| | 10,103 | 1 | 1,773 | 11,877 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Gross revenues |
| | 1,386,785 | 1 | (880 | ) | 1,385,906 | |||||||||||||||||
Less: promotional allowances |
| | (53,033 | ) | | | (53,033 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net revenues |
| | 1,333,752 | 1 | (880 | ) | 1,332,873 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Casino |
| | (1,130,887 | ) | | 585 | (1,130,302 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Rooms |
| | (6,402 | ) | | 45 | (6,357 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Food and beverage |
| | (16,936 | ) | | 83 | (16,853 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Entertainment, retail and others |
| | (4,283 | ) | | 279 | (4,004 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
(21,089 | ) | | (122,884 | ) | (22,584 | ) | 35,571 | (130,986 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Pre-opening costs |
| | (91,994 | ) | (530 | ) | 642 | (91,882 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Amortization of gaming subconcession |
| | (57,237 | ) | | | (57,237 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Amortization of land use rights |
| | (18,395 | ) | | | (18,395 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| | (139,875 | ) | (1,989 | ) | | (141,864 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Property charges and others |
| | (4,185 | ) | (2,855 | ) | | (7,040 | ) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total operating costs and expenses |
(21,089 | ) | | (1,593,078 | ) | (27,958 | ) | 37,205 | (1,604,920 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
OPERATING LOSS |
(21,089 | ) | | (259,326 | ) | (27,957 | ) | 36,325 | (272,047 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
NON-OPERATING (EXPENSES) INCOME |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest (expenses) income, net |
(119 | ) | | (31,208 | ) | 1 | | (31,326 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Other finance costs |
| | (8,227 | ) | | | (8,227 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange (loss) gain, net |
(115 | ) | | 711 | (98 | ) | (7 | ) | 491 | |||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
15,127 | | 303 | 23,404 | (36,318 | ) | 2,516 | |||||||||||||||||
Share of results of subsidiaries |
(301,368 | ) | (296,065 | ) | (216 | ) | | 597,649 | | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total non-operating (expenses) income |
(286,475 | ) | (296,065 | ) | (38,637 | ) | 23,307 | 561,324 | (36,546 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAX |
(307,564 | ) | (296,065 | ) | (297,963 | ) | (4,650 | ) | 597,649 | (308,593 | ) | |||||||||||||
INCOME TAX (EXPENSES) CREDIT |
(897 | ) | | 1,536 | (507 | ) | | 132 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
NET LOSS |
$ | (308,461 | ) | $ | (296,065 | ) | $ | (296,427 | ) | $ | (5,157 | ) | $ | 597,649 | $ | (308,461 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-48
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
21. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION - continued |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the year ended December 31, 2008
Parent | Issuer | Guarantor Subsidiaries (1) |
Non-guarantor Subsidiaries |
Elimination | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
OPERATING REVENUES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Casino |
$ | | $ | | $ | 1,405,932 | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,405,932 | ||||||||||||
Rooms |
| | 17,575 | | (491 | ) | 17,084 | |||||||||||||||||
Food and beverage |
| | 16,480 | | (373 | ) | 16,107 | |||||||||||||||||
Entertainment, retail and others |
| | 5,396 | | | 5,396 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Gross revenues |
| | 1,445,383 | | (864 | ) | 1,444,519 | |||||||||||||||||
Less: promotional allowances |
| | (28,385 | ) | | | (28,385 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net revenues |
| | 1,416,998 | | (864 | ) | 1,416,134 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Casino |
| | (1,159,974 | ) | | 44 | (1,159,930 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Rooms |
| | (1,359 | ) | | 17 | (1,342 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Food and beverage |
| | (12,748 | ) | | 3 | (12,745 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Entertainment, retail and others |
| | (1,240 | ) | | | (1,240 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
(22,115 | ) | | (90,990 | ) | (12,997 | ) | 35,395 | (90,707 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Pre-opening costs |
| | (21,901 | ) | (3 | ) | 83 | (21,821 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Amortization of gaming subconcession |
| | (57,237 | ) | | | (57,237 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Amortization of land use rights |
| | (18,269 | ) | | | (18,269 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| | (50,485 | ) | (894 | ) | | (51,379 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Property charges and others |
| | (290 | ) | | | (290 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total operating costs and expenses |
(22,115 | ) | | (1,414,493 | ) | (13,894 | ) | 35,542 | (1,414,960 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
OPERATING (LOSS) INCOME |
(22,115 | ) | | 2,505 | (13,894 | ) | 34,678 | 1,174 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
NON-OPERATING INCOME (EXPENSES) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income, net |
5,755 | | 2,438 | 22 | | 8,215 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other finance costs |
| | (15,730 | ) | | | (15,730 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange (loss) gain, net |
(409 | ) | | 1,865 | (20 | ) | | 1,436 | ||||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
18,291 | | 6 | 17,353 | (34,678 | ) | 972 | |||||||||||||||||
Share of results of subsidiaries |
(3,866 | ) | (6,862 | ) | (46 | ) | | 10,774 | | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total non-operating income (expenses) |
19,771 | (6,862 | ) | (11,467 | ) | 17,355 | (23,904 | ) | (5,107 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX |
(2,344 | ) | (6,862 | ) | (8,962 | ) | 3,461 | 10,774 | (3,933 | ) | ||||||||||||||
INCOME TAX (EXPENSES) CREDIT |
(119 | ) | | 2,038 | (449 | ) | | 1,470 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
NET (LOSS) INCOME |
$ | (2,463 | ) | $ | (6,862 | ) | $ | (6,924 | ) | $ | 3,012 | $ | 10,774 | $ | (2,463 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-49
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
21. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION - continued |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the year ended December 31, 2010
Parent | Issuer | Guarantor Subsidiaries (1) |
Non-guarantor Subsidiaries |
Elimination | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
$ | 7,623 | $ | (238 | ) | $ | 383,056 | $ | 11,514 | $ | | $ | 401,955 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Advances to subsidiaries |
(25,777 | ) | (577,441 | ) | | | 603,218 | | ||||||||||||||||
Amounts due from subsidiaries |
(13,006 | ) | | | | 13,006 | | |||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of property and equipment |
| | (196,624 | ) | (761 | ) | | (197,385 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Deposits for acquisition of property and equipment |
| | (5,224 | ) | | | (5,224 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Payment for entertainment production costs |
| | (27,116 | ) | | | (27,116 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Changes in restricted cash |
| | 65,799 | 3,338 | | 69,137 | ||||||||||||||||||
Payment for land use right |
| | (29,802 | ) | | | (29,802 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment |
| | 80 | | | 80 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities |
(38,783 | ) | (577,441 | ) | (192,887 | ) | 2,577 | 616,224 | (190,310 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Payment of deferred financing costs |
| (14,346 | ) | (8,598 | ) | | | (22,944 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Advance from ultimate holding company |
| | 25,777 | | (25,777 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Amount due to ultimate holding company |
| (1 | ) | 323 | 12,684 | (13,006 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||
Loan from intermediate holding company |
| | 577,441 | | (577,441 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Principal payments on long-term debt |
| | (551,402 | ) | | | (551,402 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from long-term debt |
| 592,026 | | | | 592,026 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
| 577,679 | 43,541 | 12,684 | (616,224 | ) | 17,680 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
(31,160 | ) | | 233,710 | 26,775 | | 229,325 | |||||||||||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR |
34,358 | | 177,057 | 1,183 | | 212,598 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR |
$ | 3,198 | $ | | $ | 410,767 | $ | 27,958 | $ | | $ | 441,923 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-50
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
21. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION - continued |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the year ended December 31, 2009
Parent | Issuer | Guarantor Subsidiaries (1) |
Non-guarantor Subsidiaries |
Elimination | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net cash used in operating activities |
$ | (11,476 | ) | $ | | $ | (100,062 | ) | $ | (719 | ) | $ | | $ | (112,257 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Advances to subsidiaries |
(1,023,370 | ) | | | | 1,023,370 | | |||||||||||||||||
Amounts due from subsidiaries |
522,661 | | | | (522,661 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of property and equipment |
| | (934,961 | ) | (2,113 | ) | | (937,074 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Deposits for acquisition of property and equipment |
| | (2,712 | ) | | | (2,712 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Prepayment of entertainment production costs |
| | (21,735 | ) | | | (21,735 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Changes in restricted cash |
| | (165,108 | ) | (3,034 | ) | | (168,142 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Payment for land use right |
| | (30,559 | ) | | | (30,559 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Refund of deposit for acquisition of land interest |
| | | 12,853 | | 12,853 | ||||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment |
| | 3,729 | 1 | | 3,730 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities |
(500,709 | ) | | (1,151,346 | ) | 7,707 | 500,709 | (1,143,639 | ) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Payment of deferred financing costs |
| | (870 | ) | | | (870 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Advance from ultimate holding company |
| | 1,012,114 | 11,256 | (1,023,370 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Amount due to ultimate holding company |
| | (499,309 | ) | (23,352 | ) | 522,661 | | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from issue of share capital |
383,529 | | | | | 383,529 | ||||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from long-term debt |
| | 270,691 | | | 270,691 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
383,529 | | 782,626 | (12,096 | ) | (500,709 | ) | 653,350 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
(128,656 | ) | | (468,782 | ) | (5,108 | ) | | (602,546 | ) | ||||||||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR |
163,014 | | 645,839 | 6,291 | | 815,144 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR |
$ | 34,358 | $ | | $ | 177,057 | $ | 1,183 | $ | | $ | 212,598 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-51
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
21. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION - continued |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the year ended December 31, 2008
Parent | Issuer | Guarantor Subsidiaries (1) |
Non-guarantor Subsidiaries |
Elimination | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
$ | 9,419 | $ | (1 | ) | $ | (23,030 | ) | $ | 2,454 | $ | | $ | (11,158 | ) | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amounts due from subsidiaries |
(420,055 | ) | | | | 420,055 | | |||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of property and equipment |
| | (1,041,552 | ) | (12,440 | ) | | (1,053,992 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Deposits for acquisition of property and equipment |
| | (34,699 | ) | | | (34,699 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Prepayment of entertainment production costs |
| | (16,127 | ) | | | (16,127 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Changes in restricted cash |
| | 231,006 | | | 231,006 | ||||||||||||||||||
Payment for land use right |
| | (42,090 | ) | | | (42,090 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment |
| | 2,300 | | | 2,300 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(420,055 | ) | | (901,162 | ) | (12,440 | ) | 420,055 | (913,602 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Payment of deferred financing costs |
| | (7,641 | ) | | | (7,641 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Loans from shareholders |
| | (181 | ) | | | (181 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Amount due to ultimate holding company |
| 1 | 404,617 | 15,437 | (420,055 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from long-term debt |
| | 912,307 | | | 912,307 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
| 1 | 1,309,102 | 15,437 | (420,055 | ) | 904,485 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
(410,636 | ) | | 384,910 | 5,451 | | (20,275 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR |
573,650 | | 260,929 | 840 | | 835,419 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR |
$ | 163,014 | $ | | $ | 645,839 | $ | 6,291 | $ | | $ | 815,144 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note
(1) | The guarantor subsidiaries column includes financial information of Melco Crown Gaming which is not 100% owned by the Parent. |
F-52
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION - FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULE 1
FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF PARENT COMPANY
BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
December 31, | ||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
CURRENT ASSETS |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 3,198 | $ | 34,358 | ||||
Amounts due from subsidiaries |
77,682 | 64,676 | ||||||
Amounts due from affiliate companies |
1,351 | | ||||||
Income tax receivable |
198 | | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
4,722 | 12,605 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current assets |
87,151 | 111,639 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES |
2,734,880 | 2,697,541 | ||||||
LONG-TERM PREPAYMENT, DEPOSITS AND OTHER ASSETS |
641 | 1,178 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
TOTAL |
$ | 2,822,672 | $ | 2,810,358 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY |
||||||||
CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||||||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
$ | 1,890 | $ | 3,302 | ||||
Income tax payable |
| 387 | ||||||
Amounts due to affiliated companies |
137 | 1,620 | ||||||
Amounts due to subsidiaries |
181,771 | 180,336 | ||||||
Amounts due to shareholders |
36 | 22 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current liabilities |
183,834 | 185,667 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
LOANS FROM SHAREHOLDERS |
115,647 | 115,647 | ||||||
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY |
||||||||
Ordinary shares at US$0.01 par value per share (Authorized - 2,500,000,000 shares as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 and issued - 1,605,658,111 and 1,595,617,550 shares as of December 31, 2010 and 2009) |
16,056 | 15,956 | ||||||
Treasury shares, at US$0.01 par value per share (8,409,186 and 471,567 shares as of December 31, 2010 and 2009) |
(84 | ) | (5 | ) | ||||
Additional paid-in capital |
3,095,730 | 3,088,768 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive losses |
(11,345 | ) | (29,034 | ) | ||||
Accumulated losses |
(577,166 | ) | (566,641 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total shareholders' equity |
2,523,191 | 2,509,044 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
TOTAL |
$ | 2,822,672 | $ | 2,810,358 | ||||
|
|
|
|
F-53
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION - FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULE 1
FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF PARENT COMPANY
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
REVENUE |
$ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
OPERATING EXPENSES |
||||||||||||
General and administrative |
(14,985 | ) | (21,089 | ) | (22,115 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total operating expenses |
(14,985 | ) | (21,089 | ) | (22,115 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
OPERATING LOSS |
(14,985 | ) | (21,089 | ) | (22,115 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
NON-OPERATING INCOME (EXPENSES) |
||||||||||||
Interest income |
6 | 96 | 5,755 | |||||||||
Interest expenses |
(242 | ) | (215 | ) | | |||||||
Foreign exchange loss, net |
(41 | ) | (115 | ) | (409 | ) | ||||||
Other income, net |
11,257 | 15,127 | 18,291 | |||||||||
Share of results of subsidiaries |
(6,129 | ) | (301,368 | ) | (3,866 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total non-operating income (expenses) |
4,851 | (286,475 | ) | 19,771 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAX |
(10,134 | ) | (307,564 | ) | (2,344 | ) | ||||||
INCOME TAX EXPENSE |
(391 | ) | (897 | ) | (119 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
NET LOSS |
$ | (10,525 | ) | $ | (308,461 | ) | $ | (2,463 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-54
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION - FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULE 1
FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF PARENT COMPANY
STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
Common Shares | Treasury Shares | Additional Paid-in Capital |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Losses |
Accumulated Losses |
Total Shareholders Equity |
Comprehensive (Loss) Income |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE AT JANUARY 1, 2008 |
1,320,938,902 | $ | 13,209 | | $ | | $ | 2,682,125 | $ | (11,076 | ) | $ | (255,717 | ) | $ | 2,428,541 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss for the year |
| | | | | | (2,463 | ) | (2,463 | ) | $ | (2,463 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in fair value of interest rate swap agreements |
| | | | | (24,609 | ) | | (24,609 | ) | (24,609 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reversal of over-accrued offering expenses |
| | | | 117 | | | 117 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
| | | | 7,018 | | | 7,018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued upon restricted shares vested |
226,317 | 3 | | | (3 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued for future exercise of share options |
385,180 | 4 | (385,180 | ) | (4 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2008 |
1,321,550,399 | 13,216 | (385,180 | ) | (4 | ) | 2,689,257 | (35,685 | ) | (258,180 | ) | 2,408,604 | $ | (27,072 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss for the year |
| | | | | | (308,461 | ) | (308,461 | ) | $ | (308,461 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
| | | | | (11 | ) | | (11 | ) | (11 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in fair value of interest rate swap agreements |
| | | | | 6,662 | | 6,662 | 6,662 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
| | | | 11,807 | | | 11,807 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued, net of offering expenses |
263,155,335 | 2,631 | | | 380,898 | | | 383,529 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued upon restricted shares vested |
8,297,110 | 83 | | | 6,831 | | | 6,914 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued for future vesting of restricted shares |
2,614,706 | 26 | (2,614,706 | ) | (26 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of shares for restricted shares vested |
| | 2,528,319 | 25 | (25 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2009 |
1,595,617,550 | 15,956 | (471,567 | ) | (5 | ) | 3,088,768 | (29,034 | ) | (566,641 | ) | 2,509,044 | $ | (301,810 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss for the year |
| | | | | | (10,525 | ) | (10,525 | ) | $ | (10,525 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
| | | | | 32 | | 32 | 32 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in fair value of interest rate swap agreements |
| | | | | 17,657 | | 17,657 | 17,657 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
| | | | 6,045 | | | 6,045 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued upon restricted shares vested |
1,254,920 | 12 | | | (12 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued for future vesting of restricted shares and exercise of share options |
8,785,641 | 88 | (8,785,641 | ) | (88 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of shares for restricted shares vested |
| | 43,737 | 1 | (1 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of share options |
| | 804,285 | 8 | 930 | | | 938 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2010 |
1,605,658,111 | $ | 16,056 | (8,409,186 | ) | $ | (84 | ) | $ | 3,095,730 | $ | (11,345 | ) | $ | (577,166 | ) | $ | 2,523,191 | $ | 7,164 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-55
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION - FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULE 1
FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF PARENT COMPANY
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands of U.S. dollars)
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (10,525 | ) | $ | (308,461 | ) | $ | (2,463 | ) | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: |
||||||||||||
Share-based compensation |
6,043 | 11,385 | 6,855 | |||||||||
Share of results of subsidiaries |
6,129 | 301,368 | 3,866 | |||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||||||
Amounts due from affiliated companies |
(1,351 | ) | | 2 | ||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
8,821 | (11,885 | ) | 2,753 | ||||||||
Long-term prepayment and deposits |
537 | 537 | (1,715 | ) | ||||||||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
(1,413 | ) | (1,605 | ) | 2,119 | |||||||
Income tax payable |
(585 | ) | (909 | ) | 119 | |||||||
Amounts due to shareholders |
15 | (1,973 | ) | | ||||||||
Amounts due to affiliated companies |
(1,483 | ) | 67 | (2,108 | ) | |||||||
Amounts due to subsidiaries |
1,435 | | (9 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
7,623 | (11,476 | ) | 9,419 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||
Advances to subsidiaries |
(25,777 | ) | (1,023,370 | ) | | |||||||
Amounts due from subsidiaries |
(13,006 | ) | 522,661 | (420,055 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(38,783 | ) | (500,709 | ) | (420,055 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||
Proceeds from issue of share capital |
| 383,529 | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
(31,160 | ) | (128,656 | ) | (410,636 | ) | ||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR |
34,358 | 163,014 | 573,650 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR |
$ | 3,198 | $ | 34,358 | $ | 163,014 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-56
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION - FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULE 1
FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF PARENT COMPANY
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SCHEDULE 1
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data)
1. | Schedule 1 has been provided pursuant to the requirements of Rule 12-04(a) and 4-08(e)(3) of Regulation S-X, which require condensed financial information as to financial position, changes in financial position and results and operations of a parent company as of the same dates and for the same periods for which audited consolidated financial statements have been presented when the restricted net assets of the consolidated and unconsolidated subsidiaries together exceed 25 percent of consolidated net assets as of end of the most recently completed fiscal year. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, approximately $1,553,000 and $1,543,000, respectively of the restricted net assets not available for distribution, and as such, the condensed financial information of the Company has been presented for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. |
2. | Basis of presentation |
The condensed financial information has been prepared using the same accounting policies as set out in the Companys consolidated financial statements except that the parent company has used equity method to account for its investments in subsidiaries.
F-57
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
INDEX TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2011 AND 2010
Page | ||||
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 |
H-2 | |||
H-3 | ||||
H-4 | ||||
H-5 | ||||
H-7 |
H-1
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
June 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
CURRENT ASSETS |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 1,026,851 | $ | 441,923 | ||||
Restricted cash |
12,499 | 167,286 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, net (Note 3) |
241,413 | 259,521 | ||||||
Amounts due from affiliated companies (Note 14(a)) |
1,949 | 1,528 | ||||||
Income tax receivable |
| 198 | ||||||
Inventories |
14,192 | 14,990 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
20,873 | 15,026 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current assets |
1,317,777 | 900,472 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET (Note 4) |
2,562,896 | 2,671,895 | ||||||
GAMING SUBCONCESSION, NET |
628,123 | 656,742 | ||||||
INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET |
4,220 | 4,220 | ||||||
GOODWILL |
81,915 | 81,915 | ||||||
LONG-TERM PREPAYMENT, DEPOSITS AND OTHER ASSETS |
74,290 | 95,629 | ||||||
RESTRICTED CASH (Note 8) |
355,938 | | ||||||
DEFERRED TAX ASSETS |
| 25 | ||||||
DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS |
46,460 | 45,387 | ||||||
DEPOSIT FOR ACQUISITION OF SUBSIDIARIES (Note 5) |
65,000 | | ||||||
LAND USE RIGHTS, NET (Note 6) |
418,392 | 428,155 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
TOTAL |
$ | 5,555,011 | $ | 4,884,440 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 9,676 | $ | 8,880 | ||||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (Note 7) |
457,869 | 462,084 | ||||||
Income tax payable |
1,277 | 934 | ||||||
Current portion of long-term debt (Note 8) |
| 202,997 | ||||||
Amounts due to affiliated companies (Note 14(b)) |
748 | 673 | ||||||
Amounts due to shareholders (Note 14(c)) |
32 | 36 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total current liabilities |
469,602 | 675,604 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
LONG-TERM DEBT (Note 8) |
2,316,741 | 1,521,251 | ||||||
OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES |
4,510 | 6,496 | ||||||
DEFERRED TAX LIABILITIES |
17,325 | 18,010 | ||||||
LOANS FROM SHAREHOLDERS (Note 14(c)) |
115,647 | 115,647 | ||||||
LAND USE RIGHT PAYABLE |
16,359 | 24,241 | ||||||
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 13) |
||||||||
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
Ordinary shares at US$0.01 par value per share (Authorized 2,500,000,000 shares as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 and issued and paid - 1,606,900,432 and 1,605,658,111 shares as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively) (Note 10) |
16,069 | 16,056 | ||||||
Treasury shares, at US$0.01 par value per share (5,821,494 and 8,409,186 shares as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively) (Note 10) |
(58 | ) | (84 | ) | ||||
Additional paid-in capital |
3,103,092 | 3,095,730 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive losses |
(918 | ) | (11,345 | ) | ||||
Accumulated losses |
(503,358 | ) | (577,166 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total shareholders equity |
2,614,827 | 2,523,191 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
TOTAL |
$ | 5,555,011 | $ | 4,884,440 | ||||
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
H-2
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
OPERATING REVENUES |
||||||||
Casino |
$ | 1,692,361 | $ | 1,104,839 | ||||
Rooms |
49,323 | 39,335 | ||||||
Food and beverage |
29,329 | 27,406 | ||||||
Entertainment, retail and others |
41,179 | 10,761 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Gross revenues |
1,812,192 | 1,182,341 | ||||||
Less: promotional allowances |
(45,650 | ) | (41,096 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net revenues |
1,766,542 | 1,141,245 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES |
||||||||
Casino |
(1,273,763 | ) | (865,830 | ) | ||||
Rooms |
(9,024 | ) | (6,767 | ) | ||||
Food and beverage |
(16,543 | ) | (15,330 | ) | ||||
Entertainment, retail and others |
(29,158 | ) | (4,143 | ) | ||||
General and administrative |
(104,314 | ) | (91,349 | ) | ||||
Pre-opening costs |
(1,285 | ) | (6,982 | ) | ||||
Development costs |
(1,110 | ) | | |||||
Amortization of gaming subconcession |
(28,619 | ) | (28,619 | ) | ||||
Amortization of land use rights |
(9,763 | ) | (9,760 | ) | ||||
Depreciation and amortization |
(128,136 | ) | (113,733 | ) | ||||
Property charges and others |
(1,025 | ) | 34 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total operating costs and expenses |
(1,602,740 | ) | (1,142,479 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) |
163,802 | (1,234 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
NON-OPERATING EXPENSES |
||||||||
Interest income |
864 | 160 | ||||||
Interest expenses, net of capitalized interest |
(54,860 | ) | (36,926 | ) | ||||
Reclassification of accumulated losses of interest rate swap agreements from accumulated other comprehensive losses |
(4,310 | ) | | |||||
Amortization of deferred financing costs |
(8,220 | ) | (6,944 | ) | ||||
Loan commitment fees |
(461 | ) | 4,324 | |||||
Foreign exchange gain, net |
191 | 17 | ||||||
Other income, net |
2,064 | 1,041 | ||||||
Costs associated with debt modification |
| (3,156 | ) | |||||
Loss on extinguishment of debt (Note 8) |
(25,193 | ) | | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total non-operating expenses |
(89,925 | ) | (41,484 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAX |
73,877 | (42,718 | ) | |||||
INCOME TAX (EXPENSE) CREDIT (Note 11) |
(69 | ) | 143 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
NET INCOME (LOSS) |
$ | 73,808 | $ | (42,575 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|||||
INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE: |
||||||||
Basic |
$ | 0.0461 | $ | (0.0267 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Diluted |
$ | 0.0458 | $ | (0.0267 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|||||
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES USED IN INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE CALCULATION: |
||||||||
Basic |
1,599,631,942 | 1,595,281,416 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Diluted |
1,611,770,624 | 1,595,281,416 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
H-3
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
Ordinary Shares | Treasury Shares | Additional Paid-in Capital |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Losses |
Accumulated Losses |
Total Shareholders Equity |
Comprehensive (Loss) Income |
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Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Note) |
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Balance at January 1, 2010 |
1,595,617,550 | $ | 15,956 | (471,567 | ) | $ | (5 | ) | $ | 3,088,768 | $ | (29,034 | ) | $ | (566,641 | ) | $ | 2,509,044 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net loss for the period |
| | | | | | (42,575 | ) | (42,575 | ) | $ | (42,575 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
| | | | | (8 | ) | | (8 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in fair value of interest rate swap agreements |
| | | | | 9,561 | | 9,561 | 9,561 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation (Note 12) |
| | | | 2,503 | | | 2,503 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued upon restricted shares vested (Note 10) |
199,160 | 2 | | | (2 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued for future exercise of share options (Note 10) |
931,746 | 10 | (931,746 | ) | (10 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of shares for restricted shares vested (Note 10) |
| | 43,737 | 1 | (1 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Balance at June 30, 2010 |
1,596,748,456 | $ | 15,968 | (1,359,576 | ) | $ | (14 | ) | $ | 3,091,268 | $ | (19,481 | ) | $ | (609,216 | ) | $ | 2,478,525 | $ | (33,022 | ) | |||||||||||||||
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Balance at January 1, 2011 |
1,605,658,111 | $ | 16,056 | $ | (8,409,186 | ) | $ | (84 | ) | $ | 3,095,730 | $ | (11,345 | ) | $ | (577,166 | ) | $ | 2,523,191 | |||||||||||||||||
Net income for the period |
| | | | | | 73,808 | 73,808 | $ | 73,808 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustment |
| | | | | 6 | | 6 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Change in fair value of interest rate swap agreements |
| | | | | 6,111 | | 6,111 | 6,111 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reclassification to earnings upon discontinuance of hedge accounting |
| | | | | 4,310 | | 4,310 | 4,310 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share-based compensation (Note 12) |
| | | | 3,856 | | | 3,856 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued upon restricted shares vested (Note 10) |
310,575 | 3 | | | (3 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares issued for future exercise of share options (Note 10) |
931,746 | 10 | (931,746 | ) | (10 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of shares for restricted shares vested (Note 10) |
| | 79,788 | 1 | (1 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of share options (Note 10) |
| | 3,439,650 | 35 | 3,510 | | | 3,545 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Balance at June 30, 2011 |
1,606,900,432 | $ | 16,069 | (5,821,494 | ) | $ | (58 | ) | $ | 3,103,092 | $ | (918 | ) | $ | (503,358 | ) | $ | 2,614,827 | $ | 84,235 | ||||||||||||||||
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Note: | The treasury shares represent new share issued by the Company and held by the depository bank to facilitate the administration and operations of the Companys share incentive plan. These shares are to be delivered to the Directors, eligible employees and consultants on the vesting of restricted shares and upon the exercise of share options. |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
H-4
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands of U.S. dollars)
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
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Net income (loss) |
$ | 73,808 | $ | (42,575 | ) | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: |
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Depreciation and amortization |
166,518 | 152,112 | ||||||
Amortization of deferred financing costs |
8,220 | 6,944 | ||||||
Amortization of discount on senior notes payable |
353 | 82 | ||||||
Loss on disposal of property and equipment |
3 | 102 | ||||||
Allowance for doubtful debts and direct write off |
20,230 | 17,911 | ||||||
Written off deferred financing costs on modification of debt |
| 1,992 | ||||||
Loss on extinguishment of debt |
25,193 | | ||||||
Share-based compensation |
3,856 | 2,503 | ||||||
Reclassification of accumulated losses of interest rate swap agreements from accumulated other comprehensive losses |
4,310 | | ||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
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Accounts receivable |
14,001 | (56,475 | ) | |||||
Amounts due from affiliated companies |
(421 | ) | 1 | |||||
Amount due from a shareholder |
| (8 | ) | |||||
Income tax receivable |
220 | | ||||||
Inventories |
798 | (1,076 | ) | |||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
(6,501 | ) | (115 | ) | ||||
Long-term prepayment, deposits and other assets |
623 | 499 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets |
25 | (171 | ) | |||||
Accounts payable |
796 | 554 | ||||||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
8,882 | (8,287 | ) | |||||
Income tax payable |
320 | 221 | ||||||
Amounts due to affiliated companies |
(17 | ) | (499 | ) | ||||
Amounts due to shareholders |
(4 | ) | (14 | ) | ||||
Other long-term liabilities |
292 | (35 | ) | |||||
Deferred tax liabilities |
(685 | ) | (327 | ) | ||||
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Net cash provided by operating activities |
320,820 | 73,339 | ||||||
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CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
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Acquisition of property and equipment |
(22,864 | ) | (118,853 | ) | ||||
Deposits for acquisition of property and equipment |
(1,893 | ) | (835 | ) | ||||
Deposit for acquisition of subsidiaries |
(65,000 | ) | | |||||
Payment for entertainment production costs |
| (17,157 | ) | |||||
Changes in restricted cash |
(198,491 | ) | 41,835 | |||||
Payment for land use right |
(7,582 | ) | (22,462 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment |
113 | 1 | ||||||
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Net cash used in investing activities |
$ | (295,717 | ) | $ | (117,471 | ) | ||
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H-5
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars)
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
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Payment of deferred financing costs |
$ | (34,028 | ) | $ | (21,194 | ) | ||
Proceeds from exercise of share options |
4,199 | | ||||||
Proceeds from long-term debt |
706,556 | 592,026 | ||||||
Principal payments on long-term debt |
(117,076 | ) | (444,066 | ) | ||||
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Net cash provided by financing activities |
559,651 | 126,766 | ||||||
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EFFECT OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
174 | | ||||||
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NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
584,928 | 82,634 | ||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD |
441,923 | 212,598 | ||||||
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CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD |
$ | 1,026,851 | $ | 295,232 | ||||
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SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOWS |
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Cash paid for interest (net of capitalized interest) |
$ | (53,673 | ) | $ | (29,932 | ) | ||
Cash paid for tax (net of refunds) |
$ | (189 | ) | $ | (134 | ) | ||
NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
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Construction costs and property and equipment funded through accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
$ | 1,777 | $ | 37,789 | ||||
Costs of property and equipment funded through amounts due to affiliated companies |
$ | 92 | $ | 1,130 | ||||
Deferred financing costs funded through accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
$ | 624 | $ | 1,634 | ||||
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The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
H-6
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
1. | COMPANY INFORMATION |
Melco Crown Entertainment Limited (the Company) was incorporated in the Cayman Islands on December 17, 2004 and completed an initial public offering of its ordinary shares in the United States of America in December 2006. The Companys American depository shares (ADS) are traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol MPEL. The Company together with its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the Group) is a developer, owner and, through its subsidiary, Melco Crown Gaming (Macau) Limited (Melco Crown Gaming), operator of casino gaming and entertainment resort facilities focused on the Macau Special Administrative Region of the Peoples Republic of China (Macau) market. The Group currently owns and operates City of Dreams - an integrated resort development which opened in June 2009, Taipa Square Casino which opened in June 2008, Altira Macau (formerly known as Crown Macau) - a casino and hotel resort which opened in May 2007, and Mocha Clubs - non-casino-based operations of electronic gaming machines which has been in operation since September 2003.
As of June 30, 2011, the major shareholders of the Company are Melco International Development Limited (Melco), a company listed in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the Peoples Republic of China (Hong Kong), and Crown Limited (Crown), an Australian-listed corporation, which completed its acquisition of the gaming businesses and investments of Publishing and Broadcasting Limited (PBL) on December 12, 2007. PBL, an Australian-listed corporation, is now known as Consolidated Media Holdings Limited.
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial reporting. The results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2011 are not necessarily indicative of the results for the full year. The financial information as of December 31, 2010 presented in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements is derived from the Companys audited consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2010.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Companys audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2010. In the opinion of the management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary for a fair presentation of financial results of such periods.
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
(a) | Gaming Tax |
The Group is subject to taxes based on gross gaming revenue in Macau. These gaming taxes are an assessment on the Groups gaming revenue and are recorded as an expense within the Casino line item in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations. These taxes totaled $912,664 and $595,603 for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
(b) | Income (loss) Per Share |
Basic income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing the net income (loss) available to ordinary shareholders by the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period.
H-7
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued |
(b) | Income (loss) Per Share - continued |
Diluted income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing the net income (loss) available to ordinary shareholders by the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding adjusted to include the potentially dilutive effect of outstanding share-based awards.
The weighted-average number of ordinary and ordinary equivalent shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted income (loss) per share consisted of the following:
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding used in the calculation of basic income (loss) per share |
1,599,631,942 | 1,595,281,416 | ||||||
Incremental weighted-average number of ordinary shares from assumed exercise of restricted shares and share options using the treasury stock method |
12,138,682 | | ||||||
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Weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding used in the calculation of diluted income (loss) per share |
1,611,770,624 | 1,595,281,416 | ||||||
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(c) | Accounts Receivable and Credit Risk |
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Group to concentrations of credit risk consist principally of casino receivables. The Group issues credit in the form of markers to approved casino customers following investigations of creditworthiness including its gaming promoters in Macau which receivable can be offset against commissions payable and any other value items held by the Group to the respective customer and for which the Group intends to set-off when required. As of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, a substantial portion of the Groups markers were due from customers residing in foreign countries. Business or economic conditions, the legal enforceability of gaming debts, or other significant events in foreign countries could affect the collectability of receivables from customers and gaming promoters residing in these countries.
Accounts receivable, including casino, hotel and other receivables, are typically non-interest bearing and are initially recorded at cost. Accounts are written off when management deems it is probable the receivable is uncollectible. Recoveries of accounts previously written off are recorded when received. An estimated allowance for doubtful debts is maintained to reduce the Groups receivables to their carrying amounts, which approximates fair value. The allowance is estimated based on specific review of customer accounts as well as managements experience with collection trends in the casino industry and current economic and business conditions. Management believes that as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, no significant concentrations of credit risk existed for which an allowance had not already been recorded.
(d) | Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities |
The Group uses derivative financial instruments such as floating-for-fixed interest rate swap agreements and forward exchange rate contracts to manage its risks associated with interest rate fluctuations in accordance with lenders requirements under the Groups senior secured credit facility (the City of Dreams Project Facility) and exchange rate fluctuations for the interest payment of the
H-8
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued |
(d) | Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - continued |
RMB2,300,000,000 3.75% bonds, due 2013 (the RMB Bonds). The Group accounts for derivative financial instruments in accordance with applicable accounting standards. All derivative instruments are recognized in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements at fair value at the balance sheet date. Any changes in fair value are recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations or in accumulated other comprehensive losses, depending on whether the derivative is designated and qualifies for hedge accounting, the type of hedge transaction and the effectiveness of the hedge. The estimated fair values of interest rate swap agreements and forward exchange rate contracts are based on a standard valuation model that projects future cash flows and discounts those future cash flows to a present value using market-based observable inputs such as interest rate yields and market forward exchange rates.
As of June 30, 2011, the notional amounts of the outstanding interest rate swap agreements amounted to $492,265 and their fair values of $4,310 were recorded as interest rate swap liabilities and included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities. As of June 30, 2011, the fair values of the outstanding forward exchange rate arrangements were insignificant.
(e) | Recent Changes in Accounting Standards |
In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued guidance regarding fair value measurement amendments to achieve common fair value measurement and disclosure requirements in U.S. GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The guidance improves the comparability of fair value measurements presented and disclosed in accordance with U.S. GAAP and IFRS by changing the wording used to describe many of the requirements in U.S. GAAP for measuring fair value and disclosure of information. The amendments to this guidance provide explanations on how to measure fair value but do not require any additional fair value measurements and do not establish valuation standards or affect valuation practices outside of financial reporting. The amendments clarify existing fair value measurements and disclosure requirements to include application of the highest and best use and valuation premises concepts; measuring fair value of an instrument classified in a reporting entitys equity; and disclosures requirements regarding quantitative information about unobservable inputs categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. In addition, clarification is provided for measuring the fair value of financial instruments that are managed in a portfolio and the application of premiums and discounts in a fair value measurement. The guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011. The Group does not expect this guidance to have a significant impact on the Groups unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
In June 2011, the FASB issued guidance regarding the presentation of comprehensive income. The guidance improves the comparability, consistency, and transparency of financial reporting and increases the prominence of items reported in other comprehensive income. The amendments to the guidance requires entities to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. Entities are no longer permitted to present components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in equity. Any adjustments for items that are reclassified from other comprehensive income to net income are to be presented on the face of the entities financial statement regardless of the method of presentation for comprehensive income. The amendments do not change items to be reported in comprehensive income
H-9
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued |
(e) | Recent Changes in Accounting Standards - continued |
or when an item of other comprehensive income must be reclassified to net income, nor do the amendments change the option to present the components of other comprehensive income either net of related tax effects or before related tax effects. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning on or after December 15, 2011. The application of this guidance will require the change of the Groups presentation of comprehensive income.
In September 2011, the FASB issued amendments in relation to the goodwill impairment test. The amendments will allow an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. Under these amendments, an entity would not be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. The amendments include a number of events and circumstances for an entity to consider in conducting the qualitative assessment. The amendments are effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. Early adoption is permitted. The application of these amendments will require the change of the Groups assessment on goodwill impairment. The Group does not expect these amendments to have a significant impact on the Groups unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
3. | ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, NET |
June 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
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Components of accounts receivable, net are as follows: |
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Casino |
$ | 298,736 | $ | 293,976 | ||||
Hotel |
3,911 | 4,438 | ||||||
Other |
2,468 | 2,597 | ||||||
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Sub-total |
$ | 305,115 | $ | 301,011 | ||||
Less: allowance for doubtful debts |
(63,702 | ) | (41,490 | ) | ||||
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$ | 241,413 | $ | 259,521 | |||||
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During the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, the Group has provided allowance for doubtful debts of $20,230 and $17,908 and has written off accounts receivable of nil and $3, respectively.
H-10
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
4. | PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET |
June 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
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Cost |
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Buildings |
$ | 2,439,117 | $ | 2,439,425 | ||||
Furniture, fixtures and equipment |
390,602 | 381,231 | ||||||
Plant and gaming machinery |
131,613 | 131,104 | ||||||
Leasehold improvements |
153,587 | 147,530 | ||||||
Motor vehicles |
4,313 | 4,309 | ||||||
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Sub-total |
$ | 3,119,232 | $ | 3,103,599 | ||||
Less: accumulated depreciation |
(605,346 | ) | (481,040 | ) | ||||
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Sub-total |
$ | 2,513,886 | $ | 2,622,559 | ||||
Construction in progress |
49,010 | 49,336 | ||||||
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Property and equipment, net |
$ | 2,562,896 | $ | 2,671,895 | ||||
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5. | DEPOSIT FOR ACQUISITION OF SUBSIDIARIES |
On June 16, 2011, the Company entered into a share purchase agreement and through its subsidiary, MCE Cotai Investments Limited (MCE Cotai), to acquire from an affiliate of eSun Holdings Limited (eSun Holdings), an independent third party, a 60% equity interest in Cyber One Agents Limited (together with its direct and indirect subsidiaries, the Cyber One Group), which is the developer of Studio City, an integrated resort comprising entertainment, retail and gaming facilities to be developed in Macau (the Studio City Project). Under the share purchase agreement and related transaction documents, the Company will make a total consideration of $360,000 which include i) a payment to an affiliate of eSun Holdings for its entire 60% interest in, and a shareholders loan extended to, the Cyber One Group at $200,000 and $60,000, respectively, and ii) a payment of $100,000 in cash in three instalments over two years commencing upon the closing of the transaction to New Cotai Holdings, LLC (the non-controlling shareholder who owns 40% interest in Cyber One Agents Limited), for transferring to Cyber One Group the shares of other entities that own rights to develop the gaming areas of the Studio City Project. A deposit of $65,000 was paid to an affiliate of eSun Holdings upon signing of the share purchase agreement and is included in deposit for acquisition of subsidiaries as of June 30, 2011. The above transaction was completed on July 27, 2011 at which time the Company acquired the assets and liabilities of the Studio City Project and accounted for the transaction as a purchase of assets and liabilities.
6. | LAND USE RIGHTS, NET |
June 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
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Altira Macau |
$ | 141,543 | $ | 141,543 | ||||
City of Dreams |
376,122 | 376,122 | ||||||
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$ | 517,665 | $ | 517,665 | |||||
Less: accumulated amortization |
(99,273 | ) | (89,510 | ) | ||||
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Land use rights, net |
$ | 418,392 | $ | 428,155 | ||||
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Land use rights are recorded at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is provided over the estimated lease term of the land on a straight-line basis. The expiry dates of the leases of the land use rights of the Altira Macau and City of Dreams are March 2031 and August 2033, respectively.
H-11
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
7. | ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES |
June 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
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Construction costs payable |
$ | 3,479 | $ | 14,218 | ||||
Customer deposits and ticket sales |
42,415 | 50,143 | ||||||
Outstanding gaming chips and tokens |
148,001 | 131,158 | ||||||
Other gaming related accruals |
18,429 | 15,065 | ||||||
Gaming tax accruals |
146,930 | 137,299 | ||||||
Land use right payable |
15,571 | 15,191 | ||||||
Operating expense and other accruals |
78,734 | 90,867 | ||||||
Interest rate swap liabilities |
4,310 | 8,143 | ||||||
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$ | 457,869 | $ | 462,084 | |||||
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8. | LONG-TERM DEBT |
Long-term debt consisted of the following:
June 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
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City of Dreams Project Facility |
$ | | $ | 1,131,805 | ||||
The amended City of Dreams Project Facility (the 2011 Credit Facilities) |
1,014,729 | | ||||||
$600,000 10.25% senior notes, due 2018 (the Senior Notes) |
592,796 | 592,443 | ||||||
RMB Bonds |
355,938 | | ||||||
Hong Kong dollar deposit-linked loan facility (the Deposit-Linked Loan) |
353,278 | | ||||||
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$ | 2,316,741 | $ | 1,724,248 | |||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
| (202,997 | ) | |||||
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$ | 2,316,741 | $ | 1,521,251 | |||||
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City of Dreams Project Facility
On September 5, 2007, Melco Crown Gaming (the Borrower) entered into the City of Dreams Project Facility, which was subsequently amended in May 2010, with certain lenders in the aggregate amount of $1,750,000 to fund the City of Dreams project. The City of Dreams Project Facility consisted of a $1,500,000 term loan facility (the Term Loan Facility) and a $250,000 revolving credit facility (the Revolving Credit Facility).
During the six months ended June 30, 2011, the Borrower repaid $89,158 and prepaid $20,896 of the Term Loan Facility, according to the quarterly amortization payments and the quarterly mandatory prepayments, respectively, and the Borrower also made voluntary repayments of $7,022 before the amendment to the City of Dreams Project Facility as described below.
2011 Credit Facilities
On June 30, 2011, the City of Dreams Project Facility was further amended pursuant to an amendment agreement entered into among the Borrower and certain lenders under the City of Dreams Project Facility on June 22, 2011. The 2011 Credit Facilities, among other things: (i) reduce the Term Loan Facility to
H-12
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
8. | LONG-TERM DEBT - continued |
2011 Credit Facilities - continued
HK$6,241,440,000 (equivalent to $802,241) (the 2011 Term Loan Facility) and increase the Revolving Credit Facility to HK$3,120,720,000 (equivalent to $401,121) (the 2011 Revolving Credit Facility), of which both are denominated in Hong Kong Dollars; (ii) introduce new lenders and remove certain lenders originally under the City of Dreams Project Facility; (iii) extend the repayment maturity date; (iv) reduce and remove certain restrictions imposed by the covenants in the City of Dreams Project Facility; and (v) remove MPEL (Delaware) LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Borrower, from the Borrowing Group (the 2011 Borrowing Group).
The final maturity date of the 2011 Credit Facilities is June 30, 2016. The 2011 Term Loan Facility will be repaid in quarterly instalments according to an amortization schedule commencing on September 30, 2013. Each loan made under the 2011 Revolving Credit Facility will be repaid in full on the last day of an agreed upon interest period in respect of the loan, generally ranging from one to six months, or rolling over subject to compliance with certain covenants and satisfaction of conditions precedent. The Borrower may make voluntary prepayments in respect of the 2011 Credit Facilities in a minimum amount of HK$160,000,000 (equivalent to $20,566), plus the amount of any applicable break costs. The Borrower is also subject to mandatory prepayment requirements in respect of various amounts within the 2011 Borrowing Group, including but not limited to: (i) the net proceeds received by any member of the 2011 Borrowing Group in respect of the compulsory transfer, seizure or acquisition by any governmental authority of the assets of any member of the 2011 Borrowing Group (subject to certain exceptions); (ii) the net proceeds of any asset sale, subject to reinvestment rights and certain exceptions, which are in excess of $15,000; (iii) net termination, claim or settlement proceeds paid under the Borrowers subconcession or the 2011 Borrowing Groups land concessions, subject to certain exceptions; (iv) insurance proceeds net of expenses to obtain such proceeds under the property insurances relating to the total loss of all or substantially all of the Altira Macau gaming business; and (v) other insurance proceeds net of expenses to obtain such proceeds under any property insurances, subject to reinvestment rights and certain exceptions, which are in excess of $15,000.
The indebtedness under the 2011 Credit Facilities is guaranteed by the 2011 Borrowing Group. Security for the 2011 Credit Facilities remains the same as under the City of Dreams Project Facilities (although the terms of the associated security documents have been amended for consistency with the 2011 Credit Facilities) except for securities related to MPEL (Delaware) LLC, which have been released.
The 2011 Credit Facilities also contain affirmative and negative covenants customary for financings of this type, with an additional covenant that the 2011 Borrowing Group must not enter into any contracts for the construction or financing of an additional hotel tower in connection with the development of City of Dreams except in accordance with plans approved by the lenders in accordance with the terms of the 2011 Credit Facilities. The 2011 Credit Facilities remove the financial covenants under the City of Dreams Project Facility, and replace them with, without limitation, a leverage ratio, total leverage ratio and interest cover ratio. The first test date of the financial covenants is September 30, 2011.
There are provisions that limit or prohibit certain payments of dividends and other distributions by the 2011 Borrowing Group to the Company or persons who are not members of the 2011 Borrowing Group. As of June 30, 2011, the net assets of the 2011 Borrowing Group of approximately $1,645,000 was restricted from being distributed under the terms of the 2011 Credit Facilities.
Borrowings under the 2011 Credit Facilities bear interest at Hong Kong Interbank Offered Rate (HIBOR) plus a margin ranging from 1.75% to 2.75% per annum as adjusted in accordance with the leverage ratio in
H-13
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
8. | LONG-TERM DEBT - continued |
2011 Credit Facilities - continued
respect of the 2011 Borrowing Group. The Borrower is obligated to pay a commitment fee quarterly in arrears from June 30, 2011 on the undrawn amount of the 2011 Revolving Credit Facility throughout the availability period.
The Group accounted for the amendment of the City of Dreams Project Facility as an extinguishment of debt because the applicable future cash flows under the 2011 Credit Facilities are more than 10% different from the applicable future cash flows under the City of Dreams Project Facility as of the amendment date, June 30, 2011. The Group wrote off the unamortized deferred financing costs of $25,193 upon the extinguishment of the City of Dreams Project Facility as loss on extinguishment of debt in the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and the 2011 Credit Facilities was recognized at fair value upon the extinguishment. In addition, the Group capitalized the underwriting fee and related issuance costs in relation to the 2011 Credit Facilities of $27,642 as deferred financing costs.
As of June 30, 2011, the 2011 Term Loan Facility has been fully drawn down and HK$1,653,154,570 (equivalent to $212,488) under the 2011 Revolving Credit Facility has also been drawn down, resulting in total outstanding borrowings relating to the 2011 Credit Facilities of HK$7,894,594,570 (equivalent to $1,014,729).
Senior Notes
On May 17, 2010, MCE Finance Limited (MCE Finance) issued and listed the Senior Notes on the Official List of the Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited (SGX-ST). The purchase price paid by the initial purchasers was 98.671% of the principal amount. The net proceeds from the offering after deducting the original issue discount of approximately $7,974 and underwriting commissions and other expenses of approximately $14,960 was approximately $577,066. The Group capitalized the underwriting fee and related issuance costs in relation to the Senior Notes of $14,585 as deferred financing costs.
RMB Bonds
On May 9, 2011, the Company issued and listed the RMB Bonds of RMB2,300,000,000 (equivalent to $353,278 based on exchange rate on transaction date) on the SGX-ST. The RMB Bonds were priced at par. The RMB Bonds are direct, general, unconditional, unsubordinated and unsecured obligations of the Company, which will at all times rank equally without any preference or priority among themselves and at least equally with all of the Companys other present and future unsecured and unsubordinated obligations, save for such obligations as may be preferred by provisions of law that are both mandatory and of general application. The RMB Bonds mature on May 9, 2013 and the interest on the RMB Bonds is accrued at a rate of 3.75% per annum and is payable semi-annually in arrears on November 9 and May 9 of each year, commencing on November 9, 2011.
At any time after May 9, 2012, the Company may redeem in whole, but not in part, the RMB Bonds at the principal amount, together with accrued interest. The Company may also redeem the RMB Bonds in whole, but not in part, at the principal amount together with accrued interest in the event that: i) as a result of any change in the laws of the Cayman Islands or any political subdivision or any authority thereof or therein having power to tax, or any change in the application or official interpretation of such law or regulation after May 9, 2011, the Company satisfies the trustee that the Company has or will be required to pay additional
H-14
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
8. | LONG-TERM DEBT - continued |
RMB Bonds - continued
amounts in respect of the RMB Bonds and such obligation cannot be avoided by taking reasonable measures available to the Company; ii) if at any time the gaming authority of any jurisdiction in which the Company and its subsidiaries conducts or proposes to conduct gaming requires that a person who is a holder or beneficial owner of RMB Bonds be licensed, qualified or found suitable under applicable gaming laws and such holder or beneficial owner, as the case may be, fails to apply or becomes licensed or qualified within the required period or is found unsuitable; or iii) if immediately before giving such notice, at least 90% in principal amount of the RMB Bonds originally issued, including any further bonds issued prior to the time of the notice, has already been previously redeemed, or purchased and cancelled.
The indenture governing the RMB Bonds contains certain negative pledge and financial covenants, providing that the Company shall not create or permit to subsist any security interest upon the whole or any part of the Companys present or future undertaking, assets or revenues to secure any relevant indebtedness or guarantee of relevant indebtedness without: (i) at the same time or prior thereto securing the RMB Bonds equally and rateably therewith to the satisfaction of the trustee under the RMB Bonds; or (ii) providing such other security for the RMB Bonds as the trustee may in its absolute discretion consider to be not materially less beneficial to the interests of the holders of the RMB Bonds or as may be approved by an extraordinary resolution of bondholders. In addition, the Company is also required to comply with certain financial covenants, including maintaining a specified consolidated tangible net worth and maximum leverage ratio.
The Company capitalized the underwriting fee and related issuance costs in relation to the RMB Bonds of $6,044 as deferred financing costs.
Deposit-Linked Loan
On May 20, 2011, the Company entered into the Deposit-Linked Loan with a lender in an amount of HK$2,748,500,000 (equivalent to $353,278 based on exchange rate on transaction date), which was secured by a deposit in an amount of RMB2,300,000,000 (equivalent to $353,278 based on exchange rate on transaction date) from the proceeds of the RMB Bonds as described in the preceding paragraph. The Deposit-Linked Loan matures on May 20, 2013 or, if earlier, at any time with 30 days prior notice given to the lender, the Company may prepay the whole or any part of not less than HK$500,000,000 (equivalent to $64,267) of the Deposit-Linked Loan outstanding. The Deposit-Linked Loan bears interest at a rate of 2.88% per annum and is payable semi-annually in arrears on May 8 and November 8 of each year, commencing on November 8, 2011. On the same date, the Company entered into two RMB forward exchange rate contracts in an aggregate amount of RMB52,325,000 (approximately $8,000) for future settlement of RMB Bonds interest payable on November 9, 2011 at a rate of RMB1:HK$1.2096 and May 9, 2012 at a rate of RMB1:HK$1.2187. As of June 30, 2011, the fair value of the forward exchange rate contracts was insignificant.
The Company capitalized the underwriting fee and related issuance costs in relation to the Deposit-Linked Loan of $800 as deferred financing costs. As of June 30, 2011, the RMB Bonds proceeds held as a security deposit of RMB2,300,000,000 (equivalent to $355,938), required to be set aside for the duration of this debt were recorded as non-current restricted cash in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet of the Group.
H-15
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
8. | LONG-TERM DEBT - continued |
Total interest on long-term debt consisted of the following:
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Interest for City of Dreams Project Facility |
$ | 13,269 | $ | 21,369 | ||||
Interest for Senior Notes |
30,750 | 7,688 | ||||||
Amortization of discount in connection with issuance of Senior Notes |
353 | 82 | ||||||
Interest for RMB Bonds |
1,852 | | ||||||
Interest for Deposit-Linked Loan |
1,143 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 47,367 | $ | 29,139 | |||||
Interest capitalized |
| (8,192 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 47,367 | $ | 20,947 | |||||
|
|
|
|
During the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, the Groups average borrowing rates were approximately 5.83% and 6.11% per annum, respectively.
Scheduled maturities of the Groups long-term debt as of June 30, 2011 are as follows:
June 30, 2011 |
||||
Six months ending December 31, 2011 |
$ | | ||
Year ending December 31, 2012 |
| |||
Year ending December 31, 2013 |
837,575 | |||
Year ending December 31, 2014 |
256,717 | |||
Year ending December 31, 2015 |
256,717 | |||
Over 2015 |
965,732 | |||
|
|
|||
$ | 2,316,741 | |||
|
|
H-16
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
9. | FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS |
The carrying values of the Groups financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, other current assets, amounts due from (to) affiliated companies and shareholders, accounts payable and other current liabilities approximate their fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The carrying values of City of Dreams Project Facility, 2011 Credit Facilities, Deposit-Linked Loan, loans from shareholders and land use right payable approximate their fair values. The estimated fair value, based on quoted market price, of the Senior Notes and RMB Bonds were approximately $681,438 and $353,048, respectively, as of June 30, 2011. As of June 30, 2011, the Group did not have any non-financial assets or liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. The Groups financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value have been categorized based upon the fair value in accordance with the accounting standards. The following fair value hierarchy table presents information about the Groups financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2011:
Quoted Prices In Active Market for Identical Assets (Level 1) |
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |
Total Fair Value |
|||||||||||||
June 30, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swap liabilities |
$ | | $ | 4,310 | $ | | $ | 4,310 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Forward exchange rate contracts |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Authoritative literature provides a fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The level in the hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement as follows:
| Level 1 - inputs are based upon unadjusted quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets. |
| Level 2 - inputs are based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. |
| Level 3 - inputs are generally unobservable and typically reflect managements estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The fair values are therefore determined using model-based techniques that include option pricing models, discounted cash flow models, and similar techniques. |
The fair value of these interest rate swap agreements and forward exchange rate contracts approximates the amounts the Group would pay if these contracts were settled at the respective valuation dates. Fair value is estimated based on a standard valuation model that projects future cash flows and discounts those future cash flows to a present value using market-based observable inputs such as interest rate yields and market forward exchange rates. Since significant observable inputs are used in the valuation model, the interest rate swap arrangements and the forward exchange rate arrangements are considered a Level 2 item in the fair value hierarchy.
H-17
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
10. | CAPITAL STRUCTURE |
In connection with the Companys restricted shares granted as disclosed in Note 12, 310,575 and 199,160 ordinary shares were vested and issued during the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
The Company issued 931,746 and 931,746 ordinary shares to its depository bank for issuance to employees upon their future vesting of restricted shares and exercise of share options during the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. 79,788 and 43,737 of these ordinary shares have been issued to employees upon vesting of restricted shares and 3,439,650 and nil of these ordinary shares have been issued to employees upon exercise of share options during the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The balance of 5,821,494 ordinary shares continue to be held by the Company for future issuance as of June 30, 2011.
As of June 30, 2011, the Company had 1,601,078,938 ordinary shares issued and outstanding.
Pursuant to the extraordinary general meeting of the Company held on October 6, 2011, an increase in the authorized share capital from 2,500,000,000 ordinary shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.01 each to 7,300,000,000 ordinary shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.01 each was approved.
11. | INCOME TAX EXPENSE (CREDIT) |
The Company and certain subsidiaries are exempt from tax in the Cayman Islands or British Virgin Islands, where they are incorporated, however, the Company is subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax on profits from its activities conducted in Hong Kong. Certain subsidiaries incorporated or conducting businesses in Hong Kong, Macau, the United States of America and other jurisdictions are subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax, Macau Complementary Tax, income tax in the United States of America and in other jurisdictions, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010.
Pursuant to the approval notices issued by Macau Government dated June 7, 2007, Melco Crown Gaming has been exempted from Macau Complementary Tax for income generated from gaming operations for five years commencing from 2007 to 2011 and will continue to benefit from this exemption for another five years from 2012 to 2016 pursuant to the approval notices issued by Macau Government in April 2011.
During the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, Melco Crown Gaming reported net income and had the Group been required to pay such taxes, the Groups consolidated net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2010 would have been increased by $4,983, and basic and diluted loss per share would have reported additional loss of $0.0031 per share, and the Groups consolidated net income for the six months ended June 30, 2011 would have been decreased by $25,293, and basic and diluted income per share would have reported reduced income of $0.0158 and $0.0157 per share, respectively. Melco Crown Gamings non-gaming profits remain subject to the Macau Complementary Tax and its casino revenues remain subject to the Macau special gaming tax and other levies in accordance with its subconcession agreement.
The effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 were positive rates of 0.09% and 0.33%, respectively. Such rates differ from the statutory Macau Complementary Tax rate of 12% primarily due to the effect of change in valuation allowance for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, and the effect of tax holiday granted by the Macau Government as described in the preceding paragraphs during the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010.
An evaluation of the tax position for recognition was conducted by the Group by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. Uncertain tax benefits associated with the tax positions were measured based solely on the technical merits of being sustained on examinations.
H-18
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
11. | INCOME TAX EXPENSE (CREDIT) - continued |
The Group concluded that there was no significant uncertain tax position requiring recognition in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 and there is no material unrecognized tax benefit which would favorably affect the effective income tax rate in future periods. As of June 30, 2011, there was no interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions being recognized in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements. The Group does not anticipate any significant increases or decreases to its liability for unrecognized tax benefit within the next twelve months.
The income tax returns of the Company and its subsidiaries remain open and subject to examination by the tax authorities of Hong Kong, Macau, the United States of America and other jurisdictions until the statute of limitations expire in each corresponding jurisdiction. The statute of limitations in Macau, Hong Kong and the United States of America are 5 years, 6 years and 3 years, respectively.
12. | SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION |
The Group has adopted a share incentive plan in 2006, to attract and retain the best available personnel for positions of substantial responsibility, to provide additional incentives to employees, Directors and consultants and to promote the success of its business. Under the share incentive plan, the Group may grant either options to purchase the Companys ordinary shares or restricted shares (Note: The restricted shares, as named in respective grant documents are accounted for as nonvested shares).
The maximum aggregate number of shares which may be issued pursuant to all awards (including shares issuable upon exercise of options) is 100,000,000 over 10 years, with a maximum of 50,000,000 over the first five years, which the Board of Directors of the Company has approved the removal of the maximum limit of 50,000,000 over the first five years and the shareholders of the Company approved this removal at the general meeting held in May 2009. As of June 30, 2011, 56,036,178 shares out of 100,000,000 shares remain available for the grant of share options or restricted shares.
The Group granted ordinary share options to certain personnel during the six months ended June 30, 2011 with the exercise price determined at the closing price on the date of grant. These ordinary share options became exercisable over a vesting period of three years. The ordinary share options granted expire 10 years after the date of grant.
The Group has also granted restricted shares to certain personnel during the six months ended June 30, 2011. These restricted shares have a vesting period of three years. The grant date fair value is determined with reference to the market closing price at date of grant.
H-19
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
12. | SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION - continued |
Share Options
A summary of share options activity under the share incentive plan as of June 30, 2011, and changes during the six months ended June 30, 2011 are presented below:
Number of Share Options |
Weighted- Average Exercise Price per Share |
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
|||||||||||||
Outstanding at January 1, 2011 |
20,453,493 | $ | 1.22 | |||||||||||||
Granted |
5,150,946 | $ | 2.52 | |||||||||||||
Exercised |
(3,439,650 | ) | $ | 1.03 | ||||||||||||
Forfeited |
(505,365 | ) | $ | 1.26 | ||||||||||||
Expired |
(39,492 | ) | $ | 5.06 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Outstanding at June 30, 2011 |
21,619,932 | $ | 1.55 | 8.03 | $ | 58,726 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Exercisable at June 30, 2011 |
6,229,069 | $ | 1.31 | 7.37 | $ | 18,489 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A summary of share options vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2011 are presented below:
Vested | ||||||||||||||||
Number of Share Options |
Weighted- Average Exercise Price per Share |
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
|||||||||||||
Range of exercise prices per share |
||||||||||||||||
($1.01 - $5.06) (Note) |
6,229,069 | $ | 1.31 | 7.37 | $ | 18,489 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note: |
1,757,900 share options vested and 39,492 vested share options expired during the six months ended June 30, 2011. |
Expected to Vest | ||||||||||||||||
Number of Share Options |
Weighted- Average Exercise Price per Share |
Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
|||||||||||||
Range of exercise prices per share |
||||||||||||||||
($1.01 - $5.06) |
15,390,863 | $ | 1.65 | 8.30 | $ | 40,237 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The weighted-average fair value of share options granted (excludes options granted in the share option exchange program) during the six months ended June 30, 2011 were $1.67. 3,439,650 share options were exercised and proceeds amounted to $3,543 were recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2011. The total intrinsic value of share options exercised for the six months ended June 30, 2011 were $11,099.
As of June 30, 2011, there was $12,572 unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested share options and the costs were expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.41 years.
H-20
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
12. | SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION - continued |
Restricted Shares
A summary of the status of the share incentive plans restricted shares as of June 30, 2011, and changes during the six months ended June 30, 2011 are presented below:
Number of Restricted Shares |
Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value |
|||||||
Unvested at January 1, 2011 |
2,649,059 | $ | 1.31 | |||||
Granted |
2,908,383 | 2.52 | ||||||
Vested |
(390,363 | ) | 1.08 | |||||
Forfeited |
(203,163 | ) | 1.75 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Unvested at June 30, 2011 |
4,963,916 | $ | 2.02 | |||||
|
|
|
|
The total fair values at date of grant of the restricted shares vested during the six months ended June 30, 2011 were $420.
As of June 30, 2011, there was $8,028 of unrecognized compensation costs related to restricted shares and the costs were expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.52 years.
The impact of share options and restricted shares for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 recognized in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements were as follows:
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Share options |
$ | 2,557 | $ | 1,914 | ||||
Restricted shares |
1,299 | 589 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total share-based compensation expenses |
$ | 3,856 | $ | 2,503 | ||||
|
|
|
|
13. | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES |
(a) | Capital Commitments |
As of June 30, 2011, the Group had capital commitments contracted for but not provided mainly for the construction and acquisition of property and equipment for City of Dreams totaling $9,132.
(b) | Lease Commitments and Other Arrangements |
Operating Leases - As a lessee
The Group leases office space, Mocha Clubs sites and staff quarters under non-cancellable operating lease agreements that expire at various dates through December 2021. Those lease agreements provide for periodic rental increases based on both contractual agreed incremental rates and on the general inflation rate once agreed by the Group and its lessor. During the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, the Group incurred rental expenses amounting to $8,167 and $7,504, respectively.
H-21
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
13. | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - continued |
(b) | Lease Commitments and Other Arrangements - continued |
Operating Leases - As a lessee - continued
As of June 30, 2011, minimum lease payments under all non-cancellable leases were as follows:
Six months ending December 31, 2011 |
$ | 6,974 | ||
Year ending December 31, 2012 |
8,745 | |||
Year ending December 31, 2013 |
6,122 | |||
Year ending December 31, 2014 |
4,075 | |||
Year ending December 31, 2015 |
2,779 | |||
Over 2015 |
7,103 | |||
|
|
|||
$ | 35,798 | |||
|
|
As grantor of operating and right to use arrangement
The Group entered into non-cancellable operating and right to use agreements for mall spaces in the City of Dreams site with various retailers that expire at various dates through July 2016. Certain of the operating and right to use agreements include minimum base fee and operating fee with escalated contingent fee clauses. During the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, the Group received contingent fees amounting to $7,963 and $6,063, respectively.
As of June 30, 2011, minimum future fees to be received under all non-cancellable operating and right to use agreements were as follows:
Six months ending December 31, 2011 |
$ | 5,733 | ||
Year ending December 31, 2012 |
11,295 | |||
Year ending December 31, 2013 |
10,604 | |||
Year ending December 31, 2014 |
9,835 | |||
Year ending December 31, 2015 |
5,568 | |||
Over 2015 |
1,581 | |||
|
|
|||
$ | 44,616 | |||
|
|
The total minimum future fees do not include the escalated contingent fee clauses.
(c) | Other Commitments |
On September 8, 2006, the Macau Government granted a gaming subconcession to Melco Crown Gaming to operate the gaming business in Macau. Pursuant to the gaming subconcession agreement, Melco Crown Gaming has committed to the following:
i) | To pay the Macau Government a fixed annual premium of $3,744 (MOP30,000,000). |
ii) | To pay the Macau Government a variable premium depending on the number and type of gaming tables and gaming machines that the Group operates. The variable premium is calculated as follows: |
| $37 (MOP300,000) per year for each gaming table (subject to a minimum of 100 tables) reserved exclusively for certain kind of games or to certain players; |
H-22
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
13. | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - continued |
(c) | Other Commitments - continued |
| $19 (MOP150,000) per year for each gaming table (subject to a minimum of 100 tables) not reserved exclusively for certain kind of games or to certain players; and |
| $0.1 (MOP1,000) per year for each electrical or mechanical gaming machine, including the slot machine. |
iii) | To pay the Macau Government a sum of 1.6% of the gross revenues of the gaming business operations on a monthly basis, that will be made available to a public foundation for the promotion, development and study of social, cultural, economic, educational, scientific, academic and charity activities, to be determined by the Macau Government. |
iv) | To pay the Macau Government a sum of 2.4% of the gross revenues of the gaming business operations on a monthly basis, which will be used for urban development, tourist promotion and the social security of Macau. |
v) | To pay special gaming tax to the Macau Government of an amount equal to 35% of the gross revenues of the gaming business operations on a monthly basis. |
vi) | Melco Crown Gaming must maintain two bank guarantees issued by a specific bank with the Macau Government as the beneficiary in a maximum amount of $62,395 (MOP500,000,000) from September 8, 2006 to September 8, 2011 and a maximum amount of $37,437 (MOP300,000,000) from September 8, 2011 until the 180th day after the termination date of the gaming subconcession. A sum of 1.75% of the guarantee amount will be payable by Melco Crown Gaming quarterly to such bank. |
As of June 30, 2011, the Group had other commitments contracted for but not provided in respect of shuttle buses and limousines services mainly for the operations of Altira Macau and City of Dreams totaling $2,476. Expenses for the shuttle buses and limousines services during the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 amounted to $6,339 and $6,409, respectively.
As of June 30, 2011, the Group had other commitments contracted for but not provided in respect of cleaning, maintenance, consulting, marketing and other services mainly for the operations of Mocha Clubs, Altira Macau and City of Dreams totaling $9,913. Expenses for such services during the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 amounted to $9,809 and $6,536, respectively.
As of June 30, 2011, the Group had other commitments contracted for but not provided in respect of trademark and memorabilia license fees for the operations of City of Dreams hotels and casino totaling $7,132. Expenses for the trademark and memorabilia license fees during the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 amounted to $862 and $769, respectively.
As of June 30, 2011, the Group had other commitments contracted for but not provided in respect of fees for the operation of an entertainment show in City of Dreams, which commenced performance in September 2010, totaling $24,917. Fees for the operation of the entertainment show during the six months ended June 30, 2011 amounted to $4,044.
(d) | Contingencies |
As of June 30, 2011, Melco Crown Gaming has issued a promissory note (livranca) of $68,635 (MOP550,000,000) to a bank in respect of bank guarantees issued to the Macau Government as disclosed in Note 13(c)(vi).
H-23
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
13. | COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - continued |
(d) | Contingencies - continued |
As of June 30, 2011, the Group has entered into two deeds of guarantee with third parties amounted to $10,000 to guarantee certain payment obligations of the City of Dreams operations.
(e) | Litigation |
As of June 30, 2011, the Company is currently a party to certain legal proceedings which relate to matters arising out of the ordinary course of its business. Management does not believe that the outcome of such proceedings will have a material adverse effect on the Groups financial position or results of operations.
14. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
During the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, the Group entered into the following significant related party transactions:
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||||
Related companies |
Nature of transactions |
Continuing | Discontinued (6) | Continuing | Discontinued (6) | |||||||||||||
Transactions with affiliated companies |
||||||||||||||||||
Crowns subsidiary |
Consultancy fee recognized as |
$ | 257 | $ | | $ | (37 | ) | $ | | ||||||||
Management fees expense |
| | | 2 | ||||||||||||||
Office rental expense | | | | 3 | ||||||||||||||
Service fee expense (3) | | | | (24 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other service fee income (3) |
22 | | 12 | (16 | ) | |||||||||||||
Rooms and food and beverage income |
| | 3 | | ||||||||||||||
Lisboa Holdings Limited (1) |
Office rental expense | 746 | | 553 | | |||||||||||||
Melcos subsidiaries and its associated companies |
Advertising and promotional expenses |
|
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |||||
Consultancy fee recognized as expense |
227 | | 199 | 103 | ||||||||||||||
Management fees expense |
7 | | 7 | | ||||||||||||||
Office rental expense | 266 | | 267 | | ||||||||||||||
Operating and office supplies expenses |
2 | | | 105 |
H-24
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
14. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS - continued |
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||||
Related companies |
Nature of transactions |
Continuing | Discontinued (6) | Continuing | Discontinued (6) | |||||||||||||
Transactions with affiliated companies-continued |
|
|||||||||||||||||
Melcos subsidiaries and its associated companies |
Purchase of property and equipment |
|
171 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,206 |
| |||||
Repairs and maintenance expenses |
| | | 236 | ||||||||||||||
Service fee expense (4) | 261 | | 264 | 8 | ||||||||||||||
Other service fee income |
145 | | 103 | | ||||||||||||||
Rooms and food and beverage income |
18 | | 4 | 8 | ||||||||||||||
Shun Tak Holdings Limited and its subsidiaries (referred to as Shun Tak Group) (1) |
Office rental expense | 62 | | 95 | | |||||||||||||
Operating and office supplies expenses |
10 | | 9 | | ||||||||||||||
Purchase of property and equipment |
| 6 | | | ||||||||||||||
Traveling expense recognized as |
1,243 | | 1,500 | | ||||||||||||||
Rooms and food and beverage income |
160 | | | | ||||||||||||||
Sky Shuttle Helicopters Limited (1) |
Traveling expense recognized as expense |
|
993 |
|
|
|
|
|
654 |
|
|
|
| |||||
Sociedade de Jogos de Macau S.A. |
Office rental expense | | | | 79 | |||||||||||||
Traveling expense capitalized in construction in progress (5) |
1 | | | | ||||||||||||||
Traveling expense recognized as |
313 | | | |
H-25
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
14. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS - continued |
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||||
Related companies |
Nature of transactions |
Continuing | Discontinued (6) | Continuing | Discontinued (6) | |||||||||||||
Transactions with affiliated companies-continued |
|
|||||||||||||||||
Sociedade de Turismo e Diversões de Macau, S.A. (STDM) and its subsidiaries (together with STDM referred to as STDM Group) (1) |
Advertising and promotional expenses |
39 | | 39 | | |||||||||||||
Office rental expense | 130 | | 130 | | ||||||||||||||
Traveling expense capitalized in construction in progress (5) |
| | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||||
Traveling expense recognized as |
80 | 17 | 89 | 298 | ||||||||||||||
Transactions with shareholders |
||||||||||||||||||
Crown |
Interest charges recognized as expense |
| 50 | | 31 | |||||||||||||
Other service fee income |
4 | | | | ||||||||||||||
Rooms and food and beverage income |
39 | | | | ||||||||||||||
Melco |
Interest charges recognized as expense |
| 89 | | 57 | |||||||||||||
Other service fee income |
| | 23 | | ||||||||||||||
Rooms and food and beverage income |
$ | 15 | $ | | $ | 26 | $ | | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes: |
(1) | Companies in which a relative/relatives of Mr. Lawrence Ho has/have beneficial interests. |
(2) | The negative amount including reversal of over-accrual of consultancy fee during the period. |
(3) | The negative amounts including reversal of over-accrual of related expenses/income during the period. |
(4) | The amounts mainly represents the Groups reimbursement to Melcos subsidiary for service fees incurred on its behalf for rental, office administration, travel and security coverage for the operation of the office of the Companys Chief Executive Officer. |
(5) | Traveling expenses including ferry and hotel accommodation services within Hong Kong and Macau. |
(6) | In the opinion of Directors, the above transactions will be discontinued upon listing of the shares of the Company on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited. |
H-26
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
14. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS - continued |
(a) | Amounts Due From Affiliated Companies |
The outstanding balances arising from operating income received or prepayment of operating expenses by the Group as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 are as follows:
June 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
Crowns subsidiary |
$ | 27 | $ | | ||||
Melcos subsidiaries and its associated companies |
1,690 | 1,464 | ||||||
Shun Tak Group |
232 | 64 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 1,949 | $ | 1,528 | |||||
|
|
|
|
The outstanding balances due from affiliated companies to the Group as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 are unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
(b) | Amounts Due To Affiliated Companies |
The outstanding balances arising from operating expenses as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 are as follows:
June 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
Crowns subsidiary |
$ | | $ | 99 | ||||
Melcos subsidiaries and its associated companies |
310 | 134 | ||||||
Shun Tak Group |
298 | 276 | ||||||
SJM |
139 | | ||||||
STDM Group |
1 | 164 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 748 | $ | 673 | |||||
|
|
|
|
The outstanding balances due to affiliated companies by the Group as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 are unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
(c) | Amounts Due To/Loans From Shareholders |
Melco and Crown provided loans to the Group mainly used for working capital purposes, for the acquisition of the Altira Macau and the City of Dreams sites and for construction of Altira Macau and City of Dreams.
The outstanding loan balances due to Melco as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 amounted to HK$578,577,752 (approximately $74,367) are unsecured and interest bearing at 3-month HIBOR per annum. As of June 30, 2011, the loan balance due to Melco is repayable in May 2013, according to the extension agreements entered into during the period.
The amounts of $18 and $23 due to Melco by the Group as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, mainly related to interest payable on the outstanding loan balances, are unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
H-27
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
14. | RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS - continued |
(c) | Amounts Due To/Loans From Shareholders - continued |
The outstanding loan balances due to Crown as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 amounted to HK$321,157,031 (approximately $41,280) are unsecured and interest bearing at 3-months HIBOR per annum. As of June 30, 2011, the loan balance due to Crown is repayable in May 2013, according to the extension agreements entered into during the period.
The amounts of $14 and $13 due to Crown by the Group as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, related to interest payable on the outstanding loan balances, are unsecured, non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
The shareholders loans were converted into shares according to the loan capitalization agreement dated November 18, 2011, based on a conversion price, which is the one-third of volume weighted average price of the Companys ADS over the period of the five NASDAQ trading days immediately preceding November 29, 2011, as each ADS represents three ordinary shares.
15. | SEGMENT INFORMATION |
The Group is principally engaged in the gaming and hospitality business. The chief operating decision maker monitors its operations and evaluates earnings by reviewing the assets and operations of Mocha Clubs, Altira Macau and City of Dreams. Taipa Square Casino is included within Corporate and Others. All revenues were generated in Macau.
Total Assets
June 30, 2011 |
December 31, 2010 |
|||||||
Mocha Clubs |
$ | 160,763 | $ | 145,173 | ||||
Altira Macau |
672,007 | 571,504 | ||||||
City of Dreams |
3,063,087 | 3,202,692 | ||||||
Corporate and Others |
1,659,154 | 965,071 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total consolidated assets |
$ | 5,555,011 | $ | 4,884,440 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Capital Expenditures | ||||||||
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
Mocha Clubs |
$ | | $ | 1,645 | ||||
Altira Macau |
3,462 | 480 | ||||||
City of Dreams |
12,296 | 61,528 | ||||||
Corporate and Others |
67 | 741 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total capital expenditures |
$ | 15,825 | $ | 64,394 | ||||
|
|
|
|
For the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010, there was no single customer that contributed more than 10% of the total revenues.
H-28
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
15. | SEGMENT INFORMATION - continued |
The Groups segment information on its results of operations for the following periods is as follows:
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||
NET REVENUES |
||||||||
Mocha Clubs |
$ | 66,142 | $ | 53,638 | ||||
Altira Macau |
576,952 | 427,846 | ||||||
City of Dreams |
1,108,276 | 645,644 | ||||||
Corporate and Others |
15,172 | 14,117 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total net revenues |
$ | 1,766,542 | $ | 1,141,245 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
ADJUSTED PROPERTY EBITDA (1) |
||||||||
Mocha Clubs |
$ | 21,389 | $ | 13,616 | ||||
Altira Macau |
114,132 | 58,501 | ||||||
City of Dreams |
237,352 | 113,807 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total adjusted property EBITDA |
372,873 | 185,924 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES |
||||||||
Pre-opening costs |
(1,285 | ) | (6,982 | ) | ||||
Development costs |
(1,110 | ) | | |||||
Amortization of gaming subconcession |
(28,619 | ) | (28,619 | ) | ||||
Amortization of land use rights |
(9,763 | ) | (9,760 | ) | ||||
Depreciation and amortization |
(128,136 | ) | (113,733 | ) | ||||
Share-based compensation |
(3,856 | ) | (2,503 | ) | ||||
Property charges and others |
(1,025 | ) | 34 | |||||
Corporate and others expenses |
(35,277 | ) | (25,595 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total operating costs and expenses |
(209,071 | ) | (187,158 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) |
163,802 | (1,234 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
NON-OPERATING EXPENSES |
||||||||
Interest income |
864 | 160 | ||||||
Interest expenses, net of capitalized interest |
(54,860 | ) | (36,926 | ) | ||||
Reclassification of accumulated losses of interest rate swap agreements from accumulated other comprehensive losses |
(4,310 | ) | | |||||
Amortization of deferred financing costs |
(8,220 | ) | (6,944 | ) | ||||
Loan commitment fees |
(461 | ) | 4,324 | |||||
Foreign exchange gain, net |
191 | 17 | ||||||
Other income, net |
2,064 | 1,041 | ||||||
Costs associated with debt modification |
| (3,156 | ) | |||||
Loss on extinguishment of debt |
(25,193 | ) | | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total non-operating expenses |
(89,925 | ) | (41,484 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAX |
73,877 | (42,718 | ) | |||||
INCOME TAX (EXPENSE) CREDIT |
(69 | ) | 143 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
NET INCOME (LOSS) |
$ | 73,808 | $ | (42,575 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
Note:
(1) | Adjusted property EBITDA is earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, pre-opening costs, development costs, share-based compensation, property charges and others, corporate and other expenses and other non-operating income and expenses. The chief operating decision maker used Adjusted property EBITDA to measure the operating performance of Mocha Clubs, Altira Macau and City of Dreams and to compare the operating performance of its properties with those of its competitors. |
H-29
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
16. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
In May 2010, MCE Finance (Issuer), a subsidiary of the Company (the Parent), issued the Senior Notes as disclosed in Note 8.
The Issuer and all subsidiary guarantors except Melco Crown Gaming are 100% directly or indirectly owned by the Parent guarantor. Certain Macau laws require companies limited by shares (sociedade anónima) incorporated in Macau to have a minimum of three shareholders, and all gaming concessionaires and subconcessionaires to be managed by a Macau permanent resident, the managing director, who must hold at least 10% of the share capital of the concessionaire or subconcessionaire. In accordance with such Macau laws, approximately 90% of the share capital of Melco Crown Gaming is indirectly owned by the Parent. While the Company complies with the Macau laws, Melco Crown Gaming is considered an indirectly 100% owned subsidiary of the Parent for purposes of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Parent because the economic interest of the 10% holding of the managing director is limited to, in aggregate with other class A shareholders, MOP 1 on the winding up or liquidation of Melco Crown Gaming and to receive an aggregate annual dividend of MOP 1. The City of Dreams Project Facility and the gaming subconcession agreement significantly restrict the Parents, the Issuers and the subsidiary guarantors ability to obtain funds from each other guarantor subsidiary in the form of a dividend or loan.
Condensed consolidating financial statements for the Parent, Issuer, guarantor subsidiaries and non-guarantor subsidiaries as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, and for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 are presented in the following tables. Information has been presented such that investments in subsidiaries, if any, are accounted for under the equity method and the principal elimination entries eliminate the investments in subsidiaries and intercompany balances and transactions. Additionally, the guarantor and non-guarantor subsidiaries are presented on a combined basis.
H-30
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
16. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION - continued |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEETS
June 30, 2011
Parent | Issuer | Guarantor Subsidiaries (1) |
Non- guarantor Subsidiaries |
Elimination | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
CURRENT ASSETS |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 349,493 | $ | | $ | 635,073 | $ | 42,285 | $ | | $ | 1,026,851 | ||||||||||||
Restricted cash |
| | 12,499 | | | 12,499 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
| | 241,413 | | | 241,413 | ||||||||||||||||||
Amounts due from affiliated companies |
1,542 | | 382 | 47 | (22 | ) | 1,949 | |||||||||||||||||
Intercompany receivables |
81,018 | 7,932 | 44,167 | 165,703 | (298,820 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Amount due from a shareholder |
| | 7 | | (7 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Inventories |
| | 14,192 | | | 14,192 | ||||||||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
3,331 | | 14,990 | 2,552 | | 20,873 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total current assets |
435,384 | 7,932 | 962,723 | 210,587 | (298,849 | ) | 1,317,777 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET |
| | 2,551,956 | 10,940 | | 2,562,896 | ||||||||||||||||||
GAMING SUBCONCESSION, NET |
| | 628,123 | | | 628,123 | ||||||||||||||||||
INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET |
| | 4,220 | | | 4,220 | ||||||||||||||||||
GOODWILL |
| | 81,915 | | | 81,915 | ||||||||||||||||||
INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES |
2,827,966 | 2,347,939 | 4,058,120 | 6,301 | (9,240,326 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
LONG-TERM PREPAYMENT, DEPOSITS AND OTHER ASSETS |
373 | | 73,399 | 518 | | 74,290 | ||||||||||||||||||
RESTRICTED CASH |
355,938 | | | | | 355,938 | ||||||||||||||||||
DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS |
6,273 | 12,545 | 27,642 | | | 46,460 | ||||||||||||||||||
DEPOSIT FOR ACQUISITION OF SUBSIDIARES |
| | | 65,000 | | 65,000 | ||||||||||||||||||
LAND USE RIGHTS, NET |
| | 418,392 | | | 418,392 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
TOTAL |
$ | 3,625,934 | $ | 2,368,416 | $ | 8,806,490 | $ | 293,346 | $ | (9,539,175 | ) | $ | 5,555,011 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | | $ | | $ | 9,676 | $ | | $ | | $ | 9,676 | ||||||||||||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
4,677 | 8,088 | 435,465 | 9,639 | | 457,869 | ||||||||||||||||||
Income tax payable |
23 | | | 1,254 | | 1,277 | ||||||||||||||||||
Intercompany payables |
181,498 | 27 | 92,460 | 24,835 | (298,820 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Amounts due to affiliated companies |
7 | | 690 | 73 | (22 | ) | 748 | |||||||||||||||||
Amounts due to shareholders |
39 | | | | (7 | ) | 32 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
186,244 | 8,115 | 538,291 | 35,801 | (298,849 | ) | 469,602 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
LONG-TERM DEBT |
709,216 | 592,796 | 1,014,729 | | | 2,316,741 | ||||||||||||||||||
OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES |
| | 4,496 | 14 | | 4,510 | ||||||||||||||||||
DEFERRED TAX LIABILITIES |
| | 17,241 | 84 | | 17,325 | ||||||||||||||||||
ADVANCE FROM ULTIMATE HOLDING COMPANY |
| | 985,568 | 76,254 | (1,061,822 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
LOAN FROM INTERMEDIATE HOLDING COMPANY |
| | 579,596 | | (579,596 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
LOANS FROM SHAREHOLDERS |
115,647 | | | | | 115,647 | ||||||||||||||||||
LAND USE RIGHT PAYABLE |
| | 16,359 | | | 16,359 | ||||||||||||||||||
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total shareholders equity |
2,614,827 | 1,767,505 | 5,650,210 | 181,193 | (7,598,908 | ) | 2,614,827 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
TOTAL |
$ | 3,625,934 | $ | 2,368,416 | $ | 8,806,490 | $ | 293,346 | $ | (9,539,175 | ) | $ | 5,555,011 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H-31
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
16. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION - continued |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEETS
December 31, 2010
Parent | Issuer | Guarantor Subsidiaries (1) |
Non- guarantor Subsidiaries |
Elimination | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
CURRENT ASSETS |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 3,198 | $ | | $ | 410,767 | $ | 27,958 | $ | | $ | 441,923 | ||||||||||||
Restricted cash |
| | 167,286 | | | 167,286 | ||||||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
| | 259,521 | | | 259,521 | ||||||||||||||||||
Amounts due from affiliated companies |
1,351 | | 167 | 60 | (50 | ) | 1,528 | |||||||||||||||||
Intercompany receivables |
77,682 | 8,099 | 32,198 | 174,481 | (292,460 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Amount due from a shareholder |
| | 1 | | (1 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Income tax receivable |
198 | | | | | 198 | ||||||||||||||||||
Inventories |
| | 14,990 | | | 14,990 | ||||||||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
4,722 | 9 | 9,048 | 1,247 | | 15,026 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total current assets |
87,151 | 8,108 | 893,978 | 203,746 | (292,511 | ) | 900,472 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET |
| | 2,660,069 | 11,826 | | 2,671,895 | ||||||||||||||||||
GAMING SUBCONCESSION, NET |
| | 656,742 | | | 656,742 | ||||||||||||||||||
INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET |
| | 4,220 | | | 4,220 | ||||||||||||||||||
GOODWILL |
| | 81,915 | | | 81,915 | ||||||||||||||||||
INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES |
2,734,880 | 2,254,958 | 4,058,120 | 6,301 | (9,054,259 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
LONG-TERM PREPAYMENT, DEPOSITS AND OTHER ASSETS |
641 | | 94,470 | 518 | | 95,629 | ||||||||||||||||||
DEFERRED TAX ASSETS |
| | | 25 | | 25 | ||||||||||||||||||
DEFERRED FINANCING COSTS |
| 13,452 | 31,935 | | | 45,387 | ||||||||||||||||||
LAND USE RIGHTS, NET |
| | 428,155 | | | 428,155 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
TOTAL |
$ | 2,822,672 | $ | 2,276,518 | $ | 8,909,604 | $ | 222,416 | $ | (9,346,770 | ) | $ | 4,884,440 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
CURRENT LIABILITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | | $ | | $ | 8,880 | $ | | $ | | $ | 8,880 | ||||||||||||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
1,889 | 8,270 | 441,642 | 10,283 | | 462,084 | ||||||||||||||||||
Income tax payable |
| | | 934 | | 934 | ||||||||||||||||||
Current portion of long-term debt |
| | 202,997 | | | 202,997 | ||||||||||||||||||
Intercompany payables |
181,771 | 19 | 93,329 | 17,341 | (292,460 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Amounts due to affiliated companies |
137 | | 510 | 76 | (50 | ) | 673 | |||||||||||||||||
Amounts due to shareholders |
37 | | | | (1 | ) | 36 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
183,834 | 8,289 | 747,358 | 28,634 | (292,511 | ) | 675,604 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
LONG-TERM DEBT |
| 592,443 | 928,808 | | | 1,521,251 | ||||||||||||||||||
OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES |
| | 6,476 | 20 | | 6,496 | ||||||||||||||||||
DEFERRED TAX LIABILITIES |
| | 17,818 | 192 | | 18,010 | ||||||||||||||||||
ADVANCE FROM ULTIMATE HOLDING COMPANY |
| | 1,047,648 | 11,254 | (1,058,902 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
LOAN FROM INTERMEDIATE HOLDING COMPANY |
| | 578,617 | | (578,617 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
LOANS FROM SHAREHOLDERS |
115,647 | | | | | 115,647 | ||||||||||||||||||
LAND USE RIGHT PAYABLE |
| | 24,241 | | | 24,241 | ||||||||||||||||||
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total shareholders equity |
2,523,191 | 1,675,786 | 5,558,638 | 182,316 | (7,416,740 | ) | 2,523,191 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
TOTAL |
$ | 2,822,672 | $ | 2,276,518 | $ | 8,909,604 | $ | 222,416 | $ | (9,346,770 | ) | $ | 4,884,440 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H-32
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
16. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION - continued |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the six months ended June 30, 2011
Parent | Issuer | Guarantor Subsidiaries (1) |
Non- guarantor Subsidiaries |
Elimination | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
OPERATING REVENUES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Casino |
$ | | $ | | $ | 1,692,361 | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,692,361 | ||||||||||||
Rooms |
| | 50,551 | | (1,228 | ) | 49,323 | |||||||||||||||||
Food and beverage |
| | 32,108 | | (2,779 | ) | 29,329 | |||||||||||||||||
Entertainment, retail and others |
| | 48,249 | 22 | (7,092 | ) | 41,179 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Gross revenues |
| | 1,823,269 | 22 | (11,099 | ) | 1,812,192 | |||||||||||||||||
Less: promotional allowances |
| | (45,650 | ) | | | (45,650 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net revenues |
| | 1,777,619 | 22 | (11,099 | ) | 1,766,542 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Casino |
| | (1,275,217 | ) | | 1,454 | (1,273,763 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Rooms |
| | (9,241 | ) | | 217 | (9,024 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Food and beverage |
| | (16,789 | ) | | 246 | (16,543 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Entertainment, retail and others |
| | (35,908 | ) | | 6,750 | (29,158 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
(10,163 | ) | (165 | ) | (104,275 | ) | (31,551 | ) | 41,840 | (104,314 | ) | |||||||||||||
Pre-opening costs |
| | (1,289 | ) | | 4 | (1,285 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Development costs |
| | | (1,110 | ) | | (1,110 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Amortization of gaming subconcession |
| | (28,619 | ) | | | (28,619 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Amortization of land use rights |
| | (9,763 | ) | | | (9,763 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| | (127,231 | ) | (905 | ) | | (128,136 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Property charges and others |
(1,000 | ) | | (25 | ) | | | (1,025 | ) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total operating costs and expenses |
(11,163 | ) | (165 | ) | (1,608,357 | ) | (33,566 | ) | 50,511 | (1,602,740 | ) | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
OPERATING (LOSS) INCOME |
(11,163 | ) | (165 | ) | 169,262 | (33,544 | ) | 39,412 | 163,802 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
NON-OPERATING INCOME (EXPENSES) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest (expenses) income, net |
(2,360 | ) | 627 | (52,278 | ) | 15 | | (53,996 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Reclassification of accumulated losses of interest rate swap agreements from accumulated other comprehensive losses |
| | (4,310 | ) | | | (4,310 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Other finance costs |
(571 | ) | (907 | ) | (7,203 | ) | | | (8,681 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange (loss) gain, net |
(22 | ) | (3 | ) | 296 | (80 | ) | | 191 | |||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
8,533 | 165 | | 32,778 | (39,412 | ) | 2,064 | |||||||||||||||||
Loss on extinguishment of debt |
| | (25,193 | ) | | | (25,193 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Share of results of subsidiaries |
79,741 | 81,581 | | | (161,322 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total non-operating income (expenses) |
85,321 | 81,463 | (88,688 | ) | 32,713 | (200,734 | ) | (89,925 | ) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAX |
74,158 | 81,298 | 80,574 | (831 | ) | (161,322 | ) | 73,877 | ||||||||||||||||
INCOME TAX (EXPENSES) CREDIT |
(350 | ) | | 577 | (296 | ) | | (69 | ) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
NET INCOME (LOSS) |
$ | 73,808 | $ | 81,298 | $ | 81,151 | $ | (1,127 | ) | $ | (161,322 | ) | $ | 73,808 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H-33
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
16. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION - continued |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the six months ended June 30, 2010
Parent | Issuer | Guarantor Subsidiaries (1) |
Non- guarantor Subsidiaries |
Elimination | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
OPERATING REVENUES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Casino |
$ | | $ | | $ | 1,104,839 | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,104,839 | ||||||||||||
Rooms |
| | 40,425 | | (1,090 | ) | 39,335 | |||||||||||||||||
Food and beverage |
| | 28,628 | | (1,222 | ) | 27,406 | |||||||||||||||||
Entertainment, retail and others |
| | 10,589 | 173 | (1 | ) | 10,761 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Gross revenues |
| | 1,184,481 | 173 | (2,313 | ) | 1,182,341 | |||||||||||||||||
Less: promotional allowances |
| | (41,096 | ) | | | (41,096 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net revenues |
| | 1,143,385 | 173 | (2,313 | ) | 1,141,245 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Casino |
| | (865,841 | ) | | 11 | (865,830 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Rooms |
| | (6,986 | ) | | 219 | (6,767 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Food and beverage |
| | (15,472 | ) | | 142 | (15,330 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Entertainment, retail and others |
| | (4,145 | ) | | 2 | (4,143 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
(6,402 | ) | (3 | ) | (93,065 | ) | (21,077 | ) | 29,198 | (91,349 | ) | |||||||||||||
Pre-opening costs |
| | (6,987 | ) | | 5 | (6,982 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Amortization of gaming subconcession |
| | (28,619 | ) | | | (28,619 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Amortization of land use rights |
| | (9,760 | ) | | | (9,760 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
| | (112,779 | ) | (954 | ) | | (113,733 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Property charges and others |
| | 34 | | | 34 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total operating costs and expenses |
(6,402 | ) | (3 | ) | (1,143,620 | ) | (22,031 | ) | 29,577 | (1,142,479 | ) | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
OPERATING LOSS |
(6,402 | ) | (3 | ) | (235 | ) | (21,858 | ) | 27,264 | (1,234 | ) | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
NON-OPERATING (EXPENSES) INCOME |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest (expenses) income, net |
(83 | ) | 143 | (36,833 | ) | 7 | | (36,766 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Other finance costs |
| (221 | ) | (2,399 | ) | | | (2,620 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Foreign exchange gain (loss), net |
5 | (176 | ) | 383 | (195 | ) | | 17 | ||||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
5,232 | 25 | 635 | 22,413 | (27,264 | ) | 1,041 | |||||||||||||||||
Costs associated with debt modification |
| | (3,156 | ) | | | (3,156 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Share of results of subsidiaries |
(41,122 | ) | (40,825 | ) | | | 81,947 | | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Total non-operating (expenses) income |
(35,968 | ) | (41,054 | ) | (41,370 | ) | 22,225 | 54,683 | (41,484 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX |
(42,370 | ) | (41,057 | ) | (41,605 | ) | 367 | 81,947 | (42,718 | ) | ||||||||||||||
INCOME TAX (EXPENSES) CREDIT |
(205 | ) | | 511 | (163 | ) | | 143 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
NET (LOSS) INCOME |
$ | (42,575 | ) | $ | (41,057 | ) | $ | (41,094 | ) | $ | 204 | $ | 81,947 | $ | (42,575 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H-34
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
16. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION - continued |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the six months ended June 30, 2011
Parent | Issuer | Guarantor Subsidiaries (1) |
Non- guarantor Subsidiaries |
Elimination | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
$ | 1,795 | $ | 166 | $ | 307,942 | $ | 10,917 | $ | | $ | 320,820 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Advances to subsidiaries |
(2,918 | ) | | | | 2,918 | | |||||||||||||||||
Amounts due from subsidiaries |
(3,336 | ) | | | | 3,336 | | |||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of property and equipment |
| | (22,835 | ) | (29 | ) | | (22,864 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Deposits for acquisition of property and equipment |
| | (1,893 | ) | | | (1,893 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Deposit for acquisition of subsidiaries |
| | | (65,000 | ) | | (65,000 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Changes in restricted cash |
(353,278 | ) | | 154,787 | | | (198,491 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Payment for land use right |
| | (7,582 | ) | | | (7,582 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment |
| | 113 | | | 113 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities |
(359,532 | ) | | 122,590 | (65,029 | ) | 6,254 | (295,717 | ) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Payment of deferred financing costs |
(6,723 | ) | (166 | ) | (27,139 | ) | | | (34,028 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Advance from ultimate holding company |
| | (62,080 | ) | 64,998 | (2,918 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||
Amount due to ultimate holding company |
| | 69 | 3,267 | (3,336 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from exercise of share options |
4,199 | | | | | 4,199 | ||||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from long-term debt |
706,556 | | | | | 706,556 | ||||||||||||||||||
Principal payments on long-term debt |
| | (117,076 | ) | | | (117,076 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
704,032 | (166 | ) | (206,226 | ) | 68,265 | (6,254 | ) | 559,651 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
EFFECT OF FOREIGN EXCHANGE ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
| | | 174 | | 174 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
346,295 | | 224,306 | 14,327 | | 584,928 | ||||||||||||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD |
3,198 | | 410,767 | 27,958 | | 441,923 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD |
$ | 349,493 | $ | | $ | 635,073 | $ | 42,285 | $ | | $ | 1,026,851 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H-35
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
16. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING FINANCIAL INFORMATION - continued |
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the six months ended June 30, 2010
Parent | Issuer | Guarantor Subsidiaries (1) |
Non- guarantor Subsidiaries |
Elimination | Consolidated | |||||||||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
$ | 11,789 | $ | (1,553 | ) | $ | 54,737 | $ | 8,366 | $ | | $ | 73,339 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Advances to subsidiaries |
(22,734 | ) | (577,796 | ) | | | 600,530 | | ||||||||||||||||
Amounts due from subsidiaries |
(10,230 | ) | | | | 10,230 | | |||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of property and equipment |
| | (118,261 | ) | (592 | ) | | (118,853 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Deposits for acquisition of property and equipment |
| | (835 | ) | | | (835 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Payment of entertainment production costs |
| | (17,157 | ) | | | (17,157 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Changes in restricted cash |
| | 38,811 | 3,024 | | 41,835 | ||||||||||||||||||
Payment for land use right |
| | (22,462 | ) | | | (22,462 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment |
| | 1 | | | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities |
(32,964 | ) | (577,796 | ) | (119,903 | ) | 2,432 | 610,760 | (117,471 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Payment of deferred financing costs |
| (12,676 | ) | (8,518 | ) | | | (21,194 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Advance from ultimate holding company |
| | 22,734 | | (22,734 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Amount due to ultimate holding company |
| (1 | ) | 121 | 10,110 | (10,230 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||
Loan from intermediate holding company |
| | 577,796 | | (577,796 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from long-term debt |
| 592,026 | | | | 592,026 | ||||||||||||||||||
Principal payments on long-term debt |
| | (444,066 | ) | | | (444,066 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
| 579,349 | 148,067 | 10,110 | (610,760 | ) | 126,766 | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
(21,175 | ) | | 82,901 | 20,908 | | 82,634 | |||||||||||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD |
34,358 | | 177,057 | 1,183 | | 212,598 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD |
$ | 13,183 | $ | | $ | 259,958 | $ | 22,091 | $ | | $ | 295,232 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note |
(1) | The Guarantor subsidiaries column includes financial information of Melco Crown Gaming which is not 100% owned by the Parent. |
H-36
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
(In thousands of U.S. dollars, except share and per share data or otherwise indicated)
17. | SUBSEQUENT EVENTS |
(a) | On July 27, 2011, the Group completed the acquisition of 60% equity interest in Cyber One Group at which time the Group acquired the assets and liabilities of the Studio City Project. Cyber One Group did not have any operation and revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2011. The Group principally acquired a parcel of land and related construction in progress through the acquisition of Cyber One Group and this transaction was accounted for as acquisition of assets and liabilities. Details of net assets of Cyber One Group acquired are summarized below: |
Net assets acquired: |
||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 35,818 | ||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
72 | |||
Deposits |
432 | |||
Land use right, net |
546,570 | |||
Construction in progress |
139,201 | |||
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |
(10,939 | ) | ||
Land use right payable |
(47,020 | ) | ||
Deferred tax liabilities |
(54,985 | ) | ||
Noncontrolling interests |
(237,309 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Net assets |
$ | 371,840 | ||
|
|
|||
Total consideration satisfied by: |
||||
Cash paid |
$ | 310,000 | ||
Payables for acquisition of assets and liabilities |
45,964 | |||
|
|
|||
355,964 | ||||
Agency fee paid for acquisition of assets and liabilities |
15,876 | |||
|
|
|||
$ | 371,840 | |||
|
|
(b) | As disclosed in Note 14, the shareholders loans were converted into shares according to respective loan capitalization agreement. |
******
H-37
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
ITEM 8. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS.
Cayman Islands law does not limit the extent to which a companys articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the Cayman Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association permit indemnification of officers and directors for losses, damages, costs and expenses incurred in their capacities as such unless such losses or damages arise from dishonesty, fraud or default of such directors or officers. This standard of conduct is generally the same as permitted under the Delaware General Corporation Law to a Delaware corporation. In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and senior executive officers that provide such persons with additional indemnification beyond that provided in our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers or persons controlling us under the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable as a matter of United States law.
ITEM 9. EXHIBITS.
Exhibit |
Description of Exhibit | |
1.1 |
Form of Underwriting Agreement | |
3.1 |
Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Registrant | |
4.1 |
Specimen American Depositary Receipt of the Registrant (included in Exhibit 4.3) | |
4.2** |
Specimen Stock Certificate of the Registrant | |
4.3*** |
Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement among the Registrant, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas and the Holders and Beneficial Owners of American Depositary Shares evidenced by American Depositary Receipts issued thereunder | |
5.1 |
Opinion of Walkers regarding the validity of the ordinary shares | |
8.1 |
Opinion of Walkers regarding certain Cayman Islands tax matters (included in Exhibit 5.1) | |
8.2 |
Opinion of Shearman & Sterling regarding certain U.S. tax matters | |
8.3 |
Opinion of Manuela António Lawyers and Notaries regarding certain Macau tax matters | |
23.1 |
Consent of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu | |
23.2 |
Consent of Walkers (included in Exhibit 5.1) | |
23.3 |
Consent of Shearman & Sterling (included in Exhibit 8.2) | |
23.4 |
Consent of Manuela António Lawyers and Notaries (included in Exhibit 8.3) | |
24.1 |
Powers of Attorney (included as part of signature page) |
| To be filed if necessary, by amendment or as an exhibit to be incorporated by reference in the prospectus forming part of this registration statement. |
II-1
** | Previously filed with the Registrants registration statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-139088), filed with the SEC on December 1, 2006 |
*** | Previously filed with the Registrants registration statement on Form F-6 (File No. 333-139159), filed with the SEC on November 29, 2011 |
ITEM 10. UNDERTAKINGS
(a) | The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes: |
(1) | To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement: |
(i) | To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933; |
(ii) | To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the Calculation of Registration Fee table in the effective registration statement. |
(iii) | To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement; |
provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii) and (a)(1)(iii) of this section do not apply if the registration statement is on Form S-3 or Form F-3 and the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the SEC by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.
(2) | That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
(3) | To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering. |
(4) | To file a post-effective amendment to the registration statement to include any financial statements required by Item 8.A. of Form 20-F at the start of any delayed offering or throughout a continuous offering. Financial statements and information otherwise required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Act need not be furnished, provided that the Registrant includes in the prospectus, by means of a post-effective amendment, financial statements required pursuant to this paragraph (a)(4) and other information necessary to ensure that all other information in the prospectus is at least as current as the date of those financial statements. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to registration statements on Form F-3, a post-effective amendment need not be filed to include financial statements and information required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Act or Rule 3-19 of Regulation S-K if such financial statements and information are contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the SEC by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the Form F-3. |
II-2
(5) | That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser: |
(i) | Each prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and |
(ii) | Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date. |
(6) | That, for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities: |
The undersigned Registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned Registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:
(i) | Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424; |
(ii) | Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned Registrant; |
(iii) | The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant; and |
(iv) | Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser. |
(b) | The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the Registrants annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
(h) | Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any |
II-3
action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue. |
(i) | The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that: |
(1) | For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective. |
(2) | For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Hong Kong, on November 29, 2011.
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED | ||||
By: |
/s/ Lawrence Yau Lung Ho | |||
Name: | Lawrence Yau Lung Ho | |||
Title: | Co-Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director |
II-4
Powers of Attorney
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENT, that each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Leanne Palmer and Geoffrey Davis, and each of them, as his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for such person and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign, execute and deliver with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (i) any and all amendments, including post-effective amendments, and supplements to this registration statement on Form F-3, (ii) any registration statement relating to this offering that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (iii) any exhibits to any such registration statement, amendments, supplements or (iv) any and all applications and other documents in connection with any such registration statement amendments, or supplements, and generally to do all things and perform any and all acts and things whatsoever requisite and necessary or desirable to enable Melco Crown Entertainment Limited to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and all requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities set forth below on November 29, 2011.
EXECUTED AS A DEED for and on behalf of MELCO CROWN ENTERATINMENT LIMITED by:
Signature |
Title(s) | |||
/s/ Lawrence Yau Lung Ho Name: Lawrence Yau Lung Ho |
Co-Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director (principal executive officer) | |||
/s/ James Douglas Packer Name: James Douglas Packer |
Co-Chairman and non-executive Director | |||
/s/ Geoffrey Stuart Davis Name: Geoffrey Stuart Davis |
Chief Financial Officer (principal financial and accounting officer) | |||
/s/ John Peter Ben Wang Name: John Peter Ben Wang |
Non-executive Director | |||
/s/ Yuk Man Chung Name: Yuk Man Chung |
Non-executive Director | |||
/s/ William Todd Nisbet Name: William Todd Nisbet |
Non-executive Director | |||
/s/ Rowen Bruce Craigie Name: Rowen Bruce Craigie |
Non-executive Director | |||
/s/ James Andrew Charles MacKenzie Name: James Andrew Charles MacKenzie |
Independent Non-executive Director | |||
/s/ Thomas Jefferson Wu Name: Thomas Jefferson Wu |
Independent Non-executive Director | |||
/s/ Yiu Wa Alec Tsui Name: Yiu Wa Alec Tsui |
Independent Non-executive Director | |||
/s/ Robert Wason Mactier Name: Robert Wason Mactier |
Independent Non-executive Director |
II-5
Signature of authorized representative in the United States
Under the Securities Act, the undersigned, the duly authorized representative in the United States of Melco Crown Entertainment Limited, has signed this registration statement in Newark, Delaware, on November 29, 2011.
Authorized U.S. Representative | ||||
By: |
/s/ Donald J. Puglisi | |||
Name: | Donald J. Puglisi | |||
Title: | Managing Director, Puglisi & Associates |
II-6
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit |
Description of Exhibit | |
1.1 | Form of Underwriting Agreement | |
3.1 | Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Registrant | |
4.1 | Specimen American Depositary Receipt of the Registrant (included in Exhibit 4.3) | |
4.2** | Specimen Stock Certificate of the Registrant | |
4.3*** | Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement among the Registrant, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas and the Holders and Beneficial Owners of American Depositary Shares evidenced by American Depositary Receipts issued thereunder | |
5.1 | Opinion of Walkers regarding the validity of the ordinary shares | |
8.1 | Opinion of Walkers regarding certain Cayman Islands tax matters (included in Exhibit 5.1) | |
8.2 | Opinion of Shearman & Sterling regarding certain U.S. tax matters | |
8.3 | Opinion of Manuela António Lawyers and Notaries regarding certain Macau tax matters | |
23.1 | Consent of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu | |
23.2 | Consent of Walkers (included in Exhibit 5.1) | |
23.3 | Consent of Shearman & Sterling (included in Exhibit 8.2) | |
23.4 | Consent of Manuela António Lawyers and Notaries (included in Exhibit 8.3) | |
24.1 | Powers of Attorney (included as part of signature page) |
| To be filed if necessary, by amendment or as an exhibit to be incorporated by reference in the prospectus forming part of this registration statement. |
** | Previously filed with the Registrants registration statement on Form F-1 (File No. 333-139088), filed with the SEC on December 1, 2006 |
*** | Previously filed with the Registrants registration statement on Form F-6 (File No. 333-139159), filed with the SEC on November 29, 2011 |
II-7
Exhibit 3.1
THE COMPANIES LAW (AS AMENDED)
COMPANY LIMITED BY SHARES
AMENDED AND RESTATED
MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION
OF
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
(ADOPTED BY SPECIAL RESOLUTION PASSED ON 6 OCTOBER 2011 AND EFFECTIVE CONDITIONALLY AND IMMEDIATELY UPON THE ADMISSION AND LISTING OF THE COMPANYS ORDINARY SHARES ON THE MAIN BOARD OF THE STOCK EXCHANGE OF HONG KONG LIMITED)
15th Floor, Alexandra House, 18 Chater Road, Central, Hong Kong
T 852 2284 4566 F 852 2284 4560 www.walkersglobal.com
REF: MP/M4237-H06094
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE A |
1 | |||
INTERPRETATION |
1 | |||
PRELIMINARY |
5 | |||
SHARE CAPITAL |
6 | |||
ISSUE OF SHARES |
6 | |||
SHARE RIGHTS |
7 | |||
VARIATION OF RIGHTS |
7 | |||
SHARE CERTIFICATES |
7 | |||
COMMISSION ON SALE OF SHARES |
8 | |||
FRACTIONAL SHARES |
8 | |||
LIEN |
9 | |||
CALLS ON SHARES |
9 | |||
FORFEITURE OF SHARES |
10 | |||
TRANSFER OF SHARES |
11 | |||
REGISTRATION OF EMPOWERING INSTRUMENTS |
12 | |||
TRANSMISSION OF SHARES |
12 | |||
UNTRACEABLE MEMBERS |
12 | |||
DOCUMENT DESTRUCTION |
13 | |||
ALTERATION OF CAPITAL |
14 | |||
REDEMPTION, PURCHASE AND SURRENDER OF OWN SHARES |
14 | |||
REGISTER OF MEMBERS |
15 | |||
CLOSING REGISTER OF MEMBERS OR FIXING RECORD DATE |
15 | |||
GENERAL MEETINGS |
16 | |||
NOTICE OF GENERAL MEETINGS |
17 | |||
PROCEEDINGS AT GENERAL MEETINGS |
18 | |||
VOTES OF MEMBERS |
19 | |||
PROXIES |
20 | |||
CORPORATIONS ACTING BY REPRESENTATIVES AT MEETINGS |
21 |
i
WRITTEN RESOLUTIONS OF MEMBERS |
21 | |||
DIRECTORS |
22 | |||
ALTERNATE DIRECTOR |
22 | |||
RETIREMENT OF DIRECTORS |
23 | |||
DIRECTORS FEES AND EXPENSES |
23 | |||
DIRECTORS INTERESTS |
24 | |||
POWERS AND DUTIES OF DIRECTORS |
26 | |||
BORROWING POWERS OF DIRECTORS |
28 | |||
THE SEAL |
28 | |||
DISQUALIFICATION OF DIRECTORS |
29 | |||
REGISTER OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS |
29 | |||
PROCEEDINGS OF DIRECTORS |
30 | |||
DIVIDENDS |
31 | |||
OFFICERS |
35 | |||
ACCOUNTS AND AUDIT |
35 | |||
CAPITALIZATION OF RESERVES |
36 | |||
SHARE PREMIUM ACCOUNT |
37 | |||
SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS RESERVE |
38 | |||
RESERVES |
39 | |||
NOTICES |
39 | |||
INFORMATION |
41 | |||
NON-RECOGNITION OF TRUSTS |
42 | |||
FINANCIAL YEAR |
42 | |||
WINDING UP |
42 | |||
AMENDMENT OF ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION |
43 | |||
UNSUITABLE PERSONS AND COMPULSORY REDEMPTION |
43 |
ii
THE COMPANIES LAW (AS AMENDED)
COMPANY LIMITED BY SHARES
AMENDED AND RESTATED
MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION
OF
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
(ADOPTED BY SPECIAL RESOLUTION PASSED ON 6 OCTOBER 2011 AND EFFECTIVE CONDITIONALLY AND IMMEDIATELY UPON THE ADMISSION AND LISTING OF THE COMPANYS ORDINARY SHARES ON THE MAIN BOARD OF THE STOCK EXCHANGE OF HONG KONG LIMITED)
1. | The name of the Company is Melco Crown Entertainment Limited. | |||||||||
2. | The registered office of the Company will be situated at the offices of Walkers Corporate Services Limited, Walker House, 87 Mary Street, George Town, Grand Cayman KY1-9005, Cayman Islands or at such other location as the Directors may from time to time determine. | |||||||||
3. | The objects for which the Company is established are unrestricted and the Company shall have full power and authority to carry out any object not prohibited by any law as provided by Section 7(4) of the Companies Law (as amended) (the Law). | |||||||||
4. | The Company shall have and be capable of exercising all the functions of a natural person of full capacity irrespective of any question of corporate benefit as provided by Section 27(2) of the Law. | |||||||||
5. | The Company will not trade in the Cayman Islands with any person, firm or corporation except in furtherance of the business of the Company carried on outside the Cayman Islands; provided that nothing in this section shall be construed as to prevent the Company effecting and concluding contracts in the Cayman Islands, and exercising in the Cayman Islands all of its powers necessary for the carrying on of its business outside the Cayman Islands. | |||||||||
6. | The liability of the shareholders of the Company is limited to the amount, if any, unpaid on the shares respectively held by them. | |||||||||
7. | The capital of the Company is US$73,000,000 divided into 7,300,000,000 shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.01 each provided always that subject to the provisions of the Law and the Articles of Association, the Company shall have power to redeem or purchase any of its shares and to sub-divide or consolidate the said shares or any of them and to issue all or any part of its capital whether original, redeemed, increased or reduced with or without any preference, priority, special privilege or other rights or subject to any postponement of rights or to any conditions or restrictions whatsoever and so that unless the conditions of issue shall otherwise expressly provide every issue of shares whether stated to be ordinary, preference or otherwise shall be subject to the powers on the part of the Company hereinbefore provided. | |||||||||
8. | The Company may exercise the power contained in Section 206 of the Law to deregister in the Cayman Islands and be registered by way of continuation in some other jurisdiction. |
1
THE COMPANIES LAW (AS AMENDED)
COMPANY LIMITED BY SHARES
AMENDED AND RESTATED
ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION
OF
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
(ADOPTED BY SPECIAL RESOLUTION PASSED ON 6 OCTOBER 2011 AND EFFECTIVE CONDITIONALLY AND IMMEDIATELY UPON THE ADMISSION AND LISTING OF THE COMPANYS ORDINARY SHARES ON THE MAIN BOARD OF THE STOCK EXCHANGE OF HONG KONG LIMITED)
TABLE A
The Regulations contained or incorporated in Table A in the First Schedule of the Law shall not apply to the Company and the following Articles shall comprise the Articles of Association of the Company:
INTERPRETATION
1. | In these Articles, the following defined terms will have the meanings ascribed to them, if not inconsistent with the subject or context: | |||||||||
ADS means an American Depositary Share, each representing 3 ordinary shares; | ||||||||||
Affiliate means a Person who, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with, a specified Person. For the purpose of Article 194, control, controlled by and under common control with means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through ownership of voting shares, by agreement, contract, agency or otherwise; | ||||||||||
Affiliated Companies means those partnerships, corporations, limited liability companies, trusts or other entities that are Affiliates of the Company, including, without limitation, subsidiaries, holding companies and intermediary companies (as those and similar terms are defined in the Gaming Laws of the applicable Gaming Jurisdictions) that are registered or licensed under applicable Gaming Laws; | ||||||||||
Articles means these articles of association of the Company, as amended or substituted from time to time; | ||||||||||
associate(s) has the meaning attributed to it in the Listing Rules; | App. 3 4(1) | |||||||||
Auditor means the auditor of the Company for the time being and may include any individual, partnership or other internationally recognized accounting firm; |
||||||||||
business day means any day on which the Stock Exchange is open for the business of dealing in securities; |
||||||||||
Branch Register means any branch Register of such category or categories of Members as the Company may from time to time determine; |
||||||||||
capital means the share capital from time to time of the Company; |
1
clear days means in relation to the period of a notice that period excluding the day when the notice is given or deemed to be given and the day for which it is given or on which it is to take effect; | ||||||||||
clearing house means a clearing house recognized by the laws of the jurisdiction in which the shares of the Company are listed or quoted on a stock exchange in such jurisdiction; | ||||||||||
Commission means Securities and Exchange Commission of the United States of America or any other federal agency for the time being administering the Securities Act; | ||||||||||
Company means Melco Crown Entertainment Limited; | ||||||||||
Companys Website means the website of the Company; | ||||||||||
Directors and Board of Directors means the Directors of the Company for the time being and includes the Independent Non-Executive Directors, or as the case may be, the Directors assembled as a Board or as a committee thereof; | ||||||||||
electronic shall have the meaning given to it in the Electronic Transactions Law (as amended) of the Cayman Islands; | ||||||||||
electronic communication means electronic posting to the Companys Website, transmission to any number, address or internet website or other electronic delivery methods as otherwise decided and approved by not less than two-thirds of the vote of the Board; | ||||||||||
Electronic Signature means an electronic symbol or process attached to or logically associated with an electronic communication and executed or adopted by a person with the intent to sign the electronic communication; | ||||||||||
Gaming Activities mean the conduct of gaming and gambling activities by the Company or its Subsidiaries, or the use of gaming devices, equipment and supplies in the operation of a casino or other enterprise by the Company or its Subsidiaries; | ||||||||||
Gaming Authority means any regulatory and licensing body or agency with authority over gaming including, but not limited to, the conduct of Gaming Activities; | ||||||||||
Gaming Jurisdiction means all jurisdictions, including their political subdivisions, in which Gaming Activities are lawfully conducted; | ||||||||||
Gaming Laws means all laws, statutes, ordinances and regulations pursuant to which any Gaming Authority possesses regulatory and licensing authority over Gaming Activities within any Gaming Jurisdiction, and all orders, decrees, rules and regulations promulgated by such Gaming Authority thereunder; | ||||||||||
Gaming Licenses means all licenses, permits, approvals, authorizations, registrations, findings of suitability, franchises, concessions, subconcessions and entitlements issued or authorized by a Gaming Authority necessary for or relating to the conduct of Gaming Activities; | ||||||||||
head office means such office of the Company as the Directors may from time to time determine to be the principal office of the Company; | ||||||||||
Independent Director means a Director who is an independent director as defined in the NASDAQ Rules as amended from time to time; | ||||||||||
Independent Non-Executive Directors means the Directors who are considered to be independent in accordance with the Listing Rules; | ||||||||||
Law means the Companies Law (as amended) of the Cayman Islands; |
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Listing Rules means the Rules Governing the Listing of Securities on the Stock Exchange, as amended from time to time; | ||||||||||
Memorandum of Association means the Memorandum of Association of the Company, as amended and restated from time to time; | ||||||||||
month means a calendar month; | ||||||||||
Nasdaq means The Nasdaq Stock Markets Global Select Market in the United States; | ||||||||||
Nasdaq Rules means the relevant code, rules and regulations, as amended, from time to time, applicable as a result of the original and continued quotation of any shares or ADSs on Nasdaq, including without limitation, the NASDAQ Stock Market Rules; | ||||||||||
Office means the registered office of the Company as required by the Law; | ||||||||||
Ordinary Resolution means a resolution: | ||||||||||
(a) | passed by a simple majority of such Members as, being entitled to do so, vote in person or, in the case of such Members being corporations, by their duly authorized representatives or, where proxies are allowed, by proxy at a general meeting of the Company of which notice has been duly given in accordance with these Articles and where a poll is taken regard shall be had in computing a majority to the number of votes to which each Member is entitled; or | |||||||||
(b) | approved in writing by all of the Members entitled to vote at a general meeting of the Company in one or more instruments each signed by one or more of the Members and the effective date of the resolution so adopted shall be the date on which the instrument, or the last of such instruments if more than one, is executed; | |||||||||
Own, Ownership or Control mean ownership of record, beneficial ownership or the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person or the disposition of shares, by agreement, contract, agency or other manner; | ||||||||||
paid up means paid up as to the par value in respect of the issue of any shares and includes credited as paid up; | ||||||||||
Person means an individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, trust or any other entity; | ||||||||||
Principal Register, where the Company has established one or more Branch Registers pursuant to the Law and these Articles, means the Register maintained by the Company pursuant to the Law and these Articles that is not designated by the Directors as a Branch Register; | ||||||||||
published in the newspapers means published as a paid advertisement in English in at least one English language newspaper and in Chinese in at least one Chinese language newspaper, being in each case a newspaper published daily and circulating generally in Hong Kong in accordance with the Listing Rules; | ||||||||||
Redemption Date means the date specified in the Redemption Notice as the date on which the shares Owned or Controlled by an Unsuitable Person or an Affiliate of an Unsuitable Person are to be redeemed by the Company; | ||||||||||
Redemption Notice means that notice of redemption given by the Company to an Unsuitable Person or an Affiliate of an Unsuitable Person pursuant to Article 194. Each Redemption Notice shall set forth (i) the Redemption Date, (ii) the number and type of shares to be redeemed, (iii) the Redemption Price and the manner of payment therefor, (iv) the place where any certificates, if any, for such shares shall be surrendered for payment, and (v) any other requirements of surrender of the certificates; |
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Redemption Price means the price to be paid by the Company for the shares to be redeemed pursuant to Article 194, which shall be that price (if any) required to be paid by the Gaming Authority making the finding of Unsuitability, or if such Gaming Authority does not require a certain price to be paid, that amount determined by the Board of Directors to be the fair value of the shares to be redeemed; provided, however, that the price per share represented by the Redemption Price shall in no event be in excess of the closing sales price per share on the Stock Exchange on the trading date immediately before the Redemption Notice is deemed given by the Company to the Unsuitable Person or an Affiliate of an Unsuitable Person. The Redemption Price shall be paid in cash, by promissory note, or both, as required by the applicable Gaming Authority and, if not so required, as the Board of Directors otherwise determines; | ||||||||||
Register means the register of members of the Company required to be kept pursuant to the Law and includes any Branch Register(s) established by the Company in accordance with the Law; | ||||||||||
Seal means the common seal of the Company (if adopted) including any facsimile thereof; | ||||||||||
Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933 of the United States of America, as amended, or any similar federal statute and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, all as the same shall be in effect at the time; | ||||||||||
share means a share in the capital of the Company. All references to shares herein shall be deemed to be shares of any or all classes as the context may require. For the avoidance of doubt in theses Articles the expression shares shall include a fraction of a share; | ||||||||||
Shareholder or Member means a person who is registered as the holder of shares in the Register and includes each subscriber to the Memorandum of Association pending entry in the Register of such subscriber; | ||||||||||
signed means a signature or representation of a signature affixed by mechanical means; | ||||||||||
Special Resolution means a special resolution passed in accordance with the Law, being a resolution: | App. 13B 1 | |||||||||
(a) |
where the Listing Rules apply, passed by a majority of not less than three-fourths of such Members as, being entitled to do so, vote in person or, in the case of such Members being corporations, by their respective duly authorized representatives or, where proxies are allowed, by proxy at a general meeting of the Company of which notice specifying the intention to propose the resolution as a Special Resolution has been duly given in accordance with these Articles and where a poll is taken regard shall be had in computing a majority to the number of votes to which each Member is entitled; |
|||||||||
(b) |
where the Listing Rules do not apply, passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of such Members as, being entitled to do so, vote in person or, in the case of such Members being corporations, by their respective duly authorized representatives or, where proxies are allowed, by proxy at a general meeting of the Company of which notice specifying the intention to propose the resolution as a Special Resolution has been duly given in accordance with these Articles and where a poll is taken regard shall be had in computing a majority to the number of votes to which each Member is entitled; or |
|||||||||
(c) |
approved in writing by all of the Members entitled to vote at a general meeting of the Company in one or more instruments each signed by one or more of the Members and the effective date of the Special Resolution so adopted shall be the date on which the instrument or the last of such instruments if more than one, is executed; |
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Stock Exchange means The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited; | ||||||||||
Subsidiary has the meaning attributed to it in the Listing Rules; | ||||||||||
Unsuitable Person means a Person who (i) is determined by a Gaming Authority to be Unsuitable to Own or Control any shares in the Company, whether directly or indirectly, or (ii) causes the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company to lose or to be threatened by a Gaming Authority with the loss of any Gaming License, or (iii) in the sole discretion of the Board of Directors of the Company, is deemed likely to jeopardize the Companys or any Subsidiary of the Companys application for, receipt of approval for, right to the use of, or entitlement to, any Gaming License, and Unsuitability and Unsuitable shall be construed accordingly; and | ||||||||||
year means a calendar year. | ||||||||||
2. | In these Articles, save where the context requires otherwise: | |||||||||
(a) | words importing the singular number shall include the plural number and vice versa; | |||||||||
(b) | words importing the masculine gender only shall include the feminine gender; | |||||||||
(c) | words importing persons only shall include companies or associations or bodies of persons, whether corporate or not; | |||||||||
(d) | the word may shall be construed as permissive and the word shall shall be construed as imperative; | |||||||||
(e) | expressions referring to writing shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be construed as including printing, lithography, photography and other modes of representing words or figures in a visible form, and including where the representation takes the form of electronic display, provided that both the mode of service of the relevant document or notice and the Members election comply with all applicable law, rules and regulations; | |||||||||
(f) | references to a document being executed include references to it being executed under hand or under seal or by electronic signature or by any other method and references to a notice or document include a notice or document recorded or stored in any digital, electronic, electrical, magnetic or other retrievable form or medium and information in visible form whether having physical substance or not; | |||||||||
(g) | reference to US$ is a reference to dollars of the United States of America; | |||||||||
(h) | references to a statutory enactment shall include reference to any amendment or re-enactment thereof for the time being in force; | |||||||||
3. | Subject to the last two preceding Articles, any words defined in the Law shall, if not inconsistent with the subject or context, bear the same meaning in these Articles. | |||||||||
PRELIMINARY | ||||||||||
4. | The Office shall be at such address in the Cayman Islands as the Directors may from time to time determine. The Company may in addition establish and maintain such other offices and places of business and agencies in such places as the Directors may from time to time determine. |
5
SHARE CAPITAL | ||||||||||
5. | The capital of the Company at the date on which these Articles come into effect is US$73,000,000 divided into 7,300,000,000 shares of a nominal or par value of US$0.01 each. | App. 3 9 | ||||||||
ISSUE OF SHARES | ||||||||||
6. | Subject to these Articles, the Law, any direction that may be given by the Company in general meeting and, where applicable, the Listing Rules and without prejudice to any special rights or restrictions for the time being attached to any shares or any class of shares, all shares for the time being unissued shall be under the control of the Directors who may: | |||||||||
(a) | designate, re-designate, offer, issue, allot and dispose of the same to such persons, in such manner, on such terms and having such rights and being subject to such restrictions as they may from time to time determine but so that no shares shall be issued at a discount; and | |||||||||
(b) | grant options with respect to such shares and issue warrants, convertible securities or securities of similar nature conferring the right upon the holders thereof to subscribe for any class of shares or securities in the capital of the Company on such terms as they may from time to time determine, | |||||||||
and, for such purposes, the Directors may reserve an appropriate number of shares for the time being unissued. | ||||||||||
7. | Neither the Company nor the Board of Directors shall be obliged, when making or granting any allotment of, offer of, option over or disposal of shares, to make, or make available, any such allotment, offer, option or shares to Members or others with registered addresses in any particular territory or territories being a territory or territories where, in the absence of a registration statement or other special formalities, this would or might, in the opinion of the Board of Directors, be unlawful or impracticable. Members affected as a result of the foregoing sentence shall not be, or be deemed to be, a separate class of Members for any purpose. | |||||||||
8. | No share shall be issued to bearer. | |||||||||
9. | Any financial assistance given by the Company in connection with a purchase made or to be made by any person of any shares or warrants in the Company shall only be made in accordance with the Law, applicable law, the Listing Rules and any relevant code, rules or regulations issued by the Stock Exchange or the Securities and Futures Commission of Hong Kong from time to time. | |||||||||
10. | Subject to the Law and these Articles, the Board of Directors may at any time after the allotment of shares but before any person has been entered in the Register as the holder, recognize a renunciation thereof by the allottee in favor of some other person and may accord to any allottee of a share a right to effect such renunciation upon and subject to such terms and conditions as the Board of Directors considers fit to impose. |
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SHARE RIGHTS | ||||||||||
11. | Subject to the provisions of the Law, the Memorandum of Association and these Articles, and to any special rights conferred on the holders of any shares or class of shares, any share in the Company may be issued with or have attached thereto such rights or restrictions whether in regard to dividend, voting, return of capital or otherwise as the Company may by Ordinary Resolution determine or, if there has not been any such determination or so far as the same shall not make specific provision, as the Board of Directors may determine, provided always that where the Company issues shares which do not carry voting rights, the words non-voting shall appear in the designation of such shares and where the equity capital includes shares with different voting rights, the designation of each class of shares, other than those with the most favorable voting rights, must include the words restricted voting or limited voting; | App. 3
App. 3 | ||||||||
VARIATION OF RIGHTS | ||||||||||
12. | Whenever the capital of the Company is divided into different classes the rights attached to any such class may, subject to any rights or restrictions for the time being attached to any class, only be varied or abrogated with the consent in writing of the holders of not less than two-thirds in nominal value of the issued shares of the relevant class, or with the sanction of a resolution passed at a separate meeting of the holders of the shares of such class by a majority of not less than two-thirds in nominal value of the votes cast at such a meeting. To every such separate meeting all the provisions of these Articles relating to general meetings of the Company or to the proceedings thereat shall, mutatis mutandis, apply, except that the necessary quorum shall be one or more persons at least holding or representing by proxy one-third in nominal or par value amount of the issued shares of the relevant class (but so that if at any adjourned meeting of such holders a quorum as above defined is not present, those Shareholders who are present shall form a quorum) and that, subject to any rights or restrictions for the time being attached to the shares of that class, every Shareholder of the class shall on a poll have one vote for each share of the class held by him. For the purposes of this Article the Directors may treat all the classes or any two or more classes as forming one class if they consider that all such classes would be affected in the same way by the proposals under consideration, but in any other case shall treat them as separate classes. |
App. 3
App.
13B | ||||||||
13. | The rights conferred upon the holders of the shares of any class issued with preferred or other rights shall not, subject to any rights or restrictions for the time being attached to the shares of that class, be deemed to be materially adversely varied or abrogated by, inter alia, the creation, allotment or issue of further shares ranking pari passu with or subsequent to them or the redemption or purchase of any shares of any class by the Company. | |||||||||
SHARE CERTIFICATES | ||||||||||
14. | Every share certificate shall be issued under the Seal or under the signature of a Director or officer of the Company which shall only be affixed with the authority of the Board of Directors and shall specify the number and class and distinguishing numbers (if any) of the shares to which it relates, and the amount paid up thereon and may otherwise be in such form as the Directors may from time to time determine. No certificate shall be issued representing shares of more than one class. The Board of Directors may by resolution determine, either generally or in any particular case or cases, that any signatures on any such certificates (or certificates in respect of other securities) need not be autographic but may be affixed to such certificates by some mechanical means or may be printed thereon. |
App. 2(1) | ||||||||
15. | Every share certificate of the Company shall bear legends required under the applicable laws, including the Securities Act. | |||||||||
16. | (1) | In the case of a share held jointly by several persons, the Company shall not be bound to issue more than one certificate therefore and delivery of a certificate to one of several joint holders shall be sufficient delivery to all such holders. |
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(2) |
Where a share stands in the names of two or more persons, the person first named in the Register shall as regards service of notices and, subject to the provisions of these Articles, all or any other matters connected with the Company, except the transfer of the shares, be deemed the sole holder thereof. | |||||||||
17. | Every person whose name is entered, upon an allotment of shares, as a Member in the Register shall be entitled, without payment, to receive one certificate for all such shares of any one class or several certificates each for one or more of such shares of such class upon payment for every certificate after the first of such reasonable out-of-pocket expenses as the Board of Directors from time to time determines. | |||||||||
18. | Share certificates shall be issued within the relevant time limit as prescribed by the Law or as the Stock Exchange may from time to time determine, whichever is the shorter, after allotment or, except in the case of a transfer which the Company is for the time being entitled to refuse to register and does not register, after lodgement of a transfer with the Company. | |||||||||
19. | (1) | Upon every transfer of shares the certificate (if any) held by the transferor shall be given up to be cancelled, and shall forthwith be cancelled accordingly, and if a certificate was issued in relation to the transferred shares, a new certificate shall be issued to the transferee in respect of the shares transferred to him at such fee as is provided in paragraph (2) of this Article. If any of the shares included in the certificate so given up shall be retained by the transferor a new certificate for the balance shall be issued to him at the aforesaid fee payable by the transferor to the Company in respect thereof. The Company shall retain any written instruments of transfer. | ||||||||
(2) | The fee referred to in paragraph (1) above shall be an amount not exceeding the relevant maximum amount as the Stock Exchange may from time to time determine provided that the Board of Directors may at any time determine a lower amount for such fee. | |||||||||
20. | If a share certificate shall be damaged or defaced or alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed a new certificate representing the same shares may be issued to the relevant Member upon request and on payment of such fee as the Stock Exchange may determine to be the maximum fee payable or such lesser sum as the Board of Directors may determine and, subject to compliance with such terms (if any) as to evidence and indemnity and to payment of the costs and reasonable out-of-pocket expenses of the Company in investigating such evidence and preparing such indemnity as the Board of Directors may think fit and, in case of damage or defacement, on delivery of the old certificate to the Company provided always that where share warrants have been issued, no new share warrant shall be issued to replace one that has been lost unless the Directors are satisfied beyond reasonable doubt that the original has been destroyed. |
App. 3 | ||||||||
COMMISSION ON SALE OF SHARES | ||||||||||
21. | The Company may in so far as may be permitted by law, pay a commission to any person in consideration of his subscribing or agreeing to subscribe whether absolutely or conditionally for any shares of the Company. Such commissions may be satisfied by the payment of cash or the lodgement of fully or partly paid-up shares or partly in one way and partly in the other. The Company may also on any issue of shares pay such brokerage as may be lawful. | |||||||||
FRACTIONAL SHARES | ||||||||||
22. | The Directors may issue fractions of a share of any class of shares, and, if so issued, a fraction of a share (calculated to three decimal points) shall be subject to and carry the corresponding fraction of liabilities (whether with respect to any unpaid amount thereon, contribution, calls or otherwise), limitations, preferences, privileges, qualifications, restrictions, rights (including, without limitation, voting and participation rights) and other attributes of a whole share of the same class of shares. |
8
LIEN | ||||||||||
23. | The Company shall have a first priority lien and charge on every partly paid share for all moneys (whether presently payable or not) called or payable at a fixed time in respect of that share, and the Company shall also have a first priority lien and charge on all partly paid shares standing registered in the name of a Member (whether held solely or jointly with another person) for all moneys presently payable by him or his estate to the Company, but the Directors may at any time declare any share to be wholly or in part exempt from the provisions of this Article. The Companys lien, if any, on a share shall extend to all distributions payable thereon. The Board of Directors may at any time, generally or in any particular case, waive any lien that has arisen or declare any share exempt in whole or in part, from the provisions of this Article. | App. 3 1(2) | ||||||||
24. | The Company may sell, in such manner as the Directors in their absolute discretion think fit, any shares on which the Company has a lien, but no sale shall be made unless an amount in respect of which the lien exists is presently payable nor until the expiration of 14 clear days after a notice in writing, stating and demanding payment of such part of the amount in respect of which the lien exists as is presently payable, has been given to the registered holder for the time being of the share, or the persons entitled thereto by reason of his death or bankruptcy. | |||||||||
25. | For giving effect to any such sale the Directors may authorize some person to transfer the shares sold to the purchaser thereof. The purchaser shall be registered as the holder of the shares comprised in any such transfer and he shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money, nor shall his title to the shares be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings in reference to the sale. | |||||||||
26. | The proceeds of the sale after deduction of expenses, fees and commission incurred by the Company shall be received by the Company and applied in payment of such part of the amount in respect of which the lien exists as is presently payable, and the residue shall (subject to a like lien for sums not presently payable as existed upon the shares prior to the sale) be paid to the person entitled to the shares at the date of the sale. | |||||||||
CALLS ON SHARES | ||||||||||
27. | Subject to these Articles and to the terms of allotment, the Directors may from time to time make calls upon the Members in respect of any moneys unpaid on their shares (whether on account of the nominal value for the shares or by way of premium), and each Member shall (subject to receiving at least 14 clear days notice specifying the time or times of payment) pay to the Company at the time or times so specified the amount called on such shares. A call may be extended, postponed or revoked in whole or in part as the Board of Directors determines but no Member shall be entitled to any such extension, postponement or revocation except as a matter of grace and favor. | |||||||||
28. | A person upon whom a call is made shall remain liable for calls made upon him notwithstanding the subsequent transfer of the shares in respect of which the call was made. The joint holders of a share shall be jointly and severally liable to pay calls in respect thereof. | |||||||||
29. | If a sum called in respect of a share is not paid on or before the day appointed for payment thereof, the person from whom the sum is due shall pay interest upon the sum at the rate of eight per cent. per annum from the day appointed for the payment thereof to the time of the actual payment, but the Directors shall be at liberty to waive payment of that interest wholly or in part. | |||||||||
30. | The provisions of these Articles as to the liability of joint holders and as to payment of interest shall apply in the case of non-payment of any sum which, by the terms of issue of a share, becomes payable at a fixed time, whether on account of the amount of the share, or by way of premium, as if the same had become payable by virtue of a call duly made and notified. |
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31. | The Directors may make arrangements on the issue of partly paid shares for a difference between the Members, or the particular shares, in the amount of calls to be paid and in the times of payment. | |||||||||
32. | The Directors may, if they think fit, receive from any Member willing to advance the same either in money or moneys worth all or any part of the moneys uncalled and unpaid or installments payable upon any shares held by him, and upon all or any of the moneys so advanced may (until the same would, but for such advance, become presently payable) pay interest at such rate (not exceeding without the sanction of an Ordinary Resolution, eight per cent. per annum) as may be agreed upon between the Member paying the sum in advance and the Directors. The Board of Directors may at any time repay the amount so advanced upon giving to such Member not less than one months notice of its intention in that behalf, unless before the expiration of such notice the amount so advanced shall have been called up on the shares in respect of which it was advanced. Such payment in advance shall not entitle the holder of such share or shares to participate in respect thereof in a dividend subsequently declared. | App. 3 3(1) | ||||||||
FORFEITURE OF SHARES | ||||||||||
33. | If a Member fails to pay any call or installment of a call in respect of partly paid shares on the day appointed for payment, the Directors may, at any time thereafter during such time as any part of such call or installment remains unpaid, serve a notice on him requiring payment of so much of the call or installment as is unpaid, together with any interest which may have accrued. | |||||||||
34. | The notice shall name a further day (not earlier than the expiration of 14 clear days from the date of the notice) on or before which the payment required by the notice is to be made, and shall state that in the event of non-payment at or before the time appointed the shares in respect of which the call was made will be liable to be forfeited. Such forfeiture will include all dividends and bonuses declared in respect of the forfeited shares and not actually paid before the date of forfeiture. | |||||||||
35. | If the requirements of any such notice as aforesaid are not complied with, any share in respect of which the notice has been given may at any time thereafter, before the payment required by notice has been made, be forfeited by a resolution of the Directors to that effect. | |||||||||
36. | A forfeited share may be sold or otherwise disposed of on such terms and in such manner as the Directors think fit, and at any time before a sale or disposition the forfeiture may be cancelled on such terms as the Directors think fit. | |||||||||
37. | A person whose shares have been forfeited shall cease to be a Member in respect of the forfeited shares, but shall, notwithstanding, remain liable to pay to the Company all moneys which at the date of forfeiture were payable by him to the Company in respect of the shares forfeited, but his liability shall cease if and when the Company receives payment in full of the amount unpaid on the shares forfeited. | |||||||||
38. | A statutory declaration in writing that the declarant is a Director, and that a share has been duly forfeited on a date stated in the declaration, shall be conclusive evidence of the facts in the declaration as against all persons claiming to be entitled to the share. | |||||||||
39. | The Company may receive the consideration, if any, given for a share on any sale or disposition thereof pursuant to the provisions of these Articles as to forfeiture and may execute a transfer of the share in favor of the person to whom the share is sold or disposed of and that person shall be registered as the holder of the share, and shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money, if any, nor shall his title to the shares be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings in reference to the disposition or sale. | |||||||||
40. | The provisions of these Articles as to forfeiture shall apply in the case of non-payment of any sum which by the terms of issue of a share becomes due and payable, whether on account of the amount of the share, or by way of premium, as if the same had been payable by virtue of a call duly made and notified. |
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TRANSFER OF SHARES | ||||||||||
41. | Transfers of shares may be effected by an instrument of transfer in the usual common form or in such other form as the Directors may approve, which is consistent with the standard form of transfer as approved by the Directors or prescribed by the Stock Exchange (as appropriate). All instruments of transfer must be left at the Office of the Company or at such other place as the Directors may appoint and subject to Article 53 all such instruments of transfer shall be retained by the Company. | |||||||||
42. | The instrument of transfer shall be executed by or on behalf of the transferor and by or on behalf of the transferee provided that the Directors may dispense with the execution of the instrument of transfer by the transferee in any case which they think fit in their discretion to do so. The instrument of transfer of any share shall be in writing and shall be executed with a manual signature or facsimile signature (which may be machine imprinted or otherwise) by or on behalf of the transferor and transferee provided that in the case of execution by facsimile signature by or on behalf of a transferor or transferee, the Directors shall have previously been provided with a list of specimen signatures of the authorized signatories of such transferor or transferee and the Directors shall be reasonably satisfied that such facsimile signature corresponds to one of those specimen signatures. The transferor shall be deemed to remain the holder of a share until the name of the transferee is entered in the Register in respect thereof. | |||||||||
43. | The Directors may, in their absolute discretion, and without assigning any reason, refuse to register a transfer of any share which is not fully paid up or on which the Company has a lien. | App. 3 1(2) | ||||||||
44. | If the Directors shall refuse to register a transfer of any share, it shall, within two months after the date on which the transfer was lodged with the Company, send to each of the transferor and the transferee notice of such refusal. | |||||||||
45. | The Directors may also decline to register any transfer of any shares unless (as is applicable): | |||||||||
(a) | the instrument of transfer is lodged with the Company accompanied by the certificate for the shares to which it relates (which shall upon registration of the transfer be cancelled) and such other evidence as the Directors may reasonably require to show the right of the transferor to make the transfer; | |||||||||
(b) | the instrument of transfer is in respect of only one class of shares; | |||||||||
(c) | the instrument of transfer is properly stamped (in circumstances where stamping is required); | |||||||||
(d) | in the case of a transfer to joint holders, the number of joint holders to which the share is to be transferred does not exceed four; | App. 3 1(3) | ||||||||
(e) | the shares concerned are free of any lien in favor of the Company; and | |||||||||
(f) | a fee of such maximum as the Stock Exchange may from time to time determine to be payable (or such lesser sum as the Directors may from time to time require) is paid to the Company in respect thereof. | App. 3 1(1) | ||||||||
46. | No transfer shall be made to an infant or to a person in respect of whom an order has been made by any competent court or official on the grounds that he is or may be suffering from mental disorder or is otherwise incapable of managing his affairs or under other legal disability. |
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47. | The registration of transfers may, on 14 days notice being given by advertisement published on the Stock Exchanges website, or, subject to the Listing Rules, by electronic communication in the manner in which notices may be served by the Company by electronic means as herein provided or by advertisement published in the newspapers, be suspended and the Register closed at such times for such periods as the Directors may from time to time determine, provided always that such registration shall not be suspended or the Register closed for more than 30 days in any year (or such longer period as the Members may by Ordinary Resolution determine provided that such period shall not be extended beyond 60 days in any year). | |||||||||
REGISTRATION OF EMPOWERING INSTRUMENTS | ||||||||||
48. | The Company shall be entitled to charge a fee not exceeding one dollar (US$1.00) on the registration of every probate, letters of administration, certificate of death or marriage, power of attorney, notice in lieu of distringas, or other instrument. | |||||||||
TRANSMISSION OF SHARES | ||||||||||
49. | The legal personal representative of a deceased sole holder of a share shall be the only person recognized by the Company as having any title to the share. In the case of a share registered in the name of two or more holders, the survivors or survivor, or the legal personal representatives of the deceased survivor, shall be the only person recognized by the Company as having any title to the share. | |||||||||
50. | Any person becoming entitled to a share in consequence of the death or bankruptcy of a Member shall upon such evidence being produced as may from time to time be required by the Directors, have the right either to be registered as a Member in respect of the share or, instead of being registered himself, to make such transfer of the share as the deceased or bankrupt person could have made; but the Directors shall, in either case, have the same right to decline or suspend registration as they would have had in the case of a transfer of the share by the deceased or bankrupt person before the death or bankruptcy. | |||||||||
51. | A person becoming entitled to a share by reason of the death or bankruptcy of the holder shall be entitled to the same dividends and other advantages to which he would be entitled if he were the registered holder of such share, except that he shall not, before being registered as a Member in respect of the share, be entitled in respect of it to exercise any right conferred by membership in relation to meetings of the Company. | |||||||||
UNTRACEABLE MEMBERS | ||||||||||
52. | (1) | Without prejudice to the rights of the Company under paragraph (2) of this Article, the Company may cease sending cheques for dividend entitlements or dividend warrants by post if such cheques or warrants have been left uncashed on two consecutive occasions. However, the Company may exercise the power to cease sending cheques for dividend entitlements or dividend warrants after the first occasion on which such a cheque or warrant is returned undelivered. | App. 3
App. 3 | |||||||
(2) |
The Company shall have the power to sell, in such manner as the Board of Directors thinks fit, any shares of a Member who is untraceable, but no such sale shall be made unless: |
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(a) | all cheques or warrants in respect of dividends of the shares in question, being not less than three in total number, for any sum payable in cash to the holder of such shares in respect of them sent during the relevant period in the manner authorized by these Articles have remained uncashed; | |||||||||
(b) | so far as it is aware at the end of the relevant period, the Company has not at any time during the relevant period received any indication of the existence of the Member who is the holder of such shares or of a person entitled to such shares by death, bankruptcy or operation of law; and |
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(c) | the Company, if so required by the Listing Rules, has, at the end of the relevant period, given notice to, and caused an advertisement to be published in the newspapers of its intention to sell such shares in the manner required by the Stock Exchange, and a period of three months or such shorter period as may be allowed by the Stock Exchange has elapsed since the date of such advertisement. | |||||||||
For the purpose of the foregoing, the relevant period means the period commencing twelve years before the date of publication of the advertisement referred to in paragraph (c) of this Article and ending at the expiry of the period referred to in that paragraph. | ||||||||||
(3) | To give effect to any such sale the Board of Directors may authorize some person to transfer the said shares and an instrument of transfer signed or otherwise executed by or on behalf of such person shall be as effective as if it had been executed by the registered holder or the person entitled by transmission to such shares, and the purchaser shall not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money nor shall his title to the shares be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings relating to the sale. The net proceeds of the sale will belong to the Company and upon receipt by the Company of such net proceeds it shall become indebted to the former Member for an amount equal to such net proceeds. No trust shall be created in respect of such debt and no interest shall be payable in respect of it and the Company shall not be required to account for any money earned from the net proceeds which may be employed in the business of the Company or as it thinks fit. Any sale under this Article shall be valid and effective notwithstanding that the Member holding the shares sold is dead, bankrupt or otherwise under any legal disability or incapacity. | |||||||||
DOCUMENT DESTRUCTION | ||||||||||
53. | The Company shall be entitled to destroy all instruments of transfer, probate, letters of administration, stop notices, powers of attorney, certificates of marriage or death and other documents relating to or affecting title to securities in or of the Company (Registrable Documents) which have been registered at any time after the expiration of six years from the date of registration thereof and all dividend mandates and notifications of change of address at any time after the expiration of two years from the date of recording thereof and all share certificates which have been cancelled at any time after the expiration of one year from the date of the cancellation thereof and it shall conclusively be presumed in favor of the Company that every entry in the register if purporting to have been made on the basis of an instrument of transfer or Registrable Document so destroyed was duly and properly made and every instrument of transfer or Registrable Document so destroyed was a valid and effective instrument or document duly and properly registered and every share certificate so destroyed was a valid and effective certificate duly and properly cancelled and every other document hereinbefore mentioned so destroyed was a valid and effective document in accordance with the recorded particulars thereof in the books or records of the Company, provided always that: | |||||||||
(a) | the provisions aforesaid shall apply only to the destruction of a document in good faith and without express notice of the Company of any claim (regardless of the parties thereto) to which the document might be relevant; | |||||||||
(b) | nothing herein contained shall be construed as imposing upon the Company any liability in respect of the destruction of any such document earlier than as aforesaid or in any other circumstances which would not attach to the Company in the absence of this Article; and |
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(c) | references herein to the destruction of any document include references to the disposal thereof in any manner. |
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54. | Notwithstanding any provision contained in these Articles, the Directors may, if permitted by applicable law, authorize the destruction of any documents referred to in this Article or any other documents in relation to share registration which have been microfilmed or electronically stored by the Company or by the share registrar on its behalf provided always that this Article shall apply only to the destruction of a document in good faith and without express notice to the Company that the preservation of such document might be relevant to a claim. | |||||||||
ALTERATION OF CAPITAL | ||||||||||
55. | The Company may from time to time by Ordinary Resolution: | |||||||||
(a) | increase its share capital by such sum, to be divided into shares of such classes and amount, as the resolution shall prescribe; | |||||||||
(b) | consolidate and divide all or any of its share capital into shares of a larger amount than its existing shares; | |||||||||
(c) | convert all or any of its paid up shares into stock and reconvert that stock into paid up shares of any denomination; | |||||||||
(d) | sub-divide its existing shares, or any of them into shares of a smaller amount provided that in the subdivision the proportion between the amount paid and the amount, if any, unpaid on each reduced share shall be the same as it was in case of the share from which the reduced share is derived and may by such resolution determine that, as between the holders of the shares resulting from such sub-division, one or more of the shares may have any such preferred, deferred or other rights or be subject to any such restrictions as compared with the other or others as the Company has power to attach to unissued or new shares; or | |||||||||
(e) | cancel any shares which, at the date of the passing of the resolution, have not been taken or agreed to be taken by any person and diminish the amount of its share capital by the amount of the shares so cancelled. | |||||||||
56. | The Board of Directors may settle as it considers expedient any difficulty which arises in relation to any consolidation and division under the last preceding Article and in particular but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing may issue certificates in respect of fractions of shares or arrange for the sale of the shares representing fractions and the distribution of the new proceeds of sale (after deduction of the expenses of such sale) in due proportion amongst the Members who would have been entitled to the fractions, and for this purpose the Board of Directors may authorize some person to transfer the shares representing fractions to their purchaser or resolve that such net proceeds be paid to the Company for the Companys benefit. Such purchaser will not be bound to see to the application of the purchase money nor will his title to the shares be affected by any irregularity or invalidity in the proceedings relating to the sale. | |||||||||
57. | The Company may by Special Resolution reduce its share capital and any capital redemption reserve in any manner authorized by law. | |||||||||
REDEMPTION, PURCHASE AND SURRENDER OF OWN SHARES | ||||||||||
58. | Subject to the Law, the Memorandum of Association, these Articles and, where applicable, the Listing Rules, and any special rights conferred on the holders of any shares or attaching to any class of shares, the Company may: | |||||||||
(a) | issue shares on terms that they are to be redeemed or are liable to be redeemed at the option of the Company or the Member on such terms and in such manner as the Directors may determine; | |||||||||
(b) | purchase its own shares (including any redeemable shares) on such terms and in such manner as the Directors may determine and agree with the Member; |
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(c) | make a payment in respect of the redemption or purchase of its own shares in any manner authorized by the Law; and | |||||||||
(d) | accept the surrender for no consideration of any paid up Share (including any redeemable Share) on such terms and in such manner as the Directors may determine. | |||||||||
59. | Any share in respect of which notice of redemption has been given shall not be entitled to participate in the profits of the Company in respect of the period after the date specified as the date of redemption in the notice of redemption. | |||||||||
60. | The redemption, purchase or surrender of any share shall not be deemed to give rise to the redemption, purchase or surrender of any other share. Where the Company purchases for redemption a redeemable share, purchases not made through the market or by tender shall be limited to a maximum price. If purchases are by tender, tenders shall be available to all Members alike. |
App. 3 8(1) 8(2) | ||||||||
61. | The Directors may when making payments in respect of redemption or purchase of shares, if authorized by the terms of issue of the shares being redeemed or purchased or with the agreement of the holder of such shares, make such payment either in cash or in specie. | |||||||||
REGISTER OF MEMBERS | ||||||||||
62. | The Directors shall cause to be kept at the Office or at any other place or (subject to compliance with the Law and these Articles) places within or outside the Cayman Islands as they deem fit, the Register of the Members and there shall be entered therein the particulars of the Members and the shares issued to each of them and other particulars required under the Law and the Listing Rules (as appropriate). | |||||||||
63. | The Directors may keep, or cause to be kept, one or more Branch Registers as well as the Principal Register in accordance with the Law at such location or locations within or outside the Cayman Islands as the Directors may determine. | |||||||||
64. | Any Branch Register kept in Hong Kong shall during normal business hours (subject to such reasonable restrictions as the Directors may impose) be open for inspection by a Member without charge and any other person on payment of such fee not exceeding HK$2.50 (or such higher amount as may from time to time be permitted under the Listing Rules) as the Directors may determine for each inspection. Any Member may require a copy of such Branch Register, or any part thereof, on payment of HK$0.25, or such lesser sum as the Company may prescribe, for every 100 words or fractional part thereof required to be copied. The Company shall cause any copy so required by any person to be sent to that person within a period of 10 days commencing on the date next after the day on which the request is received by the Company. | App. 13B 3(2) | ||||||||
65. | The Company may discontinue keeping any Branch Register, and thereupon all entries in that Branch Register shall be transferred to some other Branch Register kept by the Company or to the Principal Register. | |||||||||
CLOSING REGISTER OF MEMBERS OR FIXING RECORD DATE | ||||||||||
66. | For the purpose of determining those Members that are entitled to receive notice of, attend or vote at any meeting of Members or any adjournment thereof, or those Members that are entitled to receive payment of any dividend, or in order to make a determination as to who is a Member for any other purpose, the Directors may provide that the Register shall be closed for transfers for a stated period which shall not exceed in any case 30 days in each year (unless extended by Ordinary Resolution of Members, in which case the Register may be closed for transfers for a maximum period of 60 days in any year). If the Register shall be so closed for the purpose of determining those Members that are entitled to receive notice of, attend or vote at a meeting of Members the Register shall be so closed for at least 10 days immediately preceding such meeting and the record date for such determination shall be the date of the closure of the Register. |
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67. | In lieu of or apart from closing the Register, the Directors may fix in advance a date as the record date for any such determination of those Members that are entitled to receive notice of, attend or vote at a meeting of the Members and for the purpose of determining those Members that are entitled to receive payment of any dividend the Directors may, at or within 90 days prior to the date of declaration of such dividend fix a subsequent date as the record date for such determination. | |||||||||
68. | If the Register of Members is not so closed and no record date is fixed for the determination of those Members entitled to receive notice of, attend or vote at a meeting of Members or those Members that are entitled to receive payment of a dividend, the date on which notice of the meeting is posted or the date on which the resolution of the Directors declaring such dividend is adopted, as the case may be, shall be the record date for such determination of Members. When a determination of those Members that are entitled to receive notice of, attend or vote at a meeting of Members has been made as provided in this Article, such determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof. | |||||||||
GENERAL MEETINGS | ||||||||||
69. | The Company shall in each year hold a general meeting as its annual general meeting in addition to any other meeting in that year and shall specify the meeting as such in the notices calling it; and not more than 15 months shall elapse (or such longer period as the Stock Exchange may authorize) between the date of one annual general meeting of the Company and that of the next. So long as the first annual general meeting of the Company is held within 18 months of its incorporation, it need not be held in the year of its incorporation or in the following years. The annual general meeting shall be held at such time and place as the Directors shall appoint. Annual general meetings of the Company must be held at such place within Hong Kong as may be determined by the board, unless otherwise approved by a majority of the Directors. At the annual general meeting, the report of the Directors (if any) shall be presented. | App. 13B 3(3) 4(2) | ||||||||
70. | All general meetings other than annual general meetings shall be called extraordinary general meetings. | |||||||||
71. | The Directors may, whenever they think fit, convene an extraordinary general meeting. General meetings shall also be convened on the written requisition of any one or more Members of the Company deposited at the principal office of the Company in Hong Kong or, in the event the Company ceases to have such a principal office, the head office or the Office specifying the objects of the meeting and signed by the requisitionists, provided that such requisitionists held as at the date of deposit of the requisition not less than 10% of the paid up capital of the Company which carries the right of voting at general meetings of the Company. General meetings may also be convened on the written requisition of any one Member of the Company which is a recognized clearing house (or its nominee(s)) deposited at the principal office of the Company in Hong Kong or, in the event the Company ceases to have such a principal office, the head office or the Office specifying the objects of the meeting and signed by the requisitionist, provided that such requisitionist held as at the date of deposit of the requisition not less than 10% of the paid up capital of the Company which carries the right of voting at general meetings of the Company. If the Directors do not within 21 days from the date of deposit of the requisition proceed duly to convene the meeting to be held within a further 21 days, the requisitionist(s) themselves or any of them representing more than one- half of the total voting rights of all of them, may convene the general meeting in the same manner, as nearly as possible, as that in which meetings may be convened by the Directors provided that any meeting so convened shall not be held after the expiration of three months from the date of deposit of the requisition, and all expenses reasonably incurred by the requisitionist(s) as a result of the failure of the Board of Directors shall be reimbursed to them by the Company. |
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NOTICE OF GENERAL MEETINGS | ||||||||||
72. | An annual general meeting shall be called by notice of not less than 21 clear days and not less than 20 clear business days and any extraordinary general meeting at which it is proposed to pass a Special Resolution shall be called by notice of at least 21 clear days and not less than 10 clear business days. All other extraordinary general meetings shall be called by notice of at least 14 clear days and not less than 10 clear business days. The notice shall specify the time, place, and agenda of the meeting, particulars of the resolutions to be considered at the meeting and in the case of special business (as defined in Article 78) the general nature of that business. The notice convening an annual general meeting shall specify the meeting as such, and the notice convening a meeting to pass a Special Resolution shall specify the intention to propose the resolution as a Special Resolution. | App. 13B 3(1) | ||||||||
73. | Notice of every general meeting shall be given in any manner authorized by these Articles to: | |||||||||
(a) | every person shown as a Member in the Register as of the record date for such meeting except that in the case of joint holders the notice shall be sufficient if given to the joint holder first named in the Register; | |||||||||
(b) | every person upon whom the ownership of a share devolves by reason of his being a legal personal representative or a trustee in bankruptcy of a Member of record where the Member of record but for his death or bankruptcy would be entitled to receive notice of the meeting; | |||||||||
(c) | the Auditors; | |||||||||
(d) | each Director and alternate Director; | |||||||||
(e) | the Stock Exchange; and | |||||||||
(f) | such other person to whom such notice is required to be given in accordance with the Listing Rules. | |||||||||
No other person shall be entitled to receive notices of general meetings. | ||||||||||
74. | Notwithstanding that a meeting of the Company is called by shorter notice than that referred to in the preceding Article, it shall be deemed to have been duly called if it is so agreed: | |||||||||
(a) | in the case of a meeting called as an annual general meeting, by all the Members of the Company entitled to attend and vote thereat or their proxies; and | |||||||||
(b) | in the case of any other meeting, by a majority in number of the Members having a right to attend and vote at the meeting, being a majority together holding not less than 95 per cent. in nominal value of the shares giving that right. | |||||||||
75. | There shall appear with reasonable prominence in every notice of general meetings of the Company a statement that a Member entitled to attend and vote is entitled to appoint a proxy to attend and vote instead of him and that a proxy need not be a Member of the Company. | |||||||||
76. | The accidental omission to give any such notice to, or the non-receipt of any such notice by, any person entitled to receive notice shall not invalidate any resolution passed or any proceeding at any such meeting. | |||||||||
77. | In cases where instruments of proxy are sent out with notices, the accidental omission to send such instrument of proxy to, or the non-receipt of such instrument of proxy by, any person entitled to receive notice shall not invalidate any resolution passed or any proceeding at any such meeting. |
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PROCEEDINGS AT GENERAL MEETINGS | ||||||||||
78. | All business carried out at a general meeting shall be deemed special with the exception of (a) declaration and sanctioning a dividend; (b) the consideration of the accounts, balance sheets, and any report of the Directors or of the Auditors; (c) the election of Directors whether by rotation or otherwise in the place of those retiring; (d) the appointment of the Auditors and other officers; (e) the fixing of the remuneration of the Auditors, and the voting of remuneration or extra remuneration to the Directors; (f) the granting of any mandate or authority to the Directors to offer, allot, grant options over or otherwise dispose of the unissued shares in the capital of the Company representing not more than 20 per cent. in nominal value of its existing issued share capital; and (g) the granting of any mandate or authority to the Directors to repurchase securities of the Company. No special business shall be transacted at any general meeting without the consent of all Members entitled to receive notice of that meeting unless notice of such special business has been given in the notice convening that meeting. | |||||||||
79. | No business shall be transacted at any general meeting unless a quorum of Members is present at the time when the meeting proceeds to business. Save as otherwise provided by these Articles, a quorum shall be one or more persons holding or representing at least one third of the issued shares entitled to vote and present in person or by proxy. | |||||||||
80. | If within half an hour from the time appointed for the meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting, if convened upon the requisition of Members, shall be dissolved. In any other case it shall stand adjourned to the same day in the next week, at the same time and place, and if at the adjourned meeting a quorum is not present within half an hour from the time appointed for the meeting the Member or Members present and entitled to vote shall be a quorum. | |||||||||
81. | Either of the Co-Chairmen (as defined in Article 104(5)) of the Board of Directors shall preside as chairman at every general meeting of the Company. | |||||||||
82. | If the Directors wish to make such a facility available to Members for a specific or all general meetings of the Company, a Member may participate in any general meeting of the Company, by means of a telephone or similar communication equipment by way of which all persons participating in such meeting can hear each other and such participation shall be deemed to constitute presence in person at the meeting. | |||||||||
83. | If there is no such chairman, or if at any general meeting he is not present within half an hour after the time appointed for holding the meeting or is unwilling to act as chairman, the Members present in person or (in the case of a Member being a corporation) by its duly authorized representative or by proxy and entitled to vote shall choose one of their number to be chairman of that meeting. | |||||||||
84. | The chairman may, with the consent of any general meeting at which a quorum is present (and shall if so directed by the meeting), adjourn a meeting from time to time and from place to place, but no business shall be transacted at any adjourned meeting other than the business left unfinished at the meeting from which the adjournment took place. When a meeting is adjourned for 14 days or more at least 7 clear days notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given as in the case of an original meeting. Save as aforesaid it shall not be necessary to give any notice of an adjournment or of the business to be transacted at an adjourned meeting. | |||||||||
85. | If an amendment is proposed to any resolution under consideration but is in good faith ruled out of order by the chairman of the meeting, the proceedings on the substantive resolution shall not be invalidated by any error in such ruling. In the case of a resolution duly proposed as a Special Resolution, no amendment thereto (other than a mere clerical amendment to correct a patent error) may in any event be considered or voted upon. At any general meeting a resolution put to the vote of the meeting is to be decided by way of a poll. |
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VOTES OF MEMBERS | ||||||||||
86. | At any general meeting a resolution put to the vote of the meeting shall be decided by poll. | |||||||||
87. | Subject to any special rights or restrictions as to voting for the time being attached to any shares by or in accordance with these Articles, at any general meeting on a poll every Member present in person or by proxy or, in the case of a Member being a corporation, by its duly authorized representative shall have one vote for every fully paid share of which he is the holder but so that no amount paid up or credited as paid up on a share in advance of calls or installments is treated for the foregoing purposes as paid up on the share. | |||||||||
88. | A poll shall be taken in such manner as the chairman of the meeting directs, and the result of the poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the meeting. The Company shall only be required to disclose the voting figures on a poll if such disclosure is required by the Listing Rules. | |||||||||
89. | Votes may be given either personally or by proxy. | |||||||||
90. | A person entitled to more than one vote on a poll need not use all his votes or cast all the votes he uses in the same way. | |||||||||
91. | All questions submitted to a meeting shall be decided by a simple majority of votes except where a greater majority is required by these Articles or by the Law. In the case of an equality of votes, the chairman of such meeting shall not be entitled to a second or casting vote in addition to any other vote he may have. | |||||||||
92. | Where there are joint holders of any share any one of such joint holder may vote, either in person or by proxy, in respect of such share as if he were solely entitled thereto, but if more than one of such joint holders be present at any meeting the vote of the senior who tenders a vote, whether in person or by proxy, shall be accepted to the exclusion of the votes of the other joint holders, and for this purpose seniority shall be determined by the order in which the names stand in the Register in respect of the joint holding. Several executors or administrators of a deceased Member in whose name any share stands shall for the purposes of this Article be deemed joint holders thereof. | |||||||||
93. | (1) | A Member who is a patient for any purpose relating to mental health or in respect of whom an order has been made by any court having jurisdiction for the protection or management of the affairs of persons incapable of managing their own affairs may vote, by his receiver, committee, curator bonis or other person in the nature of a receiver, committee or curator bonis appointed by such court, and such receiver, committee, curator bonis or other person may vote by proxy, and may otherwise act and be treated as if he were the registered holder of such shares for the purposes of general meetings, provided that such evidence as the Board of Directors may require of the authority of the person claiming to vote shall have been deposited at the Office or head office (or such other place as may be specified in the notice convening the meeting or in any notice of any adjournment or, in either case, in any document sent therewith), not less than 48 hours before the time appointed for holding the meeting, or adjourned meeting, as the case may be. | ||||||||
(2) | Any person entitled under Article 50 to be registered as the holder of any shares may vote at any general meeting in respect thereof in the same manner as if he were the registered holder of such shares, provided that at least 48 hours before the time of the holding of the meeting or adjourned meeting, as the case may be, at which he proposes to vote, he shall satisfy the Board of Directors of his entitlement to such shares, or the Board of Directors shall have previously admitted his right to vote at such meeting in respect thereof. | |||||||||
94. | (1) | No Member shall, unless the Board of Directors otherwise determines, be entitled to attend and vote and to be reckoned in a quorum at any general meeting unless he is duly registered and all calls or other sums presently payable by him in respect of shares in the Company have been paid. |
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(2) | Where the Company has knowledge that any Member is, under the Listing Rules, required to abstain from voting on any particular resolution of the Company or restricted to voting only for or only against any particular resolution of the Company, any votes cast by or on behalf of such Member in contravention of such requirement or restriction shall not be counted. | App. 3 14 | ||||||||
95. | If: | |||||||||
(a) | any objection shall be raised to the qualification of any voter; or | |||||||||
(b) | any votes have been counted which ought not to have been counted or which might have been rejected; or | |||||||||
(c) | any votes are not counted which ought to have been counted; | |||||||||
the objection or error shall not vitiate the decision of the meeting or adjourned meeting on any resolution unless the same is raised or pointed out at the meeting or, as the case may be, the adjourned meeting at which the vote objected to is given or tendered or at which the error occurs. Any objection or error shall be referred to the chairman of the meeting and shall only vitiate the decision of the meeting on any resolution if the chairman decides that the same may have affected the decision of the meeting. The decision of the chairman on such matters shall be final and conclusive. | ||||||||||
PROXIES | ||||||||||
96. | Any Member entitled to attend and vote at a meeting of the Company shall be entitled to appoint another person as his proxy to attend and vote instead of him. A Member who is the holder of two or more shares may appoint more than one proxy to represent him and vote on his behalf at a general meeting of the Company or at a class meeting. A proxy need not be a Member. In addition, a proxy or proxies representing either a Member who is an individual or a Member which is a corporation shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the Member which he or they represent as such Member could exercise. | App. 13B 2(2) | ||||||||
97. | The instrument appointing a proxy shall be in writing under the hand of the appointor or of his attorney duly authorized in writing or, if the appointor is a corporation, either under its seal or under the hand of an officer, attorney or other person authorized to sign the same. In the case of an instrument of proxy purporting to be signed on behalf of a corporation by an officer thereof it shall be assumed, unless the contrary appears, that such officer was duly authorized to sign such instrument of proxy on behalf of the corporation without further evidence of the facts. | App. 3 11(2) | ||||||||
98. | The instrument appointing a proxy and (if required by the Board of Directors) the power of attorney or other authority (if any) under which it is signed, or a certified copy of such power or authority, shall be delivered to such place or one of such places (if any) as may be specified for that purpose in or by way of note to or in any document accompanying the notice convening the meeting (or, if no place is so specified at the Office) not less than 48 hours before the time appointed for holding the meeting or adjourned meeting at which the person named in the instrument proposes to vote and in default the instrument of proxy shall not be treated as valid. No instrument appointing a proxy shall be valid after the expiration of eleven months from the date named in it as the date of its execution, except at an adjourned meeting in cases where the meeting was originally held within eleven months from such date. Delivery of an instrument appointing a proxy shall not preclude a Member from attending and voting in person at the meeting convened and in such event, the instrument appointing a proxy shall be deemed to be revoked. |
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99. | Instruments of proxy shall be in any common form or in such other form as the Board of Directors may approve (provided that this shall not preclude the use of the two-way form) and the Board of Directors may, if it thinks fit, send out with the notice of any meeting forms of instrument of proxy for use at the meeting. The instrument of proxy shall be deemed to confer authority to vote on any amendment of a resolution put to the meeting for which it is given as the proxy thinks fit. The instrument of proxy shall, unless the contrary is stated therein, be valid as well for any adjournment of the meeting as for the meeting to which it relates. | App. 3 11(1) | ||||||||
100. | A vote given in accordance with the terms of an instrument of proxy shall be valid notwithstanding the previous death or insanity of the principal, or revocation of the instrument of proxy or of the authority under which it was executed, provided that no intimation in writing of such death, insanity or revocation shall have been received by the Company at the Office (or such other place as may be specified for the delivery of instruments of proxy in the notice convening the meeting or other document sent therewith) two hours at least before the commencement of the meeting or adjourned meeting at which the instrument of proxy is used. | |||||||||
101. | Anything which under these Articles a Member may do by proxy he may likewise do by his duly appointed attorney and the provisions of these Articles relating to proxies and instruments appointing proxies shall apply mutatis mutandis in relation to any such attorney and the instrument under which such attorney is appointed. | |||||||||
CORPORATIONS ACTING BY REPRESENTATIVES AT MEETINGS | ||||||||||
102. | (1) | Any corporation which is a Member may by resolution of its directors or other governing body authorize such person as it thinks fit to act as its representative at any meeting of the Company or at any meeting of any class of Members. The person so authorized shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of such corporation as the corporation could exercise if it were an individual Member and such corporation shall for the purposes of these Articles be deemed to be present in person at any such meeting if a person so authorized is present thereat. | App. 13B 2(2) | |||||||
(2) | If a clearing house (or its nominee(s)), being a corporation, is a Member, it may authorize such persons as it thinks fit to act as its representatives at any meeting of the Company or at any meeting of any class of Members provided that, if more than one person is so authorized, the authorization shall specify the number and class of shares in respect of which each such representative is so authorized. Each person so authorized under the provisions of this Article shall be deemed to have been duly authorized without further evidence of the facts and be entitled to exercise the same rights and powers on behalf of the clearing house (or its nominee(s)) as if such person was the registered holder of the shares of the Company held by the clearing house (or its nominee(s)). | App. 13B 6 | ||||||||
(3) | Any reference in these Articles to a duly authorized representative of a Member being a corporation shall mean a representative authorized under the provisions of this Article. | |||||||||
WRITTEN RESOLUTIONS OF MEMBERS | ||||||||||
103. | A resolution in writing signed (in such manner as to indicate, expressly or impliedly, unconditional approval) by or on behalf of all persons for the time being entitled to receive notice of and to attend and vote at general meetings of the Company shall, for the purposes of these Articles, be treated as a resolution duly passed at a general meeting of the Company and, where relevant, as a Special Resolution so passed. Any such resolution shall be deemed to have been passed at a meeting held on the date on which it was signed by the last Member to sign, and where the resolution states a date as being the date of his signature thereof by any Member the statement shall be prima facie evidence that it was signed by him on that date. Such a resolution may consist of several documents in the like form, each signed by one or more relevant Members. |
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DIRECTORS | ||||||||||
104. | (1) | Unless otherwise determined by the Company in general meeting, the number of Directors shall be ten Directors, or such number of Directors to be determined from time to time solely by resolution approved by a supermajority of at least two-thirds of the vote of Directors present at the board meeting. The Directors shall be elected or appointed in the first place by the subscribers to the Memorandum of Association or by a majority of them. For so long as shares or ADSs are quoted on Nasdaq, the Directors shall include such number of Independent Directors as applicable law, rules or regulations or the Nasdaq Rules require. | ||||||||
(2) | Each Director shall hold office until the expiration of his term and until his successor shall have been elected or appointed. | |||||||||
(3) | The Company may by Ordinary Resolution appoint any person to be a Director either to fill a vacancy on the Board created under Article 104(7) or Article 132 or as an addition to the existing Board. | |||||||||
(4) | The Directors may by the affirmative vote of all Directors appoint any person to be a Director either to fill a vacancy on the Board created under Article 104(7) or Article 132 or as an addition to the existing Board. Any Director so appointed by the Board of Directors shall hold office only until the next following annual general meeting of the Company and shall then be eligible for re-election. | App. 3 4(2) | ||||||||
(5) | The Board of Directors shall have Co-Chairmen of the Board of Directors (the Co-Chairmen) elected and appointed by a majority of the Directors then in office. The period for which the Co-Chairmen will hold office will also be determined by a majority of all of the Directors then in office. One of the Co-Chairmen shall preside as chairman at every meeting of the Board of Directors. To the extent the Co-Chairmen are not present at a meeting of the Board of Directors within fifteen minutes after the time appointed for holding the same, the attending Directors may choose one of their number to be the chairman of the meeting. | |||||||||
(6) | Neither a Director nor an alternate Director shall be required to hold any shares of the Company by way of qualification and a Director or alternate Director (as the case may be) who is not a Member shall be entitled to receive notice of and to attend and speak at any general meeting of the Company and of all classes of shares of the Company. | |||||||||
(7) | The Members may, at any general meeting convened and held in accordance with these Articles, by Ordinary Resolution remove a Director at any time before the expiration of his period of office notwithstanding anything to the contrary in these Articles or in any agreement between the Company and such Director (but without prejudice to any claim for damages under any such agreement). | App. 3 4(3) App.13B 5(1) | ||||||||
105. | The Board may, from time to time, and except as required by applicable law or the listing rules of the recognized stock exchange or automated quotation system where the Companys securities are traded, adopt, institute, amend, modify or revoke the corporate governance policies or initiatives, which shall be intended to set forth the policies of the Company and the Board on various corporate governance related matters as the Board shall determine by resolution from time to time. | |||||||||
ALTERNATE DIRECTOR | ||||||||||
106. | Any Director may in writing appoint another person to be his alternate to act in his place at any meeting of the Directors at which he is unable to be present. Every such alternate shall be entitled to notice of meetings of the Directors and to attend and vote thereat as a Director when the person appointing him is not personally present and where he is a Director to have a separate vote on behalf of the Director he is representing in addition to his own vote. An alternate Director may be removed at any time by the person or body which appointed him and, subject thereto, the office of alternate Director shall continue until the next annual election of Directors or, if earlier, the date on which the relevant Director ceases to be a Director. Any appointment or removal of an alternate Director shall be effected by notice signed by the appointor and delivered to the Office or head office or tendered at a meeting of the Board of Directors. Such alternate shall not be deemed to be an officer of the Company solely as a result of his appointment as an alternate. The remuneration of such alternate shall be payable out of the remuneration of the Director appointing him and the proportion thereof shall be agreed between them. |
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107. | Any Director may appoint any person, whether or not a Director, to be the proxy of that Director to attend and vote on his behalf, in accordance with instructions given by that Director, or in the absence of such instructions at the discretion of the proxy, at a meeting or meetings of the Directors which that Director is unable to attend personally. The instrument appointing the proxy shall be in writing under the hand of the appointing Director and shall be in any usual or common form or such other form as the Directors may approve, and must be lodged with the chairman of the meeting of the Directors at which such proxy is to be used, or first used, prior to the commencement of the meeting. | |||||||||
RETIREMENT OF DIRECTORS | ||||||||||
108. | (1) | Notwithstanding any other provisions in the Articles, at each annual general meeting one-third of the Directors for the time being (or, if their number is not a multiple of three (3), the number nearest to but not less than one-third) shall retire from office by rotation provided that every Director shall be subject to retirement at least once every three years. | ||||||||
(2) | A retiring Director shall be eligible for re-election and shall continue to act as a Director throughout the meeting at which he retires. The Directors to retire by rotation shall include (so far as necessary to ascertain the number of directors to retire by rotation) any Director who wishes to retire and not to offer himself for re-election. Any further Directors so to retire shall be those of the other Directors subject to retirement by rotation who have been longest in office since their last re-election or appointment and so that as between persons who became or were last re-elected Directors on the same day those to retire shall (unless they otherwise agree among themselves) be determined by lot. Any Director appointed pursuant to Article 104(3) or Article 104(4) shall not be taken into account in determining which particular Directors or the number of Directors who are to retire by rotation. | |||||||||
109. | No person other than a Director retiring at the meeting shall, unless recommended by the Directors for election, be eligible for election as a Director at any general meeting unless a notice signed by a Member (other than the person to be proposed) duly qualified to attend and vote at the meeting for which such notice is given of his intention to propose such person for election and also a notice signed by the person to be proposed of his willingness to be elected shall have been lodged at the head office or at the Office provided that the minimum length of the period, during which such notice(s) are given, shall be at least seven days and that (if the notices are submitted after the dispatch of the notice of the general meeting appointed for such election) the period for lodgment of such notice(s) shall commence on the day after the dispatch of the notice of the general meeting appointed for such election and end no later than seven days prior to the date of such general meeting. | App. 3 4(4) 4(5) | ||||||||
DIRECTORS FEES AND EXPENSES | ||||||||||
110. | The Directors shall receive such remuneration (whether by way of salary, commission, participation in profits or otherwise or by all or any of those modes) and such other benefits (including pension and/or gratuity and/or other benefits on retirement) and allowances as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine, and either in addition to or in lieu of his remuneration as a Director. | |||||||||
111. | Each Director shall be entitled to be repaid or prepaid all necessary travelling, hotel and incidental expenses reasonably incurred or expected to be incurred by him in attending meetings of the Board of Directors or committees of the Board of Directors or general meetings or separate meetings of any class of shares or of debentures of the Company or otherwise in connection with the discharge of his duties as a Director. |
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112. | Any Director who, by request from the Board of Directors, goes or resides abroad for any purpose of the Company or who performs services which in the opinion of the Board of Directors go beyond the ordinary duties of a Director may be paid such extra remuneration (whether by way of salary, commission, participation in profits or otherwise) as the Board of Directors may determine and such extra remuneration shall be in addition to or in substitution for any ordinary remuneration provided for by or pursuant to any other Article. | |||||||||
113. | Notwithstanding Article 110, the Board of Directors shall obtain the approval of the Company in general meeting before making any payment to any Director or past Director of the Company by way of compensation for loss of office, or as consideration for or in connection with his retirement from office (not being payment to which the Director is contractually entitled). | App. 13B 5(4) | ||||||||
DIRECTORS INTERESTS | ||||||||||
114. | A Director may: | |||||||||
(a) | hold any other office or place of profit with the Company (except that of Auditor) in conjunction with his office of Director for such period and upon such terms as the Board of Directors may determine. Any remuneration (whether by way of salary, commission, participation in profits or otherwise) paid to any Director in respect of any such other office or place of profit shall be in addition to any remuneration provided for by or pursuant to any other Article; | |||||||||
(b) | act by himself or his firm in a professional capacity for the Company (otherwise than as Auditor) and he or his firm may be remunerated for professional services as if he were not a Director; and | |||||||||
(c) | continue to be or become a director, managing director, joint managing director, deputy managing director, executive director, manager or other officer or member of any other company promoted by the Company or in which the Company may be interested as a vendor, shareholder or otherwise and (unless otherwise agreed) no such Director shall be accountable for any remuneration, profits or other benefits received by him as a director, managing director, joint managing director, deputy managing director, executive director, manager or other officer or member of or from his interests in any such other company. Subject as otherwise provided by these Articles the Directors may exercise or cause to be exercised the voting powers conferred by the shares in any other company held or owned by the Company, or exercisable by them as Directors of such other company in such manner in all respects as they think fit (including the exercise thereof in favor of any resolution appointing themselves or any of them directors, managing directors, joint managing directors, deputy managing directors, executive directors, managers or other officers of such company) or voting or providing for the payment of remuneration to the director, managing director, joint managing director, deputy managing director, executive director, manager or other officers of such other company and any Director may vote in favor of the exercise of such voting rights in manner aforesaid notwithstanding that he may be, or about to be, appointed a director, managing director, joint managing director, deputy managing director, executive director, manager or other officer of such a company, and that as such he is or may become interested in the exercise of such voting rights in manner aforesaid. | |||||||||
115. | Subject to the Law and to these Articles, no Director or proposed or intending Director shall be disqualified by his office from contracting with the Company, either with regard to his tenure of any office or place of profit or as vendor, purchaser or in any other manner whatever, nor shall any such contract or any other contract or arrangement in which any Director is in any way interested be liable to be avoided, nor shall any Director so contracting or being so interested be liable to account to the Company or the Members for any remuneration, profit or other benefits realized by any such contract or arrangement by reason of such Director holding that office or of the fiduciary relationship thereby established provided that such Director shall disclose the nature of his interest in any contract or arrangement in which he is interested in accordance with Article 116 herein. No powers shall be taken to freeze or otherwise impair any of the rights attaching to any share by reason only that the Director interested directly or indirectly therein has failed to disclose its interests to the Company. | App. 3 12 |
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116. | A Director who to his knowledge is in any way, whether directly or indirectly, interested in a contract or arrangement or proposed contract or arrangement with the Company shall declare the nature of his interest at the meeting of the Board of Directors at which the question of entering into the contract or arrangement is first considered, if he knows his interest then exists, or in any other case at the first meeting of the Board of Directors after he knows that he is or has become so interested. For the purposes of this Article, a general notice to the Board of Directors by a Director to the effect that: | App.13B 5(3) | ||||||||
(a) | he is a member or officer of a specified company or firm and is to be regarded as interested in any contract or arrangement which may after the date of the notice be made with that company or firm; or | |||||||||
(b) | he is to be regarded as interested in any contract or arrangement which may after the date of the notice be made with a specified person who is connected with him; | |||||||||
shall be deemed to be a sufficient declaration of interest under this Article in relation to any such contract or arrangement, provided that no such notice shall be effective unless either it is given at a meeting of the Board of Directors or the Director takes reasonable steps to secure that it is brought up and read at the next Board of Directors meeting after it is given. | ||||||||||
117. | (1) | A Director shall not vote (nor be counted in the quorum) on any resolution of the Board of Directors approving any contract or arrangement or any other proposal in which he or any of his associate(s) is materially interested, but this prohibition shall not apply to any of the following matters namely: | App. 3 4(1) | |||||||
(i) | any contract or arrangement for the giving to such Director or his associate(s) any security or indemnity in respect of money lent by him or any of his associate(s) or obligations incurred or undertaken by him or any of his associate(s) at the request of or for the benefit of the Company or any of its subsidiaries; | |||||||||
(ii) | any proposal, contract or arrangement for the giving of any security or indemnity to a third party in respect of a debt or obligation of the Company or any of its subsidiaries for which the Director or his associate(s) has himself/themselves assumed responsibility in whole or in part whether alone or jointly under a guarantee or indemnity or by the giving of security; | |||||||||
(iii) | any contract or arrangement concerning an offer of shares or debentures or other securities of or by the Company or any other company which the Company may promote or be interested in for subscription or purchase, where the Director or his associate(s) is/are or is/are to be interested as a participant in the underwriting or sub-underwriting of the offer; | |||||||||
(iv) | any contract or arrangement in which the Director or his associate(s) is/are interested in the same manner as other holders of shares or debentures or other securities of the Company by virtue only of his/their interest in shares or debentures or other securities of the Company; | |||||||||
(v) | any proposal, contract or arrangement concerning any other company in which the Director or his associate(s) is/are interested only, whether directly or indirectly, as an officer or executive or a shareholder or in which the Director and any of his associate(s) are not in aggregate beneficially interested in 5 per cent. or more of the issued shares or of the voting rights of any class of shares of such company (or of any third company through which his interest or that of any of his associate is derived); or |
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(vi) | any proposal or arrangement concerning the adoption, modification or operation of | |||||||||
(a) | any employees share scheme or any share incentive or a share option scheme under which a Director or his associate(s) may benefit; or | |||||||||
(b) | a pension fund or retirement, death or disability benefits scheme or other arrangement which relates both to directors, his associate(s) and employees of the Company or of any of its subsidiaries and does not provide in respect of any Director, or his associate(s), as such any privilege or advantage not accorded generally to the class of persons to which such scheme or fund relates. | |||||||||
(2) | A company shall be deemed to be a company in which a Director and/or his associate(s) owns 5 per cent. or more if and so long as (but only if and so long as) he and/or his associate(s), (either directly or indirectly) are the holders of or beneficially interested in 5 per cent. or more of any class of the equity share capital of such company or of the voting rights available to members of such company (or of any third company through which his interest or that of any of his associate(s) is derived). For the purpose of this paragraph there shall be disregarded any shares held by a Director or his associate(s) as bare or custodian trustee and in which he or any of them has no beneficial interest, any shares comprised in a trust in which the interest of the Director or his associate(s) is/are in reversion or remainder if and so long as some other person is entitled to receive the income thereof, and any shares comprised in an authorized unit trust scheme in which the Director or his associate(s) is/are interested only as a unit holder. | |||||||||
(3) | Where a company in which a Director and/or his associate(s) holds 5 per cent. or more is materially interested in a transaction, then that Director and/or his associate(s) shall also be deemed materially interested in such transaction. | |||||||||
(4) | If any question shall arise at any meeting of the Board of Directors as to the materiality of the interest of a Director (other than the chairman of the meeting) or as to the entitlement of any Director (other than such chairman) to vote and such question is not resolved by his voluntarily agreeing to abstain from voting, such question shall be referred to the chairman of the meeting and his ruling in relation to such other Director shall be final and conclusive except in a case where the nature or extent of the interest of the Director concerned as known to such Director has not been fairly disclosed to the Board of Directors. If any question as aforesaid shall arise in respect of the chairman of the meeting such question shall be decided by a resolution of the Board of Directors (for which purpose such chairman shall not vote thereon) and such resolution shall be final and conclusive except in a case where the nature or extent of the interest of such chairman as known to such chairman has not been fairly disclosed to the Board of Directors. | |||||||||
POWERS AND DUTIES OF DIRECTORS | ||||||||||
118. | Subject to the provisions of the Law, these Articles and to any resolutions made in general meeting, the business of the Company shall be managed by the Directors, who may pay all expenses incurred in setting up and registering the Company and may exercise all powers of the Company. No resolution made by the Company in general meeting shall invalidate any prior act of the Directors which would have been valid if that resolution had not been made. The general powers given by this Article shall not be limited or restricted by any special authority or power given to the Board of Directors by any other Article. |
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119. | Without prejudice to the general powers conferred by these Articles, it is hereby expressly declared that the Board of Directors shall have the following powers: | |||||||||
(a) | to give to any person the right or option of requiring at a future date that an allotment shall be made to him of any share at par or at such premium as may be agreed; | |||||||||
(b) | to give to any Directors, officers or servants of the Company an interest in any particular business or transaction or participation in the profits thereof or in the general profits of the Company either in addition to or in substitution for a salary or other remuneration; and |
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(c) | to resolve that the Company be deregistered in the Cayman Islands and continued in a named jurisdiction outside the Cayman Islands subject to the provisions of the Law. | |||||||||
120. | The Board of Directors may from time to time appoint: | |||||||||
(a) | any one or more of its body to hold any employment with the Company for such period, with such title and upon such terms as the Board of Directors may determine. A Director appointed to a position under this Article shall remain subject to the same provisions relating to his removal as a Director, but his termination as an employee of the Company, shall be subject to the provisions of the contract between him and the Company; and | |||||||||
(b) | any person, whether or not a Director to hold such office in the Company as the Directors may think necessary for the administration of the Company, including but not limited to, the office of chief executive officer, president, one or more vice-presidents, treasurer, assistant treasurer, manager or controller, and for such term and at such remuneration (whether by way of salary or commission or participation in profits or otherwise or partly in one way and partly in another), and with such powers and duties as the Directors may think fit. Any person so appointed by the Directors may be removed by the Directors. | |||||||||
121. | The Directors may appoint a Secretary (and if need be an Assistant Secretary or Assistant Secretaries) who shall hold office for such term, at such remuneration and upon such conditions and with such powers as they think fit. Any Secretary or Assistant Secretary so appointed by the Directors may be removed by the Directors. | |||||||||
122. | Except as would, if the Company were a company incorporated in Hong Kong, be permitted by Section 157H of the Companies Ordinance (Chapter 32 of the Laws of Hong Kong) as in force at the date of adoption of these Articles, and except as permitted under the Law, the Company shall not directly or indirectly: | App.13B 5(2) | ||||||||
(i) | make a loan to a Director or a director of any holding company (as defined by the Listing Rules) of the Company or to any of their respective associate(s); | |||||||||
(ii) | enter into any guarantee or provide any security in connection with a loan made by any person to a Director or such a director; or | |||||||||
(iii) | if any one or more of the Directors hold (jointly or severally or directly or indirectly) a controlling interest in another company, make a loan to that other company or enter into any guarantee or provide any security in connection with a loan made by any person to that other company. | |||||||||
123. | The Directors may from time to time and at any time by power of attorney appoint any company, firm or person or body of persons, whether nominated directly or indirectly by the Directors, to be the attorney or attorneys of the Company for such purposes and with such powers, authorities and discretion (not exceeding those vested in or exercisable by the Directors under these Articles) and for such period and subject to such conditions as they may think fit, and any such power of attorney may contain such provisions for the protection and convenience of persons dealing with any such attorney as the Directors may think fit, and may also authorize any such attorney to delegate all or any of the powers, authorities and discretion vested in him. |
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124. | The Directors may from time to time provide for the management of the affairs of the Company in such manner as they shall think fit and the provisions contained in the three next following Articles shall not limit the general powers conferred by this Article. | |||||||||
125. | The Directors from time to time and at any time may establish any committees, local boards or agencies for managing any of the affairs of the Company and may appoint any persons to be members of such committees or local boards and may appoint any managers or agents of the Company and may fix the remuneration of any such persons. Any committee, local board or agency so formed shall in the exercise of the powers delegated to it by the Directors conform to any regulations that may be imposed on it by the Directors. | |||||||||
126. | The Directors from time to time and at any time may delegate to any such committee, local board, manager or agent any of the powers, authorities and discretions for the time being vested in the Directors and may authorize the members for the time being of any such local board, or any of them to fill any vacancies therein and to act notwithstanding vacancies and any such appointment or delegation may be made on such terms and subject to such conditions as the Directors may think fit and the Directors may at any time remove any person so appointed and may annul or vary any such delegation, but no person dealing in good faith and without notice of any such annulment or variation shall be affected thereby. | |||||||||
127. | Any such delegates as aforesaid may be authorized by the Directors to subdelegate all or any of the powers, authorities, and discretion for the time being vested in them. | |||||||||
128. | All cheques, promissory notes, drafts, bills of exchange and other instruments, whether negotiable or transferable or not, and all receipts for moneys paid to the Company shall be signed, drawn, accepted, endorsed or otherwise executed, as the case may be, in such manner as the Board of Directors shall from time to time by resolution determine. The Companys banking accounts shall be kept with such banker or bankers as the Board of Directors shall from time to time determine. | |||||||||
129. | The following actions require the resolution approved by a supermajority of at least two-thirds of the vote of Directors at the board meeting:- | |||||||||
(a) | subject to Article 192(2), any voluntary dissolution or liquidation of the Company; and | |||||||||
(b) | the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company. | |||||||||
BORROWING POWERS OF DIRECTORS | ||||||||||
130. | The Directors may exercise all the powers of the Company to borrow money and to mortgage or charge all or part of its undertaking, property and uncalled capital or any part thereof, and subject to the Law to issue debentures, debenture stock and other securities whenever money is borrowed or as security for any debt, liability or obligation of the Company or of any third party. | |||||||||
THE SEAL | ||||||||||
131. | (1) | The Company shall have one or more Seals, as the Board of Directors may determine. For the purpose of sealing documents creating or evidencing securities issued by the Company, the Company may have a securities seal which is a facsimile of the Seal of the Company with the addition of the word Securities on its face or in such other form as the Board of Directors may approve. The Board of Directors shall provide for the custody of each Seal and no Seal shall be used without the authority of the Board of Directors or of a committee of the Board of Directors authorized by the Board of Directors in that behalf. Subject as otherwise provided in these Articles, any instrument to which a Seal is affixed shall be signed autographically by one Director and the Secretary or by two Directors or by such other person (including a Director) or persons as the Board of Directors may appoint, either generally or in any particular case, save that as regards any certificates for shares or debentures or other securities of the Company the Board of Directors may by resolution determine that such signatures or either of them shall be dispensed with or affixed by some method or system of mechanical signature. Every instrument executed in any manner provided by this Article shall be deemed to be sealed and executed with the authority of the Board of Directors previously given. | App. 3 2(1) |
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(2) | Where the Company has a Seal for use abroad, the Board of Directors may by writing under the Seal appoint any agent or committee abroad to be the duly authorized agent of the Company for the purpose of affixing and using such Seal and the Board of Directors may impose restrictions on the use thereof as may be thought fit. Wherever in these Articles reference is made to the Seal, the reference shall, when and so far as may be applicable, be deemed to include any such other Seal as aforesaid. | |||||||||
DISQUALIFICATION OF DIRECTORS | ||||||||||
132. | The office of Director shall be vacated, if the Director: | |||||||||
(a) | resigns his office by notice in writing to the Company; | App. 13B 5(1) | ||||||||
(b) |
dies, or an order is made by any competent court or official on the grounds that he is or may be suffering from mental disorder or is otherwise incapable of managing his affairs and a majority of the Directors resolve that his office be vacated; |
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(c) | without leave, he is absent from meetings of the Board of Directors (unless an alternate Director appointed by him attends in his place) for a continuous period of 6 months, and a majority of the Directors resolve that his office be vacated; | |||||||||
(d) | becomes bankrupt or has a receiving order made against him or suspends payment or compounds with his creditors generally; | |||||||||
(e) | ceases to be or is prohibited from being a Director by law or by virtue of any provisions in these Articles; | |||||||||
(f) | is removed from office by notice in writing served upon him signed by not less than a majority in number (or, if that is not a round number, the nearest lower round number) of the Directors (including himself) then in office; or | |||||||||
(g) | is removed from office by an Ordinary Resolution. | |||||||||
REGISTER OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS | ||||||||||
133. | The Company shall cause to be kept in one or more books at its Office a Register of Directors and Officers in which there shall be entered the full names and addresses of the Directors and Officers and such other particulars as required by the Law or as the Directors may determine. The Company shall send to the Registrar of Companies in the Cayman Islands a copy of such register, and shall from time to time notify to the said Registrar of Companies of any change that takes place in relation to such Directors and Officers as required by the Law. |
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PROCEEDINGS OF DIRECTORS | ||||||||||
134. | The Directors may meet together (either within or outside the Cayman Islands) for the despatch of business, adjourn, and otherwise regulate their meetings and proceedings as they think fit. Questions arising at any meeting shall be decided by a majority of votes. In case of an equality of votes the chairman shall not have a second or casting vote. A Director may, and a Secretary or Assistant Secretary on the requisition of a Director shall, at any time summon a meeting of the Directors by at least two days notice in writing to every other Director and alternate Director. | |||||||||
135. | A Director or Directors may participate in any meeting of the Board of Directors, or of any committee appointed by the Board of Directors of which such Director or Directors are members, by means of telephone or similar communication equipment by way of which all persons participating in such meeting can hear each other and such participation shall be deemed to constitute presence in person at the meeting. | |||||||||
136. | The quorum necessary for the transaction of the business of the Directors may be fixed by the Directors and unless so fixed shall be four. A Director represented by proxy or by an alternate Director at any meeting shall be deemed to be present for the purposes of determining whether or not a quorum is present. Any Director may attend a meeting acting for himself and as an alternate or proxy for any other Director(s) and in such circumstances in calculating the quorum, that Director and each of the other Directors he represents shall be deemed to be present. | |||||||||
137. | Any Director who ceases to be a Director at a Board of Directors meeting may continue to be present and to act as a Director and be counted in the quorum until the termination of such Board meeting if no other Director objects and if otherwise a quorum of Directors would not be present. | |||||||||
138. | The Directors shall cause minutes to be made in books or loose-leaf folders provided for the purpose of recording: | |||||||||
(a) | all appointments of officers made by the Directors; |
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(b) | the names of the Directors present at each meeting of the Directors and of any committee of the Directors; and |
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(c) | all resolutions and proceedings at all meetings of the Company, and of the Directors and of committees of Directors. |
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139. | When the chairman of a meeting of the Directors signs the minutes of such meeting the same shall be deemed to have been duly held notwithstanding that all the Directors have not actually come together or that there may have been a technical defect in the proceedings. | |||||||||
140. | A resolution signed by all the Directors except such as are temporarily unable to act through ill-health or disability, and all the alternate Directors, if appropriate, whose appointors are temporarily unable to act as aforesaid shall (provided that such number is sufficient to constitute a quorum and further provided that a copy of such resolution has been given or the contents thereof communicated to all the Directors for the time being entitled to receive notices of Board meetings in the same manner as notices of meetings are required to be given by these Articles) shall be as valid and effectual as if it had been passed at a meeting of the Directors duly called and constituted. When signed a resolution may consist of several documents each signed by one or more of the Directors. | |||||||||
141. | The continuing Director(s) may act notwithstanding any vacancy in their body, save that: | |||||||||
(a) | if and so long as their number is reduced below the number fixed by or pursuant to these Articles as the minimum number of Directors, the continuing Director(s) may act for the purpose of increasing the number of Directors, or of summoning a general meeting of the Company, but for no other purpose; and |
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(b) | without prejudice to paragraph (a) of this Article, if the Board of Directors ceases to include at least three Independent Non-Executive Directors, the continuing Director(s) shall continue to manage the business of the Company in all respects pursuant to Article 118 and to exercise all powers, discretions and duties of the Directors under these Articles, provided that the continuing Director(s) shall be required to use all reasonable endeavors to appoint or procure the appointment of at least three Independent Non-Executive Directors in accordance with Article 104(1). | |||||||||
142. | The Directors may elect a chairman of their meetings and determine the period for which he is to hold office but if no such chairman is elected, or if at any meeting the chairman is not present within half an hour after the time appointed for holding the meeting, the Directors present may choose one of their number to be chairman of the meeting. Any chairman appointed pursuant to these Articles shall have no powers or duties other than those provided by these Articles in respect of chairing meetings and the Board of Directors may revoke or terminate such appointment at any time. | |||||||||
143. | Subject to any regulations imposed on it by the Directors, a committee appointed by the Directors may elect a chairman of its meetings. If no such chairman is elected, or if at any meeting the chairman is not present within half an hour after the time appointed for holding the meeting, the members present may choose one of their number to be chairman of the meeting. | |||||||||
144. | A committee appointed by the Directors may meet and adjourn as it thinks proper. Subject to any regulations imposed on it by the Directors, questions arising at any meeting shall be determined by a majority of votes of the committee members present and in case of an equality of votes the chairman shall not have a second or casting vote. | |||||||||
145. | All acts done by any meeting of the Directors or of a committee of Directors, or by any person acting as a Director, shall notwithstanding that it be afterwards discovered that there was some defect in the appointment of any such Director or person acting as aforesaid, or that they or any of them were disqualified, be as valid as if every such person had been duly appointed and was qualified to be a Director. | |||||||||
DIVIDENDS | ||||||||||
146. | Subject to the Law, the Company in general meeting may from time to time declare dividends in any currency to be paid to the Members but no dividend shall be declared in excess of the amount recommended by the Board of Directors. | |||||||||
147. | Dividends may be declared and paid out of the profits of the Company, realized or unrealized, or from any reserve set aside from profits which the Directors determine is no longer needed. With the sanction of an Ordinary Resolution dividends may also be declared and paid out of share premium account or any other fund or account which can be authorized for this purpose in accordance with the Law. | |||||||||
148. | Except in so far as the rights attaching to, or the terms of issue of, any share otherwise provide: | |||||||||
(a) | all dividends shall be declared and paid according to the amounts paid up on the shares in respect of which the dividend is paid, but no amount paid up on a share in advance of calls shall be treated for the purposes of this Article as paid up on the share; and | App. 3 3(1) | ||||||||
(b) | all dividends shall be apportioned and paid pro rata according to the amounts paid up on the shares during any portion or portions of the period in respect of which the dividend is paid. |
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149. | The Board of Directors may from time to time pay to the Members such interim dividends as appear to the Board of Directors to be justified by the profits of the Company and in particular (but without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing) if at any time the share capital of the Company is divided into different classes, the Board of Directors may pay such interim dividends in respect of those shares in the capital of the Company which confer on the holders thereof deferred or non-preferential rights as well as in respect of those shares which confer on the holders thereof preferential rights with regard to dividend and provided that the Board of Directors acts bona fide the Board of Directors shall not incur any responsibility to the holders of shares conferring any preference for any damage that they may suffer by reason of the payment of an interim dividend on any shares having deferred or non-preferential rights and may also pay any fixed dividend which is payable on any shares of the Company half-yearly or on any other dates, whenever such profits, in the opinion of the Board of Directors, justifies such payment. | |||||||||
150. | The Board of Directors may deduct from any dividend or other moneys payable to a Member by the Company on or in respect of any shares all sums of money (if any) presently payable by him to the Company on account of calls or otherwise. | |||||||||
151. | No dividend or other moneys payable by the Company on or in respect of any share shall bear interest against the Company. | |||||||||
152. | Any dividend, interest or other sum payable in cash to the holder of shares may be paid by cheque or warrant sent through the post addressed to the holder at his registered address or, in the case of joint holders, addressed to the holder whose name stands first in the Register in respect of the shares at his address as appearing in the Register or addressed to such person and at such address as the holder or joint holders may in writing direct. Every such cheque or warrant shall, unless the holder or joint holders otherwise direct, be made payable to the order of the holder or, in the case of joint holders, to the order of the holder whose name stands first on the Register in respect of such shares, and shall be sent at his or their risk and payment of the cheque or warrant by the bank on which it is drawn shall constitute a good discharge to the Company notwithstanding that it may subsequently appear that the same has been stolen or that any endorsement thereon has been forged. Any one of two or more joint holders may give effectual receipts for any dividends or other moneys payable or property distributable in respect of the shares held by such joint holders. | |||||||||
153. | All dividends or bonuses unclaimed for one year after having been declared may be invested or otherwise made use of by the Board of Directors for the benefit of the Company until claimed. Any dividend or bonuses unclaimed after a period of six years from the date of declaration shall be forfeited and shall revert to the Company. The payment by the Board of Directors of any unclaimed dividend or other sums payable on or in respect of a share into a separate account shall not constitute the Company a trustee in respect thereof. | App. 3 3(2) | ||||||||
154. | Whenever the Board of Directors or the Company in general meeting has resolved that a dividend be paid or declared, the Board of Directors may further resolve that such dividend be satisfied wholly or in part by the distribution of specific assets of any kind and in particular of paid up shares, debentures or warrants to subscribe securities of the Company or any other company, or in any one or more of such ways, and where any difficulty arises in regard to the distribution the Board of Directors may settle the same as it thinks expedient, and in particular may issue certificates in respect of fractions of shares, disregard fractional entitlements or round the same up or down, and may fix the value for distribution of such specific assets, or any part thereof, and may determine that cash payments shall be made to any Members upon the footing of the value so fixed in order to adjust the rights of all parties, and may vest any such specific assets in trustees as may seem expedient to the Board of Directors and may appoint any person to sign any requisite instruments of transfer and other documents on behalf of the persons entitled to the dividend, and such appointment shall be effective and binding on the Members. The Board of Directors may resolve that no such assets shall be made available to Members with registered addresses in any particular territory or territories where, in the absence of a registration statement or other special formalities, such distribution of assets would or might, in the opinion of the Board of Directors, be unlawful or impracticable and in such event the only entitlement of the Members aforesaid shall be to receive cash payments as aforesaid. Members affected as a result of the foregoing sentence shall not be or be deemed to be a separate class of Members for any purpose whatsoever. |
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155. | (1) | Whenever the Board of Directors or the Company in general meeting has resolved that a dividend be paid or declared on any class of the share capital of the Company, the Board of Directors may further resolve either: | ||||||||
(a) | that such dividend be satisfied wholly or in part in the form of an allotment of shares credited as fully paid up, provided that the Members entitled thereto will be entitled to elect to receive such dividend (or part thereof if the Board of Directors so determines) in cash in lieu of such allotment. In such case, the following provisions shall apply: | |||||||||
(i) |
the basis of any such allotment shall be determined by the Board of Directors; | |||||||||
(ii) |
the Board of Directors, after determining the basis of allotment, shall give not less than two weeks notice to the holders of the relevant shares of the right of election accorded to them and shall send with such notice forms of election and specify the procedure to be followed and the place at which and the latest date and time by which duly completed forms of election must be lodged in order to be effective; | |||||||||
(iii) |
the right of election may be exercised in respect of the whole or part of that portion of the dividend in respect of which the right of election has been accorded; and | |||||||||
(iv) |
the dividend (or that part of the dividend to be satisfied by the allotment of shares as aforesaid) shall not be payable in cash on shares in respect whereof the cash election has not been duly exercised (the non-elected shares) and in satisfaction thereof shares of the relevant class shall be allotted credited as fully paid up to the holders of the non-elected shares on the basis of allotment determined as aforesaid and for such purpose the Board of Directors shall capitalize and apply out of any part of the undivided profits of the Company (including profits carried and standing to the credit of any reserves or other special account, share premium account or capital redemption reserve other than the Subscription Rights Reserve) as the Board of Directors may determine, such sum as may be required to pay up in full the appropriate number of shares of the relevant class for allotment and distribution to and amongst the holders of the non-elected shares on such basis; or | |||||||||
(b) | that the Members entitled to such dividend shall be entitled to elect to receive an allotment of shares credited as fully paid up in lieu of the whole or such part of the dividend as the Board of Directors may think fit. In such case, the following provisions shall apply: | |||||||||
(i) |
the basis of any such allotment shall be determined by the Board of Directors; | |||||||||
(ii) |
the Board of Directors, after determining the basis of allotment, shall give not less than two weeks notice to the holders of the relevant shares of the right of election accorded to them and shall send with such notice forms of election and specify the procedure to be followed and the place at which and the latest date and time by which duly completed forms of election must be lodged in order to be effective; | |||||||||
(iii) |
the right of election may be exercised in respect of the whole or part of that portion of the dividend in respect of which the right of election has been accorded; and |
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(iv) |
the dividend (or that part of the dividend in respect of which a right of election has been accorded) shall not be payable in cash on shares in respect whereof the share election has been duly exercised (the elected shares) and in lieu thereof shares of the relevant class shall be allotted credited as fully paid up to the holders of the elected shares on the basis of allotment determined as aforesaid and for such purpose the Board of Directors shall capitalize and apply out of any part of the undivided profits of the Company (including profits carried and standing to the credit of any reserves or other special account, share premium account or capital redemption reserve other than the Subscription Rights Reserve) as the Board of Directors may determine, such sum as may be required to pay up in full the appropriate number of shares of the relevant class for allotment and distribution to and amongst the holders of the elected shares on such basis. | |||||||||
(2) |
(a) |
The shares allotted pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of this Article shall rank pari passu in all respects with shares of the same class (if any) then in issue save only as regards participation in the relevant dividend or in any other distributions, bonuses or rights paid, made, declared or announced prior to or contemporaneously with the payment or declaration of the relevant dividend unless, contemporaneously with the announcement by the Board of Directors of their proposal to apply the provisions of sub-paragraph (a) or (b) of paragraph (2) of this Article in relation to the relevant dividend or contemporaneously with their announcement of the distribution, bonus or rights in question, the Board of Directors shall specify that the shares to be allotted pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of this Article shall rank for participation in such distribution, bonus or rights. | ||||||||
(b) |
The Board of Directors may do all acts and things considered necessary or expedient to give effect to any capitalization pursuant to the provisions of paragraph (1) of this Article, with full power to the Board of Directors to make such provisions as it thinks fit in the case of shares becoming distributable in fractions (including provisions whereby, in whole or in part, fractional entitlements are aggregated and sold and the net proceeds distributed to those entitled, or are disregarded or rounded up or down or whereby the benefit of fractional entitlements accrues to the Company rather than to the Members concerned). The Board of Directors may authorize any person to enter into on behalf of all Members interested, an agreement with the Company providing for such capitalization and matters incidental thereto and any agreement made pursuant to such authority shall be effective and binding on all concerned. | |||||||||
(3) |
The Company may upon the recommendation of the Board of Directors by Ordinary Resolution resolve in respect of any one particular dividend of the Company that notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1) of this Article a dividend may be satisfied wholly in the form of an allotment of shares credited as fully paid up without offering any right to Members to elect to receive such dividend in cash in lieu of such allotment. | |||||||||
(4) |
The Board of Directors may on any occasion determine that rights of election and the allotment of shares under paragraph (1) of this Article shall not be made available or made to any Members with registered addresses in any territory where, in the absence of a registration statement or other special formalities, the circulation of an offer of such rights of election or the allotment of shares would or might, in the opinion of the Board of Directors, be unlawful or impracticable, and in such event the provisions aforesaid shall be read and construed subject to such determination. Members affected as a result of the foregoing sentence shall not be or be deemed to be a separate class of Members for any purpose whatsoever. |
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(5) | Any resolution declaring a dividend on shares of any class, whether a resolution of the Company in general meeting or a resolution of the Board of Directors, may specify that the same shall be payable or distributable to the persons registered as the holders of such shares at the close of business on a particular date, notwithstanding that it may be a date prior to that on which the resolution is passed, and thereupon the dividend shall be payable or distributable to them in accordance with their respective holdings so registered, but without prejudice to the rights inter se in respect of such dividend of transferors and transferees of any such shares. The provisions of this Article shall mutatis mutandis apply to bonuses, capitalization issues, distributions of realized capital profits or offers or grants made by the Company to the Members. | |||||||||
OFFICERS | ||||||||||
156. | Subject to Article 120, the Company may have a Chief Executive Officer, one or more Vice Presidents and Chief Financial Officer, President, a Secretary or Secretary-Treasurer appointed by the Directors. The Directors may also from time to time appoint such other officers as they consider necessary, all for such terms, at such remuneration and to perform such duties, and subject to such provisions as to disqualification and removal as the Directors from time to time decide. | |||||||||
ACCOUNTS AND AUDIT | ||||||||||
157. | The Board of Directors shall cause true accounts to be kept of the sums of money received and expended by the Company, and the matters in respect of which such receipt and expenditure take place, and of the property, assets, credits and liabilities of the Company and of all other matters required by the Law or necessary to give a true and fair view of the Companys affairs and to explain its transactions. | App. 13B 4(1) | ||||||||
158. | The accounting records shall be kept at the Office or, at such other place or places as the Board of Directors decides and shall always be open to inspection by the Directors. No Member (other than a Director) shall have any right of inspecting any accounting record or book or document of the Company except as conferred by law or authorized by the Board of Directors or the Company in general meeting. | |||||||||
159. | Subject to Article 160, a printed copy of the Directors report, accompanied by the balance sheet and profit and loss account, including every document required by law to be annexed thereto, made up to the end of the applicable financial year and containing a summary of the assets and liabilities of the Company under convenient heads and a statement of income and expenditure, together with a copy of the Auditors report, shall be delivered or sent by post to the registered address of each person entitled thereto at least 21 days before the date of the general meeting and at the same time as the notice of annual general meeting and laid before the Company at the annual general meeting in each year provided that this Article shall not require a copy of those documents to be sent to any person whose address the Company is not aware or to more than one of the joint holders of any shares or debentures. | App. 3 5
App. 13B 3(3) 4(2) | ||||||||
160. | Subject to due compliance with all applicable law, rules and regulations, including, without limitation, the Listing Rules, and to obtaining all necessary consents, if any, required thereunder, the requirements of Article 159 shall be deemed satisfied in relation to any person by sending to the person in any manner not prohibited by law, a summary financial statement derived from the Companys annual accounts and the directors report which shall be in the form and containing the information required by applicable laws and regulations, provided that any person who is otherwise entitled to the annual financial statements of the Company and the directors report thereon may, if he so requires by notice in writing served on the Company, demand that the Company sends to him, in addition to a summary financial statement, a complete printed copy of the Companys annual financial statement and the directors report thereon. |
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161. | The requirement to send to a person referred to in Article 159 the documents referred to in that Article or a summary financial report in accordance with Article 160 shall be deemed satisfied where, in accordance with all applicable law, rules and regulations, including, without limitation, the Listing Rules, the Company publishes copies of the documents referred to in Article 159 and, if applicable, a summary financial report complying with Article 160, on the Companys Website or in any other permitted manner (including by sending any form of electronic communication), and that person has agreed or is deemed to have agreed to treat the publication or receipt of such documents in such manner as discharging the Companys obligation to send to him a copy of such documents. | |||||||||
162. | (1) | At the annual general meeting or at a subsequent extraordinary general meeting in each year, the Members shall appoint an Auditor to audit the accounts of the Company and such auditor shall hold office until the next annual general meeting. Such auditor may be a Member but no Director or officer or employee of the Company shall, during his continuance in office, be eligible to act as an auditor of the Company. | ||||||||
(2) | The Members may, at any general meeting convened and held in accordance with these Articles, by Special Resolution remove the Auditor at any time before the expiration of his term of office and shall by Ordinary Resolution at that meeting appoint another Auditor in his stead for the remainder of his term. | |||||||||
163. | Subject to the Law the accounts of the Company shall be audited at least once in every year. | App.13B 4(2) | ||||||||
164. |
The remuneration of the Auditor shall be fixed by the Company in general meeting or in such manner as the Members may otherwise determine. |
|||||||||
165. | If the office of auditor becomes vacant by the resignation or death (in the case of an individual) of the Auditor, or by his becoming incapable of acting by reason of illness (in the case of an individual) or other disability at a time when his services are required, the Directors shall fill the vacancy and fix the remuneration of the Auditor so appointed. | |||||||||
166. | The Auditor shall at all reasonable times have access to all books kept by the Company and to all accounts and vouchers relating thereto; and he may call on the Directors or officers of the Company for any information in their possession relating to the books or affairs of the Company. | |||||||||
167. | The statement of income and expenditure and the balance sheet provided for by these Articles shall be examined by the Auditor and compared by him with the books, accounts and vouchers relating thereto; and he shall make a written report thereon stating whether such statement and balance sheet are drawn up so as to present fairly the financial position of the Company and the results of its operations for the period under review and, in case information shall have been called for from Directors or officers of the Company, whether the same has been furnished and has been satisfactory. The financial statements of the Company shall be audited by the Auditor in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. The Auditor shall make a written report thereon in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and the report of the Auditor shall be submitted to the Members in general meeting. The generally accepted auditing standards referred to herein may be those of a country or jurisdiction other than the Cayman Islands. If so, the financial statements and the report of the Auditor should disclose this fact and name such country or jurisdiction. | |||||||||
CAPITALIZATION OF RESERVES | ||||||||||
168. | Subject to the Law and these Articles, the Directors may: | |||||||||
(a) | resolve to capitalize an amount standing to the credit of reserves (including a share premium account, capital redemption reserve and profit and loss account), whether or not available for distribution; | |||||||||
(b) | appropriate the sum resolved to be capitalized to the Members in proportion to the nominal amount of shares (whether or not fully paid) held by them respectively and apply that sum on their behalf in or towards: |
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(i) | paying up the amounts (if any) for the time being unpaid on shares held by them respectively, or | |||||||||
(ii) | paying up in full unissued shares or debentures of a nominal amount equal to that sum, | |||||||||
and allot the shares or debentures, credited as fully paid, to the Members (or as they may direct) in those proportions, or partly in one way and partly in the other, but the share premium account, the capital redemption reserve and profits which are not available for distribution may, for the purposes of this Article, only be applied in paying up unissued shares to be allotted to Members credited as fully paid; | ||||||||||
(c) | make any arrangements they think fit to resolve a difficulty arising in the distribution of a capitalized reserve and in particular, without limitation, where shares or debentures become distributable in fractions the Directors may deal with the fractions as they think fit; | |||||||||
(d) | exclude the right of participation or entitlement of any Member with a registered address outside any territory where in the absence of a registration statement or other special or onerous formalities the circulation of an offer of such right or entitlement would or might be unlawful or where the Directors consider the costs, expense or possible delays in ascertaining the existence or extent of the legal and other requirements applicable to such offer or the acceptance of such offer out of proportion to the benefits of the Company; | |||||||||
(e) | authorize a person to enter (on behalf of all the Members concerned) into an agreement with the Company providing for either: | |||||||||
(i) | the allotment to the Members respectively, credited as fully paid, of shares or debentures to which they may be entitled on the capitalization, or | |||||||||
(ii) | the payment by the Company on behalf of the Members (by the application of their respective proportions of the reserves resolved to be capitalized) of the amounts or part of the amounts remaining unpaid on their existing shares, | |||||||||
and any such agreement made under this authority being effective and binding on all those Members; and | ||||||||||
(f) | generally do all acts and things required to give effect to any of the actions contemplated by this Articles. | |||||||||
169. | The Directors may, in relation to any capitalization sanctioned under the preceding Article in their absolute discretion specify that, and in such circumstances and if directed so to do by a Member or Members entitled to an allotment and distribution credited as fully paid up of unissued shares or debentures in the Company pursuant to such capitalization, the unissued shares, debentures or other securities to which that Member is entitled shall be allotted and distributed credited as fully paid up to such person or persons as that Member may nominate by notice in writing to the Company, such notice to be received not later than the day for which the general meeting of the Company to sanction the capitalization is convened. | |||||||||
SHARE PREMIUM ACCOUNT | ||||||||||
170. | The Directors shall in accordance with Section 34 of the Law establish a share premium account and shall carry to the credit of such account from time to time a sum equal to the amount or value of the premium paid on the issue of any share. | |||||||||
171. | There shall be debited to any share premium account on the redemption or purchase of a share the difference between the nominal value of such share and the redemption or purchase price provided always that at the discretion of the Directors such sum may be paid out of the profits of the Company or, if permitted by Section 37 of the Law, out of capital. |
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SUBSCRIPTION RIGHTS RESERVE | ||||||||||
172. | The following provisions shall have effect to the extent that they are not prohibited by and are in compliance with the Law: | |||||||||
(1) | If, so long as any of the rights attached to any warrants issued by the Company to subscribe for shares of the Company shall remain exercisable, the Company does any act or engages in any transaction which, as a result of any adjustments to the subscription price in accordance with the provisions of the conditions of the warrants, would reduce the subscription price to below the par value of a share, then the following provisions shall apply: | |||||||||
(a) | as from the date of such act or transaction the Company shall establish and thereafter (subject as provided in this Article) maintain in accordance with the provisions of this Article a reserve (the Subscription Rights Reserve) the amount of which shall at no time be less than the sum which for the time being would be required to be capitalized and applied in paying up in full the nominal amount of the additional shares required to be issued and allotted credited as fully paid pursuant to sub- paragraph (c) below on the exercise in full of all the subscription rights outstanding and shall apply the Subscription Rights Reserve in paying up such additional shares in full as and when the same are allotted; | |||||||||
(b) | the Subscription Rights Reserve shall not be used for any purpose other than that specified above unless all other reserves of the Company (other than share premium account) have been extinguished and will then only be used to make good losses of the Company if and so far as is required by law; | |||||||||
(c) | upon the exercise of all or any of the subscription rights represented by any warrant, the relevant subscription rights shall be exercisable in respect of a nominal amount of shares equal to the amount in cash which the holder of such warrant is required to pay on exercise of the subscription rights represented thereby (or, as the case may be the relevant portion thereof in the event of a partial exercise of the subscription rights) and, in addition, there shall be allotted in respect of such subscription rights to the exercising warrantholder, credited as fully paid, such additional nominal amount of shares as is equal to the difference between: | |||||||||
(i) | the said amount in cash which the holder of such warrant is required to pay on exercise of the subscription rights represented thereby (or, as the case may be, the relevant portion thereof in the event of a partial exercise of the subscription rights); and | |||||||||
(ii) | the nominal amount of shares in respect of which such subscription rights would have been exercisable having regard to the provisions of the conditions of the warrants, had it been possible for such subscription rights to represent the right to subscribe for shares at less than par value and immediately upon such exercise so much of the sum standing to the credit of the Subscription Rights Reserve as is required to pay up in full such additional nominal amount of shares shall be capitalized and applied in paying up in full such additional nominal amount of shares which shall forthwith be allotted credited as fully paid to the exercising warrantholders; and |
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(d) | if, upon the exercise of the subscription rights represented by any warrant, the amount standing to the credit of the Subscription Rights Reserve is not sufficient to pay up in full such additional nominal amount of shares equal to such difference as aforesaid to which the exercising warrantholder is entitled, the Board of Directors shall apply any profits or reserves then or thereafter becoming available (including, to the extent permitted by law, share premium account) for such purpose until such additional nominal amount of shares is paid up and allotted as aforesaid and until then no dividend or other distribution shall be paid or made on the fully paid shares of the Company then in issue. Pending such payment and allotment, the exercising warrantholder shall be issued by the Company with a certificate evidencing his right to the allotment of such additional nominal amount of shares. The rights represented by any such certificate shall be in registered form and shall be transferable in whole or in part in units of one share in the like manner as the shares for the time being are transferable, and the Company shall make such arrangements in relation to the maintenance of a register therefor and other matters in relation thereto as the Board of Directors may think fit and adequate particulars thereof shall be made known to each relevant exercising warrantholder upon the issue of such certificate. | |||||||||
(2) | Shares allotted pursuant to the provisions of this Article shall rank pari passu in all respects with the other shares allotted on the relevant exercise of the subscription rights represented by the warrant concerned. Notwithstanding anything contained in paragraph (1) of this Article, no fraction of any share shall be allotted on exercise of the subscription rights. | |||||||||
(3) | The provision of this Article as to the establishment and maintenance of the Subscription Rights Reserve shall not be altered or added to in any way which would vary or abrogate, or which would have the effect of varying or abrogating the provisions for the benefit of any warrantholder or class of warrantholders under this Article without the sanction of a Special Resolution of such warrantholders or class of warrantholders. | |||||||||
(4) | A certificate or report by the Auditors for the time being of the Company as to whether or not the Subscription Rights Reserve is required to be established and maintained and if so the amount thereof so required to be established and maintained, as to the purposes for which the Subscription Rights Reserve has been used, as to the extent to which it has been used to make good losses of the Company, as to the additional nominal amount of shares required to be allotted to exercising warrantholders credited as fully paid, and as to any other matter concerning the Subscription Rights Reserve shall (in the absence of manifest error) be conclusive and binding upon the Company and all warrantholders and shareholders. | |||||||||
RESERVES | ||||||||||
173. | Before recommending any dividend, the Board of Directors may set aside out of the profits of the Company such sums as it determines as reserves which shall, at the discretion of the Board of Directors, be applicable for any purpose to which the profits of the Company may be properly applied and pending such application may, also at such discretion, either be employed in the business of the Company or be invested in such investments as the Board of Directors may from time to time think fit and so that it shall not be necessary to keep any investments constituting the reserve or reserves separate or distinct from any other investments of the Company. The Board of Directors may also without placing the same to reserve carry forward any profits which it may think prudent not to distribute. | |||||||||
NOTICES | ||||||||||
174. | Except as otherwise provided in these Articles, any notice or document (including any corporate communication as defined in the Listing Rules) may be served by the Company and any notices may be served by the Directors on any Member either personally or by sending it through the post in a prepaid letter addressed to such Member at his registered address as appearing in the Register or, to the extent permitted by the Listing Rules and all applicable laws and regulations, by electronic means by transmitting it to any electronic number or address or website supplied by the Member to the Company or by placing it on the Companys Website provided that the Company has obtained either (a) the Members prior express positive confirmation in writing or (b) the Members deemed consent, in the manner specified in the Listing Rules to receive or otherwise have made available to him notices and documents to be given or issued to him by the Company by such electronic means, or (in the case of notice) by advertisement published in the newspapers. In the case of joint holders of a share, all notices shall be given to that holder for the time being whose name stands first in the Register and notice so given shall be sufficient notice to all the joint holders. | App. 3 7(1) |
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175. | A Member shall be entitled to have notice served on him at any address within or outside Hong Kong. A Member who has no registered address shall be deemed to have received any notice which shall have been displayed at the Office and shall have remained there for a period of 24 hours and such notice shall be deemed to have been received by such Member on the day following that on which it shall have been first so displayed. | App. 3 7(3)
App. 3 7(2) | ||||||||
176. |
Any notice or document sent by post (including airmail, where appropriate) shall be deemed to have been served on the day following that on which it is put into a post office situated within Hong Kong and in proving such service it shall be sufficient to prove that the envelope or wrapper containing the notice or document was properly prepaid, addressed and put into such post office and a certificate in writing signed by the Secretary or other person appointed by the Directors that the envelope or wrapper containing the notice or document was so addressed and put into such post office shall be conclusive evidence thereof. |
|||||||||
177. | Any notice or other document delivered or left at a registered address otherwise than by post shall be deemed to have been served or delivered on the day it was so delivered or left. | |||||||||
178. | Any notice served by advertisement shall be deemed to have been served on the day of issue of the official publication and/or newspaper(s) in which the advertisement is published (or on the last day of issue if the publication and/or newspaper(s) are published on different dates). | |||||||||
179. | Any notice given by electronic means as provided herein shall be deemed to have been served and delivered on the day following that on which it is successfully transmitted or at such later time as may be prescribed by the Listing Rules or any applicable laws or regulations. | |||||||||
180. | A notice may be given by the Company to the person or persons entitled to a share in consequence of the death, mental disorder or bankruptcy of a Member by sending it through the post in a prepaid letter addressed to him or them by name, or by the title of representative of the deceased, or trustee of the bankrupt, or by any like description, at the address, if any, within Hong Kong supplied for the purpose by the person claiming to be so entitled, or (until such an address has been so supplied) by giving the notice in any manner in which the same might have been given if the death, mental disorder or bankruptcy had not occurred. | |||||||||
181. | Any person who by operation of law, transfer or other means whatsoever shall become entitled to any share shall be bound by every notice in respect of such share which prior to his name and address being entered on the Register shall have been duly given to the person from whom he derives his title to such share. | |||||||||
182. | Any notice or document delivered or sent to any Member pursuant to these Articles, shall notwithstanding that such Member be then deceased and whether or not the Company has notice of his death be deemed to have been duly served in respect of any registered shares whether held solely or jointly with other persons by such Member until some other person be registered in his stead as the holder or joint holder thereof, and such service shall for all purposes of these Articles be deemed a sufficient service of such notice or document on his personal representatives and all persons (if any) jointly interested with him in any such shares. | |||||||||
183. | The signature to any notice to be given by the Company may be written or printed by means of facsimile or, where relevant, by Electronic Signature. | |||||||||
184. | Any notice or other document may be given to a Member either in the English language or the Chinese language, subject to compliance with all applicable law, rules and regulations, provided that any notice or document to be given to a Member whose registered address is outside of Hong Kong or Mainland China, shall include an English version. |
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INFORMATION | ||||||||||
185. | No member shall be entitled to require discovery of any information in respect of any detail of the Companys trading or any information which is or may be in the nature of a trade secret or secret process which may relate to the conduct of the business of the Company and which in the opinion of the Board would not be in the interests of the members of the Company to communicate to the public. | |||||||||
186. | The Board shall be entitled to release or disclose any information in its possession, custody or control regarding the Company or its affairs to any of its Members including, without limitation, information contained in the Register of Members and transfer books of the Company. | |||||||||
INDEMNITY | ||||||||||
187. | Every Director (including for the purposes of this Article any alternate Director appointed pursuant to the provisions of these Articles), Secretary, assistant Secretary, or other officer for the time being and from time to time of the Company (but not including the Companys auditors) and the personal representatives of the same (each an Indemnified Person) shall be indemnified and secured harmless against all actions, proceedings, costs, charges, expenses, losses, damages or liabilities incurred or sustained by such Indemnified Person, other than by reason of such Indemnified Persons own dishonesty, wilful default or fraud, in or about the conduct of the Companys business or affairs (including as a result of any mistake of judgment) or in the execution or discharge of his duties, powers, authorities or discretions, including without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing, any costs, expenses, losses or liabilities incurred by such Indemnified Person in defending (whether successfully or otherwise) any civil proceedings concerning the Company or its affairs in any court whether in the Cayman Islands or elsewhere. | |||||||||
188. | No Indemnified Person shall be liable: | |||||||||
(a) | for the acts, receipts, neglects, defaults or omissions of any other Director or officer or agent of the Company; or | |||||||||
(b) | for any loss on account of defect of title to any property of the Company; or | |||||||||
(c) | on account of the insufficiency of any security in or upon which any money of the Company shall be invested; or | |||||||||
(d) | for any loss incurred through any bank, broker or other similar Person; or | |||||||||
(e) | for any loss occasioned by any negligence, default, breach of duty, breach of trust, error of judgement or oversight on such Indemnified Persons part; or | |||||||||
(f) | for any loss, damage or misfortune whatsoever which may happen in or arise from the execution or discharge of the duties, powers, authorities, or discretions of such Indemnified Persons office or in relation thereto; | |||||||||
unless the same shall happen through such Indemnified Persons own dishonesty, wilful default or fraud. |
41
NON-RECOGNITION OF TRUSTS | ||||||||||
189. | No person shall be recognized by the Company as holding any share upon any trust and the Company shall not, unless required by law, be bound by or be compelled in any way to recognize (even when having notice thereof) any equitable, contingent or future interest in any of its shares or any other rights in respect thereof except an absolute right to the entirety thereof in each Member registered in the Register. | |||||||||
FINANCIAL YEAR | ||||||||||
190. | Unless the Directors otherwise prescribe, the financial year of the Company shall end on December 31st in each year and shall begin on January 1st in each year. | |||||||||
WINDING UP | ||||||||||
191. | A resolution that the Company be wound up by the court or be wound up voluntarily shall be a Special Resolution, except where the Company is to be wound up voluntarily because it is unable to pay its debts as they may fall due in which event the resolution shall be an Ordinary Resolution. | |||||||||
192. | (1) | Subject to any special rights, privileges or restrictions as to the distribution of available surplus assets on liquidation for the time being attached to any class or classes of shares (i) if the Company shall be wound up and the assets available for distribution amongst the Members of the Company shall be more than sufficient to repay the whole of the capital paid up at the commencement of the winding up, the excess shall be distributed pari passu amongst such Members in proportion to the amount paid up on the shares held by them respectively and (ii) if the Company shall be wound up and the assets available for distribution amongst the Members as such shall be insufficient to repay the whole of the paid-up capital such assets shall be distributed so that, as nearly as may be, the losses shall be borne by the Members in proportion to the capital paid up, or which ought to have been paid up, at the commencement of the winding up on the shares held by them respectively. | ||||||||
(2) | If the Company shall be wound up (whether the liquidation is voluntary or compelled by the court) the liquidator may, with the authority of an Ordinary Resolution and any other sanction required by the Law, divide among the Members in specie or kind the whole or any part of the assets of the Company and whether or not the assets shall consist of properties of one kind or shall consist of properties to be divided as aforesaid of different kinds, and may for such purpose set such value as he deems fair upon any one or more class or classes of property and may determine how such division shall be carried out as between the Members or different classes of Members. The liquidator may, with the like authority, vest any part of the assets in trustees upon such trusts for the benefit of the Members as the liquidator with the like authority shall think fit, and the liquidation of the Company may be closed and the Company dissolved, but so that no contributory shall be compelled to accept any shares or other property in respect of which there is a liability. |
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(3) | In the event of winding-up of the Company in Hong Kong, every Member of the Company who is not for the time being in Hong Kong shall be bound, within 14 days after the passing of an effective resolution to wind up the Company voluntarily, or the making of an order for the winding-up of the Company, to serve notice in writing on the Company appointing some person resident in Hong Kong and stating that persons full name, address and occupation upon whom all summonses, notices, process, orders and judgements in relation to or under the winding-up of the Company may be served, and in default of such nomination the liquidator of the Company shall be at liberty on behalf of such Member to appoint some such person, and service upon any such appointee, whether appointed by the Member or the liquidator, shall be deemed to be good personal service on such Member for all purposes, and, where the liquidator makes any such appointment, he shall with all convenient speed give notice thereof to such Member by advertisement as he shall deem appropriate or by a registered letter sent through the post and addressed to such Member at his address as appearing in the register, and such notice shall be deemed to be service on the day following that on which the advertisement first appears or the letter is posted. | |||||||||
AMENDMENT OF ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION | ||||||||||
193. | Subject to the Law and the rights attaching to the various classes of shares, the Company may at any time and from time to time by Special Resolution alter or amend these Articles in whole or in part. | App. 13B 1 | ||||||||
UNSUITABLE PERSONS AND COMPULSORY REDEMPTION | ||||||||||
194. | (1) | In the event that the Company or a Subsidiary receives a written notice (Gaming Authority Notice) from a Gaming Authority to whose jurisdiction the Company or the Subsidiary is subject, setting out the name of a Person who is considered to be an Unsuitable Person, then forthwith upon the Company serving a copy of such Gaming Authority Notice on the relevant parties, and until the shares Owned or Controlled by such Person or its Affiliate are Owned or Controlled by a Person who is not an Unsuitable Person, the Unsuitable Person or any Affiliate of an Unsuitable Person shall: (i) sell all of the shares, or allow the redemption or repurchase of the shares by the Company on such terms, including the Redemption Price, and in such manner as the Directors may determine and agree with the Shareholder, within such period of time as may be specified by a Gaming Authority; (ii) not be entitled to receive any dividend (save for any dividend declared prior to any receipt of any Gaming Authority Notice under this Article but not yet paid), interest or other distribution of any kind with regard to the shares; (iii) not be entitled to receive any remuneration in any form from the Company or a Subsidiary for services rendered or otherwise, and/or (iv) not be entitled to exercise, directly or indirectly or through any proxy, trustee, or nominee, any voting or other right conferred by such shares. In this Article, relevant parties means the Person considered by the Gaming Authority to be Unsuitable to be a Shareholder, any intermediaries or representatives of such Person, any entities through which such Person holds an interest in shares of the Company, or any other third parties to whom disclosure of the aforementioned notice of the Gaming Authority is necessary or expedient. | ||||||||
(2) | Subject to applicable laws and regulations, including but not limited to the Listing Rules and The Code on Share Repurchases issued by the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission, shares Owned or Controlled by an Unsuitable Person or an Affiliate of an Unsuitable Person shall be subject to compulsory redemption by the Company, out of funds legally available therefor, by a resolution of the Board of Directors, to the extent required by the Gaming Authority making the determination of Unsuitability or to the extent deemed necessary or advisable by the Board of Directors having regard to relevant Gaming Laws. If a Gaming Authority requires the Company, or if the Board of Directors deems it necessary or advisable, to redeem the shares of a Shareholder under this Article, the Company shall give a Redemption Notice to such Shareholder and shall redeem on the Redemption Date the number of shares specified in the Redemption Notice for the Redemption Price set forth in the Redemption Notice. Upon such compulsory redemption under this Article being exercised by the Company against a Shareholder, such Shareholder will be entitled to receive the Redemption Price in respect of his shares so redeemed, and from the day on which such compulsory redemption is effected, shall have no other Shareholders rights except the right to receive the Redemption Price and the right to receive any dividends declared prior to any receipt of any Gaming Authority Notice under these Articles but not yet paid provided however that upon service of a copy of the Gaming Authority Notice on any relevant party, such Shareholders rights will be limited as provided in paragraphs (i) to (iv) of the preceding Article. |
43
(3) | If any shares of the Company are held in a street name, by a nominee, an agent or in trust, the record holder of the shares may be required by the Company to disclose to it the identity of the beneficial owner of the shares. The Company may thereafter be required to disclose the identity of the beneficial owner to a Gaming Authority. Each record holder of the shares of the Company must render maximum assistance to the Company in determining the identity of the beneficial owner. A failure of a record holder to disclose the identity of the beneficial owner of shares of the Company may constitute grounds for a Gaming Authority to find the record holder Unsuitable. | |||||||||
(4) | Any Unsuitable Person and any Affiliate of an Unsuitable Person shall indemnify and hold harmless the Company and its Subsidiaries for any and all losses, costs, and expenses, including legal fees, incurred by the Company and its Subsidiaries as a result of, or arising out of, such Unsuitable Persons or Affiliates continuing Ownership or Control of shares, the neglect, refusal or other failure to comply with this Article, or failure to promptly divest itself of any shares when required by the Gaming Laws or this Article. |
44
Exhibit 5.1
29 November 2011 | Our Ref: MP/M4237-H06094 |
Melco Crown Entertainment Limited
36th Floor, The Centrium
60 Wyndham Street
Central
Hong Kong
Dear Sirs
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
We have acted as Cayman Islands legal advisers to Melco Crown Entertainment Limited (the Company) in connection with the Companys registration statement on Form F-3, including all amendments or supplements thereto (the Registration Statement), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, relating to the proposed sale from time to time by the Company of American Depositary Shares representing three Ordinary Shares of the Company, with a par value of US$0.01 each (the Ordinary Shares), or Ordinary Shares. The Registration Statement also relates to the sale by any selling shareholder from time to time of certain American Depositary Shares representing Ordinary Shares or Ordinary Shares (the Issued Shares). We are furnishing this opinion as exhibit 5.1 to the Registration Statement.
For the purposes of giving this opinion, we have examined and relied upon the originals, copies or translations of the documents listed in Schedule 1.
In giving this opinion we have relied upon the assumptions set out in Schedule 2, which we have not independently verified.
We are Cayman Islands Attorneys at Law and express no opinion as to any laws other than the laws of the Cayman Islands in force and as interpreted at the date of this opinion. We have not, for the purposes of this opinion, made any investigation of the laws, rules or regulations of any other jurisdiction.
Based upon the foregoing examinations and assumptions and upon such searches as we have conducted and having regard to legal considerations which we consider relevant, and subject to the qualifications set out in Schedule 3, and under the laws of the Cayman Islands, we give the following opinions in relation to the matters set out below.
WALKERS | Page 2 |
1. | The Company is an exempted company duly incorporated with limited liability, validly existing under the laws of the Cayman Islands and is in good standing with the Registrar of Companies in the Cayman Islands. |
2. | The authorised share capital of the Company is currently US$73,000,000 divided into 7,300,000,000 Ordinary Shares of par value US$0.01 each. |
3. | In relation to the Ordinary Shares: |
(a) | 1,653,101,002 Ordinary Shares have been duly authorised and were validly allotted and issued; |
(b) | Assuming the Ordinary Shares to be sold pursuant to the Registration Statement have been fully paid as contemplated in the Registration Statement, there is no further obligation on the holder of any of the Ordinary Shares to make any further payment to the Company in respect of such shares; and |
(c) | the Ordinary Shares carry such rights as are attributed to them in the Amended and Restated M&A. |
4. | The statements under the caption Taxation in the prospectus forming part of the Registration Statement, to the extent that they constitute statements of Cayman Islands law, are accurate in all material respects and that such statements constitute our opinion. |
We hereby consent to the use of this opinion in, and the filing hereof, as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference to our firm under the headings Enforcement of Civil Liabilities, Taxation, Legal Matters and elsewhere in the prospectus included in the Registration Statement. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we come within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Rules and Regulations of the Commission thereunder.
This opinion is limited to the matters referred to herein and shall not be construed as extending to any other matter or document not referred to herein.
WALKERS | Page 3 |
This opinion shall be construed in accordance with the laws of the Cayman Islands.
Yours faithfully |
/s/ WALKERS |
WALKERS |
WALKERS | Page 4 |
SCHEDULE 1
LIST OF DOCUMENTS EXAMINED
1. | The Certificate of Incorporation dated 17 December 2004, the Memorandum and Articles of Association as registered on 17 December 2004, the Amended and Restated Articles of Association as adopted on 19 May 2009 and the Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association as conditionally adopted by special resolution on 6 October 2011 and effective upon the completion of the listing by introduction of the Company on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (the Amended and Restated M&A), the Register of Members and Register of Directors and Officers of the Company, copies of which have been provided to us by its registered office in the Cayman Islands (together the Company Records). |
2. | A Certificate of Good Standing dated 24 November 2011 in respect of the Company issued by the Registrar of Companies in the Cayman Islands (the Certificate of Good Standing). |
3. | Copies of executed minutes of meetings of the Board of Directors of the Company dated 28 November 2006, 23 April 2009, 11 August 2009 and 17 October 2011 setting out the resolutions adopted at such meetings, written resolutions of the Board of Directors of the Company dated 15 December 2006, 18 June 2007, 17 October 2007, and 3 August 2011, a copy of executed written resolutions of the members of the Company dated 1 December 2006 and minutes of a meeting of the members of the Company dated 6 October 2011 setting out the resolutions adopted at such meeting (the Resolutions) |
4. | A certificate from a director of the Company dated 29 November 2011, a copy of which is attached hereto (the Directors Certificate). |
5. | The Registration Statement. |
WALKERS | Page 5 |
SCHEDULE 2
ASSUMPTIONS
1. | The originals of all documents examined in connection with this opinion are authentic. All documents purporting to be sealed have been so sealed. All copies are complete and conform to their originals. |
2. | The Company Records are complete and accurate and constitute a complete and accurate record of the business transacted and resolutions adopted by the Company and all matters required by law and the Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Company to be recorded therein are so recorded. |
3. | The Directors Certificate is true and correct as of the date hereof. |
WALKERS | Page 6 |
SCHEDULE 3
QUALIFICATIONS
1. | Our opinion as to good standing is based solely upon receipt of the Certificate of Good Standing. The term good standing as used herein means that the Company is not currently in breach of its obligations to file the annual return, and pay the annual filing fees, due for the current calendar year, and having regard to any grace periods permitted under the Companies Law. |
WALKERS | Page 7 |
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED
36th Floor, The Centrium
60 Wyndham Street
Central
Hong Kong
29 November 2011
Walkers
Suite 1501-1507
Alexandra House
18 Chater Road
Central
Hong Kong
Dear Sirs,
MELCO CROWN ENTERTAINMENT LIMITED (the Company) Directors Certificate
I, Lawrence Ho, being a director of the Company, am aware that you are being asked to provide a legal opinion (the Opinion) in relation to certain aspects of Cayman Islands law. Capitalised terms used in this certificate have the meaning given to them in the Opinion. I hereby certify that:
1. | the amended and restated memorandum and articles of association of the Company as adopted by special resolution passed on 6 October 2011 remain in full force and effect and are otherwise unamended; |
2. | the minutes of the meeting of shareholders dated 6 October 2011 are a true and accurate record of the business conducted at the meeting and were signed by Lawrence Ho as Chairman in the manner prescribed in the articles of association of the Company, the signatures and initials thereon are those of a person or persons in whose name the resolutions have been expressed to be signed, are in full force and effect at the date hereof and have not been amended, varied or revoked in any respect; |
3. | the written resolutions of the shareholders dated 1 December 2006 were executed (and where by a corporate entity such execution has been duly authorised if so required) by and on behalf of all shareholders in the manner prescribed in the articles of association of the Company, the signatures and initials thereon are those of a person or persons in whose name the resolutions have been expressed to be signed, are in full force and effect at the date hereof and have not been amended, varied or revoked in any respect; |
WALKERS | Page 8 |
4. | the minutes of the meetings of the board of directors dated 28 November 2006, 23 April 2009, 11 August 2009 and 17 October 2011 are a true and accurate record of the business conducted at the meeting and were signed in the manner prescribed in the articles of association of the Company, the signatures and initials thereon are those of a person or persons in whose name the resolutions have been expressed to be signed, are in full force and effect at the date hereof and have not been amended, varied or revoked in any respect; |
5. | the written resolutions of the board of directors dated 15 December 2006, 18 June 2007, 17 October 2007 and 3 August 2011 were executed by all the directors in the manner prescribed in the articles of association of the Company, the signatures and initials thereon are those of a person or persons in whose name the resolutions have been expressed to be signed, are in full force and effect at the date hereof and have not been amended, varied or revoked in any respect; and |
6. | there is no contractual or other prohibition (other than as arising under Cayman Islands law) binding on the Company prohibiting it from issuing and allotting the Ordinary Shares. |
I confirm that you may continue to rely on this Certificate as being true and correct on the day that you issue the Opinion unless I have previously notified you personally to the contrary.
/s/ Lawrence Ho |
Lawrence Ho |
Director
Exhibit 8.2
FIVE PALO ALTO SQUARE, 6TH FLOOR | 3000 EL CAMINO REAL | PALO ALTO | CA | 94306-2155
WWW.SHEARMAN.COM | T +1.650.838.3600 | F +1.650.838.3699
November 29, 2011
Melco Crown Entertainment Limited
36th Floor, The Centrium
60 Wyndham Street
Hong Kong
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We are acting as U.S. counsel to Melco Crown Entertainment Limited, an exempted company incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the Company), in connection with the preparation of the registration statement on Form F-3 (the Registration Statement) and the related prospectus (the Prospectus) with respect to the Companys American depositary shares (the ADSs), representing three ordinary shares of the Company (the Ordinary Shares), and Ordinary Shares to be sold from time to time by the Company or by any selling shareholder. The Company is filing the Registration Statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Act). Any defined term used and not defined herein has the meaning given to it in the Prospectus.
For purposes of the opinion set forth below, we have, with the consent of the Company, relied upon the accuracy of the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing, and based upon the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), the United States Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder, judicial decisions, revenue rulings and revenue procedures of the Internal Revenue Service, and other administrative pronouncements, all as in effect on the date hereof, subject to the limitations set forth therein, the discussion contained in the Prospectus under the caption TaxationUnited States Federal Income Taxation is our opinion as to the material United States federal income tax consequences to U.S. Holders (as defined therein) of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of ADSs and Ordinary Shares under currently applicable law.
Our opinion is based on current United States federal income tax law and administrative practice, and we do not undertake to advise U.S. Holders as to any future changes in United States federal income tax law or administrative practice that may affect our opinion unless we are specifically retained to do so. Further, legal opinions are not binding upon the Internal Revenue Service and there can be no assurance that contrary positions may not be asserted by the Internal Revenue Service.
ABU DHABI | BEIJING | BRUSSELS | DÜSSELDORF | FRANKFURT | HONG KONG | LONDON | MILAN | MUNICH | NEW YORK
PALO ALTO | PARIS | ROME | SAN FRANCISCO | SÃO PAULO | SHANGHAI | SINGAPORE | TOKYO | TORONTO | WASHINGTON, DC
SHEARMAN & STERLING LLP IS A LIMITED LIABILITY PARTNERSHIP ORGANIZED IN THE UNITED STATES UNDER THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE, WHICH LAWS LIMIT THE PERSONAL LIABILITY OF PARTNERS.
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion with the Commission as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference to us in the Prospectus. In giving such consent, we do not hereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Shearman & Sterling LLP |
Shearman & Sterling LLP |
Exhibit 8.3
November 29, 2011
Melco Crown Entertainment Limited (the Company)
36th Floor, The Centrium
60 Wyndham Street
Central
Hong Kong
Dear Sirs,
We are lawyers admitted and licensed to practice in the Macau Special Administrative Region of the Peoples Republic of China (Macau SAR), and we have been requested to provide our opinion regarding the tax implications in the Macau SAR relating to the proposed sale from time to time by the Company or any selling shareholder of American Depository Shares (ADSs) representing three ordinary shares of the Company, with a par value of US0.01 each (the Ordinary Share) or Ordinary Shares, in connection with the filing of the Form F-3 Registration Statement under the Securities Act of 1933, dated November 29, 2011 (the Form F-3) with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
This opinion is limited to the Macau SAR law in force at the date hereof as applied by the Macau SAR courts. We express no opinion as to any laws, rules and regulations other than those of the Macau SAR and have not made any investigation on any laws, rules and regulations of any other jurisdiction.
1. | Documents examined |
For the purpose of this opinion we have examined the originals or copies certified as true or fax copies or otherwise identified to our satisfaction of:
(i) | Form F-3; and |
(ii) | Such other documents as we consider relevant to this opinion. |
In addition we have made such enquiries and reviewed such matters of law and examined the originals or copies certified as true or otherwise identified to our satisfaction of such other documents, records and certificates as we have considered appropriate, relevant or necessary for the purpose of giving this opinion.
2. | Basic Assumptions |
In such examination we have assumed:
a) | the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals and the conformity with the original documents of those submitted to us as certified copies or fax copies thereof; |
b) | the compliance with matters of, and the validity and enforceability of the Form F-3 under, all such laws as are expressed to govern or relate to the Form F-3 other than the laws of the Macau SAR, on which law alone we herein opine; |
c) | the accuracy of all matters expressed in or implied by the Form F-3, and the accuracy of all factual statements made in the documents examined, except as related to the Macau SAR law; and |
d) | that there are no provisions of the laws of any jurisdictions outside the Macau SAR which would be contravened by the execution and delivery of the Form F-3 and that, in so far as any obligation under the Form F-3 falls to be performed in any jurisdiction outside the Macau SAR, its performance will not be illegal or adversely affected by virtue of the laws of that jurisdiction. |
3. | Opinion |
Based upon and subject to the foregoing and subject to any matters which may not have been disclosed to us, we are of the opinion that:
- 2 -
The Macau SAR taxes that in general terms might be attracted in connection with (i) the payment of dividends by the Company, and (ii) the proposed sale of the Companys ADSs or Ordinary Shares, are:
1. | Industrial Contribution |
Under the Industrial Contribution Regulation all corporate entities that carry out any commercial or industrial activity shall be subject to this tax, which is a fixed annual contribution, varying in accordance with the main activity of the company.
This tax is, however, currently suspended.
2. | Complementary Income Tax |
In general terms, under the terms of the Complementary Income Tax Regulation, all entities, regardless of their respective place of residence or registered office, are subject to complementary income tax for the Global Income (as defined below) generated in the Macau SAR.
Global Income means the net annual profit derived from any commercial and industrial activity in the Macau SAR. All earnings, deducting the costs effectively incurred, documented and accepted by the tax authorities, will be subject to complementary income tax in the Macau SAR in accordance with tax return to be filed.
Considering that the Company does not carry out any activity in the Macau SAR: (i) dividends paid by the Company, and (ii) gains from the proposed sale of the Companys ADSs or Ordinary Shares, shall not be deemed to constitute Global Income generated in the Macau SAR and, therefore, shall not fall within the scope of the Complementary Income Tax Regulation.
- 3 -
3. | Stamp duty |
The proposed sale of the Companys ADSs or Ordinary Shares does not attract stamp duty in the Macau SAR.
In view of the above, neither the Companys ADSs nor its Ordinary Shares are subject to tax in the Macau SAR. The statements under the caption Taxation in the prospectus forming part of the Form F-3, to the extent that they constitute statements of Macau SAR law, are accurate in all material respects and that such statements constitute our opinion.
This opinion is limited to the matters addressed herein and is not to be read as an opinion with respect to any other matter. This opinion speaks as of its date, is addressed to you for the benefit solely of yourselves, and it is not to be relied upon by any other person or for any other purpose nor is it to be quoted or referred to in any public document or filed with any governmental agency or other person without our consent, except that this opinion can be disclosed to the Securities and Exchange Commission and your legal advisors for the purpose of filing of the Form F-3.
Yours faithfully, |
/s/ Manuela António |
Manuela António |
- 4 -
Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the use in this registration statement on Form F-3 (the Registration Statement) of our reports dated April 1, 2011 relating to the consolidated financial statements and related financial statements included in Schedule 1 of Melco Crown Entertainment Limited (the Company) as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010, and the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting, appearing in the prospectus, which is part of this Registration Statement.
We also consent to the reference to us under the heading Experts in such prospectus.
/s/ Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu
Hong Kong
November 29, 2011